C2 verb /ˈbætn/

batten

固定する

Meaning

To fasten or secure something tightly.

Example

They battened down the hatches before the storm.

彼らは嵐の前にハッチをしっかりと固定した。

C1 adjective /ˈfuːlpruːf/

foolproof

失敗しない

Meaning

Designed to be very easy to use or understand, leaving no possibility of failure or error.

Example

The new software has a foolproof installation process.

新しいソフトウェアには失敗しないインストールプロセスがあります。

B2 noun /ˌvʌl.nər.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

vulnerability

脆弱性

Meaning

The quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.

Example

Addressing vulnerability is crucial for stability.

脆弱性に取り組むことは、安定性にとって非常に重要です。

B2 adjective /stɜːrn/

Stern

厳格な; 厳しい

Meaning

serious and demanding exact conformity to rules; strict and severe

Example

The teacher gave the students a stern warning about cheating.

教師は学生に対してカンニングについて厳しい警告を与えました。

C2 noun /ˈpærəmʊr/

paramour

愛人

Meaning

a lover, especially an illicit one

Example

The secret paramour was finally revealed.

秘密の愛人はついに明らかにされました。

C2 noun ˈbaɪəʊˌsaɪd

biocide

バイオサイド

Meaning

A chemical substance or microorganism intended to destroy, deter, render harmless, or exert a controlling effect on any harmful organism.

Example

Biocides help control pests and reduce the spread of diseases.

バイオサイドは害虫をコントロールし、病気の拡散を減らすのに役立ちます。

B2 verb /ˌriːˈbɪld/

rebuild

再建する

Meaning

to build something again after it has been damaged or destroyed

Example

The villagers worked together to rebuild the bridge after the flood.

村人たちは洪水の後、橋を再建するために協力しました。

B2 adjective /saʊər/

Sour

酸っぱい

Meaning

having an acid taste like lemon or vinegar; unpleasant or disagreeable

Example

The milk has gone sour and smells terrible.

牛乳は酸っぱくなり、ひどい匂いがします。

C1 adjective + noun kəˈmendəbəl ɪˈnɪʃətɪvz

commendable initiatives

称賛に値する取り組み

Meaning

Praiseworthy efforts or actions that deserve admiration and approval.

Example

The commendable initiatives aim to raise awareness.

その賞賛に値するイニシアチブは、認識を高めることを目指しています。

C2 adjective /ˈtriːkli/

treacly

過度に甘いまたは感傷的、蜜のような。

Meaning

Excessively sweet or sentimental, like treacle.

Example

The movie was too treacly for my taste.

その映画は私の味覚には甘すぎました。

A2 verb /ʃʌt/

shut

閉じる

Meaning

to close something, especially a door or window

Example

Please shut the door before you leave.

出かける前にドアを閉めてください。

C2 noun /ˌsæv.wɑːr ˈfeər/

savoir-faire

社交術

Meaning

The ability to act or speak appropriately in social situations; polished social skills.

Example

She handled the delicate situation with remarkable savoir-faire.

彼女は見事な社交術で微妙な状況をうまく処理しました。

C1 noun /blæk plʌm/

Black plum

ブラックプラム

Meaning

a dark purple or black colored edible fruit with sweet and sour taste

Example

I picked some fresh black plums from the tree in our backyard.

私は庭の木から新鮮なブラックプラムをいくつか摘みました。

C1 noun /ˈpɔː.pəs/

Porpoise

ハクジラ

Meaning

a small toothed whale with a low triangular dorsal fin and a blunt rounded snout

Example

The porpoise jumped gracefully out of the water.

ハクジラは優雅に水から飛び跳ねた。

C1 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsns/

convalescence

回復期

Meaning

the period of time spent recovering from an illness or medical treatment

Example

His convalescence lasted for almost two months after the accident.

事故の後、彼の回復期はほぼ2ヶ月続きました。

B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

価値; 価格; 重要性

Meaning

the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth

Example

This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.

このアンティークの花瓶は私たちの家族にとって大きな感情的価値があります。

C2 adjective /rɪˈfræɡəbəl/

refragable

反論可能な

Meaning

Capable of being refuted or disproved.

Example

His argument was weak and easily refragable.

彼の議論は弱く、簡単に反論可能だった。

C1 noun /dɪˈrɪʒən/

derision

嘲笑

Meaning

Contemptuous ridicule or mockery.

Example

His ideas were greeted with derision by the audience.

彼のアイデアは観客によって嘲笑された。

C2 verb /pɑːrtʃ/

parch

乾かす

Meaning

to make something extremely dry, especially by exposure to heat

Example

The scorching sun began to parch the fields.

焼けつくような太陽が畑を乾かし始めました。

A1 noun /ˈsɪstər/

sister

姉 / 妹

Meaning

a female sibling; a girl or woman in relation to other children of her parents

Example

My sister is coming to visit us next week.

私の姉は来週私たちに会いに来ます。

B2 noun /ˈsɛtlər/

settler

入植者

Meaning

a person who settles in a new area or land

Example

The settlers arrived in the new town and started building homes.

入植者たちは新しい町に到着し、家を建て始めました。

C2 adjective /krʌˈsteɪʃəs/

crustaceous

硬い殻のある

Meaning

relating to or having a hard shell like a crustacean

Example

The scientist studied the crustaceous fossils.

科学者は硬い殻のある化石を研究しました。

B2 verb /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/

visualize

視覚化する

Meaning

To form a mental image of something; to imagine.

Example

She tried to visualize her success before the big presentation.

彼女は大きなプレゼンテーションの前に自分の成功をビジュアライズしようとした。

B2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɑːr/

seminar

セミナー

Meaning

A meeting for discussion or training, especially in an academic setting.

Example

The professor invited all students to attend the seminar on climate change.

教授はすべての学生を気候変動に関するセミナーに招待しました。

C2 noun /ˈvæsəl/

vassal

家来

Meaning

A person or country in a subordinate position to another, especially in feudal times under a lord.

Example

The king granted land to his vassal in return for loyalty and service.

王は忠誠と奉仕の見返りに家来に土地を与えた。

C1 noun /ˈfoʊk.lɔːr/

folk-lore

民間伝承

Meaning

The traditional beliefs, customs, stories, songs, and practices of a community, passed down through generations.

Example

Bangladeshi folk-lore is rich with myths and legends.

日本の民間伝承は神話や伝説で豊かです。

C1 verb /ˈθiːəraɪz/

theorize

理論化する

Meaning

To form a theory or set of ideas to explain something.

Example

Scientists often theorize about the origins of the universe.

科学者たちはしばしば宇宙の起源について理論化します。

C1 noun /ˈtraɪæd/

triad

三位一体

Meaning

a group of three closely related people or things

Example

The project was managed by a triad of experts.

そのプロジェクトは三人の専門家によって管理されていました。

C1 verb /ˌmɪsˈriːd/

misread

誤って読む

Meaning

to read something incorrectly or interpret wrongly

Example

He misread the instructions and built the shelf incorrectly.

彼は指示を誤読して棚を間違って作った。

C1 verb /nʌdʒ/

nudge

肘で軽く押す

Meaning

To push someone gently, usually with your elbow, in order to attract attention.

Example

She nudged him to be quiet during the meeting.

会議中、彼女は彼を静かにさせるために軽く肘で押した。

C1 verb /əˈlʊər/

allure

魅力

Meaning

to attract or tempt someone with something desirable; to entice

Example

The beautiful garden allured visitors from far away.

美しい庭園が遠くから訪問者を魅了しました。

C1 adjective/verb /ˈkɒn.sə.mət/

consummate

大きな技術で何かを完成させるまたは完璧にする

Meaning

To complete or perfect something with great skill

Example

He is a consummate artist with years of experience.

彼は長年の経験を持つ完璧な芸術家です。

B2 verb /ˈɡʌvərn/

govern

統治する

Meaning

to control and direct the public policy and affairs of a state, organization, or people

Example

The president governs the country wisely.

大統領は賢明に国を統治する。

C2 verb /dʒɛˈstɪkjʊleɪt/

gesticulate

ジェスチキュレート

Meaning

to use gestures, especially dramatic ones, instead of speaking or to emphasize one's words

Example

He gesticulated wildly to get their attention.

彼は彼らの注意を引くために激しくジェスチャーをしていた。

B2 adjective /ˈstuː.di.əs/

Studious

勉強熱心; 学問に没頭

Meaning

characterized by diligent study; devoted to learning

Example

She is a studious student who spends hours in the library.

彼女は図書館で何時間も過ごす勉強熱心な学生です。

C1 verb /ˌriːˈvæmp/

revamp

改装

Meaning

To give a new and improved form, structure, or appearance to something.

Example

The company decided to revamp its website for a modern look.

その企業は、モダンな外観のためにウェブサイトをリヴァンプすることを決定しました。

C2 adjective /ˈtɜːrbɪd/

turbid

濁った

Meaning

Cloudy, opaque, or thick with suspended matter; confused or obscure in meaning.

Example

The river water became turbid after the heavy rains.

激しい雨の後、川の水は濁った。

B1 noun ɪɡˈzek.jə.tɪv

executive

執行機関

Meaning

The branch of government responsible for implementing and enforcing laws.

Example

The executive body enforces policies.

執行機関は政策を実行します。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈwel/

Unwell

体調不良; 病気

Meaning

not in good health; feeling sick or ill

Example

She has been feeling unwell since yesterday.

彼女は昨日から体調が悪い。

B2 noun /ˈblɒkˌtʃeɪn/

blockchain

ブロックチェーン

Meaning

A system of recording information in a way that makes it difficult or impossible to change, hack, or cheat the system

Example

Blockchain technology ensures transparency in financial transactions.

ブロックチェーン技術は金融取引の透明性を保証します。

C1 adjective /rɪˈpres.ɪv/

Repressive

抑圧的な

Meaning

restraining freedom or preventing self-expression; oppressive

Example

The repressive government banned all forms of protest.

抑圧的な政府はすべての抗議の形態を禁止しました。

C1 adjective /ˈɒptɪkəl/

optical

光学的

Meaning

related to or used in seeing or sight

Example

The optical illusion fooled everyone at the exhibition.

その光学的錯覚は展示会で皆を騙した。

A2 noun /sɒks/

Socks

靴下

Meaning

soft coverings for the feet, typically worn inside shoes

Example

I need to buy new socks for winter.

冬のために新しい靴下を買う必要があります。

B2 noun kənˈsen.səs

consensus

コンセンサス

Meaning

A general agreement among all members of a group.

Example

Consensus was reached after long deliberation.

長い議論の後、コンセンサスが得られました。

A2 noun /ˈbʊkɪŋ/

booking

予約

Meaning

the act of reserving accommodations, tickets, etc.

Example

I made a booking for a hotel room in advance.

私は事前にホテルの部屋を予約しました。

C2 noun /ˈprɪvɪti/

privity

プライバシー関係、契約関係

Meaning

A close, private, or special relationship; in law, the direct connection between parties to a contract.

Example

There was no privity of contract between the supplier and the customer.

供給者と顧客の間には契約関係がなかった。

A1 noun /miːt/

Meat

肉

Meaning

animal flesh used as food

Example

We bought fresh meat from the butcher shop.

私たちは肉屋から新鮮な肉を買いました。

C1 noun /ˌdiː.kɒmpəˈzɪʃən/

decomposition

分解

Meaning

the process of decaying or breaking down into simpler parts

Example

The decomposition of leaves enriches the soil.

葉の分解は土壌を豊かにします。

B2 noun /ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

specification

仕様書

Meaning

a detailed description or assessment of something

Example

The product specification includes all the necessary details.

製品の仕様書にはすべての必要な詳細が含まれています。

B2 verb /ˈpenɪtreɪt/

penetrate

貫通する

Meaning

to go into or through something; to understand something deeply

Example

The bullet penetrated the wall.

弾丸は壁を貫通した。

B1 noun /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃən/

operation

手術

Meaning

an act or process of functioning or operating

Example

The hospital performed a successful operation.

病院は成功した手術を行いました。

B2 adjective /ʌnˌkənˈfɜːmd/

Unconfirmed

未確認; 未検証;

Meaning

not confirmed as true or definite; not verified or substantiated

Example

The report remains unconfirmed until we receive official verification.

報告書は公式の確認が得られるまで未確認のままです。

B1 noun /tɔːrtʃ/

Torch

懐中電灯／松明

Meaning

a portable electric lamp powered by batteries; a flaming stick used for light

Example

Use the torch to find your way in the dark.

暗闇の中で道を見つけるには、トーチを使いましょう。

C1 noun /pɪˌdɛs.tri.ə.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

pedestrianization

歩行者専用化

Meaning

Making areas pedestrian-friendly, closing any area to vehicle traffic and making it open only for pedestrians.

Example

The pedestrianization of city centers reduces pollution.

市中心部の歩行者専用化は、汚染を減らす。

C1 noun /ˈleɪ.tən.si/

latency

遅延

Meaning

The delay in processing signals or data.

Example

High latency in online gaming can cause lagging issues.

オンラインゲームの高い遅延はラグの問題を引き起こす可能性があります。

B2 adjective /ˈdjʊərəbəl/

Durable

耐久性がある; 強い; 頑丈な

Meaning

able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; lasting; strong

Example

This durable fabric will last for many years.

この耐久性のある生地は何年も持ちます。

C1 noun /ˈskaɪ.lɑːrk/

Sky-Lark

ヒバリ

Meaning

a small brown bird known for singing while flying high in the sky

Example

The skylark sang beautifully as it soared above the meadow.

ヒバリは草地の上を飛びながら美しく歌った。

C1 adjective /ˈskrɔːni/

scrawny

痩せ細った

Meaning

very thin and bony, often looking unhealthy

Example

The scrawny boy could barely lift the heavy bag.

その痩せ細った少年は重いバッグをほとんど持ち上げることができなかった。

C2 adjective /ˈloʊð.səm/

Loathsome

忌まわしい

Meaning

causing hatred or disgust; repulsive

Example

The loathsome smell from the garbage made everyone leave the room.

ゴミの耐え難い悪臭で、みんなが部屋を出ていった。

C2 noun əˌklaɪ.mə.tɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

acclimatization

適応

Meaning

The process of adapting to a new environment or condition.

Example

The hikers needed time for acclimatization to high altitudes.

登山者は高い標高に適応するために時間が必要でした。

C2 noun /ˈɔːspɪs/

auspice

兆し, 保護

Meaning

A sign, omen, or divine token; also refers to protection or support.

Example

The project was launched under the auspice of the government.

そのプロジェクトは政府の保護のもとで開始されました。

B2 verb /ʃrʌɡ/

shrug

肩をすくめる

Meaning

To raise and lower the shoulders to express uncertainty or indifference.

Example

He shrugged when asked about the missing file.

彼は失われたファイルについて聞かれると肩をすくめました。

C2 noun /ˈsɪniæst/

cineast

映画愛好家

Meaning

A film enthusiast or filmmaker; a person deeply interested in cinema.

Example

As a true cineast, she spends most weekends watching classic films.

真のシネアストとして、彼女はほとんどの週末をクラシック映画を観ることに費やします。

B2 noun/verb /ˈkwɒr.ən.tiːn/

quarantine

隔離

Meaning

A period of isolation to prevent the spread of disease.

Example

The travelers were placed in quarantine for two weeks.

旅行者は2週間の隔離にされました。

C1 verb prəˈpel

propel

推進する

Meaning

To drive, push, or cause to move in a particular direction, typically forward.

Example

Lack of proper guidance can propel adolescents toward delinquency.

適切な指導が欠如すると、青少年は犯罪へと向かうことになるかもしれません。

C1 noun /ˌdɪsəˈbiːdiəns/

disobedience

不従順

Meaning

failure or refusal to obey rules, laws, or authority

Example

The child's disobedience worried his parents.

子供の不従順は両親を心配させました。

B1 verb /baʊns/

bounce

跳ね返る

Meaning

to spring back after hitting something; to rebound.

Example

The ball bounced off the wall and hit the window.

ボールは壁に当たって跳ね返り、窓に当たりました。

C1 adjective /ˈskɛtʃi/

sketchy

不完全

Meaning

not thorough or detailed; suspicious or unsafe

Example

The details of the project were still sketchy.

プロジェクトの詳細はまだ不完全でした。

Meaning

only one; not one of several

Example

She bought a single ticket for the concert.

B2 verb prəˈmoʊtɪŋ

promoting

促進する

Meaning

Supporting or actively encouraging; helping to develop or increase.

Example

Promoting practical education ensures skill development.

実践的な教育を促進することは、スキルの発展を確実にします。

C2 noun /pɪˈnɒlədʒi/

penology

刑務学

Meaning

The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.

Example

He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.

彼は刑務学を専門にすることに決め、刑務所制度の改善に役立つことを目指しました。

C2 noun /ˈniːəˌfaɪt/

neophyte

初心者

Meaning

A beginner or novice in a subject, skill, or belief.

Example

As a neophyte in programming, she often asked for guidance from her mentor.

プログラミングの初心者として、彼女はよくメンターに指導を求めていた。

A2 verb /siːm/

seem

見える

Meaning

to give the impression of being something or having a particular quality

Example

He seems tired after the long journey.

長い旅の後、彼は疲れているように見える。

C2 verb /bɪˈleɪbə/

belabour

くどく説明する

Meaning

to explain something repeatedly or with excessive detail; to criticize or attack verbally at length

Example

The teacher did not belabour the point once the students understood it.

学生が理解した後、教師はその点をくどく説明しなかった。

C1 adjective eɪˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs

asynchronous

非同期の

Meaning

Of or requiring a form of computer control timing protocol in which a specific operation begins upon receipt of an indication that the preceding operation has been completed.

Example

Asynchronous courses allow students to learn at their own pace.

非同期コースは学生が自分のペースで学べるようにします。

B2 noun /kaʊtʃ/

Couch

カウチ

Meaning

a long upholstered seat for more than one person, typically with a back and arms

Example

The family gathered on the couch to watch a movie.

家族はソファに集まり、映画を見ました。

Meaning

To provide with a quality, ability, or gift; to donate funds for a purpose.

Example

The university was endowed with a generous donation.

C2 adjective /ˌdeɪ.kɒlˈteɪ/

decollete

深い胸元の衣装

Meaning

of a woman's dress or top, cut low so as to reveal the neck and upper chest

Example

She wore a decollete gown to the party.

彼女はパーティーで深い胸元のドレスを着ていました。

C1 noun /hjuː/

hue

色合い

Meaning

A color or shade.

Example

The artist chose a soft blue hue for the background.

アーティストは背景のために柔らかい青い色合いを選びました。

B2 noun /ɡreɪv/

Grave

墓

Meaning

a hole dug in the ground to receive a coffin; a place of burial; serious or solemn

Example

The family visited the grave of their beloved grandfather every Sunday.

家族は毎週日曜日に愛する祖父の墓を訪れていました。

C2 adverb /ˌfɔːrθˈwɪθ/

Forthwith

ただちに; 遅れなく; すぐに

Meaning

immediately; without delay; at once

Example

The manager ordered the employee to stop the unsafe practice forthwith.

マネージャーは従業員に危険な行為をただちにやめるように命じました。

A1 adjective /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt/

important

重要

Meaning

Of great significance or value; likely to have a profound effect on success, survival, or well-being.

Example

Important steps must be taken to address pollution.

汚染に対処するためには重要なステップを踏む必要があります。

C1 adjective /ˈflɪmzi/

flimsy

弱々しい

Meaning

weak, fragile, or lacking in strength; not convincing

Example

The chair was too flimsy to support his weight.

その椅子は重さを支えられないほど弱々しかった。

C2 noun /ˈwɒntənnəs/

wantonness

無意味な残虐

Meaning

The quality of being reckless, cruel, or deliberately malicious.

Example

His wantonness shocked everyone at the gathering.

彼の無意味な残虐は集まりの全員を驚かせました。