C2 noun /əˈpɒfəsɪs/

apophasis

Meaning

A rhetorical device where the speaker brings up a subject by denying it or pretending to pass over it.

Example

The politician used apophasis by saying, 'I won’t even mention my opponent’s scandals.'

A2 noun /ɪkˈsaɪt.mənt/

Excitement

興奮

Meaning

a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness

Example

The children could barely contain their excitement about the upcoming field trip.

子供たちは次の学校旅行についての興奮を抑えることができなかった。

C2 adjective /ɪˈfiːt/

effete

無力

Meaning

Lacking vitality, strength, or effectiveness; weak and overrefined.

Example

The empire became effete after centuries of indulgence.

帝国は何世代にもわたる享楽の後、無力になった。

C2 verb /frɪsk/

frisk

ボディチェックする

Meaning

To search a person by patting their clothing to check for concealed items.

Example

The security guard frisked the man at the entrance.

セキュリティガードは入口でその男性をフリスクしました。

B2 noun daɪˈmen.ʃən

dimension

次元

Meaning

An aspect or feature of a situation, problem, or thing; a measurable extent.

Example

Renewable projects add a new dimension to urban planning.

再生可能エネルギープロジェクトは都市計画に新しい次元を加えます。

C2 noun /ˌhaɪdroʊdaɪˈnæmɪks/

hydrodynamics

Meaning

The branch of science concerned with the motion of fluids, especially liquids, and the forces acting on solid bodies immersed in fluids.

Example

Hydrodynamics is essential in designing efficient ship hulls.

C1 noun /dɪˈsiːt/

Deceit

欺瞞; 詐欺; 嘘

Meaning

the action or practice of deceiving someone by concealing or misrepresenting the truth

Example

His deceit was discovered when the truth about his qualifications came to light.

彼の欺瞞は、彼の資格についての真実が明らかになったときに発覚しました。

C1 adjective /ˌæprɪˈhɛnsɪv/

apprehensive

不安な

Meaning

feeling anxious or fearful that something bad will happen

Example

He was apprehensive about starting a new job in a foreign country.

彼は外国で新しい仕事を始めることに不安を感じていた。

C2 adjective /ˈfiːbəlˌmaɪndɪd/

feebleminded

愚かまたは弱い精神の

Meaning

lacking intelligence or mental capacity; foolish or weak-minded

Example

The feebleminded man struggled to understand basic instructions.

その弱い精神の男性は、基本的な指示を理解するのに苦労していました。

C1 noun (plural of fungus) /ˈfʌndʒaɪ/

fungi

菌類

Meaning

a group of spore-producing organisms such as mushrooms, molds, and yeasts

Example

Fungi play an important role in breaking down organic matter in nature.

菌類は自然界で有機物を分解する重要な役割を果たします。

C2 noun/verb /ˈkʌdʒ.əl/

cudgel

棒

Meaning

A short, thick stick used as a weapon; to beat with a cudgel.

Example

The guard used a cudgel to chase away the thief.

警備員は棒を使って泥棒を追い払った。

C1 adjective /ɒmˈnɪv.ər.əs/

Omnivorous

雑食性

Meaning

eating both plants and animals; feeding on various kinds of food

Example

Bears are omnivorous animals that eat both plants and meat.

クマは雑食性の動物で、植物と肉を食べます。

C2 adverb /əˈsɪdʒuəsli/

assiduously

熱心に

Meaning

with great care and persistence

Example

He worked assiduously to complete the project before the deadline.

彼は締め切り前にプロジェクトを完了するために熱心に働きました。

C2 noun /ˈɡraɪndstoʊn/

grindstone

砥石

Meaning

a thick disc of stone used for grinding, sharpening, or polishing tools

Example

The blacksmith sharpened his blade on the grindstone.

鍛冶屋はグラインドストーンで刃を研いだ。

C1 verb /əˈsæsɪneɪt/

assassinate

暗殺

Meaning

To murder someone important, often a political or religious leader, usually by surprise attack.

Example

The rebels planned to assassinate the king.

反乱者たちは王を暗殺する計画を立てた。

C1 adjective /ˈskwiːmɪʃ/

squeamish

簡単に気分が悪くなったり、吐き気を催したり、嫌悪感を抱いたりする

Meaning

easily made to feel sick, faint, or disgusted

Example

She felt squeamish at the sight of blood.

彼女は血を見て気分が悪くなった。

C2 verb /əˈbʌt/

abut

隣接する

Meaning

to be next to or share a border with

Example

The park abuts the river on the north side.

公園は北側で川と隣接しています。

C1 verb /əˈtjuːn/

attune

順応させる

Meaning

to make someone or something aware of or responsive to something; to adjust or harmonize

Example

She quickly attuned herself to the needs of her new team.

彼女は新しいチームのニーズにすぐ順応した。

C2 adjective /ˈɪn.dɪ.dʒənt/

indigent

困窮

Meaning

lacking the necessities of life due to poverty; very poor

Example

The hospital offers free care to indigent patients.

病院は困窮した患者に無料でケアを提供しています。

C1 verb /əˈbɔːrt/

abort

中止する；中絶する

Meaning

to stop a process or action before it is completed; to end a pregnancy deliberately

Example

The pilot decided to abort the mission due to bad weather.

悪天候のため、パイロットは任務を中止した。

C1 noun /ˈpɪnəkəl/

pinnacle

頂点

Meaning

the highest point or peak of something, especially of success or achievement

Example

Winning the Nobel Prize was the pinnacle of her career.

ノーベル賞を受賞することは彼女のキャリアのピークでした。

A2 adjective /ˈleɪtɪst/

latest

ascendancy

優位, 支配

Meaning

A position of power, influence, or control over others.

Example

The company gained ascendancy in the market through innovation.

その会社は革新を通じて市場で優位を獲得しました。

C1 noun ˈsɛlf pəˈzɪʃən

self-possession

自己抑制

Meaning

The quality of being calm and confident and in control of one's emotions; composure.

Example

His self-possession during the crisis was remarkable.

彼の危機的な状況での自己抑制は素晴らしかった。

C1 adjective /ˈrʌɡ.ɪd/

Rugged

でこぼこで不規則な; 不規則な表面を持つ; 強くて丈夫な

Meaning

rough and uneven; having a rough irregular surface; tough and strong

Example

The hikers crossed the rugged mountain terrain.

ハイカーたちは荒れた山岳地帯を越えた。

C2 noun ˈnjʊə.rəʊ ˌfiːd.bæk

neurofeedback

脳の活動をリアルタイムで表示し、脳機能の自己調整を教える技術

Meaning

A technique that uses real-time displays of brain activity to teach self-regulation of brain function.

Example

Neurofeedback enhances cognitive performance and relaxation.

ニューロフィードバックは認知機能とリラクゼーションを高めます。

C1 noun /ˌvɜːrtʃuˈoʊsoʊ/

virtuoso

名人

Meaning

A person highly skilled in music, art, or another artistic pursuit.

Example

The pianist is a true virtuoso, captivating audiences worldwide.

そのピアニストは真の名人であり、世界中の観客を魅了しています。

C1 adjective /steɪd/

staid

堅実、尊敬される

Meaning

Serious, respectable, and unadventurous.

Example

He came from a staid family background.

彼は堅実な家庭から来た。

C1 noun /ˌɛksɪˈkjuːʃənər/

executioner

処刑人

Meaning

A person who carries out a death sentence by execution.

Example

The executioner prepared the gallows for the condemned prisoner.

処刑人は死刑囚のために絞首台を準備した。

B2 adjective ˌæs.trəˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl

astronomical

天文学的

Meaning

Relating to astronomy; extremely large in amount or extent.

Example

The astronomical price reflects its exclusivity.

天文学的な価格はその排他性を反映しています。

C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

幸せ

Meaning

A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.

Example

She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

A2 noun /ˈriː.zənz/

reasons

理由

Meaning

Causes, explanations, or justifications for an action or event.

Example

Reasons for pollution need addressing urgently.

汚染の理由は緊急に対処する必要があります。

C1 noun /pləˈsiːboʊ/

placebo

プラセボ

Meaning

a substance with no therapeutic effect, used as a control in testing new drugs

Example

The patient was given a placebo to compare the effect of the real drug.

患者は実際の薬の効果と比較するためにプラセボを与えられました。

B2 noun /ˈɑːr.mər/

Armour

鎧

Meaning

protective covering worn by soldiers; metal plating for military vehicles

Example

The knight wore heavy armour to protect himself in battle.

騎士は戦いの中で自分を守るために重い鎧を着ていました。

A1 verb /spik/

speak

話す

Meaning

to say words; to communicate verbally

Example

She can speak three languages fluently.

彼女は3つの言語を流暢に話せます。

B1 noun əˈnæl.ə.sɪs

analysis

分析

Meaning

Detailed examination and evaluation of data or information to understand its components and relationships.

Example

Data analysis is crucial for machine learning models.

データ分析は機械学習モデルにとって重要です。

C1 noun /bruːˈtæləti/

brutality

残虐さ

Meaning

extreme cruelty or violence; savage or inhumane treatment

Example

The brutality of the attack shocked the entire community.

その攻撃の残虐さは地域全体を震撼させた。

C1 noun əˈtrɪʃ.ən

attrition

減耗

Meaning

The process of reducing something's strength or effectiveness through sustained attack or pressure.

Example

The company faced high employee attrition due to job dissatisfaction.

会社は仕事への不満により従業員の高い離職率に直面した。

B2 noun /ˈkɒn.flɪkt ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/

conflict resolution

紛争解決

Meaning

The process of finding peaceful solutions to disputes or disagreements between parties.

Example

Conflict resolution is vital for global peace.

紛争解決は世界の平和にとって重要です。

C2 verb /bɪˈlaɪ/

belie

偽る

Meaning

To give a false impression of something; to contradict.

Example

His calm face belied his inner anxiety.

彼の落ち着いた顔は彼の内なる不安を偽っていた。

C2 adjective /ˌsʌpəzɪˈtɪʃəs/

supposititious

仮定的

Meaning

Based on assumption rather than fact; not genuine or authentic.

Example

The story turned out to be supposititious, with no evidence to support it.

その話は仮定的であり、それを支持する証拠はありませんでした。

A2 noun /ˈsuːt.keɪs/

suitcase

スーツケース

Meaning

A portable rectangular container for carrying clothes and personal items when traveling

Example

She packed her clothes into a suitcase for the trip.

彼女は旅行のために服をスーツケースに詰めた。

C1 noun /ˈtɛnər/

tenor

テノール / 一般的なトーン

Meaning

the general meaning, drift, or character of something; a male singing voice between baritone and alto

Example

The overall tenor of his speech was hopeful and reassuring.

彼のスピーチの全体的なトーンは希望に満ち、安心感を与えるものでした。

C1 adjective ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv

counterproductive

逆効果

Meaning

Having the opposite of the desired effect; tending to hinder rather than help.

Example

Counterproductive activities often stem from dissatisfaction.

反生産的な活動は、不満から生じることが多いです。

B2 verb /ˈtɛrəˌfaɪ/

terrify

怖がらせる

Meaning

To cause someone to feel extreme fear.

Example

The loud thunder terrified the children.

大きな雷が子供たちを怖がらせた。

C2 verb /bɪˈmjuːz/

bemuse

困惑させる

Meaning

To confuse or puzzle someone.

Example

The complex instructions bemused the new employees.

複雑な指示が新しい従業員を困惑させました。

C1 noun /ˈdʒʌɡərˌnɔːt/

juggernaut

止められない力

Meaning

A huge, powerful, and unstoppable force or institution.

Example

The new tech company has become a juggernaut in the industry.

新しいテクノロジー企業は業界で止められない力となった。

C2 adjective /ˈoʊ.kən/

oaken

オーク材で作られた

Meaning

made of or resembling oak wood

Example

The villagers gathered around the oaken table in the hall.

村人たちはホールの中のオーク材のテーブルの周りに集まりました。

C1 noun /ˈdɛməɡɒɡ/

demagogue

デマゴーグ

Meaning

A political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular desires and prejudices rather than by using rational argument.

Example

The crowd was swayed by the fiery speeches of the demagogue.

群衆はデマゴーグの情熱的な演説に影響された。

C1 adjective /ˈmɒnstrəs/

Monstrous

非常に大きい; 衝撃的な悪または間違い; 異常または不自然

Meaning

extremely large; shockingly evil or wrong; abnormal or unnatural

Example

The monstrous crime shocked the entire community.

そのモンスターのような犯罪はコミュニティ全体を驚かせました。

A2 noun /ˈdeɪn.dʒər/

danger

危険

Meaning

The possibility of harm, injury, or loss.

Example

The hikers were in great danger during the storm.

登山者は嵐の中で大きな危険にさらされていました。

C2 noun /ˈbɑːr.nɪ.kəl/

Barnacle

フジツボ

Meaning

a marine crustacean that attaches itself permanently to underwater surfaces

Example

The old ship's hull was covered with barnacles.

古い船の船体にはフジツボがびっしりと付いていた。

C2 adjective /ˌsuːprəˈmʌndeɪn/

supramundane

超俗的

Meaning

beyond the physical or ordinary world; transcendent

Example

The monk spoke of supramundane peace beyond material life.

僧侶は物質的な生活を超えた超俗的な平和について話しました。

C2 noun /ˈmædʒɪstrəsi/

magistracy

裁判所の事務所

Meaning

The office, authority, or district of a magistrate.

Example

He was proud to serve in the local magistracy for over a decade.

彼は10年以上にわたって地元の裁判所の事務所で働いていることを誇りに思っていました。

B2 noun, verb /kjuːb/

cube

立方体

Meaning

As a noun: a solid object with six equal square faces. As a verb: to cut food into small square pieces.

Example

She put a sugar cube in her tea.

彼女はお茶に砂糖のキューブを入れました。

B2 noun /ˈaʊt.saɪ.dər/

Out-sider

アウトサイダー

Meaning

a person who does not belong to a particular group; someone not accepted by a group

Example

As an outsider, he found it difficult to understand their traditions.

アウトサイダーとして、彼は彼らの伝統を理解するのが難しいと感じました。

C1 noun /ˈdɑːrwɪnɪzəm/

darwinism

ダーウィニズム

Meaning

the theory of biological evolution developed by Charles Darwin, emphasizing natural selection

Example

Darwinism revolutionized the way scientists understood the origin of species.

ダーウィニズムは科学者たちが種の起源を理解する方法を革命的に変えました。

B2 adjective /ˈtɔː.kə.tɪv/

Talkative

おしゃべり

Meaning

fond of talking; speaking freely and at length

Example

My talkative neighbor loves to chat about everything.

私のおしゃべりな隣人は、何でも話すのが大好きです。

C1 adjective /ˈmiːɡər/

meager

乏しい

Meaning

Lacking in quantity or quality; inadequate.

Example

He could barely survive on his meager salary.

彼は乏しい給料でかろうじて生きていけた。

C1 noun /ʃæk/

Shack

小屋

Meaning

a small, crudely built dwelling; a poorly constructed building

Example

The fisherman lived in a small shack near the beach.

漁師は海岸近くの小さな小屋に住んでいました。

C1 adjective /ˈpruː.dənt/

Prudent

慎重な; 賢明な; 注意深い;

Meaning

wise; careful; cautious;

Example

It's prudent to save money for the future.

将来に備えてお金を貯めることは慎重です。

B1 noun /ˈfɔːr.mæt/

Format

フォーマット

Meaning

the way in which something is arranged or set out; the shape, size, and presentation of a book or document

Example

Please submit your report in PDF format by the end of the week.

週末までにPDFフォーマットで報告書を提出してください。

C2 adjective /ˈdɪfɪdənt/

diffident

Meaning

Shy or lacking confidence in one's own abilities.

Example

He was too diffident to ask a question in class.

C1 noun /ˈsaɪkiː/

psyche

魂 / 心

Meaning

the human soul, mind, or spirit

Example

The novel explores the depths of the human psyche.

その小説は人間の精神の深層を探求します。

C1 verb /ɪnˈtʃænt/

enchant

Meaning

to delight or charm greatly; to cast a spell over

Example

The storyteller enchanted the children with his tales.

B1 noun /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.ʧər/

Literature

文学

Meaning

written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit; books and writings published on a particular subject

Example

She studied English literature at university.

彼女は大学で英文学を学びました。

B1 noun /ˈseɪ.ɪŋ/

Saying

格言

Meaning

a well-known phrase that expresses something true about life; a proverb

Example

There's an old saying that practice makes perfect.

「継続は力なり」という古い格言があります。

C1 noun /rɪˌmjuː.nəˈreɪ.ʃən/

Remuneration

報酬; 報奨金; 料金

Meaning

money paid for work or services; compensation or reward

Example

The job offers excellent remuneration and benefits.

その仕事は優れた報酬と福利厚生を提供します。

B1 verb /kræk/

crack

幸せ

Meaning

To break or cause to break without complete separation; to make a sharp sound.

Example

The glass cracked when it was dropped on the floor.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

C1 noun /ˈmeɪ.triˌɑːrk/

matriarch

Meaning

A woman who is the head of a family or community.

Example

The matriarch of the family made all important decisions.

C1 noun /ˈhjuːbrɪs/

hubris

傲慢

Meaning

excessive pride or self-confidence

Example

His hubris led to his downfall.

彼の傲慢が彼の没落を引き起こした。

B2 verb, noun, adjective /prɑːmpt/

prompt

促す / 迅速

Meaning

To cause someone to take action; done without delay.

Example

His speech prompted the audience to ask questions.

彼のスピーチは聴衆に質問を促しました。

C2 verb /θrɛʃ/

thresh

Meaning

to separate grain from the plant by beating or by using a machine

Example

Farmers used machines to thresh the wheat after harvest.

B2 noun /ˈfrʌn.tɪər/

frontier

境界または新しい分野

Meaning

A new area of activity, knowledge, or development; the edge of knowledge or achievement.

Example

Robotic surgery is exploring a new frontier in medicine.

ロボット手術は医学の新しいフロンティアを探求しています。

B2 verb/noun /ˈsɛnsər/

censor

検閲

Meaning

to suppress or remove parts of books, films, or information considered offensive or harmful; a person who does this

Example

The government tried to censor the controversial film.

政府はその物議を醸す映画を検閲しようとしました。

B2 verb /ˈfrʌsˌtreɪt/

frustrate

フラストレートする

Meaning

to prevent from accomplishing; to make someone feel annoyed

Example

The traffic jam frustrated all the commuters.

渋滞はすべての通勤者をフラストレートさせました。

C2 adjective /blɑːˈzeɪ/

blase

無関心, 無感動

Meaning

unimpressed or indifferent to something because it has been experienced so often before

Example

After years of luxury travel, she felt blase about another trip to Paris.

何年もの贅沢な旅行の後、彼女はパリへの別の旅行に対して無関心を感じた。

B1 adjective /ˈsoʊ kɔːld/

so-called

Meaning

referred to as or known by a particular name or title, often misleadingly

Example

The so-called expert couldn't answer the question.

B2 adjective /əˈsɜːr.tɪv/

Assertive

自己主張の強い; 自信に満ちた

Meaning

confident and forceful; having a strong personality

Example

She is very assertive when speaking in meetings.

彼女は会議で話すとき、とてもアサーティブです。

C2 adjective /ˈtɔːdri/

tawdry

安っぽくて派手だが、質が悪い

Meaning

cheap and showy but of poor quality

Example

She wore a tawdry necklace that broke easily.

彼女は安っぽくて派手なネックレスをしていて、簡単に壊れた。

C1 phrase lɪˈdʒɪt.ɪ.mət sɛlf dɪˈfens

legitimate self-defense

正当防衛

Meaning

Lawful protection of oneself from harm or attack.

Example

The country claimed it was legitimate self-defense.

その国は正当防衛であると主張しました。

C1 noun /ˈɡaɪ.zər/

geyser

間欠泉

Meaning

A natural hot spring that intermittently ejects a column of water and steam into the air.

Example

The geyser erupted, shooting water high into the sky.

そのガイザーが噴火し、水を空高く吹き上げました。

C2 verb /dɪsˈmɛmbər/

dismember

切断する

Meaning

to cut or tear the limbs from a body; to divide into separate parts

Example

The king ordered his enemies to be dismembered.

王は敵を切り刻むよう命じました。

B2 verb /rɪˈdʒɔɪs/

rejoice

喜ぶ

Meaning

to feel or show great joy; to celebrate

Example

The family rejoices at the good news.

その家族は良いニュースに喜んでいます。

C1 noun /oʊˈbɪt.ʃu.er.i/

Obituary

訃報

Meaning

a notice of someone's death published in a newspaper; biographical account of deceased person

Example

The newspaper published his obituary yesterday.

新聞は昨日彼の訃報を掲載しました。

C2 adjective /pərˈsɪpiənt/

percipient

鋭い洞察力を持つ

Meaning

Having good understanding or insight; able to perceive things clearly.

Example

As a percipient critic, she recognized the deeper meaning of the play.

鋭い洞察力を持つ批評家として、彼女は劇の深い意味を認識しました。

C1 verb /rɪˈsʌsɪteɪt/

resuscitate

Meaning

to revive someone from unconsciousness or apparent death

Example

The doctors tried to resuscitate the patient after the heart attack.

C2 noun (plural) /ˌmæk.ɪˈneɪ.ʃənz/

machinations

陰謀

Meaning

complicated and secret plans, often intended to cause harm

Example

The politician was brought down by his own machinations.

その政治家は自分の陰謀によって倒れた。

A2 adjective /ˈmeɪdʒər/

major

重要な

Meaning

important, serious, or significant

Example

Climate change is a major concern for the world.

気候変動は世界にとって重大な懸念事項です。

C2 adjective /ˈbɪliəs/

bilious

胆汁の

Meaning

Relating to bile or an ill-tempered, irritable disposition.

Example

He became bilious after hearing the unfair criticism.

不公平な批判を聞いた後、彼は怒りっぽくなった。

B1 noun /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/

championship

選手権

Meaning

a competition to decide who is the best in a particular sport or activity.

Example

The championship will be held next month.

選手権は来月行われます。

A2 verb /taɪ/

Tie

結ぶ

Meaning

to fasten with string or rope; to have equal scores in a competition

Example

Please tie your shoelaces before running.

走る前に靴ひもを結んでください。

B1 noun /ˈneɪvi/

Navy

海軍

Meaning

the branch of armed forces that conducts military operations at sea

Example

He joined the navy after graduating from college.

彼は大学を卒業した後、海軍に入隊した。

C1 adjective /ˈnjuː.tri.ənt dɛns/

nutrient-dense

栄養価が高い

Meaning

Rich in nutrients and high nutritional value.

Example

Organic food is often more nutrient-dense than processed food.

オーガニック食品は、加工食品よりも栄養価が高いことがよくあります。

B2 adjective /suːˈpɪə.ri.ər/

Superior

優れている; 平均以上

Meaning

higher in rank, quality, or importance; better than average

Example

This product is superior to all others in the market.

この製品は市場の他のすべての製品より優れています。

C1 adjective ˈskruː.pjʊ.ləs

scrupulous

慎重

Meaning

Diligent, thorough, and extremely attentive to details; having moral integrity; acting in strict regard for what is considered right or proper.

Example

He is known for being scrupulous in his work.

彼は仕事において慎重であることで知られています。

A2 adjective /ˈpeɪ.ʃənt/

Patient

幸せ

Meaning

able to wait calmly; tolerant

Example

She was very patient with her young students.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、自分の幸せを隠すことができませんでした。

B1 adjective /ɪnˈkɝr.ɪ.dʒɪŋ/

Encouraging

励ましの; モチベーションを与える

Meaning

giving support or confidence; inspiring; motivating

Example

The teacher's encouraging words motivated the students.

先生の励ましの言葉は生徒たちを励ました。

B2 noun /ʌnˈrest/

Unrest

不安; 動乱; 社会的または政治的混乱

Meaning

a state of dissatisfaction and disturbance; social or political disorder

Example

The economic crisis led to widespread social unrest.

経済危機は広範な社会的不安を引き起こしました。

B2 verb /slæp/

slap

ビンタ

Meaning

to hit someone quickly with the flat part of the hand; to strike sharply

Example

She was so angry that she slapped him across the face.

彼女は怒りすぎて顔にビンタをした。

C2 verb /læmˈpuːn/

lampoon

嘲笑する

Meaning

to publicly criticize or ridicule someone or something with humor, irony, or sarcasm

Example

The cartoonist lampooned the politician for his contradictory statements.

カリカチュアリストはその矛盾する発言で政治家を嘲笑した。

B2 noun /ˈɡreɪt.fəl.nəs/

Gratefulness

感謝

Meaning

the quality of being thankful; readiness to show appreciation for kindness

Example

She expressed her gratefulness to the doctors who saved her life.

彼女は彼女の命を救ってくれた医師たちに感謝の気持ちを表現しました。

C1 adjective /ˈpent ʌp/

Pent-up

抑えられた; 制限された; 閉じ込められた

Meaning

suppressed; restrained; confined

Example

He had pent-up anger that finally exploded.

彼は抑えられた怒りを抱えており、最終的に爆発した。

C2 adjective /ɪˈmɒdɪst/

immodest

傲慢 / 不適切

Meaning

lacking humility or decency; excessively proud or improper

Example

His immodest remarks offended the audience.

彼の傲慢な発言は観客を不快にさせた。

C2 noun /loʊd/

lode

鉱脈

Meaning

A rich source of something, often a vein of valuable metal in the earth.

Example

The miners discovered a rich lode of silver.

鉱夫たちは豊かな銀の鉱脈を発見しました。

A2 noun /æd/

ad

Meaning

a notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event

Example

The company released a new ad for their smartphone.

会社はスマートフォンの新しい広告を公開しました。

C2 noun /kiˌɑːrəˈskjʊəroʊ/

chiaroscuro

光と影の劇的な対比

Meaning

The use of strong contrasts between light and dark in art or literature to create a dramatic effect.

Example

The artist's painting used chiaroscuro to highlight the figure's face.

そのアーティストの絵画は、人物の顔を強調するためにキアロスクーロを使用しました。

C1 verb /dɪˈfrɔːd/

defraud

詐欺

Meaning

to illegally take money or valuables from someone by deception

Example

The company was accused of trying to defraud investors.

その会社は投資家をだまそうとしたとして告発されました。

A1 verb /ˈænsər/

answer

答える

Meaning

to respond to a question; to reply; to solve

Example

She will answer the phone when it rings.

彼女は電話が鳴ったら電話に出ます。

C2 noun /ˌɛpɪˈsaɪklɔɪd/

epicycloid

エピサイクロイド

Meaning

a curve traced by a point on the circumference of a circle that rolls around the outside of another circle

Example

The mathematician demonstrated how to draw an epicycloid.

数学者はエピサイクロイドの描き方を示しました。

A1 noun /wɛst/

west

西

Meaning

the direction to the left of the north and to the right of the south, typically associated with the sunset

Example

The sun sets in the west.

太陽は西に沈みます。

C1 verb /dɪˈstɪl/

distill

Meaning

To purify a liquid by heating and cooling; to extract the essential meaning or most important aspects.

Example

The factory distills water to make it safe for drinking.

C2 noun /ˈsɛʃən/

cession

権利や財産の譲渡

Meaning

The formal giving up of rights, property, or territory, especially by a state.

Example

The treaty resulted in the cession of land to the neighboring country.

条約の結果、土地は隣国に譲渡されました。

B2 noun /ˈbrɛkdaʊn/

breakdown

故障

Meaning

a failure or collapse of a system or machinery

Example

The car had a breakdown on the highway.

車は高速道路で故障しました。

B1 adjective /ˈvɛəriəs/

Various

さまざまな; 多様な種類の

Meaning

several different; many different types of

Example

She has lived in various countries around the world.

彼女は世界中の様々な国で生活していました。

A1 noun/verb /bæŋk/

bank

銀行

Meaning

an institution where money is kept and managed; or to tilt in movement (like an airplane or riverbank)

Example

She deposited the money in the bank.

彼女は銀行にお金を預けました。

B2 noun /bætʃ/

batch

一度に生産または処理されたアイテムの量

Meaning

a quantity of items produced or processed at one time

Example

She baked a fresh batch of cookies this morning.

彼女は今朝、新しいバッチのクッキーを焼いた。

B2 adverb /wɛərˈbaɪ/

whereby

によって

Meaning

by which; because of which

Example

The company agreed to a contract whereby it would pay the penalty.

その会社は、罰金を支払う契約に同意しました。

B2 verb /ˈpɑːlɪʃ/

polish

磨く

Meaning

to make smooth and shiny by rubbing; to improve or refine

Example

She needs to polish her shoes before the interview.

面接前に靴を磨かなければならない。

B2 noun /ˈpetəl/

Petal

花弁

Meaning

One of the colored segments of a flower that forms the corolla

Example

Each petal of the daisy was white with a yellow center.

デイジーの各花弁は白で、中央は黄色でした。

C2 noun /dɪˈpɑːzɪtər/

depositor

預金者

Meaning

a person who places money in a bank or financial institution

Example

The bank provides insurance to protect depositors’ funds.

銀行は預金者の資金を保護するために保険を提供しています。