C1 noun /ˈdiːviəns/

deviance

逸脱

Meaning

Behavior that differs from accepted social or moral standards.

Example

The book studies deviance in urban youth culture.

その本は都市の若者文化における逸脱を研究しています。

C1 verb /dɪˈkraɪ/

decry

非難する

Meaning

to publicly criticize or express strong disapproval of something

Example

Many activists decry the destruction of the rainforest.

多くの活動家が熱帯雨林の破壊を非難しています。

C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪkəl/

dialectical

弁証法的

Meaning

Relating to the logical discussion of ideas and opinions.

Example

She took a dialectical approach to solve the complex issue.

彼女は複雑な問題を解決するために弁証法的なアプローチを取りました。

B1 noun /ˈdɛv.əl/

devil

悪魔

Meaning

An evil spirit or supernatural being often regarded as the embodiment of wickedness and harm.

Example

The story warned children about making deals with the devil.

その話は子供たちに悪魔と取引をしないように警告した。

B1 noun /dɪsk/

disk

ディスク / データ保存装置

Meaning

a flat, circular object, often used to store data electronically

Example

All the data is saved on a hard disk.

すべてのデータはハードディスクに保存されています。

B2 verb /ˈdɛzɪɡneɪt/

designate

指名する

Meaning

to officially assign, appoint, or indicate something or someone

Example

The committee will designate a new chairperson next week.

委員会は来週、新しい会長を指名する予定です。

B2 adjective /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

Distinguished

優れた; 名誉のある; 有名な; 尊厳のある外見または態度

Meaning

notable; honored; famous; having a dignified appearance or manner

Example

He is a distinguished professor at the university.

彼は大学の優れた教授です。

C2 noun /ˌdɪspjuːˈteɪʃən/

disputation

議論

Meaning

a formal debate or argument

Example

The disputation between the two scholars lasted for hours.

二人の学者の間での議論は数時間続いた。

C2 adjective /dɪˈtɜːrmɪnət/

determinate

確定的

Meaning

having exact and definite limits or form

Example

The contract is for a determinate period of two years.

契約は2年間の確定した期間です。

C1 noun /ˈdek.ə.dəns/

decadence

堕落

Meaning

Moral or cultural decline characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury.

Example

The novel describes the decadence of the wealthy elite.

その小説は裕福なエリートの堕落を描いています。

A2 noun /ˈdaɪəri/

diary

日記

Meaning

a book in which one keeps a daily record of events and experiences

Example

She wrote about her day in her diary before going to bed.

彼女は寝る前に日記にその日の出来事を書きました。

C1 verb ˈdiː.vi.eɪt

deviate

逸脱する

Meaning

To depart from an established course or normal pattern.

Example

He tends to deviate from the original plan.

彼は元の計画から外れる傾向がある。

B1 adjective dəˈmes.tɪk

domestic

国内の

Meaning

Existing or occurring inside a particular country; not foreign or international.

Example

Domestic investments stabilize the economy.

国内投資は経済を安定させる。

A1 verb /duː/

do

する

Meaning

to perform an action; to carry out

Example

I do my homework every evening.

私は毎晩宿題をします。

B2 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.ɡət/

Delegate

代表

Meaning

a person chosen or elected to act for or represent others; representative

Example

Each country sent a delegate to participate in the international conference.

各国は国際会議に参加するために代表を派遣しました。

C1 adjective /dɪsˈkwaɪətɪŋ/

disquieting

不安を引き起こす

Meaning

Causing worry, unease, or anxiety.

Example

The news report was deeply disquieting to the public.

そのニュース報告は公衆にとって非常に不安を引き起こすものでした。

B1 noun /dʌst/

dust

ほこり

Meaning

Fine particles of matter.

Example

Road dust is a major pollutant in urban areas.

道路のほこりは都市部で主要な汚染物質です。

C1 noun /ˈdɑː.mə.saɪl/

domicile

住居地

Meaning

A person's legal residence or permanent home.

Example

He declared Canada as his legal domicile.

彼はカナダを彼の法的な住居地として宣言しました。

C2 noun /doʊˈniː/

donee

受贈者

Meaning

A person who receives a gift or donation.

Example

The scholarship fund’s donee expressed heartfelt gratitude.

奨学金基金の受贈者は心からの感謝の意を表しました。

C2 noun /ˈdɒldrəmz/

doldrums

Meaning

A state of inactivity, stagnation, or low spirits; also a region near the equator with calm winds.

Example

After the project failed, the team was stuck in the doldrums for months.

C2 noun /ˌdɪvɪˈneɪʃən/

divination

占い

Meaning

the practice of seeking knowledge of the future or the unknown by supernatural means

Example

Ancient people often relied on divination to guide important decisions.

古代の人々は重要な決定を導くために占いに頼ることがよくありました。

C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanor

態度

Meaning

a person's outward behavior or appearance

Example

Her calm demeanor impressed everyone at the meeting.

彼女の冷静な態度は会議で皆に感銘を与えました。

A2 noun /ˈdiː.teɪl/

detail

詳細

Meaning

An individual feature, fact, or item of information.

Example

She explained the plan in great detail.

彼女は計画を詳細に説明しました。

A2 noun /ˈdrɑː.mə/

drama

ドラマ

Meaning

a play for theater, radio, or television, or an exciting or emotional situation

Example

She loves watching historical drama series.

彼女は歴史的なドラマシリーズを見るのが好きです。

C2 noun /ˈdɒkɪt/

docket

リスト

Meaning

a list or schedule of cases to be tried in a court or items to be done

Example

The judge reviewed the docket before starting the session.

裁判官はセッションを開始する前にリストを確認しました。

C2 adjective /ˌdeɪ.kɒlˈteɪ/

decollete

深い胸元の衣装

Meaning

of a woman's dress or top, cut low so as to reveal the neck and upper chest

Example

She wore a decollete gown to the party.

彼女はパーティーで深い胸元のドレスを着ていました。

C1 noun /ˌdez.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/

Designation

任命; 役職; 職位; ステータス

Meaning

the action of choosing someone for a position; a name, title, or official status

Example

His designation as team leader came with additional responsibilities and authority.

チームリーダーとしての彼の任命は、追加の責任と権限を伴っていました。

C1 verb /dɪsˈoʊn/

disown

拒絶する

Meaning

to refuse to acknowledge or accept responsibility for someone or something

Example

He decided to disown his reckless brother.

彼は無謀な兄を拒絶する決断をしました。

C1 noun /ˈdɛspɒt/

despot

暴君

Meaning

a ruler with absolute power, often ruling in a cruel or oppressive way

Example

The despot ruled the nation with fear and violence.

暴君は恐怖と暴力で国を支配した。

B1 noun /dɪˈbeɪts/

debates

討論

Meaning

Formal discussions where different viewpoints are presented and argued.

Example

Debates on governance lasted throughout the session.

ガバナンスに関する討論はセッション全体を通して行われました。

C1 noun /dɪˈkɔː.rəm/

Decorum

礼儀; 品位; 威厳

Meaning

behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety; dignified and appropriate conduct

Example

The diplomat maintained perfect decorum throughout the heated negotiations.

その外交官は熱心な交渉の中で完璧な礼儀を保っていました。

B2 noun /dɪkˈteɪtə/

dictator

独裁者

Meaning

a ruler with total power over a country, typically one who has obtained control by force

Example

The dictator ruled the country with an iron fist.

独裁者は鉄の拳で国を支配した。

C1 noun /dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

denomination

宗派, 価値

Meaning

a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church; a unit of value or currency

Example

The church belongs to a Protestant denomination.

その教会はプロテスタントの宗派に属しています。

C2 adjective /ˌdɪsəˈfɛktɪd/

disaffected

不満な

Meaning

Dissatisfied and rebellious, especially against authority or leadership.

Example

The reforms were introduced to calm the disaffected youth.

改革は不満な若者を落ち着かせるために導入されました。

B2 verb, noun /dɑːrt/

dart

ダート/急に走る

Meaning

to move suddenly and quickly; a small pointed missile thrown at a target

Example

The cat darted across the street to avoid the car.

猫は車を避けるために急いで道路を横切りました。

C1 verb /ˈdɛprɪˌkeɪt/

deprecate

非難する

Meaning

to express disapproval of something

Example

The teacher deprecated the use of slang in academic essays.

教師は学術論文でのスラングの使用を非難しました。

B2 noun /dɪˈtɜːrdʒənt/

detergent

洗剤

Meaning

a substance used for cleaning, especially for washing clothes and dishes

Example

She bought a new brand of detergent for laundry.

彼女は洗濯のために新しいブランドの洗剤を買いました。

B2 noun /ˈdɪpləmæt/

diplomat

外交官

Meaning

An official representing a country abroad; a person skilled in dealing with people tactfully.

Example

The diplomat negotiated a peace agreement.

外交官は平和協定の交渉を行いました。

A2 noun /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

drawing

幸せ

Meaning

a picture or diagram made with a pencil, pen, or crayons rather than paint

Example

She showed me a drawing of her house.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

C2 verb /ˌdɪskəmˈpoʊz/

discompose

動揺させる

Meaning

To disturb the order or calmness of something or someone.

Example

The unexpected question seemed to discompose her.

予期しない質問が彼女を動揺させたようだ。

C2 adjective /dɪˈmɒtɪk/

demotic

一般的な言語に関する

Meaning

relating to ordinary people or everyday language

Example

The poet used demotic language to connect with common readers.

詩人は一般の読者とつながるために一般的な言語に関する言葉を使った。

C1 adjective /dɪsˈdʒɔɪntɪd/

disjointed

ばらばら

Meaning

Lacking order, coherence, or connection; disconnected.

Example

The movie felt disjointed and hard to follow.

映画はばらばらに感じ、追いかけるのが難しかった。

B1 verb/noun /ˈdiːkriːs/ (noun), /dɪˈkriːs/ (verb)

decrease

Meaning

To become or make something smaller or fewer in number, amount, or degree.

Example

The population of the town has decreased over the years.

C1 verb /daɪˈvɜːrdʒ/

diverge

分岐する

Meaning

to separate and go in different directions; to differ

Example

The two paths diverge at the fork in the road.

二つの道は交差点で分かれる。

B2 noun /dɪˈkeɪ/

Decay

腐敗; 分解; 老化

Meaning

the process of rotting or decomposing; gradual decline or deterioration

Example

The old building showed signs of decay after years of neglect.

その古い建物は長年の無視の後、腐敗の兆しを示していた。

C2 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃə/

differentia

区別する特徴

Meaning

A distinguishing characteristic that sets one thing apart from another.

Example

The differentia of humans is their ability to reason abstractly.

人間の区別する特徴は抽象的に考える能力です。

C1 verb dɪˈsaɪ.fɚ

decipher

解読する, 暗号を解く, 翻訳する

Meaning

To convert something written in code into normal language; to succeed in understanding the meaning of something.

Example

It took hours to decipher the ancient script.

古代の文字を解読するのに何時間もかかりました。

A2 noun /drʌɡ/

drug

薬物

Meaning

a substance used as a medicine or an illegal addictive substance

Example

The doctor prescribed a new drug for the illness.

医者はその病気のために新しい薬を処方しました。

B2 noun /doʊs/

dose

用量

Meaning

a measured amount of a medicine or drug taken at one time

Example

The doctor prescribed one dose of the medicine every six hours.

医者は6時間ごとに1回薬のドーズを処方しました。

B2 adjective /dɛns/

dense

密な

Meaning

Closely compacted in substance; having parts crowded together.

Example

The forest was so dense that little sunlight reached the ground.

森はとても密で、ほとんど太陽の光が地面に届かなかった。

C1 noun /doʊ/

doe

雌鹿

Meaning

a female deer, especially an adult one

Example

The doe and her fawn were grazing in the meadow.

雌鹿とその子鹿は草原で草を食べていました。

B2 adjective daɪˈdʒes.tɪv

digestive

消化の

Meaning

Relating to the digestion of food.

Example

Digestive enzymes help break down food.

消化酵素は食べ物を分解するのを助けます。

C1 verb /dɪˈɡreɪd/

degrade

Meaning

To lower in dignity, quality, or value; to treat with disrespect or to deteriorate.

Example

Harsh words can degrade a person's confidence.

B2 noun /dɪˈvoʊ.ʃən/

Devotion

献身; 忠誠; 熱意

Meaning

love, loyalty, or enthusiasm for a person, activity, or cause

Example

Her devotion to helping others made her a beloved figure in the community.

他人を助けることへの献身が、彼女をコミュニティで愛される存在にしました。

C2 noun /doʊlt/

dolt

ばか

Meaning

A stupid or slow-witted person.

Example

Only a dolt would believe such a story.

そんな話を信じるのはばかだけだ。

B2 noun /diˈoʊ.dər.ənt/

Deodorant

デオドラント

Meaning

a substance that removes or conceals unpleasant smells, especially bodily odors

Example

She applied deodorant before going to the gym to stay fresh during workout.

彼女はジムに行く前に、トレーニング中にさっぱりとした状態を保つためにデオドラントを塗りました。

B1 adjective /dɪˈtɜːrmɪnd/

determined

決心した

Meaning

Having firmly decided to do something and not letting anything stop you.

Example

She was determined to finish her studies despite many obstacles.

多くの障害があったにもかかわらず、彼女は学業を終わらせる決心をしていた。

B2 noun /diːp ˈkʌlər/

Deep colour

深い色

Meaning

a rich, intense, or dark shade of any color

Example

The artist used deep colours to create a dramatic effect.

アーティストはドラマチックな効果を作り出すために深い色を使いました。

C2 adjective /ˈdəʊl.səm/

dolesome

悲しい

Meaning

Filled with grief or sadness; mournful.

Example

The dolesome ballad brought tears to their eyes.

その悲しい歌は彼らの目に涙をもたらしました。

C2 verb /diːˈlɪmɪt/

delimit

境界を設定する

Meaning

to fix the boundaries or limits of something

Example

The treaty was signed to delimit the borders of the two countries.

その条約は二国の境界を定めるために署名されました。

B2 noun /ˈdʌbəl ˈdekər/

Double decker

二階建てバス

Meaning

a bus with two levels or floors for passengers

Example

The red double decker bus is a famous symbol of London.

赤いダブルデッカーバスはロンドンの有名なシンボルです。

C1 noun /ˌdiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/

Deviation

逸脱；定められたコースから外れること

Meaning

the action of departing from an established course; a departure from usual standards

Example

Any deviation from the established procedure must be reported immediately.

定められた手順からの逸脱は直ちに報告されなければなりません。

C1 noun /ˈdɛsɪˌbɛl/

decibel

デシベル

Meaning

a unit used to measure the intensity of sound

Example

The noise level in the factory exceeded 90 decibels.

工場の騒音レベルは90デシベルを超えました。

C1 verb /dɪsˈkleɪm/

disclaim

否定する

Meaning

to deny responsibility or connection with something

Example

The company disclaimed responsibility for the accident.

その会社は事故に対する責任を否定しました。

C2 adjective /dɪˈmoʊniˌæk/

demoniac

悪魔的な

Meaning

possessed, produced, or influenced by a demon; frenzied or violent

Example

The soldiers fought with demoniac fury.

兵士たちは悪魔的な怒りで戦った。

C1 adjective /ˈdɑːsəl/ or /ˈdəʊsaɪl/

docile

従順な

Meaning

easily managed, taught, or controlled; submissive

Example

The docile puppy quickly learned new tricks.

従順な子犬はすぐに新しい技を覚えました。

B1 adjective dɪˈleɪd

delayed

遅延

Meaning

Late or postponed; happening later than planned or expected.

Example

The Artemis mission was delayed due to technical challenges.

アルテミスミッションは技術的な課題のため遅延しました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/

decisive

決定的

Meaning

Having the ability to make decisions quickly and effectively; determining the outcome.

Example

Her decisive action saved the company from collapse.

彼女の決定的な行動が会社を崩壊から救った。

C2 verb /dʌn/

dun

借金を取り立てる

Meaning

to demand payment of a debt persistently

Example

The landlord dunned the tenant for unpaid rent.

家主は未払いの家賃のためにテナントに何度も支払いを求めました。

C1 adjective draʊt rɪˈzɪs.tənt

drought-resistant

耐乾燥

Meaning

Able to survive and grow despite limited water availability or drought conditions.

Example

Drought-resistant crops can survive in arid conditions.

耐乾燥作物は乾燥した条件でも生き残ることができます。

C2 adjective /ˌdɛlɪˈkwɛsənt/

deliquescent

湿気を吸収して液体に変わる

Meaning

tending to become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air

Example

Sugar is not deliquescent, but salt can be.

砂糖はデリクエセントではないが、塩はそうである可能性がある。

C2 noun /dɪˈsɛnʃən/

dissension

意見の相違

Meaning

Strong disagreement or difference of opinion, especially leading to discord within a group.

Example

The meeting ended in dissension among the committee members.

会議は委員会メンバー間の意見の相違で終了しました。

C1 adjective /ˈdiːviəs/

devious

狡猾な

Meaning

Skillful at using underhanded tactics to achieve goals; not straightforward.

Example

He used a devious plan to gain control of the company.

彼は会社の支配権を握るために、狡猾な計画を使いました。

A1 noun /dɛsk/

desk

机

Meaning

a piece of furniture with a flat surface used for writing or working

Example

The books are on the desk.

本は机の上にあります。

C2 adjective /ˈdɛndrɔɪd/

dendroid

樹状の

Meaning

tree-shaped or branching like a tree

Example

The coral has a dendroid structure.

サンゴはデンドロイド構造を持っています。

A2 verb /dɪsˈkʌvər/

discover

発見する

Meaning

to find something for the first time

Example

Scientists discovered a new planet last year.

科学者たちは昨年新しい惑星を発見しました。

C1 verb /dɪˈfrɔːd/

defraud

詐欺

Meaning

to illegally take money or valuables from someone by deception

Example

The company was accused of trying to defraud investors.

その会社は投資家をだまそうとしたとして告発されました。

B2 noun dɪˈveləpɪŋ ˈriːdʒənz

developing regions

発展途上地域

Meaning

Areas or countries that are in the process of economic growth and development

Example

Pollution affects developing regions the most.

汚染は発展途上地域に最も影響を与えます。

B2 noun /dɪˈstɪŋk.ʃən/

Distinction

卓越; 優秀; 名誉

Meaning

a difference or contrast between similar things; excellence that sets someone apart; honor or recognition

Example

She graduated with distinction, earning the highest honors in her class.

彼女は優秀な成績で卒業し、クラスで最も高い栄誉を得ました。

A2 verb /drɔː/

draw

描く

Meaning

to create pictures or designs with a pencil or pen

Example

She draws beautiful landscapes in her spare time.

彼女は余暇に美しい風景を描きます。

C1 adjective /dɪˈstrɔːt/

distraught

動揺した

Meaning

extremely upset and anxious, often to the point of being unable to think clearly

Example

She was distraught after losing her pet.

ペットを失った後、彼女は動揺していた。

C1 noun /dɪˈstɔːrʃən/

distortion

歪曲、誤った提示

Meaning

the action of twisting, changing, or misrepresenting the shape, sound, or truth of something

Example

There was a distortion in the radio signal.

ラジオ信号に歪曲がありました。

C1 adjective /dɪsˈɪntrəstɪd/

disinterested

無関心

Meaning

not influenced by personal interest; impartial or neutral

Example

The judge remained disinterested in the case.

裁判官はその事件に無関心のままでした。

B2 noun daɪˈmen.ʃən

dimension

次元

Meaning

An aspect or feature of a situation, problem, or thing; a measurable extent.

Example

Renewable projects add a new dimension to urban planning.

再生可能エネルギープロジェクトは都市計画に新しい次元を加えます。

C1 noun dɪˈtɜː.mɪ.nənt

determinant

決定的な要素

Meaning

A factor that decisively affects the nature or outcome of something.

Example

Education is a key determinant of success.

教育は成功の重要な決定的要素です。

B1 noun /ˈdrɛsɪŋ/

dressing

ドレッシング / 調味料の混合物

Meaning

a sauce for salads; or material used to cover a wound

Example

She prepared a delicious salad with Italian dressing.

彼女はイタリアンドレッシングで美味しいサラダを作った。

C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈtɒmɪk/

diatomic

二原子

Meaning

Consisting of two atoms.

Example

Oxygen is a diatomic molecule.

酸素は二原子分子です。

C2 noun /ˌdɪʃəˈbiːl/

dishabille

だらしない格好

Meaning

The state of being only partly or loosely dressed; casual or careless attire.

Example

She answered the door in a state of dishabille, wearing just a robe.

彼女はだらしない格好でドアに応答した、ローブだけを着て。

A2 verb dɪˈvɛləp

develop

発展させる

Meaning

To grow or bring to a more advanced or effective state; to start to exist, experience, or possess gradually.

Example

Develop a brand based on your passion and skills.

情熱とスキルに基づいてブランドを発展させましょう。

C2 verb /dɪˈkæmp/

decamp

逃げる

Meaning

To depart suddenly or secretly, often to avoid trouble or escape.

Example

The thief decamped before the police arrived.

泥棒は警察が到着する前に逃げました。

C2 noun /dɜːrdʒ/

dirge

哀歌

Meaning

A mournful song, piece of music, or poem expressing grief, often for the dead.

Example

The choir sang a solemn dirge at the funeral.

コーラスは葬式で厳粛な哀歌を歌いました。

C1 adjective /ˈdestatəʊt/

Destitute

困窮した; 貧しい; 財産もお金もない

Meaning

extremely poor; without money or possessions

Example

Many families became destitute after the economic collapse.

経済崩壊後、多くの家族は困窮しました。

A1 adjective /dɪr/

dear

親愛なる

Meaning

loved or cherished; sometimes used as a polite form of address

Example

She is very dear to her grandparents.

彼女は祖父母にとって非常に親愛なる存在です。

C1 verb /dɪˈsɛləˌreɪt/

decelerate

減速する

Meaning

to reduce speed; to slow down

Example

The car began to decelerate as it approached the traffic light.

車は信号に近づくと減速し始めました。

C1 noun /ˌdɪsəˈluːʃən/

dissolution

解散

Meaning

the act of formally ending or breaking apart something, such as an organization or marriage

Example

The dissolution of the company was announced yesterday.

会社の解散は昨日発表されました。

C1 noun /ˌdɪs.əˈreɪ/

disarray

混乱

Meaning

A state of disorganization or untidiness; confusion or disorder.

Example

His desk was in complete disarray.

彼の机は完全に混乱していました。

C2 noun /dɪˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/

dilapidation

荒廃

Meaning

The state of disrepair or ruin as a result of neglect.

Example

The old temple was in a state of dilapidation.

その古い寺院は廃墟の状態にありました。

C2 noun /ˌdɪskwɪˈzɪʃən/

disquisition

論文

Meaning

A long or elaborate discussion or written essay on a particular subject.

Example

The professor gave a lengthy disquisition on ancient philosophy.

教授は古代哲学についての長い論文を発表しました。

B2 noun, verb /ˈdeɪ.bjuː/

debut

デビュー

Meaning

The first public appearance or performance of someone or something.

Example

The young actor made his debut on the big stage.

若い俳優は大きな舞台でデビューを果たした。

C1 adjective /dɪˈspɜːrst/

dispersed

散らばった

Meaning

Scattered or spread across a wide area.

Example

The dispersed population made it difficult to provide public services.

散らばった人口は公共サービスの提供を困難にしました。

B2 noun /den/

Den

巣穴; 快適な部屋; 不法活動の場所

Meaning

a wild animal's lair or home; a small, comfortable room; a place for illegal activities

Example

The fox disappeared into its den when it sensed danger approaching.

キツネは危険が迫るのを感じて、巣穴に姿を消しました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈzɜːrtɪd/

deserted

人がいない

Meaning

Empty of people; abandoned.

Example

The village looked completely deserted after the storm.

嵐の後、その村は完全に人がいないように見えた。

B2 adjective /ˈdred.fəl/

Dreadful

恐ろしい; 恐怖を引き起こす; 恐ろしい

Meaning

extremely bad or unpleasant; causing fear or suffering; terrible

Example

The weather was dreadful during our vacation.

私たちの休暇中、天気は恐ろしかった。

C1 verb /ˈdiːmɑːrˌkeɪt/

demarcate

境界を定める

Meaning

to set the boundaries or limits of something

Example

The land was demarcated with fences to avoid disputes.

土地はフェンスで境界が定められて、争いを避けました。

C2 noun dɪsˈbɜːs.mənt

disbursement

支払い

Meaning

The payment of money from a fund.

Example

The company's disbursement of salaries was delayed.

会社の給与の支払いが遅れました。

B2 noun /ˈdiː.fekt/

Defect

欠陥

Meaning

a shortcoming, imperfection, or lack; a fault or flaw in something

Example

The manufacturing defect caused the product to fail after only one week.

製造上の欠陥により、製品はわずか1週間で故障しました。

C2 noun /ˈdɛθsˌhɛd/

deaths-head

髑髏

Meaning

A representation of a human skull, often used as a symbol of death.

Example

The pirate flag was marked with a grim deaths-head.

海賊の旗には恐ろしい髑髏の印がありました。

B2 noun /dɪˈsen.dənt/

Descendant

子孫

Meaning

a person who is descended from a particular ancestor; offspring of a later generation

Example

She discovered that she was a descendant of European royalty through genealogy research.

彼女は系譜研究を通じて、ヨーロッパの王族の子孫であることを発見しました。

C1 verb /ˈdæb.əl/

dabble

軽く取り組む

Meaning

To take part in an activity in a casual or superficial way.

Example

He dabbled in painting during his college days.

彼は大学時代に絵を描くことを楽しんでいた。

B1 noun ˌdemənˈstreɪʃənz

demonstrations

デモンストレーション

Meaning

The action or process of showing the existence or truth of something by giving proof or evidence.

Example

Demonstrations occurred on March 11.

デモンストレーションは3月11日に行われました。

B2 noun /dɪsˈkʌmfərt/

discomfort

不快感

Meaning

A feeling of slight pain, unease, or awkwardness.

Example

She shifted in her chair due to discomfort in her back.

彼女は背中の不快感のために椅子で動きました。

C2 noun /dɪˈklɪvɪti/

declivity

傾斜

Meaning

a downward slope of ground

Example

They carefully climbed down the declivity of the hill.

彼らは慎重に丘の傾斜を登った。

C1 verb /druːp/

droop

垂れる

Meaning

to bend or hang downward; to become weak or tired

Example

The flowers began to droop in the heat.

花は暑さで垂れ始めました。

B1 verb /dɪˈleɪ/

delay

遅延

Meaning

to make something happen later than planned

Example

The flight was delayed due to bad weather.

悪天候のため、飛行機が遅れました。

C2 adjective /ˌdɛbəˈnɛr/

debonair

魅力的

Meaning

confident, stylish, and charming, typically referring to a man

Example

He looked debonair in his tuxedo at the gala.

彼はガラでタキシードを着て魅力的に見えました。

C2 noun /ˈdɪti/

ditty

短い歌

Meaning

a short, simple song or poem

Example

She sang a cheerful little ditty while cooking.

彼女は料理をしながら陽気な小さな歌を歌っていた。

C1 verb /dɪˈfaɪl/

defile

汚す

Meaning

to pollute, corrupt, or make dirty

Example

The river was defiled by industrial waste.

川は工業廃水によって汚された。

C2 adjective /ˈdæpəld/

dappled

斑点模様

Meaning

Marked with spots or patches of light and shade or different colors.

Example

The forest floor was dappled with sunlight.

森の地面は日光で斑点模様ができていた。

A2 noun /dɪˈzaɪnər/

designer

デザイナー

Meaning

a person who plans and creates the form or structure of something

Example

The fashion designer presented her new collection.

ファッションデザイナーは新しいコレクションを発表しました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈskriːt/

discreet

慎重な

Meaning

careful and prudent in one's speech or actions, especially to keep something confidential or avoid embarrassment

Example

She was discreet about the details of their conversation.

彼女は彼らの会話の詳細について慎重でした。

B2 noun /dɪsˈmɪsl̩/

dismissal

解雇, 拒否

Meaning

the act of removing someone from their job; the act of treating something as unimportant

Example

His unfair dismissal led to a lawsuit against the company.

彼の不当な解雇は、会社に対する訴訟を引き起こしました。