cation-exchange
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C2 noun /ˈkæt.aɪ.ɒn ɪksˌtʃeɪndʒ/

cation-exchange

陽イオン交換
Meaning
A chemical process in soil that helps retain nutrients.
Example
The cation-exchange capacity of soil affects plant growth.
土壌の陽イオン交換容量は植物の成長に影響を与える。
C2 adjective /ˈwɪznd/

wizened

しわくちゃな
Meaning
Shriveled, wrinkled, or withered, often due to age.
Example
The wizened tree stood in the field for centuries.
そのしわくちゃな木は何世代にもわたって野原に立っていた。
C2 noun /ɪmˈbroʊlioʊ/

imbroglio

困惑
Meaning
An extremely confused, complicated, or embarrassing situation.
Example
The political imbroglio lasted for months without resolution.
政治的な困惑は数ヶ月間解決なしで続きました。
C2 noun /ˌhɛtərəʤəˈniːɪti/

heterogeneity

異質性
Meaning
the quality or state of being diverse in character or content
Example
The cultural heterogeneity of the city makes it vibrant and unique.
その都市の文化的異質性は、それを活気に満ちたユニークなものにしています。
C2 adjective /ˈsɪnjuːi/

sinewy

筋肉質で強い
Meaning
Lean and muscular; strong and tough.
Example
The athlete had a sinewy build that showed his strength.
そのアスリートは筋肉質な体型をしており、力強さを示していた。
C2 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃə/

differentia

区別する特徴
Meaning
A distinguishing characteristic that sets one thing apart from another.
Example
The differentia of humans is their ability to reason abstractly.
人間の区別する特徴は抽象的に考える能力です。
C2 adjective /ˈpɑːmi/

palmy

繁栄 / 栄光
Meaning
prosperous, flourishing, or relating to palm trees
Example
He often reminisced about the palmy days of his youth.
彼は若い頃の繁栄した日々をよく思い出していました。
C2 noun /ˈstrɪk.tʃər/

stricture

制限、批判
Meaning
a restriction or limitation; a critical remark
Example
The new law placed a severe stricture on free speech.
新しい法律は言論の自由に厳しい制限を課した。
C2 noun /ˈstænʃən/

stanchion

支柱
Meaning
a strong upright bar or post used as support or to control movement
Example
The red rope was attached to the stanchions to guide the crowd.
赤いロープは群衆を導くためにスタンションに取り付けられていた。
C2 adjective /ˈvɛntrəl/

ventral

腹側の
Meaning
relating to the underside or abdominal part of an animal or organ
Example
The fish has a white ventral surface.
その魚は白い腹側の表面を持っています。
C2 noun /lɒx/

loch

Meaning
a lake or sea inlet, especially in Scotland
Example
Tourists visit Loch Ness to search for the legendary monster.
観光客はロッホ・ネスに行き、伝説の怪物を探します。
C2 adjective /ˈkɪŋ.ki/

Kinky

変わった性的習慣; カールした髪
Meaning
having or involving unconventional sexual practices; having tight curls or bends
Example
His kinky hair made him look unique.
彼のくるくるした髪は彼をユニークに見せました。
C2 noun /ˈbɒnəmi/

bonhomie

友好
Meaning
Cheerful friendliness and geniality.
Example
The meeting was filled with laughter and bonhomie.
会議は笑いと友好で満ちていた。
C2 verb /dʒɛˈstɪkjʊleɪt/

gesticulate

ジェスチキュレート
Meaning
to use gestures, especially dramatic ones, instead of speaking or to emphasize one's words
Example
He gesticulated wildly to get their attention.
彼は彼らの注意を引くために激しくジェスチャーをしていた。
C2 verb /ˈdʒɛn.juˌflɛkt/

genuflect

Meaning
to bend one or both knees as a sign of reverence or worship
Example
The worshippers genuflect before the altar.
C2 adjective əˈdrɔɪt

adroit

器用な, 巧妙な, うまい
Meaning
clever or skillful in using the hands or mind.
Example
She is adroit at solving complex problems.
彼女は複雑な問題を解決するのが得意です。
C2 noun /ˌtɛliˈɒlədʒi/

teleology

目的論
Meaning
the explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than by cause
Example
Aristotle is often associated with the concept of teleology in philosophy.
アリストテレスは哲学における目的論の概念としばしば関連付けられます。
C2 noun /rɛtʃ/

wretch

不幸な人
Meaning
an unfortunate or miserable person; a despicable or contemptible person
Example
The poor wretch was left out in the cold with no shelter.
貧しい不幸な人は避難所なしで寒さの中に放置された。
C2 noun /ˈbɔːlsəm/

Balsam

バルサムの花
Meaning
a flowering plant with colorful blooms that often open in the evening; also refers to aromatic resin
Example
The garden balsam flowers bloomed beautifully in various shades of pink and purple.
庭のバルサムの花はピンクと紫のさまざまな色合いで美しく咲いていました。
C2 verb /ɪkˈstɛnjueɪt/

extenuate

軽減する
Meaning
to make an offense, fault, or situation seem less serious by providing an excuse or explanation
Example
The lawyer tried to extenuate his client's actions by highlighting his difficult childhood.
弁護士は、クライアントの難しい幼少期を強調して彼の行動を軽減しようとしました。
C2 noun /ˈkælvəri/

calvary

Meaning
A place or experience of intense suffering, originally the site of Jesus’s crucifixion.
Example
For many refugees, the journey across the desert was a calvary.
C2 noun, verb /ˈæseɪ/

assay

分析
Meaning
To test or analyze the quality, purity, or content of a substance; the act of such testing.
Example
The scientists assayed the mineral sample for gold content.
科学者たちは金の含有量を調べるために鉱物サンプルをアセイしました。
C2 adjective /traɪˈɛniəl/

triennial

三年ごとの
Meaning
Occurring once every three years.
Example
The art festival is a triennial event in the city.
アートフェスティバルはこの都市の三年ごとのイベントです。
C2 noun /ˈstrɪndʒənsi/

stringency

厳格さ
Meaning
the quality of being strict, precise, or severe
Example
The stringency of the new rules surprised everyone.
新しい規則の厳格さはみんなを驚かせました。
C2 noun /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɑː.lə.sɪs/

electrolysis

電解
Meaning
A chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution.
Example
Electrolysis is used to separate hydrogen from water.
電解は水から水素を分離するために使用されます。
C2 verb, noun /ˈɡoʊld.brɪk/

goldbrick

仕事を避ける
Meaning
to avoid work or duty; a person who shirks responsibility
Example
He was accused of goldbricking while the rest of the team worked hard.
彼は仕事を避けていると非難されたが、他のチームは一生懸命働いていた。
C2 noun /ˈhɪl.sə fɪʃ/

Hilsa fish

ヒルサ魚
Meaning
a popular fish species found in South Asian rivers, especially prized in Bengali cuisine
Example
Hilsa fish is considered a delicacy in Bengali culture.
ヒルサフィッシュはベンガル文化ではごちそうと見なされています。
C2 noun /ˈkriːməri/

creamery

クリーム製造所
Meaning
a place where milk and cream are processed and dairy products are made
Example
The local creamery produces fresh butter and cheese daily.
地元のクリーム製造所は毎日新鮮なバターとチーズを作っています。
C2 noun ˌɛr.jʊˈdɪʃ.ən

erudition

博学
Meaning
The quality of having or showing great knowledge or learning; scholarship.
Example
His erudition in history impressed the entire audience.
彼の歴史に関する博学は全ての聴衆を感心させた。
C2 adjective /ˌsɪkəˈfæntɪk/

sycophantic

お世辞
Meaning
Behaving in a way that is excessively obedient or servile to gain favor.
Example
His sycophantic behavior annoyed his colleagues.
彼のお世辞な振る舞いは同僚をうんざりさせた。
C2 adjective /əˈpɒ.krɪ.fəl/

apocryphal

疑わしい
Meaning
Of doubtful authenticity, though widely circulated as true.
Example
The story about him saving the village is probably apocryphal.
彼が村を救ったという話は、おそらく疑わしい。
C2 verb /bɪˈleɪbər/

belabor

Meaning
to argue or elaborate on a subject in excessive detail; to attack verbally or physically
Example
The professor belabored the point until the students grew restless.
C2 noun /ˈpætwɑː/

patois

方言
Meaning
a regional or social dialect, especially one considered nonstandard or informal
Example
The guide slipped into local patois when chatting with the fishermen.
ガイドは漁師と話すときに現地のパトワを使い始めました。
C2 noun /ɪnˈsuːsiəns/

insouciance

無関心
Meaning
Casual lack of concern; indifference.
Example
She carried herself with an air of insouciance, unbothered by the challenges ahead.
彼女は無関心な態度で歩いていた、前にある挑戦を気にせずに。
C2 verb /ɪˈnjʊər/

inure

慣れる
Meaning
To become accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.
Example
Soldiers quickly became inured to the harsh conditions.
兵士たちはすぐに過酷な状況に慣れました。
C2 noun /ˌhæŋ.ki ˈpæŋ.ki/

Hanky-Panky

詐欺; 疑わしい活動; 不道徳な行動; ごまかし
Meaning
dishonest or suspicious activity; unethical behavior; trickery or deception
Example
The audit revealed some hanky-panky in the company's financial records.
監査により、会社の財務記録に詐欺が発覚しました。
C2 adjective /ˌmʌl.tɪˈfeə.ri.əs/

Multifarious

多様な; 多方面の
Meaning
having many different aspects or forms; diverse and varied
Example
The company has multifarious business interests including technology, finance, and healthcare.
その会社には、テクノロジー、金融、ヘルスケアを含む多様なビジネス利益があります。
C2 noun, verb /ˈhæmstrɪŋ/

hamstring

太ももの後ろの腱; 動詞として、誰かまたは何かの効果を制限または著しく制限する
Meaning
a tendon at the back of the thigh; as a verb, to cripple or severely restrict the effectiveness of someone or something.
Example
Budget cuts hamstrung the organization’s plans.
予算削減により、組織の計画が弱体化しました。
C2 noun /ˈtʊrnɪkɪt/

tourniquet

止血帯
Meaning
a device used to stop bleeding by compressing blood vessels
Example
The medic applied a tourniquet to stop the bleeding.
医師は出血を止めるために止血帯を使用しました。
C2 noun /mjuːz/

mews

路地/小道
Meaning
A row or street of houses or apartments that have been converted from stables or built to look like former stables.
Example
They rented a small flat in a quiet London mews.
彼らはロンドンの静かなミューズに小さなアパートを借りました。
C2 noun /liːdʒ/

liege

領主
Meaning
A feudal lord entitled to allegiance and service; a loyal subject.
Example
The knight pledged loyalty to his liege.
騎士は彼の領主に忠誠を誓った。
C2 noun /ˈkæn.toʊ/

canto

カント
Meaning
A main division of a long poem, especially in epic poetry.
Example
The Divine Comedy is divided into several cantos.
神曲は複数のカントに分かれています。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛksərəbl/

inexorable

避けられない
Meaning
Impossible to stop or prevent; relentless.
Example
The inexorable rise of technology is changing every aspect of life.
テクノロジーの避けられない上昇は、生活のすべての側面を変えています。
C2 adjective /ˈskʌr.ɪ.ləs/

scurrilous

中傷的な
Meaning
Using or expressed in coarse, abusive, or slanderous language.
Example
The politician faced criticism for his scurrilous remarks about his opponent.
その政治家は対立候補についての中傷的な発言で批判を浴びた。
C2 noun /ˌɪn.ɪˈbraɪ.ə.ti/

inebriety

酩酊
Meaning
the state of being drunk or intoxicated
Example
His frequent inebriety led to the loss of his job.
彼の頻繁な酩酊は仕事を失う原因となった。
C2 adjective /ˈtʃɛəri/

chary

用心
Meaning
cautious or wary about doing something
Example
She was chary of investing in the new business venture.
彼女は新しいビジネスに投資することに慎重だった。
C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

生き生きさせる
Meaning
to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven
Example
The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.
教師の熱意が退屈な講義を生き生きとさせました。
C2 noun /moʊt/

mote

微粒
Meaning
A tiny particle or speck, especially of dust.
Example
A mote of dust floated in the sunlight.
ほこりの微粒が日光の中で浮かんでいた。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

初期の
Meaning
in an initial stage; beginning to develop
Example
The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.
初期の嵐が空を暗く重くさせた。
C2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈstraɪd/

overstride

大きな一歩で越える
Meaning
To stride over something; to step across with long steps.
Example
He managed to overstride the narrow stream with ease.
彼は狭い小川を簡単に越えることができました。
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛstəsi/

intestacy

遺言なしで死亡
Meaning
The condition of dying without having made a valid will.
Example
His estate was divided according to the laws of intestacy.
彼の財産は遺言なしでの法則に従って分けられた。
C2 noun /ˌiː.kəʊ.tɒkˈsɪ.kə.lə.dʒi/

ecotoxicology

エコトキシコロジー
Meaning
The study of the effects of chemical pollution on the environment.
Example
Ecotoxicology studies the effects of pesticides on wildlife.
エコトキシコロジーは農薬が野生動物に与える影響を研究しています。
C2 verb /ˈæktʃueɪt/

actuate

作動させる
Meaning
to put into action or motion; to motivate or activate
Example
The engineer actuated the machine with a simple switch.
エンジニアは簡単なスイッチで機械を作動させました。
C2 verb /ˈɡrʌvəl/

grovel

Meaning
To act in an excessively humble or submissive way to gain favor.
Example
He groveled before his boss to avoid punishment.
C2 noun /dɪˌsɪdəˈreɪtəm/

desideratum

必要な物
Meaning
something that is desired or considered necessary
Example
For many students, financial aid is a desideratum.
多くの学生にとって、経済援助は必要な物です。
C2 verb /ˌriː.kəˈpɪtʃ.ə.leɪt/

recapitulate

要約する
Meaning
To summarize and state again the main points of something.
Example
The teacher asked the student to recapitulate the lesson.
教師は生徒にレッスンを要約するように頼みました。
C2 verb /ˈdɒdə/

dodder

震えながら歩く
Meaning
To move in a weak and unsteady way, especially due to old age.
Example
The old man doddered across the street with a cane.
老人は杖をついて震えながら通りを歩いていました。
C2 adjective /ɔːˈɡʌst/

august

威厳
Meaning
Respected and impressive; inspiring reverence or admiration.
Example
The king entered the hall with an august presence.
王は威厳のある存在感でホールに入ってきた。
C2 noun /ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd/

verisimilitude

真実味
Meaning
the appearance of being true or real
Example
The movie was praised for its verisimilitude to actual events.
その映画は実際の出来事に対する真実味で賞賛されました。
C2 noun /ˈɑːr.bɪ.trɑːʒ/

arbitrage

アービトラージ
Meaning
The simultaneous buying and selling of securities in different markets to take advantage of differing prices.
Example
Investors use arbitrage to make profits in global markets.
投資家はアービトラージを利用してグローバル市場で利益を得ます。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈdɛkərəs/

indecorous

不作法
Meaning
Not in keeping with good taste and propriety; improper.
Example
His indecorous behavior shocked the audience.
彼の不作法な振る舞いは観客を驚かせた。
C2 noun /ˈbroʊmaɪd/

bromide

ありきたりなアイデア
Meaning
A trite or unoriginal idea or remark; also a chemical compound of bromine.
Example
His speech was full of old bromides about hard work.
彼のスピーチは、努力についての古いありきたりなアイデアでいっぱいだった。
C2 noun /ˈmʌskɪt/

musket

古いタイプの銃
Meaning
a type of long gun used in the past, especially by infantry soldiers
Example
The soldiers carried muskets into the battlefield.
兵士たちは戦場にマスケットを持ち込んだ。
C2 adjective /ʌnˈʌtərəbl/

unutterable

言葉では表現できない
Meaning
Too great, intense, or awful to be expressed or described in words.
Example
She was filled with unutterable joy at the news of her success.
彼女は成功の知らせを聞いたとき、言葉では言い表せないほどの喜びで満たされていました。
C2 adjective /ˌsuː.pɚˈsɪl.i.əs/

supercilious

傲慢な
Meaning
Behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others; arrogant and disdainful.
Example
She gave him a supercilious smile as if he was beneath her.
彼女は彼に傲慢な笑顔を見せた、まるで彼が彼女より下のように。
C2 noun /ɛmˈpɔːriəm/

emporium

大規模な店
Meaning
A large retail store selling a wide variety of goods.
Example
They visited the new emporium to buy furniture and home decor.
彼らは新しいエンポリウムを訪れて、家具とホームデコールを買いました。
C2 noun /ˌnɛɡlɪˈʒeɪ/

negligee

軽いシルクの寝間着
Meaning
A woman's light dressing gown, often made of thin or silky material.
Example
She wore a silk negligee before going to bed.
彼女は寝る前にシルクのネグリジェを着ていました。
C2 adjective /daɪˈdæktɪk/

didactic

教育的な
Meaning
Intended to teach, often with a moral lesson.
Example
The novel is not just entertaining but also didactic in nature.
その小説はただの娯楽ではなく、教育的な性質も持っている。
C2 adjective /əbˈtruːsɪv/

obtrusive

目障りな
Meaning
noticeable in an unpleasant or unwelcome way; intrusive
Example
The advertisement was so obtrusive that it ruined the user’s experience.
その広告はあまりにも目立ちすぎて、ユーザーの体験を台無しにしました。
C2 noun /ˈstrɪplɪŋ/

stripling

若者
Meaning
a young man who is not yet fully grown
Example
The stripling dreamed of becoming a brave knight.
その若者は勇敢な騎士になることを夢見ていた。
C2 adjective /stɛnˈtɔːriən/

stentorian

雷鳴のような
Meaning
Extremely loud and powerful in sound.
Example
The teacher’s stentorian voice quieted the noisy classroom.
教師の雷鳴のような声が騒々しい教室を静めた。
C2 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈmænd/

countermand

命令を取り消す
Meaning
to revoke or cancel an order or command
Example
The general countermanded the previous orders immediately.
将軍は前の命令を直ちに取り消しました。
C2 noun /priːˈɛmɪnəns/

preeminence

卓越
Meaning
The fact of surpassing all others; superiority.
Example
The university has gained preeminence in medical research.
その大学は医学研究において卓越性を獲得しました。
C2 noun /liːən/

lien

留置権
Meaning
A legal right to keep possession of property until a debt is paid.
Example
The bank placed a lien on the house until the mortgage was cleared.
銀行は住宅にリース権を設定しました、住宅ローンが清算されるまで。
C2 adjective /ɪnˈeɪliənəbl/

inalienable

譲渡不可能
Meaning
Unable to be taken away or transferred; absolute and permanent.
Example
Freedom of speech is an inalienable right.
言論の自由は譲渡不可能な権利です。
C2 adjective /ˈmjuːtəbl/

mutable

可変の
Meaning
Capable of change or alteration.
Example
Human emotions are mutable and can shift rapidly.
人間の感情は可変的で、迅速に変わることがあります。
C2 verb /ˌdɪsɪnˈtɜːr/

disinter

掘り出す
Meaning
to dig up something buried, especially a body
Example
The archaeologists disinterred ancient remains from the site.
考古学者たちはそのサイトから古代の遺骸を掘り出しました。
C2 noun/verb /ˈmæn.ə.kəl/

manacle

手錠
Meaning
A metal shackle for fastening someone's hands or ankles; also to restrain with such shackles.
Example
The prisoner was manacled before being taken to court.
囚人は裁判所に連れて行かれる前に手錠をかけられました。
C2 noun /ɒmˈnɪpətəns/

omnipotence

全能
Meaning
The quality of having unlimited power or authority.
Example
Many religions describe God’s omnipotence as absolute.
多くの宗教では神の全能は絶対的なものと説明されています。
C2 adjective /əˈprəʊ.bri.əs/

opprobrious

侮辱的な
Meaning
Expressing strong criticism or scorn.
Example
He made opprobrious remarks about his opponent.
彼は対戦相手に対して侮辱的な発言をしました。
C2 noun /rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/

recrimination

相互非難
Meaning
an accusation made in response to an accusation; mutual blaming
Example
The debate quickly descended into mutual recriminations.
討論はすぐに相互非難に陥った。
C2 noun /ˌmjuːlˈtɪər/

muleteer

荷馬使い
Meaning
a person who drives or takes care of mules
Example
The muleteer guided the animals safely across the mountain path.
荷馬使いは動物を安全に山道を案内しました。
C2 noun /ˌɔːrnɪˈθɒlədʒɪst/

ornithologist

鳥類学者
Meaning
a scientist who studies birds
Example
The ornithologist spent years studying migratory birds.
そのオルニソロジストは渡り鳥を研究するために何年も費やしました。
C2 noun /ɪˈfluːviəm/

effluvium

不快な臭い
Meaning
an unpleasant or harmful odor, secretion, or discharge
Example
The effluvium from the factory spread across the neighborhood.
工場からの不快な臭いが近隣一帯に広がった。
C2 noun /ˈɡɜːrdər/

girder

ガーダー(鋼鉄の梁)
Meaning
a large, strong beam used to support buildings or bridges
Example
The steel girders held the weight of the bridge.
鋼鉄のガーダーが橋の重さを支えていた。
C2 noun /ˈɡræfaɪt/

graphite

グラファイト
Meaning
a soft, black form of carbon used in pencils and as a lubricant
Example
The artist sketched the portrait using a graphite pencil.
アーティストはグラファイト鉛筆を使って肖像画を描きました。
C2 noun /ˌniːoʊˈdɑːrwɪnɪzəm/

neo-darwinism

ネオダーウィニズム
Meaning
A modern interpretation of Darwin's theory of evolution, integrating genetics and natural selection.
Example
Neo-Darwinism combines Darwin’s theory of natural selection with modern genetics.
ネオダーウィニズムはダーウィンの自然選択説と現代遺伝学を組み合わせています。
C2 verb /ˈɡʌzəl/

guzzle

がぶ飲みする
Meaning
to drink greedily or excessively
Example
He guzzled three cans of soda in a few minutes.
彼は数分で3缶のソーダを飲み干した。
C2 adjective /ˌmɪsənˈθrɑːpɪk/

misanthropic

人間嫌いの
Meaning
having or showing a dislike of humankind
Example
His misanthropic attitude made it difficult for him to make friends.
彼の人間嫌いの態度は、友達を作るのを難しくした。
C2 noun ˈoʊʃən ˌstrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

ocean stratification

海洋の成層
Meaning
The formation of layers in ocean water due to differences in density.
Example
Ocean stratification affects marine biodiversity.
オーシャンストラティフィケーションは海洋生物多様性に影響を与えます。
C2 noun /pɜːrtʃt raɪs/

Perched rice

膨らんだご飯
Meaning
puffed rice; rice that has been heated and puffed into light, crispy grains
Example
I enjoy eating puffed rice as a healthy snack.
私は健康的なおやつとして膨らんだご飯を食べるのが好きです。
C2 adjective /ˈdʒɔːndɪst/

jaundiced

偏見のある / 嫉妬深い / 黄疸による
Meaning
Affected by or displaying prejudice, envy, or bitterness; also refers to having a yellowish discoloration of the skin due to jaundice.
Example
She gave a jaundiced view of the project after her proposal was rejected.
彼女は提案が却下された後、プロジェクトに偏見を持った見方を示した。
C2 noun /ˈdaɪəˌdɛm/

diadem

王冠
Meaning
A crown or headband worn as a symbol of royalty or authority.
Example
The queen wore a glittering diadem at the coronation.
女王は戴冠式で輝く王冠を身に着けていました。
C2 verb /ˈɑːblɪˌɡeɪt/

obligate

強制する
Meaning
to bind legally or morally; to compel someone to do something
Example
The contract obligates the company to provide timely service.
契約は会社にタイムリーなサービスを提供することを義務付けます。
C2 noun /ˈklaɪ.mɪŋ læŋ læŋ/

Climbing lang lang

ランランのつる植物
Meaning
a climbing plant with fragrant flowers native to tropical regions
Example
The climbing lang lang vine produces beautiful fragrant flowers.
ランランのつる植物は美しい芳香の花を生産します。
C2 noun /ræpˈskæliən/

rapscallion

いたずら好きな人
Meaning
A mischievous or cheeky person; a rascal.
Example
The little rapscallion hid his brother’s shoes as a prank.
小さなラプスカリオンは兄の靴をいたずらで隠した。
C2 noun /kəˈdɛnzə/

cadenza

精緻なソロパッセージ
Meaning
An elaborate solo passage in a piece of music, usually near the end.
Example
The pianist performed a brilliant cadenza before the final movement.
ピアニストは最後の楽章の前に素晴らしいカデンツァを演奏しました。
C2 noun /ˌænəlˈdʒiːziə/

analgesia

鎮痛
Meaning
The inability to feel pain while still conscious.
Example
The doctor induced analgesia before performing the procedure.
医者は手術を行う前に鎮痛を誘発した。
C2 adjective /ˈplɛntɪəs/

plenteous

豊富
Meaning
existing in great quantity; abundant
Example
The harvest was plenteous, providing enough food for the entire village.
収穫は豊富で、村全体に十分な食料を提供しました。
C2 noun /ˈkærɪt/

caret

キャレット (^)
Meaning
A proofreading symbol (^) used to indicate where something should be inserted.
Example
The editor placed a caret to show where the missing word should go.
編集者は、欠落している単語を挿入する場所を示すためにキャレットを配置しました。
C2 noun /ˈmɔːreɪz/

mores

風習
Meaning
the essential or characteristic customs and conventions of a community
Example
Social mores often dictate how people behave in public.
社会的な風習は、しばしば人々が公共の場でどのように振る舞うかを決定します。
C2 noun /ˈsɑːrdʒənt ət ɑːrmz/

sergeant-at-arms

会議警備員
Meaning
An officer responsible for maintaining order during meetings or legislative sessions.
Example
The sergeant-at-arms escorted the disruptive member out of the hall.
会議警備員は、秩序を乱すメンバーを会場から退場させました。
C2 verb /ˈeksɔːrsaɪz/

exorcise

Meaning
To drive out an evil spirit or bad influence through rituals or prayers.
Example
The priest was called to exorcise the spirit from the house.
C2 noun /ˈfæn.feər/

fanfare

大々的な展示, 宣伝
Meaning
a short ceremonial tune or display of publicity to attract attention
Example
The new product was launched with much fanfare.
新しい製品は盛大なファンファーレで発売されました。
C2 verb /skʌlk/

skulk

Meaning
to move or hide secretly, often because you are planning something bad or are feeling guilty
Example
He tried to skulk in the shadows to avoid being seen.
C2 noun /ˈlɪtɪɡənt/

litigant

訴訟当事者
Meaning
a person involved in a lawsuit
Example
The court summoned both litigants for the hearing.
裁判所は両方の訴訟当事者を公聴会に召喚した。
C2 noun /ˈsʌfərəns/

sufferance

寛容
Meaning
patient endurance of pain, hardship, or delay; passive consent or tolerance
Example
He lived in poverty with quiet sufferance.
彼は貧困の中で静かに寛容をもって生きていた。
C2 noun /ˈkuː.li/

Cooly

クーリー
Meaning
a laborer who does physical work for wages
Example
The cooly carried heavy bags at the railway station.
クーリーは駅で重い荷物を運んでいました。
C2 noun /ˈrɛv.ər.i/

reverie

白昼の夢; 夢想
Meaning
A state of being pleasantly lost in one's thoughts; a daydream.
Example
Lost in reverie, he didn't hear his name being called.
夢想にふけっているため、彼は名前が呼ばれるのを聞かなかった。
C2 noun /ˈmɒnəˌsɪləbəl/

monosyllable

単音節の言葉
Meaning
A word consisting of only one syllable.
Example
Words like 'yes' and 'no' are monosyllables.
'はい'や'いいえ'のような言葉は単音節の言葉です。
C2 noun/verb /sluːs/

sluice

水門 / 洗う
Meaning
A sliding gate for controlling the flow of water; to wash or rinse with water in large quantities.
Example
The workers sluiced the mud off the street after the heavy rain.
作業員は大雨の後に通りから泥を洗い流しました。
C2 adjective /ˈdɛprɪkətɔːri/

deprecatory

軽蔑的な
Meaning
expressing disapproval or belittling
Example
He gave a deprecatory remark about their performance.
彼は彼らのパフォーマンスについて軽蔑的なコメントをしました。
C2 noun /mɛnˈdæsəti/

mendacity

虚偽
Meaning
the tendency to be untruthful; dishonesty
Example
The journalist exposed the mendacity of the officials.
ジャーナリストは役人たちの虚偽を暴露しました。
C2 adjective /ˈlæk.rɪ.moʊs/

lachrymose

涙を流す、悲しむ
Meaning
tearful or given to weeping; sad and mournful
Example
The movie's lachrymose ending left the audience in tears.
映画の悲しい結末は観客を涙で満たしました。
C2 adjective /ɡrʌf/

gruff

粗野な
Meaning
Rough or stern in manner, speech, or voice.
Example
Despite his gruff manner, he was very kind-hearted.
彼の粗野な態度にもかかわらず、彼はとても優しい心を持っていた。
C2 noun /ɑːlˈfækʃən/

olfaction

嗅覚
Meaning
The sense of smell; the process of detecting and perceiving odors.
Example
Dogs have a highly developed sense of olfaction.
犬は非常に発達した嗅覚を持っています。
C2 adjective ˌɪn.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃəs

inefficacious

効果がない
Meaning
Not producing any or the desired effect; ineffective.
Example
The treatment was inefficacious in curing the disease.
その治療法は病気の治癒に効果がありませんでした。
C2 noun /ˈdɪktəm/

dictum

格言
Meaning
A formal pronouncement, authoritative statement, or maxim.
Example
The judge’s dictum clarified the principle of equality before the law.
裁判官の格言は法の前での平等の原則を明確にしました。
C2 noun /ɛθˈnɒlədʒi/

ethnology

民族学
Meaning
the study of the characteristics of different peoples and the differences and relationships between them
Example
She specialized in ethnology to better understand cultural diversity.
彼女は文化的多様性をよりよく理解するために民族学を専門にしていた。
C2 noun /əˈnæb.ə.lɪ.zəm/

anabolism

アナボリズム
Meaning
The set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, involving tissue repair and growth.
Example
Anabolism is essential for muscle growth and tissue repair.
アナボリズムは筋肉の成長と組織の修復に不可欠です。
C2 adjective /ˈɒfɪʃ/

offish

無愛想
Meaning
Unfriendly, distant, or reserved in manner.
Example
He seemed offish at the party and avoided most conversations.
彼はパーティーで無愛想に見え、大半の会話を避けていました。