C1 adjective /dɪˈsɪd.ju.əs/

deciduous

落葉樹

Meaning

Referring to trees that shed their leaves seasonally, typically in autumn.

Example

Oak and maple trees are deciduous, shedding leaves in autumn.

オークとカエデの木は落葉樹で、秋に葉を落とします。

C1 verb /ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪt/

implicate

関与する

Meaning

To show someone’s involvement in a crime or wrongdoing.

Example

The evidence implicated several officials in the scandal.

証拠はスキャンダルに関与した何人かの職員を示した。

B1 noun /rɪˈsep.ʃən/

Reception

歓迎; 受け入れ; イベント;

Meaning

the action of receiving something or someone; a formal social occasion held to welcome someone

Example

The wedding reception was held at a beautiful hotel.

結婚式のレセプションは美しいホテルで行われました。

B2 noun /ˈbɑː.li/

Barley

大麦

Meaning

a cereal grain used for food, brewing beer, and animal feed

Example

The farmer harvested barley from his fields in autumn.

農夫は秋に彼の畑から大麦を収穫した。

B2 noun /ˈstɑːrt.ʌp/

startup

スタートアップ企業

Meaning

A newly established business, especially a small technology or business company that is just beginning operations.

Example

The startup secured funding from investors.

そのスタートアップは投資家から資金調達を受けました。

C1 adjective /kəˈlæpsəbl̩/

collapsible

折りたたみ式

Meaning

able to be folded down or reduced in size

Example

She bought a collapsible chair for camping.

彼女はキャンプ用に折りたたみ式の椅子を買いました。

C2 verb /bɪˈhəʊv/

behove

適切である

Meaning

British spelling of 'behoove'; to be appropriate or necessary

Example

It would behove the company to listen to its customers.

会社は顧客の意見に耳を傾けるべきです。

C1 noun /ˈwɜːkmənʃɪp/

workmanship

作品の質

Meaning

The skill with which something is made or the quality of something made.

Example

The workmanship of the handmade furniture was impeccable.

手作りの家具のワークマンシップは完璧でした。

C2 adjective /ʌnˈtiːtʃəbəl/

unteachable

教えられない

Meaning

not able or willing to learn; resistant to instruction or guidance

Example

He was so stubborn that he became almost unteachable.

彼はとても頑固で、ほとんど教えられない状態だった。

C1 noun /ˈɑn.set/

Onset

開始; 始まり

Meaning

the beginning or early stages of something; the start of a medical condition

Example

The onset of winter brought heavy snowfall.

冬の開始は大雪をもたらしました。

C1 noun /ˌɑːrbɪˈtreɪʃən/

arbitration

仲裁

Meaning

the process of resolving a dispute through an impartial third party whose decision is binding; formal judgment outside a court

Example

The contract requires arbitration to settle any disputes.

契約では紛争を仲裁で解決することが定められています。

B1 verb /loʊˈkeɪt/

locate

位置を特定する

Meaning

to find the exact position or place of something

Example

They managed to locate the missing keys under the couch.

彼らはソファの下で失われた鍵を見つけることに成功しました。

B2 adjective /ˈrest.ləs/

Restless

落ち着きのない

Meaning

unable to rest or relax; constantly moving or fidgeting

Example

The child was restless during the long car journey.

長い車の旅で子供は落ち着きがなかった。

C1 noun /ˈlɔː.ləs.nəs/

Lawlessness

無法状態

Meaning

absence of law and order; a state where laws do not exist or are not enforced

Example

The city descended into lawlessness after the government collapsed.

政府の崩壊後、都市は無法状態に陥った。

C2 verb /trəˈdjuːs/

traduce

中傷する

Meaning

To speak badly of someone or tell lies to damage their reputation.

Example

He was furious when he found out that his rivals had traduced him.

彼は自分のライバルが彼を中傷したことを知って怒っていた。

B2 adjective /blænd/

bland

無味

Meaning

lacking strong features, flavor, or character; dull or uninteresting

Example

The soup was too bland for my taste.

このスープは私の好みにとっては無味でした。

C2 noun /ˈɑːrbɪtər/

arbiter

仲裁者

Meaning

a person who has the authority to settle a dispute or decide an issue

Example

The principal acted as the arbiter in the conflict between the students.

校長は生徒間の対立で仲裁者として行動した。

A2 noun /weɪt/

weight

重さ

Meaning

a measure of how heavy something is

Example

The weight of the package was 10 kilograms.

パッケージの重さは10キログラムでした。

B1 noun /ˌmoʊtɪˈveɪʃən/

motivation

モチベーション

Meaning

the reason or drive for acting or behaving in a particular way

Example

She lost her motivation to continue the project.

彼女はプロジェクトを続けるモチベーションを失いました。

C2 verb /rɪˈvaɪl/

revile

非難する

Meaning

to criticize in an abusive or angrily insulting manner

Example

The politician was reviled by the public for his corruption.

その政治家は腐敗のために公衆から非難されました。

B1 noun ˈmɪlɪteri

military

軍隊

Meaning

The armed forces of a country.

Example

The military was called for assistance.

軍隊は援助のために呼ばれました。

A1 adjective /juːzd/

used

中古

Meaning

having already been used

Example

This is a used car.

これは中古車です。

A1 verb /ˈhæpən/

happen

起こる

Meaning

to occur or take place; to come about by chance

Example

What happened at the meeting yesterday?

昨日の会議で何が起こったのですか？

C1 noun /ˌɪndɪɡˈneɪʃən/

indignation

憤慨

Meaning

Strong displeasure or anger caused by something unjust, offensive, or insulting.

Example

Public indignation grew after the unfair verdict.

不公平な判決の後で、公衆の憤慨が高まった。

C2 verb /ˌæntɪˈsiːd/

antecede

前に来る

Meaning

to come before in time or order

Example

A short introduction usually antecedes the main text.

短い紹介は通常、本文の前に来ます。

C1 verb /ˌkɒm.pɑːtˈmen.təl.aɪz/

compartmentalize

区分けする

Meaning

To divide into sections or categories; to separate things into compartments.

Example

To increase efficiency, he compartmentalized his work tasks.

効率を上げるために、彼は自分の作業を区分けしました。

B2 adverb /ˈθʌrəli/

Thoroughly

徹底的に; 完全に;

Meaning

completely; entirely; in a thorough manner

Example

She thoroughly cleaned the entire house before the guests arrived.

彼女はゲストが到着する前に家全体を徹底的に掃除しました。

C2 noun /ˈseɪ.li.əns/

salience

顕著性

Meaning

The quality of being particularly noticeable or important; prominence.

Example

The salience of the issue was highlighted in the debate.

その問題の顕著性は討論で強調されました。

A2 adjective /ˈkɒm.ən/

common

共通

Meaning

occurring frequently or widely; shared by all

Example

It is common to see traffic in the city during rush hour.

ラッシュアワー中に都市で交通渋滞を見るのは一般的です。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛptɪv/

inceptive

初期の

Meaning

Relating to or marking the beginning or initial stage of something.

Example

The inceptive phase of the project was marked by enthusiastic planning.

プロジェクトの開始段階は熱心な計画で特徴づけられました。

C2 noun /luːn/

lune

三日月

Meaning

A crescent-shaped figure formed by two intersecting arcs; also means 'moon' in French.

Example

The mathematician studied the properties of the lune.

数学者は三日月の特性を研究しました。

C2 noun /ˌlaɪ.pəˈdʒen.ɪ.sɪs/

lipogenesis

脂肪合成

Meaning

The metabolic process of fat synthesis where excess carbohydrates are converted into fatty acids and stored as triglycerides.

Example

Excess carbohydrate intake promotes lipogenesis and fat storage.

過剰な炭水化物の摂取は脂肪合成と脂肪の蓄積を促進します。

A2 noun (plural) /ˈnuːdəlz/

noodles

麺

Meaning

long, thin strips of dough made from flour, water, or eggs, cooked and eaten as food

Example

She cooked noodles with vegetables for dinner.

彼女は夕食に野菜入りの麺を作った。

B2 noun /əˈpoʊ.nənt/

Opponent

対戦相手; ライバル

Meaning

a person who disagrees with or resists a proposal or practice; someone who competes against another

Example

The chess player defeated his strongest opponent.

チェスのプレーヤーは最強の対戦相手を倒した。

A2 verb /ˈtrævəld/

traveled

旅行する

Meaning

Went from one place to another, especially over a distance.

Example

They traveled to Antarctica with a large group.

彼らは大きなグループと一緒に南極大陸へ旅行しました。

C2 adjective /ˈbɛlɪˌkoʊs/

bellicose

戦闘的

Meaning

Showing a tendency to argue or fight; aggressive.

Example

His bellicose attitude often got him into unnecessary conflicts.

彼の戦闘的な態度はしばしば不必要な対立を引き起こした。

C2 adjective /ˌɛvəˈnɛsənt/

evanescent

儚い

Meaning

Quickly fading or disappearing; lasting for only a very short time.

Example

The beauty of the sunset was evanescent, fading within minutes.

夕日の美しさは儚く、数分で消えてしまった。

B2 adverb /ˈmen.tə.li/

Mentally

精神的に

Meaning

relating to the mind; in terms of mental processes

Example

She was mentally preparing herself for the exam.

彼女は試験のために精神的に準備していた。

C2 noun /nəˈkrɒpəlɪs/

necropolis

古代の墓地

Meaning

a large ancient cemetery with elaborate tombs

Example

The archaeologists discovered artifacts in the necropolis of the ancient city.

考古学者たちは古代都市のネクロポリスで遺物を発見しました。

C1 adverb /ˈduːli/

Duly

適切に, 時間通りに

Meaning

in accordance with what is required or appropriate; at the proper time

Example

The documents were duly signed and submitted.

書類は適切に署名され、提出されました。

B1 noun /tuːn/

Tune

メロディー; 音楽作品; 音程

Meaning

a melody or musical composition; correct musical pitch

Example

She hummed a beautiful tune while working in the garden.

彼女は庭で働きながら、美しいメロディーを口ずさんでいた。

B1 adverb /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

Occasionally

時々; たまに;

Meaning

sometimes; from time to time; not regularly

Example

I occasionally visit my grandmother on weekends.

私は時々週末に祖母を訪ねます。

A1 verb /brɪŋ/

bring

持ってくる

Meaning

to carry or take something to a place; to come with something

Example

Please bring your books to class tomorrow.

明日、クラスに本を持ってきてください。

C1 adjective /ˈʌpərˌmoʊst/

uppermost

最上

Meaning

situated at the highest place or most important

Example

Her family's safety was uppermost in her mind during the crisis.

危機の間、彼女の心の中で最も重要なのは家族の安全でした。

A1 verb /treɪn/

Train

トレーニングする

Meaning

to teach skills or prepare for a specific activity

Example

Athletes train hard for the Olympics.

アスリートはオリンピックのために一生懸命トレーニングをしています。

A1 adverb /ˈleɪtər/

later

後で

Meaning

At a time subsequent to a reference time; afterwards.

Example

We will discuss the details later.

私たちは後で詳細について話します。

B2 adjective /ˈmɛʒərd/

measured

測定された

Meaning

carefully considered and deliberate

Example

She spoke in a calm, measured tone.

彼女は冷静で測定された口調で話しました。

C1 adjective /ˈlaɪf.laɪk/

lifelike

リアルに似ている

Meaning

Very similar to a real person, object, or scene; realistic.

Example

The wax figure was so lifelike that people thought it was a real person.

その蝋人形は非常にリアルに似ていて、人々はそれが本物の人物だと思った。

B2 noun /həˈraɪ.zənz/

horizons

地平線

Meaning

The limit of a person's mental perception, experience, or interest.

Example

The telescope opens new horizons for astronomy.

望遠鏡は天文学の新しい地平線を開きます。

C2 noun /ˈflæt.ər.ər/

Flatterer

お世辞を言う人

Meaning

a person who lavishes praise, often insincerely and in order to gain advantage

Example

The king was surrounded by flatterers who only told him what he wanted to hear.

王様はお世辞を言う人たちに囲まれて、彼が聞きたいことだけを言ってもらった。

C1 noun /ˌʌnriˈælɪti/

unreality

非現実感

Meaning

the state or quality of being unreal; lack of reality or truth

Example

The dreamlike setting gave the story a sense of unreality.

夢のような舞台は物語に非現実感を与えた。

C2 noun /ˌkæθəˈlɪsɪti/

catholicity

普遍性, 開かれた考え

Meaning

Universality; broad-mindedness; acceptance of a wide variety of things.

Example

Her catholicity of interests makes her a fascinating person.

彼女のカトリシティな興味は、彼女を魅力的な人物にしています。

B2 noun /ˌɑb.lɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

Obligation

義務

Meaning

a duty or commitment; something that must be done legally or morally

Example

Parents have an obligation to care for their children.

親は子供の世話をする義務がある。

A1 adverb /nɪər/

Near

近い

Meaning

close in space or time; almost

Example

The school is very near to my house.

学校は私の家の近くにあります。

C1 noun /ˈstɪklər/

stickler

規則にうるさい人

Meaning

a person who insists on a certain quality or standard of behavior

Example

He is a stickler for punctuality and never tolerates delays.

彼は時間にうるさく、遅れを許しません。

C2 noun /sfɛˈrɪsɪti/

sphericity

球形

Meaning

The quality or state of being spherical; roundness.

Example

The sphericity of the ball made it roll smoothly on the ground.

ボールの球形は、地面でスムーズに転がるのを可能にしました。

A2 adjective /ˈsʌðərn/

southern

南の

Meaning

located in or facing the south; southern regions

Example

She moved to a southern city for work.

彼女は仕事のために南の都市に引っ越した。

A1 noun /ˈrɪv.ər/

River

川

Meaning

a large natural stream of water flowing in a channel to the sea, a lake, or another river

Example

The river flows through the valley and into the ocean.

川は谷を流れ、海に注ぎ込む。

C2 adjective /ˈkælkjʊləbl/

calculable

計算可能

Meaning

Capable of being calculated, estimated, or measured.

Example

The risk involved in the project is calculable.

プロジェクトに関わるリスクは計算可能です。

C2 verb /ˈvɪlɪfaɪ/

vilify

幸せ

Meaning

to speak or write about someone in an abusive or disparaging manner

Example

The politician was vilified in the media for his controversial remarks.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

B2 adverb /prɪˈdɒmɪnəntli/

predominantly

主に

Meaning

mainly; for the most part

Example

The population in the city is predominantly young.

その都市の人口は主に若いです。

C1 noun /skɪt/

skit

寸劇

Meaning

a short, humorous performance or piece of writing

Example

The students performed a funny skit at the event.

学生たちはイベントで面白い寸劇を演じました。

C2 noun /buːb/

boob

ばか者；胸（俗語）

Meaning

a foolish or clumsy person; an informal and sometimes rude term for a woman's breast

Example

He felt like a complete boob after forgetting the meeting.

会議を忘れて、彼は完全なばか者だと感じた。

B2 adjective /ʌnˈfeɪ.vər.ə.bəl/

Unfavourable

不利な; 逆境の

Meaning

not helpful or advantageous; adverse

Example

The weather conditions were unfavourable for our outdoor event.

悪天候は私たちの屋外イベントには不利でした。

C1 verb /fɔːrˈɡoʊ/

forego

断る

Meaning

to decide not to do or have something pleasant or valuable

Example

She decided to forego dessert to maintain her diet.

彼女はダイエットを維持するためにデザートを断ることに決めました。

C1 verb /dɪsˈkʌlər/

discolor

色あせる

Meaning

to change color, especially in a way that spoils the original appearance

Example

The fabric began to discolor after being left in the sun.

生地は太陽の下に置かれてから色が変わり始めました。

C1 noun /əbˈzɜːvəns/

observance

遵守

Meaning

The practice of following a custom, rule, or religious law.

Example

The festival is held in observance of a centuries-old tradition.

その祭りは、数世代にわたる伝統を遵守して行われます。

C2 adjective ˌmɛɡəˈlɪθɪk

megalithic

巨石

Meaning

Relating to or denoting prehistoric monuments made of or containing large stones.

Example

The megalithic structures in ancient civilizations are fascinating.

古代文明の巨石構造物は魅力的です。

B2 verb /ˈsɒfən/

soften

柔らかくする

Meaning

to make or become less hard, severe, or strong.

Example

Heat will soften the butter quickly.

熱はバターをすぐに柔らかくします。

C2 noun /ˈnʌnəri/

nunnery

修道院

Meaning

A convent or building where nuns live and work.

Example

She decided to join the nunnery to devote her life to spiritual practice.

彼女は精神的な実践に人生を捧げるために修道院に参加することを決めました。

C1 adjective ˌkɑːr.sɪ.nəˈdʒen.ɪk

carcinogenic

発癌性の

Meaning

Having the potential to cause cancer in living tissue.

Example

Processed meat contains carcinogenic compounds.

加工肉には発癌性の化合物が含まれています。

C1 noun /ˈtrɪlədʒi/

trilogy

三部作

Meaning

a set of three related works, usually books or films, that form a connected story

Example

The director finally released the third film to complete the sci-fi trilogy.

監督はついに三部作を完成させるために、三番目の映画を公開しました。

C1 adjective /flæmˈbɔɪənt/

flamboyant

派手で色鮮やかな、または自信に満ちた

Meaning

showy, strikingly bold or colorful; confident and lively

Example

His flamboyant style drew everyone's attention at the party.

彼の派手なスタイルはパーティーで皆の注目を集めました。

C1 adjective /ədˈhiːsɪv/

Adhesive

粘着性

Meaning

আঠালো; চটচটে;

Example

The adhesive tape stuck firmly to the wall.

接着テープは壁にしっかりとくっつきました。

B2 verb /ədˈmɪnɪstər/

administer

管理する

Meaning

to manage or control the running of; to give or apply medicine or treatment

Example

The nurse will administer the vaccine to all patients.

看護師はすべての患者にワクチンを接種します。

C2 verb /ˌdɪskəˈmoʊd/

discommode

邪魔する

Meaning

To cause inconvenience or trouble to someone.

Example

I hope my request does not discommode you.

私のリクエストがあなたに不便をかけないことを願っています。

C1 noun /ˈɪnsɪdəns/

incidence

発生率

Meaning

the occurrence, rate, or frequency of something

Example

The incidence of road accidents has decreased this year.

今年の道路事故の発生率は減少しました。

B2 noun /ˈbʌf.ə.loʊ/

Buffalo

バッファロー

Meaning

a large wild ox with heavy horns; American bison

Example

The buffalo grazed peacefully in the meadow.

バッファローは草原で平和に草を食べていた。

B1 noun/adjective /ˌdɒkjʊˈmɛntri/

documentary

ドキュメンタリー映画

Meaning

A film or television program that provides a factual record or report.

Example

We watched a documentary about climate change.

私たちは気候変動についてのドキュメンタリー映画を見ました。

B2 verb /kənˈfɔːrm/

conform

従う

Meaning

To comply with rules, standards, or laws.

Example

Students must conform to the school regulations.

学生は学校の規則に従わなければならない。

B2 adverb /ˈlaɪk.waɪz/

Likewise

同様に; 同じように; 似たように

Meaning

in the same way; also; similarly

Example

She studied hard for the exam, and her brother did likewise.

彼女は試験のために一生懸命勉強し、彼女の兄も同様にしました。

C1 noun /ˈmɔːr.ɡɪʤ/

Mortgage

住宅ローン

Meaning

a legal agreement by which a bank lends money to buy property

Example

They took out a mortgage to buy their first house.

彼らは最初の家を買うために住宅ローンを組みました。

C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

活力

Meaning

Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.

Example

She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.

彼女は大きな活力と決意を持ってそのプロジェクトに取り組んだ。

C1 adjective /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/

compulsive

強迫的

Meaning

Resulting from or acting on an irresistible urge, especially one that is against one's conscious wishes.

Example

He is a compulsive gambler who cannot stop placing bets.

彼は賭けをやめられない強迫的なギャンブラーです。

C1 noun /ˈem.ɪ.nəns/

Eminence

名声; 優越性

Meaning

fame or recognized superiority; high rank or status

Example

The professor achieved eminence in the field of quantum physics.

教授は量子物理学の分野で名声を得ました。

C1 adjective /pəˈleɪ.ʃəl/

palatial

宮殿のような

Meaning

resembling a palace in being spacious and splendid

Example

They stayed in a palatial hotel during their vacation.

彼らは休暇中に宮殿のようなホテルに宿泊しました。

C2 noun /ˈtrʌk.jʊ.ləns/

truculence

好戦的

Meaning

Aggressiveness or eagerness to fight.

Example

His speech was full of truculence and threats.

彼の演説は好戦的で脅しに満ちていた。

B2 verb /ˈkʌltɪveɪt/

cultivate

栽培する

Meaning

to grow crops or plants; to develop or improve something

Example

Farmers cultivate rice in the paddy fields.

農家は田んぼでお米を育てています。

C1 noun /ˈhiːdənɪst/

hedonist

快楽主義者

Meaning

A person who believes that the pursuit of pleasure is the most important thing in life.

Example

She was called a hedonist because she always prioritized enjoyment over duty.

彼女は常に義務よりも楽しみを優先していたため、快楽主義者と呼ばれました。

Meaning

a judgment that a person is not guilty of the crime with which they have been charged

Example

The acquittal of the accused shocked the public.

C2 noun /əˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/

annunciation

発表、良い知らせ

Meaning

The announcement of something; in Christianity, the announcement by the angel Gabriel to Mary that she would conceive Jesus.

Example

The church celebrated the Feast of the Annunciation with a special service.

教会は特別なサービスでアナンシエーションの祝祭を祝いました。

C1 noun, verb /ˌprɒməˈneɪd/

promenade

散歩

Meaning

A leisurely walk or stroll, especially in a public place for pleasure or display.

Example

They went for a promenade along the seaside.

彼らは海辺をプロムナードしていました。

B2 adjective, noun /ˈɛəriəl/

aerial

空中の / アンテナ

Meaning

As an adjective: existing or happening in the air. As a noun: an antenna for receiving radio or television signals.

Example

The pilot performed an amazing aerial maneuver.

パイロットは素晴らしい空中機動を行いました。

C2 verb /ˈfɛstər/

fester

悪化する、激化する

Meaning

to become worse or more intense, often through neglect or infection

Example

If grievances are ignored, they may fester into resentment.

不満を無視すると、それは恨みに変わることがあります。

C1 noun /ˌætəˈʃeɪ/

attache

外交官補

Meaning

A person officially assigned to the staff of a diplomatic mission, often with a specific area of responsibility.

Example

The cultural attache organized an art exhibition in the embassy.

文化担当のアタッシェが大使館で芸術展を開催しました。

C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

出所

Meaning

The origin or source of something.

Example

The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.

博物館は古代の写本の出所を確認しました。

C2 noun /ˌniːoʊˈdɑːrwɪnɪzəm/

neo-darwinism

ネオダーウィニズム

Meaning

A modern interpretation of Darwin's theory of evolution, integrating genetics and natural selection.

Example

Neo-Darwinism combines Darwin’s theory of natural selection with modern genetics.

ネオダーウィニズムはダーウィンの自然選択説と現代遺伝学を組み合わせています。

B2 adjective /ˈvʌl.nər.ə.bəl/

vulnerable

脆弱

Meaning

susceptible to physical or emotional harm

Example

Children are often the most vulnerable in times of crisis.

子供たちは危機の際に最も脆弱な存在です。

C2 adjective /ˈeksɪkrəbl/

execrable

ひどい

Meaning

Extremely bad or unpleasant.

Example

The movie was so execrable that many people left the theater early.

その映画はひどすぎて、多くの人々が早く映画館を出て行きました。

C1 adjective /pərˈpetʃuəl/

perpetual

永遠の

Meaning

never-ending or continuous

Example

She lived in perpetual fear of being discovered.

彼女は発見される恐怖の中で永遠に生きていました。

B1 adjective pəˈlɪtɪkəl

political

政治的な

Meaning

Relating to the government or public affairs of a country; relating to politics or political parties.

Example

The political agenda included autonomy.

政治的な議題には自治が含まれていた。

C2 noun /ˈkɪŋʃɪp/

kingship

王権

Meaning

The position, dignity, or authority of a king.

Example

The king’s advisors often reminded him of the responsibilities of kingship.

王の顧問たちはしばしば彼に王権の責任を思い出させました。

C2 noun /ˈræbəl/

Rabble

群衆

Meaning

a disorderly crowd; the common people regarded as socially inferior

Example

The politician dismissed the protesters as mere rabble.

政治家は抗議者を単なる群衆として退けた。

C1 noun /ˈsɪ.nɪk/

Cynic

皮肉屋; 疑い深い人

Meaning

a person who believes that people are motivated purely by self-interest; someone who is skeptical about human nature

Example

The old cynic believed that politicians only cared about getting votes.

その古い皮肉屋は政治家がただ票を得ることにしか関心がないと信じていた。

B2 noun /ˈklaɪ.mət əˌdæp.teɪ.ʃən/

climate adaptation

気候適応

Meaning

The process of adjusting to current or expected climate change and its effects.

Example

Climate adaptation ensures resilience to change.

気候適応は変化に対する回復力を確保します。

C1 verb /ˈkəʊ.dɪ.faɪ/

codify

体系化する

Meaning

to arrange laws, rules, or ideas into a clear and systematic code

Example

The committee worked to codify the existing laws.

委員会は既存の法律を体系化するために取り組みました。

スタンザ

Meaning

a group of lines forming a unit in a poem or song

Example

The poem begins with a stanza describing nature.

その詩は自然を描写するスタンザで始まります。