C1 verb /dɪˈɡreɪd/

degrade

Meaning

To lower in dignity, quality, or value; to treat with disrespect or to deteriorate.

Example

Harsh words can degrade a person's confidence.

C2 noun /dɪˈdʒɛnərəsi/

degeneracy

退化

Meaning

The state of decline or deterioration, often in moral, cultural, or physical qualities.

Example

The novel portrays the moral degeneracy of a corrupt society.

その小説は腐敗した社会の道徳的退化を描いています。

B2 noun /dɪsˈtrɛs/

distress

苦痛

Meaning

extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain

Example

He felt a deep sense of distress when he heard the bad news.

悪い知らせを聞いたとき、彼は深い苦痛を感じました。

B2 noun /dɪˈpen.dənt/

Dependent

依存している; 扶養されている

Meaning

a person who relies on another for financial support; someone who depends on others

Example

As a tax dependent, she could not file her own tax return separately.

税金の扶養控除対象者として、彼女は自分の税務申告を別々に提出することができませんでした。

C2 verb /dʌn/

dun

借金を取り立てる

Meaning

to demand payment of a debt persistently

Example

The landlord dunned the tenant for unpaid rent.

家主は未払いの家賃のためにテナントに何度も支払いを求めました。

C2 noun /ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃən/

delectation

喜び

Meaning

great pleasure or delight

Example

She read the story aloud for the delectation of her friends.

彼女は友達の喜びのために物語を大声で読みました。

B1 verb /dɪp/

dip

浸す

Meaning

to put something quickly into a liquid and take it out again

Example

She dipped her bread into the soup.

彼女はパンをスープに浸しました。

A1 noun/verb /deɪt/

date

Meaning

A particular day of the month or year; also, a social or romantic appointment.

Example

They decided to meet on the date of her birthday.

B2 noun /dɪˈsɛnt/

descent

降下 / 祖先

Meaning

the action of moving downward, falling, or dropping; ancestry or origin

Example

The climbers began their descent from the mountain peak.

登山者は山頂から降下を始めました。

C2 noun /ˈdɛswɪˌtuːd/

desuetude

廃止

Meaning

a state of disuse or inactivity

Example

The old law has fallen into desuetude.

古い法律は廃止されました。

B2 noun ˈdevəsteɪtɪŋ ˈkɒnsɪkwənsɪz

devastating consequences

壊滅的な結果

Meaning

Extremely harmful or destructive results or effects

Example

Air pollution has devastating consequences for health.

大気汚染は健康に壊滅的な結果をもたらす。

C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanour

態度

Meaning

a person's outward behavior or appearance

Example

Her calm demeanour impressed everyone during the meeting.

会議中、彼女の落ち着いた態度は皆に印象を与えました。

C2 noun /ˌdɪskwɪˈzɪʃən/

disquisition

論文

Meaning

A long or elaborate discussion or written essay on a particular subject.

Example

The professor gave a lengthy disquisition on ancient philosophy.

教授は古代哲学についての長い論文を発表しました。

C1 verb /dɪˈspɛns/

dispense

配布する

Meaning

To distribute or provide something, especially in portions.

Example

The machine dispenses clean drinking water.

その機械は清潔な飲料水を供給します。

B2 verb /drɪp/

drip

滴る

Meaning

to fall or let fall in drops

Example

Water was dripping from the broken pipe.

壊れたパイプから水が滴っていました。

B2 noun /ˈdɛltə/

delta

デルタ

Meaning

A landform at the mouth of a river where it splits into several outlets.

Example

The Nile Delta is one of the most fertile regions in Egypt.

ナイル川デルタはエジプトで最も肥沃な地域の1つです。

C2 noun /dɪsˈkwaɪɪtjuːd/

disquietude

Meaning

A state of uneasiness, anxiety, or restlessness.

Example

His constant pacing showed his inner disquietude.

C2 noun /ˌdaɪ.jʊˈret.ɪk/

diuretic

利尿剤

Meaning

A substance that promotes the production of urine.

Example

Coffee has a mild diuretic effect.

コーヒーは軽い利尿作用があります。

B2 verb/noun /ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrd/

disregard

軽蔑

Meaning

To ignore something; lack of consideration or respect for something.

Example

He disregarded the warning signs and kept driving.

彼は警告のサインを無視して運転し続けました。

B1 adjective /ˈdefɪnət/

Definite

明確な; はっきりした; 特定の

Meaning

clearly stated or decided; not vague or uncertain; specific

Example

We need a definite answer by tomorrow.

私たちは明日までに明確な答えが必要です。

C2 adjective /dɛˈspɒtɪk/

despotic

専制的な

Meaning

exercising power in a cruel, oppressive, or authoritarian way

Example

The king’s despotic rule left the people in misery.

王の専制的な支配は人々を苦しめた。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪsənənt/

dissonant

不協和音

Meaning

Harsh and lacking harmony; conflicting.

Example

The orchestra produced a dissonant sound during rehearsal.

オーケストラはリハーサル中に不協和音を発生させました。

C1 adjective /ˈdjuːtɪfəl/

Dutiful

義務感のある; 尊敬すべき; 従順な

Meaning

conscientiously fulfilling one's duty; obedient; respectful

Example

She is a dutiful daughter who always helps her parents.

彼女はいつも両親を助ける義務感のある娘です。

C2 adjective /daɪˈɡrɛsɪv/

digressive

主題から外れる傾向

Meaning

Tending to depart from the main subject in speech or writing.

Example

The speaker's digressive style made the lecture difficult to follow.

話者のダイグレッシブなスタイルは講義を追いかけるのを難しくした。

C2 adjective /djuːˈplɪsɪtəs/

duplicitous

裏表のある

Meaning

Deceitful; deliberately deceptive or dishonest.

Example

The politician was criticized for his duplicitous statements.

その政治家は裏表のある発言で批判された。

B2 noun /ˈdrʌm.stɪk/

Drumstick

モリンガのさや

Meaning

long green pod vegetable from moringa tree; nutritious vegetable used in curries

Example

The drumstick adds a unique flavor to the traditional fish curry.

ドラムスティックは伝統的な魚カレーに独特な風味を加えます。

C1 noun /ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtər/

demonstrator

デモンストレーター, 抗議者

Meaning

a person who shows how something works or takes part in a public protest

Example

The demonstrators marched peacefully through the city streets.

デモ参加者は平和的に街の通りを行進しました。

B2 verb /dɪˈspoʊz/

dispose

処分する

Meaning

To get rid of something, or to arrange or incline towards something.

Example

He disposed of the old furniture responsibly.

彼は古い家具を責任を持って処分しました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈfʌŋkt/

defunct

営業停止、廃止

Meaning

No longer existing, operating, or functioning.

Example

The company became defunct after the financial crisis.

その会社は金融危機の後で廃業しました。

B2 adjective /dɪˈtætʃt/

detached

分離された, 無関心な

Meaning

separate or disconnected; showing a lack of emotional involvement

Example

He lived in a detached house away from the city.

彼は都市から離れた分離された家に住んでいました。

C1 verb /diːˈkoʊd/

decode

Meaning

to convert a coded message into a readable form; to interpret meaning

Example

The software can decode the hidden message within seconds.

C1 noun /dɪˌsem.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

dissemination

拡散

Meaning

The action or fact of spreading something, especially information, widely.

Example

The dissemination of false information is a major issue.

偽の情報の拡散は大きな問題です。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪlətɔːri/

dilatory

遅延の

Meaning

Tending to cause delay; slow to act.

Example

The committee was criticized for its dilatory response to the crisis.

委員会は危機に対するその遅延反応で批判されました。

B2 noun /ˌdɒkjʊmɛnˈteɪʃən/

documentation

ドキュメンテーション

Meaning

material that provides official information or evidence

Example

The documentation for the project is available for review.

プロジェクトのドキュメンテーションはレビューのために利用可能です。

C2 adjective /ˌdɪspjuːˈteɪʃəs/

disputatious

議論好きな

Meaning

fond of or given to argument and debate

Example

His disputatious nature often led to heated conversations.

彼の議論好きな性格は、しばしば熱い議論を引き起こす。

C1 noun /daɪˈvɜː.dʒəns/

divergence

分岐

Meaning

The process or state of diverging; a difference or deviation between two or more things.

Example

The divergence in their opinions led to a heated debate.

彼らの意見の相違は激しい議論を引き起こしました。

C1 verb /dɪˈsɛm.ɪ.neɪt/

disseminate

普及する

Meaning

To spread or give out something, especially news, information, ideas, etc., to a lot of people.

Example

Social media helps to disseminate information quickly.

ソーシャルメディアは情報を迅速に普及するのに役立ちます。

C1 adjective /ˈdɪzməl/

Dismal

陰気な; 落ち込んだ; 悲しい

Meaning

gloomy; depressing; causing sadness or despair

Example

The weather was dismal with heavy rain and dark clouds.

天気は雨と暗い雲で陰気でした。

C1 adjective /dɪˈɡreɪdɪd/

degraded

劣化した

Meaning

Reduced in quality, dignity, or condition.

Example

The villagers were forced to live in degraded conditions.

村人たちは劣化した状態で暮らさざるを得なかった。

C1 verb /dɪˈdjuːs/

deduce

推測する

Meaning

to reach a conclusion by reasoning or inference

Example

From the evidence, the detective deduced that the suspect was lying.

証拠から、探偵は容疑者が嘘をついていることを推測しました。

B2 noun /daɪm/

dime

10セント硬貨

Meaning

a small coin, especially a U.S. coin worth ten cents

Example

He gave me a dime for the phone call.

電話のためにダイムを一枚くれました。

C2 verb /dɒf/

doff

帽子を脱ぐ（敬意の印として）

Meaning

to take off an item of clothing, especially a hat, as a sign of respect

Example

He doffed his hat as the procession passed.

彼は行列が通り過ぎるときに帽子を脱いだ。

B2 noun /dɪˈstɜː.bəns/

Disturbance

騒乱; 邪魔; 不安

Meaning

the interruption of a settled and peaceful condition; anxiety or mental uneasiness

Example

The loud music created a disturbance that bothered all the neighbors.

大きな音楽は、すべての隣人を困らせた騒乱を引き起こしました。

C1 verb /dɪˈpriːʃieɪt/

depreciate

価値が下がる

Meaning

to reduce in value over time

Example

Cars tend to depreciate quickly in their first few years.

車は最初の数年間で急速に価値が下がる傾向があります。

C1 noun /djuːˈɛt/

duet

デュエット

Meaning

a musical performance by two singers or instrumentalists

Example

They sang a beautiful duet together on stage.

彼らはステージで一緒に美しいデュエットを歌った。

C1 adjective /dɪsˈrɛpjətəbl̩/

disreputable

不名誉な

Meaning

having a bad reputation; not considered respectable or trustworthy

Example

The journalist avoided staying in the disreputable part of town.

ジャーナリストは町の不名誉な地区に泊まるのを避けました。

C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

脱感作

Meaning

To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.

Example

Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.

継続的な暴力の露出は人々を鈍感にする可能性があります。

B2 verb /dɪˈsiːv/

deceive

騙す

Meaning

To cause someone to believe something that is not true.

Example

He tried to deceive his friends with a fake story.

彼は嘘の話で友達を騙そうとした。

B1 noun /ˈdɛdˌlaɪnz/

deadlines

締め切り

Meaning

The latest time or date by which something should be completed.

Example

Setting deadlines helps finish tasks.

締め切りを設定することでタスクを終わらせるのに役立ちます。

C2 adjective /dɪˈtɜːrmɪnət/

determinate

確定的

Meaning

having exact and definite limits or form

Example

The contract is for a determinate period of two years.

契約は2年間の確定した期間です。

C2 adjective /ˌdɒktrɪˈnɛər/

doctrinaire

教条主義者

Meaning

stubbornly devoted to a theory or doctrine without regard to practical considerations

Example

His doctrinaire approach to politics alienated many supporters.

彼の教条主義的な政治アプローチは、多くの支持者を遠ざけた。

B2 adjective /dæmp/

damp

湿った

Meaning

slightly wet, often in an unpleasant way

Example

The room felt cold and damp after the rain.

雨の後、部屋は冷たくて湿っていると感じました。

C1 verb /dɪsˈtrʌst/

distrust

不信

Meaning

to have no confidence or trust in someone or something

Example

Many people distrust politicians.

多くの人々は政治家を信用しません。

C1 noun /ˈdjuːplɛks/

duplex

デュプレックスハウス

Meaning

A house or apartment divided into two separate residences.

Example

They live in a duplex near the city center.

彼らは市の中心近くのデュプレックスに住んでいます。

C1 verb /doʊt/

dote

溺愛する

Meaning

to show excessive love or fondness for someone or something

Example

She tends to dote on her grandchildren.

彼女は孫たちに溺愛する傾向があります。

C2 noun /dɪˈsɛnʃən/

dissension

意見の相違

Meaning

Strong disagreement or difference of opinion, especially leading to discord within a group.

Example

The meeting ended in dissension among the committee members.

会議は委員会メンバー間の意見の相違で終了しました。

A2 noun /ˈdeɪ.tə/

Data

データ

Meaning

facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis; information in digital form

Example

Scientists analyzed the data from thousands of experiments to reach their conclusion.

科学者たちは、何千もの実験から得られたデータを分析して、結論に達しました。

B2 verb /dɪsˈeɪbl/

disable

無効にする

Meaning

to make something unable to function or operate

Example

The technician disabled the alarm system temporarily.

技術者はアラームシステムを一時的に無効にしました。

C1 adjective /ˈdɪn.dʒi/

Dingy

汚れていて暗い; 色が鈍い

Meaning

dark and dirty; gloomy; dull in color

Example

The old building had dingy walls that needed painting.

古い建物は、塗装が必要な汚れた壁を持っていた。

B2 adjective /dɪsˈɡreɪsfəl/

Disgraceful

恥ずべき; 不名誉な; 非難に値する

Meaning

shameful; bringing dishonor; worthy of condemnation

Example

His disgraceful behavior shocked everyone at the party.

彼の恥ずべき行動はパーティーでみんなを驚かせました。

B2 noun/verb /dɪˈvɔːrs/

divorce

離婚

Meaning

the legal ending of a marriage; to officially end a marriage

Example

After years of conflict, they decided to get a divorce.

数年の対立の後、彼らは離婚することを決めました。

C2 verb /dɪˈsɛvər/

dissever

分ける

Meaning

To separate or cut apart.

Example

The treaty sought to dissever the two hostile regions.

条約は二つの敵対的な地域を分割しようとした。

C1 noun /draɪ fɪʃ/

Dry fish

干物

Meaning

fish that has been preserved by drying in the sun or by other dehydration methods

Example

Dry fish is a popular preserved food in many coastal regions.

干物は多くの沿岸地域で人気のある保存食です。

C1 noun /dɪˈkɔː.rəm/

Decorum

礼儀; 品位; 威厳

Meaning

behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety; dignified and appropriate conduct

Example

The diplomat maintained perfect decorum throughout the heated negotiations.

その外交官は熱心な交渉の中で完璧な礼儀を保っていました。

A2 noun /ˈdaɪət/

diet

ダイエット

Meaning

the kinds of food that a person usually eats

Example

He follows a strict vegetarian diet.

彼は厳格なベジタリアンダイエットを実践しています。

C1 adjective deft

deft

器用

Meaning

Neatly skillful and quick in one's movements; dexterous and adroit.

Example

The artist's deft hands created a masterpiece.

アーティストの器用な手は傑作を作り出しました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnəbl/

discernible

明白な

Meaning

able to be seen, recognized, or understood

Example

There was a discernible change in his behavior.

彼の行動には明らかな変化があった。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪsəluːt/

dissolute

放蕩

Meaning

lacking moral restraint; indulging excessively in sensual pleasures

Example

He led a dissolute life filled with parties and gambling.

彼はパーティーとギャンブルで満ちた放蕩の生活を送った。

C2 noun /dɪˈfoʊliənt/

defoliant

Meaning

a chemical that causes leaves to drop from plants, often used in warfare or agriculture

Example

The army sprayed defoliant to clear the forest cover.

C2 adjective /dɪˈklæməˌtɔri/

declamatory

力強い演説スタイル

Meaning

speaking in a loud, rhetorical, or dramatic way

Example

The politician’s declamatory style impressed some but irritated others.

その政治家の力強い演説スタイルは一部の人々に感銘を与えたが、他の人々には不快感を与えた。

C2 verb /diːˈmæɡnɪtaɪz/

demagnetize

デマグネタイズ

Meaning

To remove or reduce the magnetic properties of something.

Example

The technician demagnetized the old cassette tape.

技術者は古いカセットテープの磁気を取り除いた。

C2 verb /dɪsˈbɑːr/

disbar

弁護士を法曹界から正式に除外する

Meaning

to officially remove a lawyer from the legal profession

Example

The corrupt lawyer was disbarred for unethical conduct.

腐敗した弁護士は非倫理的な行動により除外されました。

C1 noun dɪˌzɝː.t̬ə.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

desertification

砂漠化

Meaning

The process by which fertile land becomes desert, typically as a result of drought, deforestation, or inappropriate agriculture.

Example

Deforestation accelerates desertification.

森林伐採は砂漠化を加速させます。

C2 verb /dɪˈstreɪn/

distrain

差し押さえる

Meaning

to seize someone's property in order to obtain payment of rent or other money owed

Example

The landlord distrained the tenant's furniture for unpaid rent.

家主は未払いの家賃のために借家人の家具を差し押さえました。

B1 adjective /def/

Deaf

耳が聞こえない; 聴覚障害がある

Meaning

unable to hear; having a hearing impairment

Example

The deaf child learned to communicate using sign language.

そのろうの子供は手話を使ってコミュニケーションを学びました。

B2 adjective /ˈdred.fəl/

Dreadful

恐ろしい; 恐怖を引き起こす; 恐ろしい

Meaning

extremely bad or unpleasant; causing fear or suffering; terrible

Example

The weather was dreadful during our vacation.

私たちの休暇中、天気は恐ろしかった。

C2 noun /dɛnˈdrɒlədʒi/

dendrology

Meaning

the scientific study of trees and woody plants

Example

He is studying dendrology at the university.

C2 noun /ˌdeɪnuːˈmɒ̃/

denouement

結末

Meaning

The final resolution or conclusion of a story, drama, or complicated situation.

Example

The novel's denouement was both surprising and satisfying.

その小説の結末は驚くべきものであり、満足のいくものでした。

B1 adjective /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/

delighted

喜んで

Meaning

feeling or showing great pleasure and happiness

Example

She was delighted with the surprise gift.

彼女はサプライズギフトにとても喜んでいました。

C1 noun /djuːn/

dune

砂丘

Meaning

A hill or ridge of sand formed by the wind, usually found in deserts or near beaches.

Example

The children played on the sand dune by the beach.

子供たちはビーチの砂丘で遊んでいました。

C1 verb dɪˈsɜːn

discern

識別する

Meaning

To perceive or recognize something; to distinguish with difficulty by sight or with the other senses.

Example

He could barely discern the distant figure in the fog.

彼は霧の中で遠くの姿をほとんど識別できなかった。

B2 adjective /daɪˈnæm.ɪk/

dynamic

ダイナミック

Meaning

Characterized by constant change, activity, or progress.

Example

Life flows in a dynamic stream.

人生はダイナミックな流れの中で流れています。

C1 verb /daɪˈvɛst/

divest

Meaning

to strip away possessions, rights, or assets; to rid oneself of

Example

The company decided to divest its unprofitable division.

C1 verb /dɪˈflɛkt/

deflect

反らす / 避ける

Meaning

to cause something to change direction; to avoid answering directly

Example

The shield deflected the incoming arrow.

盾は飛んできた矢を反らした。

A1 noun /dɔːɡ/

Dog

犬

Meaning

a domesticated carnivorous mammal that is typically kept as a pet or for work

Example

The loyal dog waited patiently for its owner to return home.

忠実な犬は、主人が家に帰るのを辛抱強く待っていました。

C1 noun /dɪˈstɔːrʃən/

distortion

歪曲、誤った提示

Meaning

the action of twisting, changing, or misrepresenting the shape, sound, or truth of something

Example

There was a distortion in the radio signal.

ラジオ信号に歪曲がありました。

B2 noun /ˈdoʊnər/

donor

ドナー

Meaning

A person who gives something, especially to a charity or cause.

Example

The donor contributed generously to the hospital’s new wing.

ドナーは病院の新しい翼に寛大に寄付しました。

C2 noun /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪk/

dialectic

Meaning

A method of argument or reasoning by dialogue, especially as a means of investigating truth.

Example

The philosopher used dialectic to challenge his students' assumptions.

C2 verb /dɪsˈɡɔːrdʒ/

disgorge

嘔吐, 排出

Meaning

to discharge or pour out; to vomit; to give up reluctantly

Example

The broken pipe disgorged water all over the floor.

壊れたパイプが床全体に水を吐き出しました。

B1 noun/verb /ˈdɒkjʊmənt/

document

文書

Meaning

Noun: A written, printed, or electronic record that provides information or evidence. Verb: To record information in written or electronic form.

Example

She carefully documented all the expenses of the trip.

彼女は旅行のすべての費用を慎重にドキュメントした。

B2 noun /dɪˈrɛktəri/

Duly

適切に, 時間通りに

Meaning

in accordance with what is required or appropriate; at the proper time

Example

The documents were duly signed and submitted.

書類は適切に署名され、提出されました。

B2 noun ˈdɒmɪnəns

dominance

支配

Meaning

Power and influence over others; control or command.

Example

The dominance of Urdu was evident.

ウルドゥ語の支配は明らかだった。

C2 verb /ˌdɪskəˈmoʊd/

discommode

邪魔する

Meaning

To cause inconvenience or trouble to someone.

Example

I hope my request does not discommode you.

私のリクエストがあなたに不便をかけないことを願っています。

B2 noun /dɪˈtɜːrdʒənt/

detergent

洗剤

Meaning

a substance used for cleaning, especially for washing clothes and dishes

Example

She bought a new brand of detergent for laundry.

彼女は洗濯のために新しいブランドの洗剤を買いました。

B2 adjective /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiənt/

Disobedient

不従順な

Meaning

refusing to obey rules or authority; rebellious

Example

The disobedient child refused to follow the rules.

その不従順な子供はルールに従うことを拒否しました。

B1 noun ˌdemənˈstreɪʃənz

demonstrations

デモンストレーション

Meaning

The action or process of showing the existence or truth of something by giving proof or evidence.

Example

Demonstrations occurred on March 11.

デモンストレーションは3月11日に行われました。

C2 noun /ˌdɪsæprəˈbeɪʃən/

disapprobation

強い非難

Meaning

strong disapproval, typically on moral grounds

Example

The policy was met with widespread disapprobation.

その政策は広範な非難を受けました。

C1 noun ˈdɛtrɪ.mənt

detriment

損害、害、障害

Meaning

Harm, damage, impairment.

Example

Smoking is a detriment to health.

喫煙は健康に対するデトリメントです。

C1 noun /ˈdɛspətɪzəm/

despotism

専制政治

Meaning

absolute power exercised in a cruel and oppressive way

Example

The people revolted against the era of despotism.

人々は専制政治の時代に反乱を起こしました。

C1 noun dɪˈpliː.ʃən

depletion

枯渇

Meaning

The gradual reduction or exhaustion of a resource or substance.

Example

Overuse of groundwater leads to depletion of water resources.

地下水の過剰使用は水資源の枯渇を引き起こす。

B1 noun /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/

disappointment

失望

Meaning

the feeling of sadness or displeasure caused by the non-fulfillment of one's hopes or expectations

Example

Her face showed deep disappointment after hearing the results.

結果を聞いた後、彼女の顔には深い失望が表れていた。

C2 adjective /ˌdɛlɪˈkwɛsənt/

deliquescent

湿気を吸収して液体に変わる

Meaning

tending to become liquid by absorbing moisture from the air

Example

Sugar is not deliquescent, but salt can be.

砂糖はデリクエセントではないが、塩はそうである可能性がある。

B2 verb /dɪˈzɒlv/

dissolve

Meaning

to melt or become liquid; to officially end or break up an agreement or organization

Example

The sugar will dissolve quickly in hot tea.

A2 verb /drɔː/

draw

描く

Meaning

to create pictures or designs with a pencil or pen

Example

She draws beautiful landscapes in her spare time.

彼女は余暇に美しい風景を描きます。

C1 adjective /ˈdwɪndlɪŋ/

dwindling

減少

Meaning

Gradually reducing in number, size, or strength.

Example

The villagers relied on dwindling water supplies.

村人たちは減少していく水の供給に依存していた。

C2 verb /dɪˈfoʊlieɪt/

defoliate

葉を落とす

Meaning

to strip leaves from a tree, plant, or area, often using chemicals

Example

The farmers defoliated the fields before harvest.

農家は収穫前に畑の葉を取り除きました。

C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

discerning

鋭い

Meaning

having good judgment or insight; able to distinguish well

Example

He is a discerning reader who notices subtle details.

彼は鋭い読者で、微細な詳細に気づきます。

A1 noun /dɛsk/

desk

机

Meaning

a piece of furniture with a flat surface used for writing or working

Example

The books are on the desk.

本は机の上にあります。

C2 verb /dɪˈspɔɪl/

despoil

略奪する

Meaning

To steal or violently remove valuable possessions from a place.

Example

The invaders despoiled the village during the war.

侵略者は戦争中に村を略奪しました。

C2 noun /ˈdræɡˌnɛt/

dragnet

広域捜査

Meaning

A systematic search or investigation, often by police to catch criminals.

Example

The police launched a dragnet to capture the fugitives.

警察は逃亡者を捕まえるために広域捜査を開始した。

A2 noun /dʌk/

Duck

アヒル

Meaning

a waterbird with webbed feet and a broad flat bill

Example

The duck swam gracefully across the lake.

そのカモは湖を優雅に泳いでいました。

C2 noun /dəˈɡerəˌtaɪp/

daguerreotype

古い写真

Meaning

An early type of photograph produced on a silver or silver-covered copper plate.

Example

The museum displayed a rare daguerreotype of Abraham Lincoln.

博物館にはアブラハム・リンカーンの珍しいダゲレオタイプが展示されていました。

C1 verb /ˈdiːmɑːrˌkeɪt/

demarcate

境界を定める

Meaning

to set the boundaries or limits of something

Example

The land was demarcated with fences to avoid disputes.

土地はフェンスで境界が定められて、争いを避けました。

B2 adverb dɪˈlɪb.ər.ət.li

deliberately

故意に

Meaning

Consciously and intentionally; on purpose.

Example

The actions were deliberately planned to cause harm.

行動は意図的に計画され、害を与えるために行われた。

B1 noun /dɪˈmænd/

Demand

需要；消費者の商品の要求

Meaning

an urgent request; the desire of consumers for goods or services

Example

The demand for organic food has increased significantly in recent years.

オーガニック食品の需要は近年顕著に増加しています。

C2 noun /dreɪk/

Drake

雄鴨

Meaning

a male duck; a type of waterfowl

Example

The drake led his family of ducks across the pond.

そのドレイクは、家族のカモたちを池の向こうに連れて行きました。

B2 noun /dɪˈpləʊməsi/

diplomacy

Meaning

The profession, activity, or skill of managing international relations or handling affairs tactfully.

Example

Effective diplomacy helped avoid the conflict.

C2 adjective /ˌdɛməˈnaɪəkəl/

demoniacal

悪魔的な

Meaning

characteristic of or resembling a demon; wildly evil

Example

He gave a demoniacal laugh that terrified everyone.

彼は皆を恐れさせるような悪魔的な笑い声を上げた。

C2 noun /draɪd ˈfɛnjʊˌɡriːk livz/

Dried Fenugreek Leaves

乾燥フェヌグリークの葉

Meaning

dehydrated leaves of the fenugreek plant used as a herb in cooking

Example

Add dried fenugreek leaves to the curry for extra flavor.

カレーに乾燥フェヌグリークの葉を加えて、さらに風味を加えます。

A2 verb /daɪ/

die

死ぬ

Meaning

to stop living; to cease to exist

Example

The flowers will die without water.

花は水がなければ死んでしまいます。