B1 noun /kəʊˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən/

cooperation

協力

Meaning

The process of working together to the same end.

Example

Cooperation ensures effective problem-solving.

協力は効果的な問題解決を確保します。

C1 noun /ˈiːkwɪnɒks/

equinox

昼夜平衡

Meaning

The time or date when day and night are of equal length, occurring twice a year.

Example

The spring equinox marks the beginning of longer days.

春分は長い日が始まることを示します。

C1 noun ˌprɒf.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

profitability

収益性

Meaning

The degree to which a business or activity yields profit or financial gain.

Example

Increasing sales and reducing costs boosted profitability.

販売の増加とコスト削減により収益性が向上しました。

B1 noun /dɪˈtɛktɪv/

detective

探偵

Meaning

a person whose job is to investigate and solve crimes

Example

The detective solved the mystery in just two days.

探偵はわずか2日で謎を解決しました。

C1 adjective /ˈsiː.di/

Seedy

種でいっぱい; 汚くて評判が悪い; 廃れた

Meaning

squalid and disreputable; shabby and run-down; full of seeds

Example

They avoided walking through the seedy part of town at night.

彼らは夜に汚くて評判が悪い街の部分を歩くのを避けていた。

C1 noun /tækˈtɪʃ.ən/

tactician

戦術家

Meaning

a person who is skilled at planning and achieving goals, especially in military or business

Example

Napoleon was a brilliant tactician.

ナポレオンは素晴らしい戦術家でした。

C1 noun /baɪl/

Bile

胆汁

Meaning

a bitter greenish-brown alkaline fluid that aids digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder

Example

The liver produces bile to help digest fats.

肝臓は脂肪の消化を助けるために胆汁を生成します。

B2 verb /rɪˈzuːm/

resume

再開する

Meaning

to start again after a pause or interruption

Example

We will resume the meeting after lunch.

ランチの後に会議を再開します。

B2 noun/adjective /ˈtɜːrmɪnəl/

terminal

ターミナル、終点、末期の病

Meaning

As a noun: A place where transport routes begin or end. As an adjective: Relating to the end or final stage of something, often an illness.

Example

He waited for the bus at the central terminal.

彼は中央ターミナルでバスを待っていた。

C2 noun /ˈbɑːr.nɪ.kəl/

Barnacle

フジツボ

Meaning

a marine crustacean that attaches itself permanently to underwater surfaces

Example

The old ship's hull was covered with barnacles.

古い船の船体にはフジツボがびっしりと付いていた。

C2 adjective /ˈbaɪ.fərˌkeɪ.tɪd/

bifurcated

二つに分かれた

Meaning

Divided into two branches or parts.

Example

The river became bifurcated as it flowed around the island.

川は島の周りを流れる際に二つに分かれました。

A2 noun /tʃɜːrtʃ/

church

教会

Meaning

a building used for public Christian worship

Example

The old church in the village was built in the 18th century.

村の古い教会は18世紀に建てられました。

B2 adjective /ˈsæv.ɪdʒ/

Savage

野蛮な; 残酷な; 野生の

Meaning

extremely cruel or violent; wild and fierce; uncivilized

Example

The savage attack shocked everyone.

野蛮な攻撃はみんなを驚かせた。

C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.nɪ.tɪv/

punitive

懲罰的

Meaning

Inflicting or intended as punishment.

Example

The company faced punitive measures for violating the law.

その会社は法を違反したため、懲罰的措置に直面しました。

C2 adjective /ˈkɒrɪdʒəbl/

corrigible

修正可能

Meaning

capable of being corrected or improved

Example

The student's mistakes were corrigible with practice.

学生の誤りは練習で修正可能でした。

B2 noun /ˈæŋk.lət/

Anklet

足首飾り

Meaning

a piece of jewelry worn around the ankle

Example

She wore a beautiful silver anklet on her left foot.

彼女は左足に美しい銀のアンクレットを着けていた。

C1 noun /ɪmˈpɛd.ɪ.mənt/

impediment

障害

Meaning

A hindrance or obstruction in doing something; something that prevents progress.

Example

Lack of funds is a major impediment to the project.

資金不足はプロジェクトの大きな障害です。

C1 noun ˌdaɪvɜːsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

diversification

多様化

Meaning

The practice of spreading investments across various assets or sectors to reduce risk.

Example

Diversification helps to reduce investment risk.

ダイバーシフィケーションは投資リスクを減らすのに役立ちます。

B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

有望な

Meaning

showing signs of future success or potential

Example

She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.

彼女は素晴らしいアイデアを持つ、有望な若い科学者です。

B2 noun /ˈmæstərpiːs/

Masterpiece

傑作

Meaning

A work of outstanding artistry, skill, or workmanship

Example

The Mona Lisa is considered one of the greatest masterpieces of all time.

モナリザは、すべての時代で最も偉大な傑作の1つと見なされています。

B2 adjective /ˈfjʊə.ri.əs/

Furious

怒っている; 激怒した; 暴力的な;

Meaning

extremely angry; violent; fierce;

Example

She was furious when she discovered the mistake.

彼女はその間違いを発見したとき、怒っていました。

B1 verb /məˈsɑːʒ/

massage

マッサージする

Meaning

to rub and press muscles to relieve pain or tension; to manipulate information

Example

The therapist will massage your back to reduce muscle tension.

セラピストは筋肉の緊張を和らげるために背中をマッサージします。

C2 verb /əbˈtruːd/

obtrude

押し付ける

Meaning

to force oneself or one's ideas into a situation uninvited or inappropriately

Example

He didn’t want to obtrude into their private conversation.

彼は彼らのプライベートな会話に押し付けたくなかった。

C2 adjective /ˈrævənɪŋ/

ravening

非常に空腹で貪欲

Meaning

Extremely hungry and greedy; voracious.

Example

The ravening wolves circled the camp.

空腹の狼たちはキャンプを囲んだ。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈsəʊʃəbl/

unsociable

非社交的な

Meaning

not enjoying the company of others; avoiding social interaction

Example

He became unsociable after moving to a new city.

新しい街に引っ越してから、彼は非社交的になった。

B2 noun /ˈkæbɪnət/

Cabinet

キャビネット

Meaning

a piece of furniture with doors and shelves used for storage

Example

The kitchen cabinet is full of dishes and utensils.

キッチンキャビネットは皿と器具でいっぱいです。

B1 noun /dʒʌdʒ/

Judge

裁判官; 審判

Meaning

a public official appointed to decide cases in a law court; a person who decides the results of a competition

Example

The judge carefully reviewed all the evidence before making a decision.

裁判官は決定を下す前にすべての証拠を慎重に検討しました。

A2 noun /spiːd/

Speed

速度; スピード

Meaning

the rate at which someone or something moves or operates

Example

The car reached a speed of 100 miles per hour.

車は時速100マイルのスピードに達した。

C2 noun /bɪˈnɪɡnɪti/

Benignity

優しさ; 穏やかさ; 良いまたは親切な性質

Meaning

kindness; gentleness; the quality of being benign or gracious

Example

Her benignity towards all people made her beloved by everyone.

彼女の優しさは、彼女をすべての人々から愛される存在にしました。

C1 noun /ˈfoʊ.kəs ˈtræk.ɪŋ/

focus tracking

フォーカス追跡

Meaning

A technique of monitoring and maintaining attention on specific tasks or goals.

Example

Proper focus tracking improves productivity.

適切なフォーカス追跡は生産性を向上させます。

C1 verb /rɪˈpiːl/

repeal

Meaning

To officially cancel or revoke a law or decision.

Example

The government decided to repeal the outdated law.

B2 noun /slæŋ/

Slang

スラング; 不正な言葉

Meaning

very informal language that is usually spoken rather than written

Example

The teenagers used slang that their parents couldn't understand.

ティーンエイジャーは親が理解できないスラングを使いました。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈvaɪəbl/

unviable

実現不可能

Meaning

Not capable of working successfully; not feasible or practical.

Example

The project was deemed unviable due to high costs.

高額なコストのため、このプロジェクトは実現不可能と見なされました。

B2 noun /strɔː/

straw

ストローまたは茎

Meaning

a thin tube for sucking up liquids; dried stalks of grain plants

Example

She drank the juice through a straw.

彼女はストローでジュースを飲んだ。

B2 adjective /ˈhelp.ləs/

Helpless

無力; 助けがない; 脆弱

Meaning

unable to defend oneself or act without help; powerless; vulnerable

Example

The child felt helpless when lost in the crowded market.

その子供は混雑した市場で迷子になったとき、無力だと感じた。

C1 verb /prəˈlɪf.ə.reɪt/

proliferate

急速に増加する

Meaning

To increase rapidly in numbers; to grow or spread quickly and extensively.

Example

Startups tend to proliferate in a thriving economy.

スタートアップは、活況を呈している経済で急速に増加する傾向があります。

B2 noun /sɪˈver.ə.ti/

Severity

厳しさ; 重大さ; 激しさ

Meaning

the quality of being extremely serious or harsh; intensity of something bad

Example

The severity of the storm caused widespread damage across the city.

嵐の厳しさが街全体に広範囲の損害をもたらしました。

B2 verb /stɑːv/

starve

飢え死に

Meaning

to suffer or die from lack of food

Example

He was left to starve in the desert.

彼は砂漠で飢え死にするために放置された。

C1 noun /ˌmɑːr.kɪ.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/

marketability

市場性

Meaning

The possibility of commercial success for a product or service

Example

The new product's marketability depends on consumer demand.

新しい商品の市場性は消費者の需要に依存しています。

C2 noun /sælv/

salve

薬

Meaning

An ointment used to promote healing of the skin or as protection.

Example

She applied a salve to the burn on her hand.

彼女は手のやけどに薬を塗りました。

B2 adjective /ˈæm.pəl/

Ample

十分な; 充実した; 余裕のある

Meaning

large in size, extent, or capacity; plentiful; more than enough

Example

We have ample time to finish the project before the deadline.

プロジェクトを締め切り前に終わらせるための十分な時間があります。

C2 adjective /dɪˈmɒtɪk/

demotic

一般的な言語に関する

Meaning

relating to ordinary people or everyday language

Example

The poet used demotic language to connect with common readers.

詩人は一般の読者とつながるために一般的な言語に関する言葉を使った。

B2 adverb juːˈnæn.ɪ.məs.li

unanimously

全会一致で

Meaning

With the agreement of all people involved; without opposition.

Example

The proposal was unanimously accepted.

提案は全会一致で受け入れられました。

C1 noun ˈsɒl.vən.si

solvency

負債を超える資産の所有; 借金を返済する能力

Meaning

The possession of assets in excess of liabilities; ability to pay debts.

Example

The company's solvency improved after restructuring.

会社のソルベンシーは再編成後に改善されました。

C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌrʌnər/

forerunner

先駆者

Meaning

A person or thing that comes before another; a predecessor or harbinger.

Example

The Wright brothers were the forerunners of modern aviation.

ライト兄弟は現代の航空の先駆者でした。

B1 verb /pəʊs(t)ˈpəʊn/

postpone

延期する

Meaning

to delay something to a later time

Example

The meeting was postponed until next week.

会議は来週に延期されました。

C2 noun /ˈɛpəlɛt/

epaulet

肩章

Meaning

An ornamental shoulder piece on a garment, especially on the coat or jacket of a military uniform.

Example

The general’s uniform had a golden epaulet on each shoulder.

将軍の制服は、両肩に金色のエポーレットが付いていた。

B1 noun ˌɔː.ɡən.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃənz

organizations

組織

Meaning

Organized groups of people with a particular purpose

Example

Organizations play a key role in policymaking.

組織は政策形成において重要な役割を果たします。

C1 verb /əˈkwɪt/

acquit

無罪を言い渡す

Meaning

to declare someone not guilty of a criminal charge; to conduct oneself in a specified way

Example

The jury decided to acquit the defendant of all charges.

陪審員は被告をすべての告発から無罪にすると決定しました。

C1 noun /ˈfɔɪeɪr/

foyer

ロビー

Meaning

An entrance hall or lobby in a building.

Example

The guests waited in the hotel foyer before checking in.

ゲストはチェックインする前にホテルのロビーで待っていました。

C1 noun kənˈsjuː.mə.rɪ.zəm

consumerism

消費主義

Meaning

The tendency to increase consumption of goods and the importance given to consuming products.

Example

Modern consumerism leads to increased demand for luxury goods.

現代の消費主義は高級品の需要の増加を引き起こします。

B1 adjective /əˈlɜːrt/

alert

警戒

Meaning

quick to notice and respond to potential danger or issues; aware and attentive

Example

The alert dog barked at the stranger approaching the house.

警戒している犬は家に近づいてくる見知らぬ人に吠えました。

C2 verb /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛs/

convalesce

病気や治療後に健康と体力を回復すること

Meaning

to recover health and strength after illness or medical treatment

Example

After the surgery, she spent several weeks convalescing at home.

手術後、彼女は家で数週間回復しました。

B2 adjective /ˌʌnɪˈmædʒənəbəl/

Unimaginable

想像を絶する

Meaning

impossible to conceive; beyond imagination

Example

The scale of destruction was unimaginable until we saw it firsthand.

破壊の規模は想像を絶するもので、私たちはそれを目の当たりにするまでわかりませんでした。

C2 adjective /ˌhɑːrdˈbɪtn̩/

hard-bitten

頑固で経験豊富

Meaning

tough and experienced, not easily affected by emotions or hardship

Example

The hard-bitten detective showed no sign of surprise at the crime scene.

その経験豊富な探偵は犯罪現場で驚きの兆候を見せませんでした。

C1 verb /ˈæmpjʊteɪt/

amputate

切断する

Meaning

to cut off a limb from the body by surgery

Example

The doctors had to amputate his leg after the accident.

事故の後、医師は彼の足を切断しなければなりませんでした。

B2 adjective ˌkɒn.trəˈvɜː.ʃəl

controversial

論争の的

Meaning

Giving rise to public disagreement or heated discussion.

Example

The policy remains controversial.

その政策は論争を呼び起こし続けています。

B1 noun /ˈdɪstrɪkt/

district

地区

Meaning

a specific area of a country, city, or town, often with official boundaries

Example

She lives in the northern district of the city.

彼女は街の北地区に住んでいます。

B2 noun /ɪnˈθuziæst/

enthusiast

熱狂的なファン

Meaning

a person who is very interested in a particular activity or subject

Example

He is a football enthusiast and watches every match.

彼はサッカーenthusiastで、毎試合見ています。

C2 noun /ɪnˈtræn.sɪ.dʒəns/

intransigence

不屈

Meaning

Refusal to change one's views or to agree about something.

Example

The negotiations failed due to the intransigence of both parties.

両者の不屈の姿勢のために交渉は失敗した。

B1 noun /ˈprɒf.ɪt/

Profit

利益

Meaning

money that is earned in trade or business after paying costs

Example

The company made a significant profit this quarter.

その会社はこの四半期にかなりの利益を上げました。

C1 adjective /ˈhɛdˌstrɔŋ/

headstrong

頑固

Meaning

Determined to do what one wants, even if it is not sensible.

Example

The headstrong child refused to listen to anyone.

頑固な子供は誰の話も聞こうとしませんでした。

C1 noun /teɪnt/

Taint

汚点; マーク; 腐敗または汚染

Meaning

a stain or mark that spoils something; corruption or contamination

Example

The scandal left a permanent taint on his reputation.

スキャンダルは彼の評判に永続的な汚点を残しました。

A2 noun /ˈket.əl/

Kettle

やかん

Meaning

a container used for boiling water, typically with a lid, spout, and handle

Example

The electric kettle whistled when the water reached boiling point.

電気ケトルは水が沸騰点に達したときに笛のような音を立てました。

C2 verb /swɪl/

swill

がぶがぶ飲む

Meaning

to drink something greedily or in large amounts

Example

He swilled down the beer in seconds.

彼は数秒でビールを飲み干した。

C1 verb /rɪˈzaʊnd/

resound

反響する

Meaning

To fill a place with sound; to be celebrated or talked about widely.

Example

The hall resounded with applause.

ホールは拍手で反響しました。

B2 noun /ˌfer.ˈwel/

Farewell

さようなら

Meaning

an act of parting or of marking someone's departure

Example

The company organized a farewell party for the retiring manager.

会社は退職するマネージャーのためにさようならパーティーを開催しました。

B2 adverb /rɪˈpɔːtɪdli/

reportedly

報告によると

Meaning

according to what is said or believed, although not confirmed

Example

The company has reportedly agreed to the new terms.

その会社はreportedly新しい条件に同意しました。

B1 adjective /ˈklæsɪkəl/

classical

古典的または伝統的な

Meaning

relating to ancient Greek or Roman culture, or representing traditional excellence in art, music, or literature

Example

She loves listening to classical music while studying.

彼女は勉強中にクラシック音楽を聴くのが好きです。

A2 adverb/adjective/verb /ˈfɜːrðər/

further

進める

Meaning

At a greater distance; to advance or promote something.

Example

She studied hard to further her career.

彼女はキャリアを進めるために一生懸命勉強した。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈseɪʃəbl̩/

insatiable

満たされない

Meaning

impossible to satisfy; always wanting more

Example

Her insatiable curiosity drove her to read every book in the library.

彼女の満たされない好奇心は、図書館のすべての本を読むように彼女を駆り立てた。

C2 noun /ˌvɪvɪˈsɛkʃən/

vivisection

科学研究のために生きた動物に手術を行うこと

Meaning

the practice of performing operations on live animals for scientific research

Example

Vivisection has long been a controversial topic among scientists and animal rights activists.

ビビセクションは長年にわたり、科学者と動物の権利活動家の間で物議を醸してきました。

C1 verb /ɪnˈlɪst/

enlist

登録する

Meaning

to join or sign up, especially for military service; to secure someone's support or help

Example

He decided to enlist in the army after graduation.

彼は卒業後に軍隊に入隊することに決めました。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈvʌlnərəbl/

invulnerable

無敵

Meaning

Impossible to harm, damage, or defeat.

Example

The fortress was thought to be invulnerable to attack.

その要塞は攻撃に対して無敵だと考えられていた。

A1 adjective /ˈspɛʃəl/

special

特別

Meaning

different from what is usual; better or greater than normal

Example

This gift is very special to me.

このギフトは私にとってとても特別です。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnkoʊˈɜːrsəbl̩/

incoercible

強制できない

Meaning

Not capable of being forced, compelled, or restrained.

Example

Her incoercible spirit inspired others to fight for justice.

彼女の強制できない精神は他の人々に正義のために戦うようにインスパイアした。

C2 adjective /ˈfrɒlɪksəm/

Frolicsome

遊び好きな; 陽気な; 元気な

Meaning

joyful; playful; merry; cheerful

Example

The frolicsome children laughed and played in the park.

遊び好きな子供たちは公園で笑い、遊んでいました。

C1 adjective /ɪˈklɛktɪk/

eclectic

エクレクティック

Meaning

Selecting or deriving ideas, styles, or tastes from a broad and diverse range of sources.

Example

Her taste in music is eclectic, ranging from classical to hip-hop.

彼女の音楽の好みはエクレクティックで、クラシックからヒップホップまで幅広いです。

C2 adjective /ˌɪnsəˈprɛsəbl/

insuppressible

抑制できない

Meaning

That cannot be suppressed or restrained.

Example

She had an insuppressible urge to laugh during the ceremony.

式の間、彼女は抑制できない笑いをこらえていた。

C1 verb /pərˈsɑːnɪfaɪ/

personify

幸福

Meaning

To represent or embody a quality, idea, or concept in human form.

Example

She personifies kindness and generosity.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

C2 verb /ˈkɒdʒɪteɪt/

cogitate

熟考する

Meaning

to think deeply about something; to meditate or reflect

Example

He sat by the river to cogitate on his future plans.

彼は川のそばに座って、未来の計画について考えました。

C1 verb /flɑp/

flop

失敗

Meaning

to fall or move heavily and clumsily; to fail completely

Example

The new movie flopped at the box office.

新しい映画は興行成績が振るわなかった。

C2 verb /ˌmɪsəˈproʊpriˌeɪt/

misappropriate

不正流用する

Meaning

to use something dishonestly or illegally for one's own purposes

Example

He was accused of misappropriating company funds.

彼は会社の資金を不正に流用したとして告発されました。

A2 noun /ˈʃaʊər/

shower

Meaning

a brief fall of rain or snow or a device for taking a bath or washing oneself

Example

After the workout, I took a quick shower to refresh myself.

C1 noun /ˈblɛm.ɪʃ/

blemish

欠点

Meaning

A small mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something.

Example

The mirror had a small blemish on the surface.

鏡には表面に小さな欠点があった。

B2 noun /ˈkæp.ʃən/

caption

キャプション

Meaning

a brief explanation or description accompanying an illustration or photograph

Example

The caption under the photo explained who the people were.

写真の下のキャプションは、誰がその人々であるかを説明しました。

B1 verb /ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/

multiply

掛け算

Meaning

to increase in number; to perform mathematical multiplication

Example

The bacteria multiply rapidly in warm conditions.

細菌は温暖な条件で急速に増殖します。

C2 adjective /ˌpəʊstˈprændɪəl/

postprandial

食後

Meaning

Occurring after a meal.

Example

He went for a postprandial walk after dinner.

彼は夕食後にポストプランディアルウォークに出かけた。

B1 adjective /rɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/

remaining

残り

Meaning

still existing or left after others are gone or dealt with

Example

There were only a few remaining tickets for the concert.

コンサートのチケットは残りわずかでした。

B2 adjective /ˈstɜːrdi/

sturdy

頑丈

Meaning

strongly and solidly built; not easily weakened

Example

The carpenter made a sturdy wooden table.

大工は頑丈な木製のテーブルを作った。

B2 noun /ˈæktɪˌvɪzəm/

activism

アクティビズム

Meaning

The policy or action of using vigorous campaigning to bring about political or social change.

Example

Her environmental activism inspired many young people to take action.

彼女の環境アクティビズムは多くの若者に行動を促した。

C2 noun /ˈfɔːrkɔːrt/

forecourt

前庭

Meaning

an open area in front of a large building, especially a petrol station or hotel

Example

The car was parked in the hotel forecourt.

車はホテルの前庭に駐車されていました。

B2 noun /ˈdaɪ.vər/

Diver

ダイバー

Meaning

a type of water bird that dives underwater to catch fish

Example

The diver disappeared beneath the surface to catch a fish.

ダイバーは魚を捕まえるために水面下に消えました。

B2 noun ɪnˈfleɪʃən

inflation

インフレーション

Meaning

A general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Example

Inflation erodes the purchasing power of consumers.

インフレーションは消費者の購買力を減少させる。

B2 noun /ˈsɪmfəni/

Symphony

交響曲

Meaning

an elaborate musical composition for full orchestra, typically in four movements

Example

The orchestra performed Beethoven's Fifth Symphony.

オーケストラはベートーヴェンの交響曲第5番を演奏した。

B1 noun /ˈreɪn.boʊ/

Rainbow

虹

Meaning

an arch of colors formed in the sky by sunlight shining through rain

Example

After the storm, a beautiful rainbow appeared in the sky.

嵐の後、空に美しい虹が現れました。

C1 noun /ˈkæn.dɚ/

candor

率直

Meaning

The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward in speech or expression.

Example

She spoke with candor about the challenges she faced.

彼女は直面した課題について率直に話しました。

B2 noun ɔːɡˈmɛn.tɪd riˈæl.ɪ.ti

augmented reality

拡張現実、仮想と現実世界の融合

Meaning

Technology that overlays digital information on the real world environment.

Example

Gaming has been transformed by augmented reality.

拡張現実がゲームを変えました。

C1 noun /ˈsuːdənɪm/

pseudonym

筆名

Meaning

a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name

Example

Mark Twain was the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.

マーク・トウェインはサミュエル・クレメンスの筆名でした。

C1 adjective /sɪˈkluːdɪd/

secluded

人里離れた

Meaning

Placed apart from other people or things; private and quiet.

Example

They spent their vacation in a secluded beach house.

彼らは人里離れたビーチハウスで休暇を過ごしました。

C1 adjective /əˈsɛndənt/

ascendant

上昇する、支配的な

Meaning

Rising in power or influence; dominant.

Example

She is an ascendant leader in the political party.

彼女は政治党の中で上昇するリーダーです。

C1 verb /ˈɪmplɪˌkeɪt/

implicate

関与する

Meaning

To show someone’s involvement in a crime or wrongdoing.

Example

The evidence implicated several officials in the scandal.

証拠はスキャンダルに関与した何人かの職員を示した。

C2 verb /proʊˈskraɪb/

proscribe

禁止する

Meaning

to forbid something by law or authority

Example

The new law will proscribe the use of harmful chemicals in farming.

新しい法律は農業で有害な化学物質の使用を禁止します。

C2 noun /ˈhækəlz/

hackles

Meaning

the hairs on the back of an animal’s neck that rise when it is angry or alarmed; figuratively, feelings of anger or resentment

Example

His rude comment raised my hackles.

A2 noun ˈen.ə.dʒi

energy

エネルギー

Meaning

Power derived from the utilization of physical or chemical resources, especially to provide light and heat or to work machines.

Example

Clean energy sources help reduce pollution.

クリーンエネルギー源は汚染を減らすのに役立ちます。

C2 verb /ˌænɪmədˈvɜːt/

animadvert

批判する

Meaning

To comment critically or unfavorably.

Example

The teacher animadverted on the student's careless mistakes.

教師は生徒の不注意なミスを批判しました。

C2 noun /ˈkloʊtʃər/

cloture

討論終了手続き

Meaning

a procedure for ending a debate and taking a vote.

Example

The Senate invoked cloture to end the lengthy debate.

上院は長時間の討論を終わらせるためにクロチュールを適用しました。

B2 noun /ˈvæn.ɪ.ti/

Vanity

虚栄心

Meaning

excessive pride in one's appearance or achievements; the quality of being worthless or pointless

Example

Her vanity made her spend hours looking at herself in the mirror.

彼女の虚栄心は、鏡の前で何時間も自分を見つめさせた。

C1 noun /ˌkɒŋɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/

congregation

集会

Meaning

a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose

Example

The congregation gathered to hear the sermon.

集会は説教を聞くために集まりました。

B2 noun /dʒɔɪnt/

Joint

関節; 共同

Meaning

a point at which parts of the body are connected; shared by two or more people

Example

The joint effort of the team led to the project's success.

チームの共同の努力がプロジェクトの成功を導きました。

C2 noun /vɪm/

vim

活力

Meaning

energy and enthusiasm

Example

She performed the dance with great vim and vigor.

彼女は大きな活力と熱意でダンスを披露しました。

B1 verb /ɪmˈprɛs/

impress

感動させる

Meaning

to cause someone to feel admiration or respect

Example

Her speech managed to impress the audience.

彼女のスピーチは聴衆を感動させました。

C2 noun /ˈsɒlɪˌsɪzəm/

solecism

文法ミス

Meaning

a grammatical mistake in speech or writing; a breach of good manners or etiquette

Example

His speech was full of solecisms and awkward phrases.

彼のスピーチは文法ミスと不器用なフレーズでいっぱいだった。

C1 verb /ˈkrɒs.briːd/

crossbreed

交配

Meaning

to produce an animal or plant by mating two different breeds, varieties, or species

Example

Farmers crossbreed cows to improve milk production.

農家は牛の乳生産を向上させるために交配します。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈæpt/

Inapt

不適切; 不適当

Meaning

not suitable; inappropriate; unfit

Example

His comment was inapt for the formal meeting.

彼のコメントは正式な会議には不適切でした。

B2 verb /ˈsprɪŋkəl/

sprinkle

Meaning

to scatter small drops or particles of a substance over a surface

Example

She sprinkled sugar on top of the cake.

A2 preposition /dɪˈspaɪt/

despite

にもかかわらず

Meaning

Without being affected by; in spite of.

Example

He continued his work despite the difficulties.

困難にもかかわらず、彼は仕事を続けました。

C1 noun /mjuːˈteɪʃn/

mutation

突然変異、遺伝的変化

Meaning

A change in form, structure, or nature, especially in genetics.

Example

Scientists discovered a genetic mutation that caused the disorder.

科学者たちは、その障害を引き起こした遺伝的な突然変異を発見しました。

C2 verb /ˈproʊtjuːbəreɪt/

protuberate

膨らむ

Meaning

To swell out or bulge.

Example

The roots began to protuberate from the ground.

根は地面から膨らみ始めました。

B2 noun /ˈmɛkəˌnɪzəm/

mechanism

機構

Meaning

A system of parts working together in a machine; a process or technique for achieving something.

Example

The mechanism of the clock stopped working after years of use.

時計の機構は長年の使用後に動作を停止した。

C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzuːbərənt/

exuberant

興奮した

Meaning

full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness

Example

The children were exuberant after winning the game.

子供たちはゲームに勝った後、興奮していました。