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C2 verb /dɔːb/

daub

塗る
Meaning
to spread a thick or sticky substance carelessly on a surface
Example
The children daubed paint all over the walls.
子供たちは壁にペンキを塗り広げました。
A2 noun /dɪˈsɪʒənz/

decisions

決定
Meaning
A conclusion or resolution reached after consideration; the action or process of deciding something.
Example
Making the right decisions in time was key to the project's success.
時間内に正しい決定を下すことがプロジェクトの成功の鍵でした。
C2 noun /dɪˈkrɛpɪˌtjuːd/

decrepitude

衰退
Meaning
the state of being old, weak, and worn out
Example
The once-great empire fell into decrepitude.
かつて偉大だった帝国は衰退しました。
C1 adjective /ˌdɪktəˈtɔːriəl/

dictatorial

独裁的
Meaning
Having or showing a tendency to tell people what to do in an autocratic way.
Example
His dictatorial style made him unpopular among colleagues.
彼の独裁的なスタイルは、同僚たちの間で不人気だった。
C2 noun /draɪd ˈfɛnjʊˌɡriːk livz/

Dried Fenugreek Leaves

乾燥フェヌグリークの葉
Meaning
dehydrated leaves of the fenugreek plant used as a herb in cooking
Example
Add dried fenugreek leaves to the curry for extra flavor.
カレーに乾燥フェヌグリークの葉を加えて、さらに風味を加えます。
B2 verb /dɪˈzɒlv/

dissolve

Meaning
to melt or become liquid; to officially end or break up an agreement or organization
Example
The sugar will dissolve quickly in hot tea.
C1 verb /druːp/

droop

垂れる
Meaning
to bend or hang downward; to become weak or tired
Example
The flowers began to droop in the heat.
花は暑さで垂れ始めました。
C1 adjective /dɪˈklærətɪv/

declarative

宣言的
Meaning
relating to a statement that declares something; in grammar, a sentence that makes a statement
Example
A declarative sentence simply states a fact or opinion.
宣言的な文は、単に事実や意見を述べるものです。
A2 verb /diːl/

deal

幸せ
Meaning
to distribute or give out something; to handle or manage
Example
He had to deal with many problems at work.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。
C2 adjective /dɪˈspjuːtəbl/

Disputable

議論の余地がある; 疑わしい
Meaning
open to debate or argument; questionable
Example
The facts in the case are disputable and need further investigation.
その事件の事実は議論の余地があり、さらなる調査が必要です。
C1 adjective deft

deft

器用
Meaning
Neatly skillful and quick in one's movements; dexterous and adroit.
Example
The artist's deft hands created a masterpiece.
アーティストの器用な手は傑作を作り出しました。
B2 verb dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt

deteriorate

悪化する
Meaning
To become progressively worse in quality, condition, or performance; to decline.
Example
Unplanned growth can deteriorate living conditions.
計画外の成長は生活環境を悪化させる可能性があります。
C1 noun ˌdɪs.ɪnˈfek.ʃən

disinfection

消毒
Meaning
The process of destroying harmful microorganisms to prevent infection.
Example
Kitchen appliances require frequent disinfection.
キッチン用具は頻繁に消毒する必要があります。
C2 noun /dɪˈkæmɪtər/

decameter

デカメートル
Meaning
A metric unit of length equal to ten meters.
Example
The field was measured in decameters for accuracy.
そのフィールドは正確さのためにデカメートルで測定されました。
B2 noun dɪˈstrækʃən

distraction

気晴らし
Meaning
Something that prevents concentration or takes attention away from something else.
Example
Distraction during study time can hinder learning.
勉強中の気晴らしは学習を妨げることがあります。
C1 noun /dɜːrθ/

dearth

不足
Meaning
A scarcity or lack of something.
Example
There was a dearth of food during the famine.
飢饉の間に食料が不足していた。
B2 adjective /dɪˈvɔːrst/

divorced

離婚した
Meaning
No longer married because the marriage has been legally dissolved.
Example
She has been divorced for five years.
彼女は5年間離婚したままだ。
B2 adjective /dʌm/

Dumb

馬鹿; 無口; 愚か
Meaning
unable to speak; silent; lacking intelligence; stupid
Example
She remained dumb during the entire meeting.
彼女は会議の間ずっと黙っていた。
B2 verb /daɪ/

dye

染める
Meaning
to change the color of something using a chemical substance
Example
She will dye her hair blonde tomorrow.
彼女は明日髪を金髪に染める予定です。
C1 adjective /dɪsˈhɑːrtənd/

Disheartened

落胆した
Meaning
discouraged; feeling dejected; losing hope or confidence
Example
She felt disheartened after failing the exam twice.
彼女は試験に2回失敗した後、落胆していました。
C1 noun /dɪˈpɑːzətɔːri/

depository

預け場所, 保管所
Meaning
a place where things are stored or deposited, especially financial assets
Example
The national depository safeguards all government bonds.
国家のデポジトリはすべての政府債券を保護しています。
C2 noun /ˌdoʊ.məˈstɪs.ə.ti/

domesticity

家庭生活
Meaning
Life at home or devotion to family life.
Example
She enjoys the domesticity of cooking and gardening.
彼女は料理とガーデニングの家庭生活を楽しんでいます。
C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪkəl/

dialectical

弁証法的
Meaning
Relating to the logical discussion of ideas and opinions.
Example
She took a dialectical approach to solve the complex issue.
彼女は複雑な問題を解決するために弁証法的なアプローチを取りました。
B2 verb /dɪˈspoʊz/

dispose

処分する
Meaning
To get rid of something, or to arrange or incline towards something.
Example
He disposed of the old furniture responsibly.
彼は古い家具を責任を持って処分しました。
B1 verb /dɪˈpɑːrt/

depart

Meaning
to leave, especially to start a journey
Example
The train will depart at 9 a.m.
C2 verb /drɔːl/

drawl

だらだらと話す
Meaning
to speak in a slow, lazy way with prolonged vowel sounds
Example
He tends to drawl when he is tired.
彼は疲れているときに、だらだらと話す傾向があります。
C1 noun /ˌdɪsəˈluːʃən/

dissolution

解散
Meaning
the act of formally ending or breaking apart something, such as an organization or marriage
Example
The dissolution of the company was announced yesterday.
会社の解散は昨日発表されました。
C1 adjective /dɪˈspɪrɪtɪd/

dispirited

落胆した
Meaning
Having lost enthusiasm, hope, or confidence; dejected.
Example
After losing the match, the team looked dispirited.
試合に負けた後、チームは落胆して見えた。
B2 adjective daɪˈvɜːs

diverse

多様な
Meaning
Showing a great deal of variety; very different.
Example
Diverse industries enhance economic resilience.
多様な産業が経済的な回復力を高める。
C2 verb /ˈdɔːd(ə)l/

dawdle

だらだらする
Meaning
to waste time by being slow or idle
Example
Stop dawdling and finish your homework.
ダラダラせずに宿題を終わらせてください。
C2 noun /dəˈkɔɪt/

Dacoit

盗賊
Meaning
a member of an armed gang of robbers; a bandit, especially in India and Myanmar
Example
The village was terrorized by a gang of dacoits who robbed travelers.
その村は、旅行者を強盗した強盗団によって恐怖に陥れられました。
C2 verb /ˈdɛpjʊˌtaɪz/

deputize

副職に任命する
Meaning
To appoint someone as a deputy; to act as a substitute or representative.
Example
The sheriff decided to deputize several locals to help maintain order.
保安官は秩序を維持するために数人の地元の人々を副職に任命することを決定しました。
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛkt/

dissect

Meaning
to cut apart an animal, plant, or other organism to study its internal parts; to analyze something in detail
Example
In biology class, students had to dissect a frog to learn about its anatomy.
C1 adjective /dɪˈskriːt/

discrete

離散的
Meaning
individually separate and distinct
Example
The course is divided into three discrete modules.
コースは3つの離散的なモジュールに分けられています。
B2 adjective /dɪˈzaɪərəbl/

desirable

望ましい
Meaning
worth having or wanting; attractive
Example
The location of the house was highly desirable, with great views.
その家の場所は非常に望ましく、素晴らしい景色がありました。
A2 noun /drʌɡ/

drug

薬物
Meaning
a substance used as a medicine or an illegal addictive substance
Example
The doctor prescribed a new drug for the illness.
医者はその病気のために新しい薬を処方しました。
A2 noun /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/

difficulty

Meaning
the state or condition of being hard to do, deal with, or understand
Example
He faced great difficulty in learning a new language.
C1 noun /dɪˈprɛsənt/

depressant

抑制剤
Meaning
A drug that reduces functional or nervous activity in the body.
Example
Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system.
アルコールは中枢神経系に抑制剤として作用します。
C1 noun /ˈdɪŋɡi/

dinghy

ディンギーボート
Meaning
a small boat, often carried or towed by a larger vessel, used for short trips or as a lifeboat
Example
They rowed the dinghy back to the yacht.
彼らはヨットに戻るためにディンギーを漕いだ。
C2 verb /dɪˈbɔːtʃ/

debauch

堕落させる
Meaning
to corrupt morally; to lead into excessive indulgence in sensual pleasures
Example
The novel shows how wealth can debauch a person's character.
その小説は、どのように富が人の性格を堕落させるかを示しています。
C1 noun /ˌdɪspɛnˈseɪʃən/

dispensation

Meaning
An exemption from a rule or usual requirement; a system of order, government, or control.
Example
The school granted him a special dispensation to skip the exam due to illness.
A2 noun /ˈdɪʃ ˌwɒʃər/

Dish washer

食器洗い機
Meaning
an appliance for washing dishes automatically
Example
We installed a new dishwasher in our kitchen last week.
先週、私たちはキッチンに新しい食器洗い機を設置しました。
C1 verb /daɪˈleɪt/

dilate

拡大する
Meaning
To make wider, larger, or more open.
Example
The doctor used drops to dilate the patient's pupils.
医者は患者の瞳孔を拡げるために点眼薬を使いました。
C1 noun /diːˌtɒksɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

detoxification

デトックス
Meaning
The process of removing toxic substances from a living organism.
Example
Detoxification helps to cleanse the body of harmful substances.
デトックスは体内の有害物質を排除するのに役立ちます。
C2 noun /ˈdɒɡ roʊz/

Dog-rose

ドッグローズ
Meaning
A wild rose species with pink or white flowers and thorny stems, common in hedgerows
Example
The dog-rose bush grew wild along the countryside path.
ドッグローズの低木は、田舎の道沿いに野生で育ちました。
C2 noun /ˌdiːlɛkˈteɪʃən/

delectation

喜び
Meaning
great pleasure or delight
Example
She read the story aloud for the delectation of her friends.
彼女は友達の喜びのために物語を大声で読みました。
B1 verb /dræɡ/

drag

引きずる
Meaning
to pull something heavy or difficult to move along the ground; to go somewhere unwillingly; to last too long
Example
She had to drag the heavy suitcase up the stairs.
彼女は重いスーツケースを階段で引きずらなければならなかった。
B2 verb /ˈdɑːrkən/

darken

暗くする
Meaning
to make or become dark; to reduce brightness or light
Example
The clouds began to darken the sky before the storm.
嵐の前に雲が空を暗くし始めた。
C2 adjective /ˈdɛndrɔɪd/

dendroid

樹状の
Meaning
tree-shaped or branching like a tree
Example
The coral has a dendroid structure.
サンゴはデンドロイド構造を持っています。
B2 noun ডিজিটাল ডিটক্স

digital detox

デジタルデトックス
Meaning
A period of time during which a person refrains from using electronic devices such as smartphones or computers, regarded as an opportunity to reduce stress or focus on social interaction in the physical world.
Example
A digital detox can help reduce hand fatigue.
デジタルデトックスは手の疲労を減らすのに役立ちます。
B1 verb /dɪˈliːt/

delete

Meaning
to remove or erase something, especially written or recorded information
Example
He accidentally deleted all the files from his computer.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɒnstrətɪv/

demonstrative

表現的な
Meaning
openly showing feelings, especially affection or emotion
Example
She was very demonstrative with her affection towards her friends.
彼女は友達に対してとても表現的だった。
B2 noun /dɒk/

dock

ドック
Meaning
a structure where ships are loaded, unloaded, or repaired
Example
The ship stayed at the dock for two days.
船はドックに2日間停泊していました。
C2 adjective /daɪˈdæktɪk/

didactic

教育的な
Meaning
Intended to teach, often with a moral lesson.
Example
The novel is not just entertaining but also didactic in nature.
その小説はただの娯楽ではなく、教育的な性質も持っている。
C2 noun /ˈdoʊneɪtər/

donator

寄付者
Meaning
A person who gives something, especially money or goods, as a donation.
Example
The donator wished to remain anonymous after contributing a large sum.
寄付者は大きな金額を寄付した後、匿名でいることを希望しました。
B2 adjective /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/

Destructive

破壊的な
Meaning
causing damage; harmful
Example
The hurricane was highly destructive to coastal areas.
ハリケーンは沿岸地域に非常に破壊的でした。
B2 verb /ˈdɪkteɪt/

dictate

口述する
Meaning
to say words aloud for someone to write down; to give orders
Example
The boss dictates letters to his secretary.
ボスは秘書に手紙を口述します。
C1 adjective /dɪˈlɪriəs/

delirious

デリリアス
Meaning
in an extremely disturbed or excited state of mind, often due to illness or emotion
Example
He was delirious with fever and kept muttering nonsense.
彼は熱でデリリアスで、無意味なことを呟いていた。
C1 noun /dɪˈten.ʃən/

Detention

停学; 拘留
Meaning
the action of detaining someone or being detained in official custody
Example
The student received detention for repeatedly disrupting the class.
生徒は繰り返しクラスを乱したため、停学を受けました。
C1 adjective /dɪˈfaɪənt/

Defiant

反抗的な; 逆らう
Meaning
boldly resistant or challenging; disobedient
Example
The defiant student refused to follow the rules.
その反抗的な学生はルールに従うことを拒否しました。
C2 noun /draɪ ˈmæŋgoʊ ˈpaʊdər/

Dry Mango Powder

アムチュール
Meaning
a tangy powder made from dried raw mangoes, used as a spice in Indian cuisine
Example
The chef sprinkled dry mango powder over the chaat for extra tanginess.
シェフはチャートに酸味を加えるためにドライマンゴーパウダーを振りかけました。
A2 noun /ˈdɑrk.nəs/

Darkness

暗闇; 無知;
Meaning
the partial or total absence of light; wickedness or evil; ignorance or lack of knowledge
Example
The power outage plunged the entire city into darkness.
停電で町全体が暗闇に包まれた。
B1 verb /dɪˈfiːt/

Defeat

敗北
Meaning
to win a victory over; to overcome in battle or competition
Example
The army managed to defeat the enemy forces.
軍隊は敵軍を倒すことができました。
C1 verb /ˈdæb.əl/

dabble

軽く取り組む
Meaning
To take part in an activity in a casual or superficial way.
Example
He dabbled in painting during his college days.
彼は大学時代に絵を描くことを楽しんでいた。
B2 noun /ˈden.sə.ti/

Density

密度
Meaning
the degree of compactness of a substance; the quantity of something per unit area
Example
The density of population in the city center is extremely high.
市の中心部の人口密度は非常に高い。
C1 adjective /dɪˈreɪndʒd/

deranged

狂気
Meaning
mentally disturbed or insane; behaving irrationally
Example
The deranged man shouted nonsense in the street.
狂った男が街で無意味なことを叫んでいた。
C2 noun /ˈdaɪɡræf/

digraph

二重音字
Meaning
A pair of letters representing a single sound, such as 'sh' in 'ship'.
Example
In the word 'phone', the letters 'ph' form a digraph.
'電話'という言葉では、'ph'の文字が二重音字を形成します。
C2 adjective /ˈdɛsəlˌtɔːri/

desultory

無秩序な
Meaning
lacking a clear plan, purpose, or enthusiasm
Example
His desultory conversation bored the audience.
彼の無秩序な会話は観客を退屈させた。
B1 noun /ˈdez.ət/

Desert

砂漠
Meaning
a barren area of landscape with little precipitation; an arid region with sparse vegetation
Example
The Sahara Desert is one of the largest hot deserts in the world.
サハラ砂漠は世界で最も大きな熱砂漠の一つです。
A2 noun /ˈdæn.sər/

Dancer

ダンサー
Meaning
a person who performs dance, typically as a profession or art form
Example
The dancer performed gracefully on the stage.
ダンサーはステージで優雅に踊った。
C1 verb /dɪsˈtrʌst/

distrust

不信
Meaning
to have no confidence or trust in someone or something
Example
Many people distrust politicians.
多くの人々は政治家を信用しません。
C2 verb /dɪˈræsɪˌneɪt/

deracinate

根こそぎ引き抜く
Meaning
To uproot something completely; to displace people from their native environment or culture.
Example
The conflict deracinated many families from their homeland.
その紛争は多くの家族を故郷から追い出しました。
A2 noun /dɪər/

Deer

鹿
Meaning
a graceful wild animal with antlers, especially the male
Example
We saw a beautiful deer grazing in the meadow.
私たちは草原で美しい鹿が草を食べているのを見ました。
B1 noun /dɪˈlaɪt/

Delight

喜び; 楽しみ
Meaning
a feeling of happiness or pleasure; something that gives great pleasure
Example
The children's laughter filled her heart with pure delight.
子供たちの笑い声は彼女の心を純粋な喜びで満たしました。
C2 adjective /ˈdʌlsɪt/

dulcet

甘美
Meaning
sweet and soothing (often used ironically)
Example
She was enchanted by his dulcet voice.
彼女は彼の甘美な声に魅了されていた。
B2 noun /ˈdiː.sən.si/

Decency

品位
Meaning
behavior that conforms to accepted standards of morality or respectability
Example
She had the decency to apologize for her mistake immediately.
彼女はすぐに自分の間違いを謝る品位を示しました。
C1 noun, adjective /dɪˈfiːtɪst/

defeatist

敗北主義者
Meaning
A person who expects or is excessively ready to accept failure; showing a tendency to expect defeat.
Example
His defeatist attitude discouraged the rest of the team.
彼の敗北主義的な態度は、チームの他のメンバーを落胆させました。
C1 adjective /ˈdjuːtɪfəl/

Dutiful

義務感のある; 尊敬すべき; 従順な
Meaning
conscientiously fulfilling one's duty; obedient; respectful
Example
She is a dutiful daughter who always helps her parents.
彼女はいつも両親を助ける義務感のある娘です。
C1 noun /dʌsk/

Dusk

夕暮れ; たそがれ
Meaning
the period of the day when daylight is fading; twilight
Example
They walked along the beach during dusk, watching the sunset.
彼らは夕暮れ時にビーチを歩きながら、日没を見ていました。
A2 noun /ˈdrɔːɪŋ/

drawing

幸せ
Meaning
a picture or diagram made with a pencil, pen, or crayons rather than paint
Example
She showed me a drawing of her house.
彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。
C2 noun /daɪˈɡrɛʃən/

digression

逸脱
Meaning
A temporary departure from the main subject in speech or writing.
Example
Her story was full of interesting digressions.
彼女の話は面白い逸脱で満ちていました。
B1 noun /dɪˈbeɪts/

debates

討論
Meaning
Formal discussions where different viewpoints are presented and argued.
Example
Debates on governance lasted throughout the session.
ガバナンスに関する討論はセッション全体を通して行われました。
C1 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋɡl/

disentangle

ほどく
Meaning
To free something or someone from a tangle or complication.
Example
She tried to disentangle her hair from the branches.
彼女は枝から髪の毛をほどこうとしました。
C1 adjective /dɪsˈsɪmɪlər/

dissimilar

異なる
Meaning
Not alike; different.
Example
Though they are twins, their personalities are dissimilar.
彼らは双子だが、性格は異なる。
C1 noun ˌdiːˌrɛɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən

deregulation

規制緩和
Meaning
The removal or reduction of government regulations in an economic sector.
Example
Deregulation has increased competition in the telecommunications sector.
規制緩和は通信業界で競争を促進しました。
B2 noun /dɪsˈtrɛs/

distress

苦痛
Meaning
extreme anxiety, sorrow, or pain
Example
He felt a deep sense of distress when he heard the bad news.
悪い知らせを聞いたとき、彼は深い苦痛を感じました。
B1 adjective /ˈdiːsənt/

decent

立派
Meaning
conforming to standards of propriety, good taste, or morality
Example
He found a decent job after months of searching.
彼は数ヶ月の探しの後、立派な仕事を見つけました。
C1 adjective /dɪˈrɒɡətɔːri/

derogatory

侮辱的
Meaning
Showing a critical or disrespectful attitude.
Example
The article contained derogatory comments about the politician.
その記事には政治家について侮辱的なコメントが含まれていました。
C2 verb /dɪˈfreɪ/

defray

費用を負担する
Meaning
to provide money to pay the costs of something
Example
The grant will help defray the cost of education.
その助成金は教育費用の負担を助けます。
C2 adjective /daɪˈɒsɪsən/

diocesan

教区に関する
Meaning
relating to a diocese or the district under the supervision of a bishop in the Christian Church
Example
The diocesan council met to discuss church affairs.
教区評議会は教会の問題を話し合うために集まりました。
C2 adjective /ˌdɪsəˈfɛktɪd/

disaffected

不満な
Meaning
Dissatisfied and rebellious, especially against authority or leadership.
Example
The reforms were introduced to calm the disaffected youth.
改革は不満な若者を落ち着かせるために導入されました。
B1 noun /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/

disappointment

失望
Meaning
the feeling of sadness or displeasure caused by the non-fulfillment of one's hopes or expectations
Example
Her face showed deep disappointment after hearing the results.
結果を聞いた後、彼女の顔には深い失望が表れていた。
C1 noun /ˈdɑːsieɪ/

dossier

ファイル
Meaning
A collection of documents about a particular person, event, or subject.
Example
The lawyer presented a dossier of evidence to the court.
弁護士は証拠のドシエを裁判所に提出しました。
B1 adjective /dɪˈmændɪŋ/

demanding

要求が厳しい
Meaning
requiring much effort, skill, or attention; difficult to satisfy
Example
The job is very demanding and requires long hours of work.
その仕事は非常に要求が厳しく、長時間の労働が必要です。
C2 verb /dɪsˈbɜːrdən/

disburden

負担を軽減する
Meaning
to relieve someone of a burden or load
Example
She disburdened herself of worries by sharing them with her friend.
彼女は心配を友達と共有することで自分を負担から解放した。
C2 noun /ˈdɛftnəs/

deftness

巧妙さ
Meaning
Skillfulness and quickness in action or thought.
Example
Her deftness with words impressed the audience.
彼女の言葉の巧妙さは観客を感動させた。
B1 verb /dɪˈklɛər/

declare

宣言する
Meaning
To announce something formally or officially.
Example
The government declared a state of emergency.
政府は緊急事態を宣言しました。
A2 verb /dɪˈstrɔɪ/

destroy

破壊する
Meaning
to damage something so badly that it cannot be used
Example
The fire destroyed the entire building.
火事が建物全体を破壊しました。
A2 noun /dɪˈzɜːrt/

dessert

デザート
Meaning
the sweet course eaten at the end of a meal
Example
We had ice cream for dessert after dinner.
夕食後にデザートとしてアイスクリームを食べました。
B1 noun /ˈdeə.ri/

Dairy

牛乳が生産される建物や農場; 牛乳から作られた製品; 牛乳と乳製品を販売する店
Meaning
a building or farm where milk is produced; products made from milk; a shop selling milk and milk products
Example
The local dairy provides fresh milk and cheese to the entire neighborhood.
地元のデイリーは、新鮮な牛乳とチーズを地域全体に提供しています。
C2 noun /doʊlt/

dolt

ばか
Meaning
A stupid or slow-witted person.
Example
Only a dolt would believe such a story.
そんな話を信じるのはばかだけだ。
C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌɡræm/

decagram

デカグラム
Meaning
A metric unit of mass equal to ten grams.
Example
The package weighed exactly one decagram.
そのパッケージはちょうど1デカグラムの重さでした。
B2 noun/verb /dɪˈspjuːt/

dispute

争い, 論争
Meaning
a disagreement or argument about something important
Example
The two countries are in dispute over the border issue.
二国間で国境問題について争いが続いています。
C2 noun /djuːˈɛnə/

duenna

ガバーナント
Meaning
an older woman acting as a governess or chaperone, especially in Spanish families
Example
The young lady was accompanied by a duenna during the festival.
若い女性は祭りの間、デュエナに付き添われていました。
A1 noun /dɪˈsɛmbər/

december

12月
Meaning
the twelfth and last month of the year in the Gregorian calendar
Example
December is usually cold in many countries.
12月は多くの国で寒いです。
B2 adjective /dɪˈsɛndənt/

descendent

下降する
Meaning
Moving downward; going down or descending.
Example
The river followed a descendent course toward the valley.
川は谷に向かって下降するコースをたどった。
C1 noun /ˌdɪs.kʌl.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

discoloration

変色
Meaning
The process of changing or losing color; fading.
Example
Sun exposure causes discoloration of fabrics.
太陽光線は布地の変色を引き起こします。
A2 adjective /ˈdɜː.ti/

Dirty

汚い; よごれた; 不快な; 道徳的に堕落した
Meaning
not clean; covered with dirt; unpleasant; morally corrupt
Example
The kitchen was dirty after cooking.
料理後、台所は汚かった。
C1 verb /dɪˈpriːʃieɪt/

depreciate

価値が下がる
Meaning
to reduce in value over time
Example
Cars tend to depreciate quickly in their first few years.
車は最初の数年間で急速に価値が下がる傾向があります。
C2 noun /dɪˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/

dilapidation

荒廃
Meaning
The state of disrepair or ruin as a result of neglect.
Example
The old temple was in a state of dilapidation.
その古い寺院は廃墟の状態にありました。
B1 noun/adjective /ˌdɒkjʊˈmɛntri/

documentary

ドキュメンタリー映画
Meaning
A film or television program that provides a factual record or report.
Example
We watched a documentary about climate change.
私たちは気候変動についてのドキュメンタリー映画を見ました。
B1 adjective /ˈdɪstənt/

Distant

遠い
Meaning
far away in space or time; remote
Example
We could see a distant mountain on the horizon.
私たちは地平線に遠くの山を見ることができました。
C1 verb /daɪˈvʌldʒ/

divulge

明らかにする
Meaning
to make known something private, secret, or previously unknown
Example
She refused to divulge the source of her information.
彼女は情報の源を明らかにすることを拒否しました。
A1 noun /deɪts/

Dates

デーツ
Meaning
sweet brown oval fruits that grow on date palm trees
Example
Dates are commonly eaten during Ramadan to break the fast.
デーツはラマダン中に断食を解くためによく食べられます。
C1 adjective draʊt rɪˈzɪs.tənt

drought-resistant

耐乾燥
Meaning
Able to survive and grow despite limited water availability or drought conditions.
Example
Drought-resistant crops can survive in arid conditions.
耐乾燥作物は乾燥した条件でも生き残ることができます。
B2 verb /draʊn/

drown

溺れる
Meaning
to die or cause to die by being submerged in and inhaling water
Example
He nearly drowned while swimming in the river.
彼は川で泳いでいるときにほぼ溺れそうになった。
B2 adjective /ˈdjʊərəbəl/

Durable

耐久性がある; 強い; 頑丈な
Meaning
able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong
Example
This durable fabric will last for many years.
この耐久性のある生地は何年も持ちます。
B2 verb /ˌdɪskəˈnɛkt/

disconnect

Meaning
to detach or separate from a connection or source
Example
Please disconnect the charger from the power outlet.
B2 verb /ˈdɛvəˌsteɪt/

devastate

荒廃させる
Meaning
to cause severe and overwhelming destruction or damage
Example
The hurricane devastated the coastal town.
ハリケーンは沿岸の町を荒廃させた。
C1 noun /ˈdaɪhɑːrd/

diehard

Meaning
A person who strongly resists change and remains loyal to a belief or cause.
Example
He is a diehard fan of classic rock music.
C1 verb /ˈdræm.ə.taɪz/

dramatize

ドラマ化する
Meaning
to present a story in a dramatic way, or to exaggerate something
Example
The novel was dramatized into a popular TV series.
その小説は人気のテレビシリーズにドラマタイズされました。