C1 noun /ˌdɛtəˈneɪʃən/

detonation

爆発

Meaning

The act of exploding or causing something to explode.

Example

The sudden detonation shook the entire building.

突然の爆発が建物全体を揺さぶった。

B2 noun /ˌdɪsəˈɡriːmənt/

disagreement

不一致

Meaning

a failure to agree or a difference in opinion

Example

Their disagreement on the issue caused a delay in the project.

その問題に対する彼らの不一致はプロジェクトの遅延を引き起こしました。

B2 adjective /ˈslɪp.ər.i/

Slippery

滑りやすい

Meaning

smooth and difficult to hold; causing sliding or slipping

Example

The wet floor was very slippery after cleaning.

清掃後、濡れた床はとても滑りやすかった。

C2 noun /ˈdrɪvəl/

drivel

戯言

Meaning

silly or nonsensical talk

Example

The politician’s speech was full of meaningless drivel.

政治家の演説は意味のない戯言でいっぱいだった。

A2 adverb /ˈsʌd.ən.li/

Suddenly

突然

Meaning

quickly and without warning; unexpectedly

Example

The car suddenly stopped in the middle of the road.

車は突然道路の真ん中で止まりました。

C2 noun /ˈpɒm.əl/

pommel

剣や鞍の取っ手の丸い部分

Meaning

the rounded knob on the handle of a sword or saddle

Example

He gripped the sword firmly by the pommel.

彼は剣のポメルをしっかりと握った。

A1 verb pleɪ

play

役割を果たす

Meaning

To have a role or function in a situation; to contribute to something.

Example

Artemis will play a crucial role in Mars exploration.

アルテミスは火星探査で重要な役割を果たすだろう。

B2 noun /fʌs/

Fuss

騒ぎ; 無駄な心配

Meaning

unnecessary worry or bother about something; agitated excitement over a trivial matter

Example

She made such a fuss about the small stain on her dress that everyone noticed.

彼女はドレスの小さなシミについてそんなに騒いだので、みんなが気づきました。

A2 adjective /ˈsʌðərn/

southern

南の

Meaning

located in or facing the south; southern regions

Example

She moved to a southern city for work.

彼女は仕事のために南の都市に引っ越した。

C1 adjective /əˈθɔːrɪtətɪv/

authoritative

権威的な

Meaning

Having or showing authority; commanding and self-confident; reliable as a source of information.

Example

She spoke in an authoritative tone that silenced the room.

彼女は権威的な口調で話し、部屋を静かにさせた。

B1 noun ˈdɪsɪplɪn

discipline

規律

Meaning

The practice of training people to obey rules or a code of behavior, using punishment to correct disobedience

Example

Discipline helps maintain focus and productivity.

規律は集中力と生産性を維持するのに役立ちます。

C1 noun /ˌaɪ.diˈɒl.ə.dʒi/

ideology

イデオロギー

Meaning

A system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of economic or political theory and policy.

Example

Democracy is based on the ideology of freedom and equality.

民主主義は自由と平等のイデオロギーに基づいています。

B2 noun /əˈstrɒlədʒi/

astrology

占星術

Meaning

the study of the movements and relative positions of celestial bodies interpreted as having an influence on human affairs

Example

She studied astrology to understand her future.

彼女は未来を理解するために占星術を勉強した。

B2 adjective /ˈkæθəlɪk/

catholic

カトリック

Meaning

Including a wide variety; all-embracing; relating to the Roman Catholic Church.

Example

She has catholic tastes in music, enjoying everything from jazz to opera.

彼女は音楽にカトリックな趣味を持っており、ジャズからオペラまで何でも楽しんでいます。

B2 noun /ˈkaʊn.tər/

counter

カウンター

Meaning

a flat surface in a shop, bank, or kitchen where transactions or work are done

Example

The cashier stood behind the counter.

レジ係はカウンターの後ろに立っていました。

B2 noun /veɪl/

Veil

ベール; マスク; 花嫁のベール;

Meaning

a piece of fine material worn to protect or conceal the face; something that conceals or disguises

Example

The bride wore a beautiful white veil during the ceremony.

花嫁は式の間に美しい白いベールを着ていました。

B2 noun /ˈwɒr.i.ər/

Warrior

戦士; 勇敢または経験豊富な戦闘者

Meaning

a person who fights in battles; a brave or experienced fighter

Example

The brave warrior defended his village from the invaders.

勇敢な戦士が侵略者から村を守った。

B2 noun ˌriːfɔːˈreɪʃən

reforestation

再植林

Meaning

The natural or intentional restocking of existing forests and woodlands that have been depleted.

Example

Reforestation efforts are crucial to restoring ecosystems.

再植林の努力は、生態系の回復に重要です。

C1 adjective /ˈprɒdɪɡəl/

prodigal

浪費家

Meaning

spending money or resources freely and recklessly; wastefully extravagant

Example

The prodigal son returned home after wasting his inheritance.

浪費家の息子は、遺産を浪費した後、家に帰りました。

B1 noun /keɪv/

Cave

洞窟; 空間;

Meaning

a large underground chamber in a hill or cliff; a hollow space in rock

Example

The explorers discovered ancient paintings on the cave walls.

探険者は洞窟の壁に古代の絵を発見しました。

C1 verb /daɪˈvɛst/

divest

Meaning

to strip away possessions, rights, or assets; to rid oneself of

Example

The company decided to divest its unprofitable division.

B1 noun /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.ʧər/

Literature

文学

Meaning

written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit; books and writings published on a particular subject

Example

She studied English literature at university.

彼女は大学で英文学を学びました。

C1 adverb /ˈeɪ.mi.ə.bli/

Amiably

友好的に, 親切に

Meaning

in a friendly and pleasant manner

Example

They discussed the issue amiably without any arguments.

彼らは議論を交わすことなく、友好的にその問題を話し合った。

B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zən/

Raisin

レーズン

Meaning

dried grape

Example

She added raisins to the oatmeal cookies for extra sweetness.

彼女はオートミールクッキーに甘さを加えるためにレーズンを加えました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈkɒmpɪtənt/

incompetent

Meaning

Lacking the necessary ability or skills to do something successfully.

Example

He was fired because he was incompetent at his job.

C2 adjective /kəmˈbʌstɪbəl/

combustible

可燃性の

Meaning

Capable of catching fire and burning easily.

Example

Dry leaves are highly combustible.

乾燥した葉は非常に可燃性があります。

C2 verb /əbˈhɔːr/

abhor

嫌悪する

Meaning

to regard with disgust and hatred

Example

She abhors cruelty to animals.

彼女は動物への残酷さを嫌悪しています。

C2 noun /ˈlɔːndrəs/

laundress

ランドレス

Meaning

A woman whose job is washing clothes and linens.

Example

The laundress delivered the freshly cleaned clothes to the household.

ランドレスは新しく洗った衣類を家に届けました。

C1 noun /ˈlɔː.meɪ.kər/

Lawmaker

立法者

Meaning

a person who writes and passes laws, especially a member of a legislative body

Example

The lawmakers voted on the new education bill.

立法者たちは新しい教育法案に投票しました。

C2 noun /pruːd/

prude

過度に慎み深い人

Meaning

A person who is easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity; someone overly modest.

Example

He was called a prude for blushing at the movie scenes.

映画のシーンで顔を赤らめたため、彼はプルードと呼ばれました。

C1 noun /ˈmælədi/

Malady

病気; 疾患; 重大な問題

Meaning

A disease or ailment; a serious problem

Example

The doctor diagnosed a rare malady that affected her nervous system.

医者は神経系に影響を与えた珍しい病気を診断しました。

B1 adjective /ˈɡɔːr.dʒəs/

Gorgeous

非常に美しい; 魅力的; 視覚的に印象的

Meaning

extremely beautiful; attractive; visually stunning

Example

The bride looked absolutely gorgeous.

花嫁は絶対に美しく見えました。

C2 verb /bɪˈfɒɡ/

befog

ぼやけさせる

Meaning

to confuse or make unclear; to cover with fog or mist

Example

His mind was befogged by exhaustion.

彼の心は疲れによってぼやけていた。

B2 noun /səˈplaɪə(r)/

supplier

供給者

Meaning

a person or company that provides goods or services

Example

The supplier delivered the products on time.

供給者は時間通りに商品を納品しました。

B1 verb /kənˈsʌlt/

consult

相談する

Meaning

To seek advice or information from someone with expertise.

Example

You should consult a doctor before starting the treatment.

治療を始める前に、医師に相談するべきです。

B1 noun /seɪk/

Sake

目的; 理由;

Meaning

purpose or reason for doing something; benefit or interest

Example

She worked overtime for the sake of her family's future.

彼女は家族の未来のために残業しました。

B2 verb /ˈbɔɪkɑt/

boycott

ボイコットする

Meaning

to refuse to buy, use, or participate in something as a protest

Example

They decided to boycott the company's products.

彼らは会社の製品をボイコットすることに決めた。

B2 noun /ɒpˈtɪʃən/

optician

眼鏡技師

Meaning

A person who makes or sells glasses and contact lenses.

Example

The optician adjusted my new glasses to fit better.

オプティシャンは私の新しい眼鏡をより良くフィットするように調整しました。

C2 verb /oʊˈpaɪn/

opine

意見を述べる

Meaning

to express an opinion or belief

Example

The professor opined that the policy would fail.

教授はその政策が失敗するだろうと述べました。

B2 noun ˈlaɪf ɪkˌspek.tən.si

life expectancy

平均寿命

Meaning

The average period that a person may expect to live; the length of time for which something is expected to last or to continue being effective.

Example

Life expectancy depends on healthcare quality.

平均寿命は医療の質に依存します。

C2 verb /trænzˈmjuːt/

transmute

変換する

Meaning

to change in form, nature, or substance

Example

Alchemy aimed to transmute lead into gold.

錬金術は鉛を金に変えることを目指していた。

A2 noun /ˈɪʃ.uːz/

issues

問題

Meaning

Important topics or problems for debate or discussion.

Example

Health issues from pollution are increasing.

汚染による健康問題が増加しています。

B1 verb /əˈsoʊsiˌeɪt/

associate

latch

ラッチで閉める

Meaning

to fasten or close something with a latch

Example

She latched the door before leaving the house.

彼女は家を出る前にドアをラッチで閉めた。

C2 noun /kənˈkɔːrdəns/

concordance

一致性

Meaning

Agreement; also an alphabetical index of the principal words in a book.

Example

There is a strong concordance between the two reports.

二つの報告書には強い一致性があります。

C1 noun /brʌnt/

brunt

主な影響

Meaning

the worst part or main impact of something unpleasant

Example

The small town bore the brunt of the storm.

小さな町は嵐の主な影響を受けました。

A2 adjective /ʃɑːrp/

Sharp

鋭い; 強烈な; 突然で強い; 理解が速い

Meaning

having a cutting edge or point; sudden and intense; quick to understand

Example

The knife has a very sharp blade.

ナイフは非常に鋭い刃を持っています。

C2 verb /boʊd/

bode

予兆する

Meaning

to be an omen of a particular outcome, often something bad

Example

The dark clouds bode a heavy storm.

暗い雲は激しい嵐を予兆しています。

C1 verb /ˈbɑːrtər/

barter

Meaning

To exchange goods or services without using money.

Example

They bartered their crops for handmade tools.

A2 adjective /ruːd/

Rude

失礼な; 無礼な; 粗野な; 厳しい

Meaning

impolite; discourteous; lacking civility; rough or harsh in manner

Example

It was rude of him to interrupt the meeting.

会議を中断することは失礼でした。

A2 verb /hʌɡ/

hug

抱きしめる

Meaning

to hold someone tightly in your arms to show affection or comfort

Example

She hugged her friend before leaving for the airport.

彼女は空港に向かう前に友達を抱きしめた。

A2 adjective /maɪld/

mild

穏やか

Meaning

not severe or strong; gentle in nature

Example

The patient had only mild symptoms.

患者には軽い症状だけがありました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈflɛksəbl/

inflexible

柔軟性がない

Meaning

Not able to bend or change; unwilling to change ideas or behavior.

Example

His inflexible attitude made negotiations difficult.

彼の柔軟性がない態度は交渉を難しくしました。

B2 noun /ˈter.ər/

Terror

恐怖; 政治的目的のために暴力と威圧を使用すること

Meaning

extreme fear; the use of violence and intimidation for political aims

Example

The loud explosion filled everyone with terror.

大きな爆発が皆を恐怖で満たした。

A2 verb /əˈraɪv/

arrive

到着する

Meaning

to reach a destination; to come to a place

Example

The train will arrive at the station in ten minutes.

電車は10分以内に駅に到着します。

B2 verb /rɪˈzɛnt/

resent

恨む

Meaning

to feel bitterness or displeasure about something or someone

Example

She began to resent the constant criticism from her boss.

彼女は上司からの絶え間ない批判をリゼントし始めました。

B2 adjective /ˈtrædʒɪk/

Tragic

悲劇的な

Meaning

very sad; involving death or extreme suffering

Example

The plane crash was a tragic accident.

飛行機事故は悲劇的な事故でした。

B1 verb /ˌrɛprɪˈzɛnt/

represent

代表する

Meaning

to act or speak on behalf of someone or something

Example

He will represent our company at the conference.

彼は会議で私たちの会社を代表します。

C2 verb /rɪˈkwaɪt/

requite

返す

Meaning

to return or repay a favor, service, or feeling

Example

She requited his kindness with a thoughtful gift.

彼女は彼の親切に思慮深い贈り物で報いました。

B1 adjective /ˈɪnəsənt/

Innocent

無実の; 純粋な; 無害な

Meaning

free from guilt or sin; pure; harmless; naive

Example

The innocent child had no idea that her parents were planning a surprise party.

その無実の子供は、両親がサプライズパーティーを計画していることを知りませんでした。

C1 noun /ˈpærəˌlɛlɪzəm/

parallelism

平行主義

Meaning

The state of being parallel or similar; in literature, the use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same or similar in construction.

Example

The writer used parallelism to give rhythm to his prose.

作家は自分の文章にリズムを与えるために平行主義を使用しました。

C1 noun ˈɛksəʊˌplænɪt

exoplanet

太陽系外の星の周りを回る惑星

Meaning

A planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.

Example

Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets in the last decade.

天文学者たちは、過去10年間で何千ものエクソプラネットを発見しました。

C2 noun /kənˌɡlɒməˈreɪʃən/

conglomeration

集合体

Meaning

A collection or mixture of different things grouped together.

Example

The market is a conglomeration of small shops and food stalls.

市場は小さな店と食べ物の屋台の集合体です。

C1 noun ˌnɒn.kəʊˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən

non-cooperation

非協力

Meaning

The practice of refusing to cooperate, especially as a form of protest.

Example

The non-cooperation movement gained momentum.

非協力運動は勢いを得た。

C1 adjective /ˈbɔɪənt/ or /ˈbuːjənt/

buoyant

浮力のある、元気な

Meaning

Able to float easily; cheerful and optimistic.

Example

She remained buoyant despite the difficulties.

彼女は困難にもかかわらず前向きで元気でした。

C1 noun /ˈtiːdiəm/

tedium

退屈

Meaning

the state of being tedious; monotony or boredom

Example

The tedium of long meetings often drains motivation.

長時間の会議の退屈さはしばしばモチベーションを奪います。

C2 noun /ˌrɛtəˈrɪʃən/

rhetorician

雄弁家

Meaning

A person who is skilled in the art of rhetoric or persuasive speaking/writing.

Example

The rhetorician captivated the audience with his eloquence.

雄弁家はその雄弁さで聴衆を魅了しました。

C2 adjective /ˈlɛtʃ.ər.əs/

lecherous

好色

Meaning

having or showing excessive or offensive sexual desire

Example

The character was portrayed as a lecherous old man.

そのキャラクターは好色な老人として描かれました。

B1 adjective /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

significant

重要な

Meaning

Sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention; noteworthy.

Example

Social media has a significant impact on relationships.

ソーシャルメディアは人間関係に重要な影響を与えています。

C1 noun /ˈmɒŋ.ɡuːs/

Mongoose

マングース

Meaning

a small carnivorous mammal known for its ability to kill venomous snakes

Example

The mongoose quickly attacked the cobra to protect its young.

マングースは子供たちを守るためにコブラを素早く攻撃しました。

B2 noun /ˈɪɡ.nər.əns/

Ignorance

無知

Meaning

lack of knowledge or information; the state of being uninformed about something

Example

His ignorance about basic computer skills made it difficult for him to find a job.

基本的なコンピュータースキルに関する彼の無知は、彼が仕事を見つけるのを難しくしました。

A2 noun /ˈhɛdeɪk/

headache

頭痛

Meaning

a continuous pain in the head; something that causes worry or difficulty

Example

Too much screen time can give you a terrible headache.

長時間画面を見ることはひどい頭痛を引き起こす可能性があります。

C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛkərd/

chequered

チェッカード

Meaning

Having a pattern of squares, or marked by varied and contrasting experiences or periods.

Example

He had a chequered career with both great successes and failures.

彼は大きな成功と失敗を経験したチェッカードなキャリアを持っていた。

C2 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈməʊ.ni.əs/

ceremonious

儀式的で礼儀正しい

Meaning

marked by formality, politeness, or strict observance of customs

Example

He gave her a ceremonious bow before entering the hall.

彼はホールに入る前に儀式的なお辞儀をしました。

C2 noun dʒɛsˌtɪk.jʊˈleɪ.ʃənz

gesticulations

ジェスチキュレーション

Meaning

Expressive hand or body movements while speaking to convey thoughts or emotions

Example

His energetic gesticulations made the speech more engaging.

彼のエネルギッシュなジェスチキュレーションズは、スピーチをさらに魅力的にしました。

C2 adverb, noun /ˈwɛə.wɪð/

wherewith

手段

Meaning

With which; the means or resources needed for something.

Example

He lacked the money wherewith to buy a new house.

彼は新しい家を買うためのお金がなかった。

C2 adjective /ɪˈnjʊərd/

inured

慣れた

Meaning

Accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.

Example

After years of hardship, she was inured to suffering.

長年の苦しみの後、彼女は苦しみに慣れていた。

B2 adjective /ˈtiːdiəs/

Tedious

退屈な; 面倒な

Meaning

tiresome because of length or dullness; boring and monotonous

Example

The lecture was so tedious that many students fell asleep.

その講義はとても退屈で、多くの学生が眠ってしまいました。

C1 verb /ˈæk.lɪ.meɪt/

acclimate

順応する

Meaning

To adapt or become accustomed to a new environment or situation

Example

It takes time to acclimate to a new climate.

新しい気候に順応するには時間がかかります。

B1 adjective /ˈdefɪnət/

Definite

明確な; はっきりした; 特定の

Meaning

clearly stated or decided; not vague or uncertain; specific

Example

We need a definite answer by tomorrow.

私たちは明日までに明確な答えが必要です。

B1 verb /sɪˈlekt/

select

選ぶ

Meaning

to choose from a number of alternatives; to pick out

Example

Please select your favorite color.

お気に入りの色を選んでください。

C2 adjective /rɪˈsplɛndənt/

resplendent

輝かしい

Meaning

Shining brilliantly; dazzling in appearance or effect

Example

The bride looked resplendent in her wedding gown.

花嫁はウェディングドレスで輝いて見えました。

C2 adverb /ˈvɛrɪli/

verily

本当に

Meaning

truly; certainly; without a doubt

Example

Verily, I say unto you, this is the truth.

本当に、私はあなたに言います、これが真実です。

B2 noun /səkˈsɛʃ.ən/

succession

生態遷移

Meaning

The process of ecological change in which one community of organisms is gradually replaced by another.

Example

Forest succession occurs when old ecosystems are replaced by new ones.

森林の遷移は、古い生態系が新しい生態系に置き換えられるときに発生します。

C2 noun /ˈræp.aɪn/

rapine

略奪

Meaning

the violent seizure of someone's property

Example

The war was marked by rapine and destruction.

戦争は略奪と破壊で特徴づけられていた。

B1 adjective /ˈmɑːrvələs/

Marvellous

素晴らしい; 驚くべき; 素晴らしい

Meaning

extremely good; wonderful; causing great wonder

Example

The view from the mountain was marvellous.

山からの景色は素晴らしかった。

C1 noun /ˈfɔːrdʒəri/

forgery

偽造

Meaning

the crime of making fake documents, money, or artworks

Example

The bank detected a forgery in the signature on the cheque.

銀行は小切手の署名に偽造を発見しました。

A1 adverb /ˈmeɪbi/

maybe

たぶん

Meaning

used to express possibility or uncertainty

Example

Maybe we will go to the park tomorrow.

たぶん明日公園に行くでしょう。

B1 noun /ˈproʊɡræmɪŋ/

programing

プログラミング

Meaning

the process of writing computer code to create software or applications

Example

He spends most of his time learning computer programming.

彼はコンピュータープログラミングを学ぶのにほとんどの時間を費やしています。

B1 noun, verb /flæɡ/

flag

Meaning

a piece of fabric with a symbol or colors; or to mark or signal attention

Example

They raised the national flag during the ceremony.

C2 adjective /bɪˈnaɪtɪd/

benighted

暗い、無知な

Meaning

In a state of intellectual or moral ignorance; overtaken by darkness.

Example

The explorers were lost in the benighted forest without any guide.

探検家たちはガイドなしで暗い森の中で迷子になった。

B1 noun /ˈslɪpər/

Slipper

スリッパ

Meaning

light, comfortable shoe without a back, worn indoors

Example

She put on her slippers before walking around the house.

家の中を歩く前にスリッパを履きました。

C1 noun /ʃəˈmiːz/

Chemise

シェミーズ

Meaning

a woman's loose-fitting undergarment or dress hanging straight from the shoulders

Example

The vintage chemise was made of delicate lace and silk.

ヴィンテージのシェミーズは、繊細なレースとシルクで作られていました。

C1 noun /ˈæb.stɪ.nəns/

abstinence

禁欲、節制

Meaning

the practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically alcohol or sex

Example

His doctor advised abstinence from alcohol for better health.

彼の医者は健康のためにアルコールを控えるように助言しました。

B2 adverb /ˈəʊvəli/

overly

過度に

Meaning

to an excessive degree or extent

Example

She was overly concerned about the results.

彼女は結果について過度に心配していた。

C2 noun /ɪˈfluːviəm/

effluvium

不快な臭い

Meaning

an unpleasant or harmful odor, secretion, or discharge

Example

The effluvium from the factory spread across the neighborhood.

工場からの不快な臭いが近隣一帯に広がった。

C1 noun /ˈdʒʌɡ.lər/

Juggler

ジャグラー

Meaning

a person who skillfully throws and catches objects as entertainment

Example

The juggler entertained the crowd with his amazing ball tricks.

ジャグラーは彼の見事なボールさばきで観客を楽しませた。

A2 adjective /ʌnˈtaɪdi/

Untidy

散らかった; 無秩序な;

Meaning

not neat or orderly; messy and disorganized

Example

Her untidy room was filled with clothes scattered everywhere.

彼女の散らかった部屋は、どこにでも散らばった服でいっぱいでした。

C2 verb /dɪˈbɑːrk/

debark

下船する

Meaning

to disembark or get off a ship, aircraft, or vehicle

Example

The passengers debarked as soon as the ship docked.

乗客は船がドックに着いたときに下船しました。

C1 noun /ˈɡrɪd.lɒk/

gridlock

完全な交通渋滞または停止状態

Meaning

Complete traffic jam or standstill condition where vehicles cannot move.

Example

A major accident led to gridlock in the city center.

重大な事故が原因で市内中心部で渋滞が発生した。

C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

優遇

Meaning

showing or giving advantage to one over others

Example

Members receive preferential treatment at the club.

メンバーはクラブで優遇されます。

A2 noun /ˈpʌp.i/

Puppy

子犬

Meaning

a young dog

Example

The puppy wagged its tail when it saw its owner.

子犬は尾を振った、飼い主を見たとき。

C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪkəl/

dialectical

弁証法的

Meaning

Relating to the logical discussion of ideas and opinions.

Example

She took a dialectical approach to solve the complex issue.

彼女は複雑な問題を解決するために弁証法的なアプローチを取りました。

C2 noun /ˈprɑːflɪɡəsi/

profligacy

浪費

Meaning

reckless wastefulness or extravagance

Example

His profligacy with money led him to bankruptcy.

彼の浪費は彼を破産させました。

C2 noun /skʌlˈdʌɡəri/

skulduggery

不正行為

Meaning

underhanded or dishonest behavior

Example

The politician was accused of financial skulduggery.

その政治家は金融詐欺で告発された。

C2 adjective /ˈkɑːrpɪŋ/

carping

愚痴

Meaning

continually complaining or finding fault in a petty way

Example

His carping attitude makes teamwork difficult.

彼の愚痴っぽい態度はチームワークを難しくします。

A2 verb /rɪˈdjuːs/

reduce

減らす

Meaning

to make smaller in size, amount, or degree; to decrease

Example

We need to reduce our expenses this month.

今月は支出を減らす必要があります。

C2 noun /ˈbɑːr.kəˌroʊl/

barcarole

バルカロール

Meaning

a traditional Venetian boat song, often in 6/8 time

Example

The orchestra played a beautiful barcarole that reminded me of Venice.

オーケストラは美しいバルカロールを演奏し、私にヴェネツィアを思い出させました。

C1 verb /tiːm/

teem

溢れる

Meaning

to be full of or swarming with

Example

The forest teems with wildlife.

森は動物で溢れている。

B2 noun /əˈbɔːrʃən/

abortion

Meaning

The deliberate termination of a human pregnancy, usually performed during the first 28 weeks.

Example

The debate about abortion continues to divide public opinion.

C2 adjective /əˈpɜːrtənənt/

appurtenant

附属

Meaning

Belonging to or associated with something, often used in legal/property contexts.

Example

The right of way is appurtenant to the landowner’s property.

通行権は土地所有者の財産に付随しています。

C1 adjective /tɛkˈtɑː.nɪk/

tectonic

構造的

Meaning

Relating to the structure of the earth's crust and the large-scale processes that take place within it.

Example

Tectonic movements cause earthquakes and mountain formation.

テクトニック運動は地震や山の形成を引き起こします。

C2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈsɛl.jʊ.lər/

intracellular

細胞内

Meaning

Located or occurring within a cell.

Example

The drug works by targeting intracellular bacteria.

薬は細胞内の細菌をターゲットにして作用します。

B2 noun /ɪnˈvɒlvmənt/

involvement

関与

Meaning

the act of taking part in something

Example

His involvement in the project was crucial.

彼のプロジェクトへの関与は重要だった。

B1 adjective /ˈrel.ə.vənt/

Relevant

introduction

紹介

Meaning

the action of introducing something or someone; an opening or beginning part

Example

The professor gave a brief introduction before starting the lecture.

教授は講義を始める前に簡単なイントロダクションをしました。

A1 pronoun /huː/

who

誰

Meaning

used to ask about a person or people

Example

Who is coming to the party tonight?

今晩パーティーに誰が来ますか？

B2 adjective /ˈreɪsɪst/

racist

人種差別主義者

Meaning

showing or feeling discrimination or prejudice against people of other races

Example

He was accused of making racist comments.

彼は人種差別的なコメントをしたとして非難された。

B1 noun /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

district

地区

Meaning

a specific area of a country, city, or town, often with official boundaries

Example

She lives in the northern district of the city.

彼女は街の北地区に住んでいます。

A2 noun /ˈfɪʃ.ər.mən/

Fisherman

漁師

Meaning

a person who catches fish as a job or hobby

Example

The fisherman caught three large fish in the river today.

漁師は今日、川で大きな魚を三匹捕まえました。

C1 noun /ɪnˌkɑːsəˈreɪʃən/

incarceration

投獄

Meaning

the state of being imprisoned or confined

Example

The criminal faced years of incarceration for his crimes.

犯人はその犯罪のために長年の投獄を受けた。