C2 noun /ˌbeɪt ˈnwɑːr/

bete noire

特に嫌われるもの

Meaning

A person or thing that one particularly dislikes or fears.

Example

Grammar has always been his bete noire.

文法は常に彼のベットノワールでした。

B2 noun /ræntʃ/

ranch

牧場

Meaning

a large farm where animals such as cattle or sheep are raised

Example

They own a huge cattle ranch in Texas.

彼らはテキサスで巨大な牧場を所有しています。

A2 adjective /ˈselfɪʃ/

Selfish

利己的

Meaning

caring only about oneself rather than others

Example

He was too selfish to share his food with others.

彼は他の人と食べ物を共有するにはあまりにも自己中心的だった。

A2 noun /brɛθ/

breath

呼吸

Meaning

The air taken into or expelled from the lungs during breathing.

Example

He took a deep breath before speaking.

彼は話す前に深く息を吸いました。

C2 noun /ˈfɔɪbəl/

foible

小さな弱点

Meaning

A minor weakness or eccentricity in someone's character.

Example

She loved him despite his little foibles.

彼女は彼の小さな弱点を気にせずに彼を愛していた。

C1 noun ˈiː.pɒk

epoch

時代

Meaning

A period of time in history or a person's life, typically one marked by notable events or particular characteristics.

Example

The invention of the internet marked a new epoch in human history.

インターネットの発明は人類の歴史に新しい時代を刻みました。

B2 verb /ˈɪnəveɪt/

innovate

革新

Meaning

To introduce new methods, ideas, or products.

Example

The company must innovate to stay ahead of its competitors.

その企業は競争相手を追い越すために革新を続けなければならない。

B2 adjective /ˈʃæb.i/

Shabby

ボロボロの; ひどい状態の; 使い古された痕跡がある; 不公平または残酷

Meaning

worn out; in poor condition; showing signs of wear; unfair or mean

Example

His shabby clothes showed that he had been traveling for days.

彼のボロボロの服は、彼が数日間旅行していたことを示していた。

C2 noun /əˈnɔɪnt.mənt/

anointment

塗油の儀式

Meaning

The act of anointing, usually with oil, as part of a ritual or ceremony.

Example

The anointment of the new leader was a sacred ritual.

新しいリーダーの塗油の儀式は神聖な儀式でした。

C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

転覆する

Meaning

to overturn in the water

Example

The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.

小さな漁船が嵐の中で転覆した。

B2 adverb /ˈpɑrʃəli/

Partially

部分的に; 完全ではない;

Meaning

to some extent; not completely; incompletely

Example

The building was only partially destroyed in the fire.

その建物は火事で部分的に破壊されました。

C2 verb /ˌɪntərˈlɒk/

interlock

かみあう

Meaning

to fit or connect together securely so that two or more things are joined

Example

The gears interlock to ensure smooth movement of the machine.

ギアは機械のスムーズな動作を確保するために噛み合います。

C1 noun ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs trəˈdɪʃənz

Indigenous Traditions

先住民の伝統

Meaning

Cultural practices, beliefs, and customs that have been passed down through generations among native peoples.

Example

Indigenous traditions in the Chittagong Hill Tracts are unique.

チッタゴン丘陵地帯の先住民の伝統はユニークです。

C1 noun /ˈɛmbləm/

emblem

象徴

Meaning

A symbolic object, design, or figure representing an idea, group, or identity.

Example

The dove is an emblem of peace.

鳩は平和の象徴です。

C1 adjective /ˈmoʊmənˌteri/

momentary

一瞬の

Meaning

Lasting for only a short time.

Example

There was a momentary silence in the room.

部屋の中に一瞬の静けさがあった。

B2 noun ˌfoʊ.t̬oʊˈsɪn.θə.sɪs

photosynthesis

光合成

Meaning

The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

Example

Plants depend on photosynthesis for survival.

植物は生存のために光合成に依存している。

C1 noun ˈvɜːmɪn

vermin

制御が難しく、病気を広める小さな害を与える動物や昆虫

Meaning

Small harmful animals or insects that are difficult to control and carry disease.

Example

The house was infested with vermin, requiring immediate action.

その家は害虫で侵され、即時の対応が必要でした。

A1 adjective/verb/adverb /friː/

free

自由

Meaning

Not under the control or in the power of another; able to act or be done as one wishes.

Example

The children are free to play outside.

子供たちは外で自由に遊べます。

C1 verb /smɛlt/

smelt

溶かす

Meaning

to extract metal from its ore by heating and melting

Example

The workers smelt iron from its ore in the factory.

作業員は工場で鉱石から鉄を溶かして取り出します。

C2 adjective /rɪˈmɪs/

remiss

怠慢

Meaning

Negligent in performing a duty or responsibility.

Example

The manager was remiss in not checking the financial reports carefully.

マネージャーは財務報告書を慎重に確認しなかったことで怠慢だった。

C2 noun /ˈsteɪtkraft/

statecraft

国政術

Meaning

The art of governing and managing state affairs effectively.

Example

The leader was praised for his exceptional statecraft in handling international relations.

リーダーは国際関係を扱う際の卓越した国政術に対して称賛されました。

C1 adjective /əbˈdʒek.ʃən.ə.bəl/

Objectionable

不快な

Meaning

arousing distaste or opposition; unpleasant or offensive

Example

His objectionable behavior made everyone uncomfortable.

彼の不快な行動は、皆を不快にさせた。

B2 noun /ˌɔːltəˈreɪʃən/

alteration

変更

Meaning

a change or modification made to something

Example

The tailor made an alteration to the suit.

仕立屋はスーツに変更を加えました。

C1 verb /əˈpiːz/

appease

なだめる / 満たす

Meaning

to calm or pacify someone by meeting their demands

Example

The manager tried to appease the angry customer.

マネージャーは怒っている顧客をなだめようとしました。

C2 verb /əˈkuːtə/

accoutre

装備する

Meaning

to dress or equip, especially in something impressive or elaborate

Example

The knight was accoutred in shining armor.

騎士は輝く鎧で装備されていました。

A1 adjective, adverb, verb /ˈbɛtər/

better

Meaning

of a more excellent or effective type or quality; to surpass or improve

Example

He felt better after taking the medicine.

C2 noun /traɪst/

tryst

秘密の逢引

Meaning

a private romantic meeting between lovers

Example

They arranged a secret tryst in the park.

彼らは公園で秘密の逢引を手配した。

B2 adjective /ˈdʒɒli/

jolly

陽気な

Meaning

Full of good humor and cheerfulness.

Example

The children were in a jolly mood at the party.

子供たちはパーティーで陽気な気分でした。

C2 adjective /pʌɡˈneɪʃəs/

pugnacious

好戦的な

Meaning

Having a quarrelsome or combative nature; eager to fight.

Example

His pugnacious attitude often got him into trouble.

彼の好戦的な態度はしばしば彼を困難に陥れました。

B2 verb /ɪˈrʌpt/

erupt

噴火する

Meaning

to burst forth suddenly and violently

Example

The volcano erupted after centuries of dormancy.

火山は何世紀もの間沈黙していた後、エラプトしました。

B1 verb kleɪmz

claims

命を奪う

Meaning

To take someone's life, to cause death

Example

Workplace pollution claims thousands of lives annually.

職場の汚染は毎年何千もの命を奪います。

B2 noun /ˈder.ɪŋ/

Daring

大胆; 危険を冒す意欲

Meaning

adventurous courage; willingness to take risks

Example

The mountain climber's daring impressed everyone at the base camp.

山登りの冒険心は、ベースキャンプの皆に感動を与えました。

C2 adjective /ˌmɛrəˈtrɪʃəs/

meretricious

虚偽的

Meaning

apparently attractive but having no real value or integrity.

Example

The design was flashy but meretricious.

デザインは華やかだったが、虚偽的だった。

C2 adjective /daɪˈvɜːrtɪbəl/

divertible

転用可能な

Meaning

capable of being turned aside or redirected

Example

Funds from the budget are not legally divertible.

予算からの資金は合法的に転用できません。

B2 adjective /ˌfæʃ.ənd/

Outdated

時代遅れ

Meaning

obsolete; no longer current

Example

This computer software is completely outdated.

このソフトウェアは完全に時代遅れです。

C1 noun /ˈɛksɜːrpt/

excerpt

抜粋

Meaning

A short portion taken from a text, film, or piece of music.

Example

The teacher read an excerpt from the novel.

先生は小説から一節を読みました。

B2 noun /ˈsiː.mən/

Seaman

船員

Meaning

a person who works on a ship; sailor

Example

The experienced seaman navigated the ship through the storm.

経験豊富な船員は嵐の中で船を操縦しました。

C2 noun /ˈkɪzmɛt/

kismet

運命

Meaning

Destiny or fate.

Example

Meeting her on that day felt like pure kismet.

その日に彼女に会うことは純粋な運命のように感じました。

B2 adjective /ɪnˈækjərət/

Inaccurate

不正確; 間違っている; 誤り

Meaning

not correct; containing errors; wrong

Example

The weather forecast was inaccurate yesterday.

昨日の天気予報は不正確でした。

B2 noun ˈmaɪnd.set

mindset

マインドセット

Meaning

The established set of attitudes held by someone.

Example

A growth mindset helps individuals embrace challenges.

成長マインドセットは、個人が挑戦を受け入れるのを助けます。

B2 noun /ˈɒfərɪŋ/

offering

オファリング

Meaning

something that is given, especially as a gift or contribution

Example

The company’s latest offering is an eco-friendly car.

会社の最新のオファリングは、エコフレンドリーな車です。

B1 noun /ˈen.trəns/

Entrance

入口

Meaning

an opening that allows access to a place; the action of entering

Example

The main entrance to the building was decorated with beautiful flowers.

ビルのメインエントランスは美しい花で飾られていました。

B1 noun /ˈvɒl.juːm/

volume

体積

Meaning

the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container

Example

The volume of water in the tank increased after the rain.

雨の後、タンクの水の体積が増えました。

C1 noun /ˈhaɪndsaɪt/

hindsight

後知恵

Meaning

Understanding of a situation only after it has happened.

Example

With the benefit of hindsight, we realized the decision was a mistake.

後知恵で、私たちはその決断が間違いだったことに気づきました。

C1 adjective ˌæd.vɚˈser.i.əl

adversarial

対立的な

Meaning

Involving or characterized by conflict or opposition.

Example

The two companies have an adversarial relationship in the market.

その二つの会社は市場で対立的な関係を持っている。

A2 noun /ˈsɪnəmə/

cinema

映画館

Meaning

a place where films are shown to the public; the art or industry of making and showing films

Example

We went to the cinema to watch a new movie.

私たちは新しい映画を見るために映画館へ行った。

C1 adjective /ˌsaɪkoʊsəˈmætɪk/

psychosomatic

心理的身体的

Meaning

Relating to a physical illness or condition caused or aggravated by mental factors such as stress.

Example

Her stomach pain was diagnosed as psychosomatic, linked to stress.

彼女の腹痛は心理的身体的なものとして診断され、ストレスに関連していました。

B2 adjective /ɪkˈstɜːr.nəl/

External

外部の

Meaning

coming from or relating to the outside; not belonging to or originating from within

Example

The company hired external consultants to review their business strategy.

その会社はビジネス戦略を見直すために外部のコンサルタントを雇いました。

B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɪəriəl/

imperial

帝国の

Meaning

Relating to an empire or emperor; having supreme authority.

Example

The imperial palace was a symbol of the emperor's power.

インペリアル宮殿は皇帝の力の象徴でした。

A2 adjective /fɪt/

Fit

適切な; 健康な; 良い体調の; 準備ができている

Meaning

suitable; appropriate; healthy; in good physical condition; ready

Example

He is fit and healthy.

彼はフィットで健康です。

B2 noun /ˈdoʊnər/

donor

ドナー

Meaning

A person who gives something, especially to a charity or cause.

Example

The donor contributed generously to the hospital’s new wing.

ドナーは病院の新しい翼に寛大に寄付しました。

C2 noun /hɑrˈmoʊniəm/

Harmonium

ハーモニウム

Meaning

a keyboard musical instrument similar to an organ, using air to produce sound

Example

She played devotional songs on the harmonium at the temple.

彼女は寺院でハーモニウムを使って祈りの歌を演奏した。

B2 noun /dʒɜːrk/

Jerk

揺れ; 衝撃; バカ者

Meaning

a quick, sharp, sudden movement; an abrupt pull or twist; a foolish person

Example

The sudden jerk of the train caused passengers to lose their balance momentarily.

電車の突然の揺れで乗客は一瞬バランスを失いました。

B2 noun /ˈsɛnsər/

sensor

幸せ

Meaning

a device that detects or measures a physical property and records, indicates, or responds to it

Example

The motion sensor turned on the light automatically.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せなかった。

A2 adjective /maɪld/

mild

穏やか

Meaning

not severe or strong; gentle in nature

Example

The patient had only mild symptoms.

患者には軽い症状だけがありました。

B2 noun /ˈmʊzlɪm/

muslim

ムスリム

Meaning

a follower of Islam

Example

He is a devout Muslim.

彼は熱心なムスリムです。

C2 adjective /ˈdʒɒkjələr/

jocular

冗談好きな

Meaning

fond of or characterized by joking; humorous

Example

His jocular nature made him popular among colleagues.

彼の冗談好きな性格は同僚の中で人気があった。

C2 noun /ɪnˈhɪərəns/

inherence

内在性

Meaning

The state of being an essential or permanent part of something.

Example

The inherence of risk is part of every business venture.

リスクの内在性はすべてのビジネス冒険の一部です。

C1 adjective /ˈseɪ.vər.i/

savory

風味のある（塩辛いまたは辛い）

Meaning

Having a pleasant salty or spicy taste; morally acceptable.

Example

The restaurant serves a variety of savory dishes.

そのレストランはさまざまな風味のある料理を提供しています。

C2 verb /dɪˈfoʊlieɪt/

defoliate

葉を落とす

Meaning

to strip leaves from a tree, plant, or area, often using chemicals

Example

The farmers defoliated the fields before harvest.

農家は収穫前に畑の葉を取り除きました。

C1 noun /beɪl/

bale

束

Meaning

A large bundle of goods tightly wrapped and bound.

Example

The workers loaded the bale of cotton onto the truck.

作業員は綿の束をトラックに積み込んだ。

C2 noun /hɔːɡ plʌm/

Hog plum

ホッグプラム

Meaning

tropical fruit with yellow skin and sour taste

Example

Hog plums are often used to make pickles and chutneys.

ホッグプラムはよくピクルスやチャツネを作るために使われます。

B2 noun /ˈædvəkəsi/

advocacy

擁護

Meaning

public support for or recommendation of a particular cause or policy

Example

Her advocacy for children's rights earned her international recognition.

彼女の子どもの権利への擁護は、国際的な認知を得た。

C1 noun /ləˈɡuːn/

lagoon

ラグーン

Meaning

A shallow body of water separated from the sea by sandbars or reefs.

Example

We swam in the calm waters of the lagoon.

私たちはラグーンの穏やかな水で泳ぎました。

C1 noun /ˈæptɪˌtjuːd/

aptitude

適性

Meaning

a natural ability or talent to do something well

Example

She has a strong aptitude for learning new languages.

彼女は新しい言語を学ぶのに強い適性を持っています。

B2 verb /kənˈsɒl.ɪ.deɪt/

consolidate

統合する

Meaning

To combine things in order to make them more effective or easier to handle.

Example

The company aims to consolidate its market position.

会社は市場の地位を統合することを目指しています。

C1 verb /ˈkaʊər/

cower

恐怖で縮こまる

Meaning

to crouch down in fear

Example

The child cowered behind the sofa during the thunderstorm.

子供は雷の間、ソファの後ろで恐怖で縮こまっていた。

B2 verb /daɪˈdʒest/

digest

消化する

Meaning

to break down food in the body; to think about and understand

Example

It takes time to digest a heavy meal.

重い食事を消化するのには時間がかかります。

C1 adjective /dæft/

daft

ばか

Meaning

Silly or foolish.

Example

It was a daft idea to go hiking without water.

水なしでハイキングに行くのはばかげた考えでした。

A2 verb /bleɪm/

blame

非難する

Meaning

to hold responsible for a fault; to find fault with

Example

Don't blame me for the mistake.

間違いを私に責めないでください。

B1 adjective ˈʃɔːrt.tɜːrm

short-term

短期的な

Meaning

Occurring over or involving a relatively short period of time.

Example

Investing in stocks can yield short-term profits.

株に投資することで短期的な利益を得ることができる。

A2 noun ˈɑːrɡjumənt

argument

議論

Meaning

A reason or set of reasons given with the aim of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong.

Example

His argument was based on majority.

彼の議論は多数決に基づいていました。

A2 noun /ˈhɛlɪˌkɒptər/

helicopter

ヘリコプター

Meaning

an aircraft with rotating blades that can take off and land vertically

Example

The helicopter landed safely on the hospital roof.

ヘリコプターは病院の屋上に安全に着陸しました。

C1 noun delˈteɪɪk ˈlændskeɪp

deltaic landscape

デルタ地形

Meaning

A geographical area formed by sediment deposits at the mouth of a river, creating a triangular land formation.

Example

Bangladesh has a unique deltaic landscape.

バングラデシュにはユニークなデルタ地形があります。

C1 noun /ˈfiːtəs/

fetus

胎児

Meaning

an unborn or unhatched offspring in the womb or egg

Example

The doctor explained the development of the fetus during pregnancy.

医師は妊娠中の胎児の発達について説明しました。

C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɪpiənt/

incipient

初期の

Meaning

in an initial stage; beginning to develop

Example

The incipient storm made the sky turn dark and heavy.

初期の嵐が空を暗く重くさせた。

C1 adverb /ˈfɜː.vənt.li/

Fervently

熱心に; 熱烈に;

Meaning

with passionate intensity; ardently; with great emotion or enthusiasm

Example

She fervently hoped that her dreams would come true.

彼女は自分の夢が実現することを熱心に願っていました。

B2 noun /aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

identification

身分証明

Meaning

the process of recognizing or proving who or what someone or something is

Example

You need proper identification to enter the building.

ビルに入るには適切な身分証明が必要です。

C2 adjective /ˌtɔːtəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/

tautological

冗長な

Meaning

expressing something by repeating the same idea in different words; redundant

Example

Saying 'free gift' is considered tautological.

'無料ギフト'と言うことは冗長と見なされます。

B2 adjective /kəmˈpoʊzd/

composed

冷静

Meaning

calm and in control of oneself; made up of or formed from

Example

He remained composed even under pressure.

彼はプレッシャーの下で冷静さを保ちました。

C2 adjective /sæŋˈɡwɪniəs/

sanguineous

血液に関連する

Meaning

Relating to blood; bloody.

Example

The surgeon examined the sanguineous discharge from the wound.

外科医は傷口からの血なまぐさい分泌物を調べました。

C1 noun /ˈmɒnəˌθiːɪzəm/

monotheism

一神教

Meaning

The belief in the existence of only one God.

Example

Islam and Christianity are religions based on monotheism.

イスラム教とキリスト教は一神教に基づいている。

B2 adjective /ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ/

underlying

根本的な

Meaning

basic or hidden but important; forming the foundation of something

Example

The underlying reason for the conflict was never addressed.

その対立の根本的な理由は決して対処されませんでした。

B1 adjective /ˈɪnəsənt/

Innocent

無実の; 純粋な; 無害な

Meaning

free from guilt or sin; pure; harmless; naive

Example

The innocent child had no idea that her parents were planning a surprise party.

その無実の子供は、両親がサプライズパーティーを計画していることを知りませんでした。

C1 adjective /ˈfɔːrmətɪv/

formative

形成的

Meaning

Having a lasting influence on a person's development or character.

Example

Childhood is often described as a formative stage in life.

子供時代は人生の中で形成的な段階としてよく説明されます。

C1 noun /ˌpeɪ.li.ɒnˈtɒl.ə.dʒi/

paleontology

古生物学

Meaning

the branch of science concerned with fossil animals and plants

Example

She decided to study paleontology at university.

彼女は大学で古生物学を学ぶことに決めました。

B2 noun /ˈrɛlɪvənsi/

relevancy

Vendor

ベンダー

Meaning

a person or company offering something for sale, especially a trader in the street

Example

The street vendor sold fresh fruits and vegetables.

街角のベンダーは新鮮な果物と野菜を売っていた。

C2 verb /əˈbreɪd/

abrade

摩擦で擦り減らす

Meaning

to scrape or wear away the surface by friction or erosion

Example

The rough cloth can easily abrade the skin.

ザ・ラフクロスは皮膚を簡単に擦ります。

B2 adjective /ˌɪn.trəˈdʌk.tər.i/

introductory

導入の

Meaning

Serving as an introduction; preliminary or preparatory.

Example

The professor gave an introductory lecture on economics.

教授は経済学についての導入の講義を行いました。

A1 adverb /fɑːr/

far

遠い

Meaning

at, to, or by a great distance

Example

The school is far from my house.

学校は私の家から遠いです。

C1 noun /ˈfoʊliɪdʒ/

foliage

葉

Meaning

The leaves of a plant, collectively.

Example

The autumn foliage looked stunning in the park.

秋の葉は公園で素晴らしく見えました。

B1 verb /ˌɪntəˈrʌpt/

interrupt

割り込む

Meaning

to stop someone from speaking or doing something by suddenly saying or doing something

Example

She tried not to interrupt while he was speaking.

彼女は彼が話している間、割り込まないようにした。

B2 adverb /ˈmɪərli/

merely

ただ

Meaning

Only; nothing more than.

Example

She was merely trying to help.

彼女はただ助けようとしていました。

A2 noun /ˈʌndərwɛr/

Under wear

下着

Meaning

clothing worn under other clothes, next to the skin

Example

She bought new underwear from the department store.

彼女はデパートで新しい下着を買いました。

B1 adjective /ˈsɔːlti/

Salty

塩辛い

Meaning

having the taste of salt; containing salt; tasting of seawater

Example

The salty ocean water made her thirsty.

塩辛い海水が彼女を渇かせた。

A2 verb /ədˈmɪt/

admit

認める

Meaning

to confess to be true; to allow entrance; to accept as valid

Example

He had to admit his mistake to the teacher.

彼は教師に自分の間違いを認めなければならなかった。

B1 verb /ˈɛmfəˌsaɪz/

emphasize

強調する

Meaning

to give special importance or attention to something

Example

The teacher emphasized the importance of homework.

先生は宿題の重要性を強調した。

B1 adverb /ˈkloʊsli/

closely

幸せ

Meaning

in a way that is very near in space, time, or relationship; carefully and attentively

Example

The detective examined the evidence closely.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができなかった。

C2 verb /ɪnˈtwaɪn/

entwine

絡ませる

Meaning

to twist or wind together; to become closely connected or involved

Example

The vines entwine around the old fence.

つるが古いフェンスを巻きつけている。

B1 noun ɪˈnɪʃətɪv

initiative

イニシアティブ

Meaning

An act or strategy intended to resolve a difficulty or improve a situation; a fresh approach to something.

Example

NASA's initiative to return humans to the Moon is ambitious.

NASAの月面への人類を戻すイニシアティブは野心的です。

C1 noun /ˈdʊr.i.ən/

Durian

ドリアン

Meaning

a large spiky tropical fruit known for its strong smell and creamy custard-like flesh

Example

Durian is known as the king of fruits in Southeast Asia despite its pungent odor.

ドリアンは強い匂いにもかかわらず、東南アジアで果物の王として知られている。

B2 adverb /ɪkˈsplɪsɪtli/

explicitly

明確に

Meaning

in a clear and detailed manner, leaving no room for confusion or doubt

Example

The instructions were explicitly written to avoid any confusion.

指示は明確に書かれており、混乱を避けるためです。

A2 noun /ˈtɜːrki/

turkey

七面鳥 (大きな鳥)

Meaning

a large bird native to North America, often eaten at special occasions like Thanksgiving; also the meat of this bird.

Example

We roasted a turkey for Thanksgiving dinner.

感謝祭の夕食に七面鳥を焼きました。

B1 noun /ˈbaɪər/

buyer

買い手

Meaning

a person who makes a purchase

Example

The buyer inspected the car before making payment.

買い手は支払い前に車を検査しました。

C2 noun /ˈiːɡlət/

eaglet

イーグルのひな

Meaning

A young eagle.

Example

The eaglet waited in the nest for its mother to return.

イーグレットは巣の中で母親が戻るのを待っていた。

B1 verb kənˈsjuːmz

consumes

消費する

Meaning

Use up (a resource); eat, drink, or ingest (food or drink).

Example

An individual consumes around 20 kg of plastic annually.

1人の人は年間約20キロのプラスチックを消費します。

C2 noun /ˈæpəˌlɔːɡ/

apologue

道徳的な物語

Meaning

a short moral story or fable intended to teach a lesson

Example

The teacher used an old apologue to explain honesty to the children.

教師は、子供たちに誠実さを説明するために古い道徳的な物語を使いました。

B1 adjective /ˈtɪpɪkəl/

typical

特定の種類の人や物の通常の特徴を持つ

Meaning

having the usual qualities of a particular type of person or thing

Example

It was a typical summer day, hot and humid.

それは典型的な夏の日で、暑くて湿気がありました。

B2 verb /ˈtrɛmbəl/

tremble

震える

Meaning

To shake slightly, often because of fear, cold, or nervousness.

Example

She began to tremble with fear before speaking.

彼女は話す前に恐怖で震え始めました。

B1 noun /ɪnˈθjuː.zi.æz.əm/

Enthusiasm

熱意; 情熱; 熱狂

Meaning

intense and eager enjoyment, interest, or approval

Example

Her enthusiasm for the project inspired the entire team.

彼女のプロジェクトへの熱意はチーム全体にインスピレーションを与えました。

C2 noun /ˈhɑːdɪhʊd/

hardihood

勇気、大胆さ

Meaning

Courage, boldness, or daring behavior; also physical robustness.

Example

The mountaineer's hardihood impressed the entire team.

登山家のハーディフッドはチーム全体を感動させました。

C2 adjective /ˈækwɪˌlaɪn/

aquiline

ワシのくちばしのような

Meaning

curved like an eagle's beak; hooked

Example

He had an aquiline nose that gave him a distinguished appearance.

彼はワシのくちばしのような鼻を持っており、それが彼に優れた外見を与えていました。

C2 adjective /krɪˈpʌskjʊlər/

crepuscular

黄昏に関係する

Meaning

relating to twilight or active during twilight

Example

Bats are crepuscular animals, most active at dawn and dusk.

コウモリは黄昏時に活動的な動物で、夜明けと夕暮れ時が最も活発です。

B2 noun /kənˈtɛmpt/

contempt

Meaning

a strong feeling of dislike and lack of respect towards someone or something

Example

He spoke with contempt about the corrupt officials.

C2 adjective /pəˈlɛmɪkəl/

polemical

論争的

Meaning

relating to or involving strongly critical or controversial writing or speech

Example

She wrote a polemical article challenging traditional beliefs.

彼女は伝統的な信念に挑戦する論争的な記事を書いた。

B1 noun /əˈfek.ʃən/

Affection

愛情; 好意

Meaning

a feeling of liking or caring for someone or something

Example

She has deep affection for her grandmother.

彼女は祖母に深い愛情を持っています。

C1 verb /ˈæn.ə.teɪt/

annotate

注釈を加える

Meaning

to add notes or comments to a text, diagram, or document for explanation or clarification

Example

The teacher asked the students to annotate the poem with their interpretations.

先生は学生に詩を解釈して注釈をつけるように頼みました。

C2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɛr.i/

seminary

神学校

Meaning

A school or college for training priests, ministers, or rabbis.

Example

He decided to enroll in a seminary to study theology.

彼は神学校に入学して神学を学ぶことに決めました。

A2 noun /jɑːrd/

Yard

庭; 家の隣の土地

Meaning

a unit of linear measure equal to 3 feet; an area of land immediately adjacent to a building

Example

The children played in the back yard.

子供たちは裏庭で遊んでいました。

C1 noun /ʃeɪl/

shale

頁岩

Meaning

a fine-grained sedimentary rock that can be split into thin layers

Example

The region is rich in shale and natural gas deposits.

その地域は頁岩と天然ガスの埋蔵量が豊富です。