C1 adjective /ˌæpəˈθɛtɪk/

apathetic

Meaning

showing or feeling little or no interest, enthusiasm, or concern

Example

He was apathetic about the outcome of the match.

C1 noun trænˈsɛndəns

transcendence

超越

Meaning

Existence or experience beyond the normal or physical level.

Example

The artist's work was a symbol of transcendence in creativity.

アーティストの作品は創造性における超越の象徴だった。

C1 noun /ˈtʃaɪ.nə.weər/

China-ware

チャイナウェア

Meaning

dishes, plates, cups, and other tableware made of porcelain or fine ceramic

Example

The expensive china-ware was displayed in the cabinet.

高価なチャイナウェアはキャビネットに展示されていました。

C1 noun /djuːˈɛt/

duet

デュエット

Meaning

a musical performance by two singers or instrumentalists

Example

They sang a beautiful duet together on stage.

彼らはステージで一緒に美しいデュエットを歌った。

C1 noun /ˈfoʊk.lɔːr/

folk-lore

民間伝承

Meaning

The traditional beliefs, customs, stories, songs, and practices of a community, passed down through generations.

Example

Bangladeshi folk-lore is rich with myths and legends.

日本の民間伝承は神話や伝説で豊かです。

C1 noun /ˈwɛlˌduːər/

well-doer

善行者

Meaning

A person who does good deeds; a benefactor.

Example

The community praised the well-doer for his charity.

コミュニティはその善行者を称賛しました。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

抑制された

Meaning

Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.

Example

He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.

彼は自分の本当の感情を表現するにはあまりにも抑制されていた。

C1 noun /fəˈsɑːd/

facade

ファサード

Meaning

The front of a building; a false or superficial appearance

Example

The building's glass facade reflected the sunset.

建物のガラスのファサードは日没を反映していた。

C1 noun /ˈtiːdiəm/

tedium

退屈

Meaning

the state of being tedious; monotony or boredom

Example

The tedium of long meetings often drains motivation.

長時間の会議の退屈さはしばしばモチベーションを奪います。

C1 noun /huːf/

Hoof

ひづめ

Meaning

the hard part covering the foot of horses, cattle, sheep, and other animals

Example

The horse's hoof was injured after stepping on a sharp rock.

馬のひづめは鋭い岩に踏んだ後、けがをしました。

C1 noun /ˈmɔː.tər ænd ˈpes.əl/

Mortar and Pestle

モルタルと乳鉢

Meaning

a bowl and grinding tool used to crush and grind spices, herbs, and other substances

Example

She ground the spices using a mortar and pestle.

彼女はモルタルと乳鉢を使って香辛料を挽いた。

C1 noun ˌæp.əˈreɪ.təs

apparatus

装置

Meaning

The technical equipment or machinery needed for a particular activity or purpose.

Example

The apparatus was designed to be eco-friendly.

その装置は環境に優しいように設計されました。

C1 noun /stæɡˈneɪ.ʃən/

stagnation

停滞

Meaning

A state of inactivity or lack of growth, especially in an economy.

Example

High unemployment led to economic stagnation.

高い失業率が経済の停滞を引き起こしました。

C1 verb /əˈdʒɔɪn/

adjoin

隣接する

Meaning

To be next to and joined with something.

Example

Their house adjoins the park.

彼らの家は公園に隣接しています。

C1 noun /ˈraɪtʃəsnəs/

righteousness

正義

Meaning

the quality of being morally right or justifiable

Example

His life was dedicated to righteousness and truth.

彼の人生は正義と真実に捧げられた。

C1 adjective ˈklaɪ.mət rɪˈzɪl.i.ənt

climate-resilient

気候に強い

Meaning

Able to cope with the adverse effects of climate change; sustainable and adaptable.

Example

Climate-resilient crops can survive extreme weather conditions.

気候に強い作物は極端な天候にも耐えられます。

C1 adjective /ˈɛm.ɪ.nənt/

eminent

著名

Meaning

Famous and respected within a particular sphere or profession.

Example

He is an eminent scientist known for groundbreaking research.

彼は画期的な研究で知られる著名な科学者です。

C1 verb /əˈdʒɜrn/

adjourn

延期する

Meaning

to suspend a meeting or session to another time or place

Example

The judge decided to adjourn the hearing until next week.

裁判官は次の週まで聴聞を延期することに決めました。

C1 adjective/adverb /ˌɒfˈhænd/

offhand

軽率

Meaning

Without previous thought or preparation; casual and sometimes dismissive.

Example

She gave an offhand reply to his serious question.

彼女は彼の真剣な質問に対して、軽率な返答をした。

C1 noun /ˈkɒləmnɪst/

columnist

コラムニスト

Meaning

a journalist who regularly writes articles or opinions for a newspaper or magazine

Example

The columnist wrote an article about climate change.

コラムニストは気候変動に関する記事を書きました。

C1 noun /fɪˈnænʃɪər/

financier

金融家

Meaning

a person who manages large amounts of money or investments

Example

The financier advised the company on its investments.

金融家は会社に投資に関するアドバイスをしました。

C1 noun /ˈsɪlk.wɜːrm/

Silk-worm

かいこ

Meaning

the caterpillar of a moth that produces silk fibers used to make silk fabric

Example

Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves to produce silk.

カイコは桑の葉を食べて、絹を生産します。

C1 adjective /ɪˈlʌstriəs/

illustrious

著名

Meaning

Well known, respected, and admired for past achievements.

Example

She had an illustrious career in medicine.

彼女は医学の分野で著名なキャリアを持っていた。

C1 adverb /ˈnæroʊli/

Narrowly

かろうじて; 辛うじて

Meaning

by a small margin; barely; in a limited way

Example

She narrowly escaped the accident.

彼女は事故をかろうじて避けた。

C1 noun ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌktʃərəl dɪˈveləpmənt

infrastructural development

インフラ整備

Meaning

The process of building and improving the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.

Example

Infrastructural development is necessary for efficient recycling.

インフラストラクチャー開発は効率的なリサイクルに必要です。

C1 adverb /ˈfeɪ.təl.i/

Fatally

致命的に

Meaning

in a way that causes death; with deadly consequences; critically

Example

The accident fatally injured two passengers.

事故は二人の乗客を致命的に負傷させた。

C1 noun /səˈbraɪəti/

sobriety

節制

Meaning

the state of being sober; self-restraint and seriousness

Example

He has maintained his sobriety for five years.

彼は5年間その節制を保っています。

C1 adjective /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnsəbl̩/

reprehensible

非難すべき

Meaning

Deserving strong criticism or blame.

Example

His dishonest actions were truly reprehensible.

彼の不誠実な行動は本当に非難すべきものでした。

C1 adjective ˌɡæs.troʊ.ɪnˈtes.tɪ.nəl

gastrointestinal

胃腸の

Meaning

Relating to the stomach and intestines.

Example

Spicy food can cause gastrointestinal issues.

辛い食べ物は胃腸に問題を引き起こすことがあります。

C1 noun /ˈtæntrəm/

tantrum

癇癪

Meaning

An uncontrolled outburst of anger and frustration, typically in a young child.

Example

The child threw a tantrum when he didn’t get the toy.

子供はおもちゃをもらえなくて癇癪を起こした。

C1 noun, adjective /ˌpəʊstˈmɔːtəm/

postmortem

死後解剖

Meaning

An examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death.

Example

The doctor carried out a postmortem on the body.

医者は死体にポストモーテムを行った。

C1 adjective /ˈpɪθ.i/

pithy

簡潔で意味深い

Meaning

concise and meaningful; full of substance

Example

She gave a pithy comment that summarized the issue perfectly.

彼女は問題を完璧に要約した簡潔なコメントをしました。

C1 noun /roʊt/

rote

暗記

Meaning

mechanical or habitual repetition, often without understanding

Example

He learned the poem by rote without understanding its meaning.

彼はその詩を意味を理解せずに暗記しました。

C1 verb /ˈdiːmɑːrˌkeɪt/

demarcate

境界を定める

Meaning

to set the boundaries or limits of something

Example

The land was demarcated with fences to avoid disputes.

土地はフェンスで境界が定められて、争いを避けました。

C1 noun /ˈwɒrənt/

Warrant

捜索令状

Meaning

a legal document that gives police the authority to do something; justification or authority for an action

Example

The police obtained a search warrant before entering the building.

警察は建物に入る前に捜索令状を取得しました。

C1 noun /saɪð/

scythe

鎌

Meaning

A tool with a long curved blade used for cutting grass or grain.

Example

The farmer sharpened his scythe before harvesting the wheat.

農民は小麦を収穫する前に彼の鎌を研いだ。

C1 adjective /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/

Untouchable

触れられない; 批判や攻撃を受けない

Meaning

not able to be touched or affected; beyond criticism or attack

Example

The CEO seemed untouchable despite the scandal.

CEOはスキャンダルにもかかわらず、アンタッチャブルのように見えた。

C1 adverb /ˌðɛərˈʌv/

Thereof

それによって

Meaning

of that; from that

Example

The contract and all amendments thereof must be signed.

契約とそのすべての修正はそれによって署名される必要があります。

C1 noun /kəʊˈhiːʒən/

cohesion

結束

Meaning

The action or fact of forming a united whole.

Example

The team showed excellent cohesion throughout the project.

チームはプロジェクト全体を通して素晴らしい結束を見せました。

C1 adjective /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.məs/

autonomous

自律

Meaning

Acting independently or having the freedom to do so.

Example

Autonomous systems ensure greater precision.

自律システムはより高い精度を確保します。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɒlvənt/

insolvent

破産

Meaning

unable to pay debts owed

Example

The insolvent firm could not meet its financial obligations.

破産した企業は財務義務を果たせなかった。

C1 noun /ˌprɒvəˈkeɪʃən/

provocation

挑発

Meaning

An action or statement that is intended to make someone angry or to cause a reaction.

Example

His rude comment was a clear provocation.

彼の無礼なコメントは明らかな挑発でした。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈdjʊər.ə.bəl/

Endurable

耐えられる

Meaning

able to be endured; bearable; tolerable

Example

The pain was endurable with proper medication.

適切な薬で痛みは耐えられました。

C1 adverb /ˈhɛdˌlɔŋ/

headlong

無鉄砲に

Meaning

With the head leading; in a rush or without thinking.

Example

She rushed headlong into the new project.

彼女は無鉄砲に新しいプロジェクトに飛び込んだ。

C1 adjective /ɪnˈtjuː.ɪ.tɪv/

intuitive

直感的

Meaning

Based on instinctive understanding rather than reasoning.

Example

The software has an intuitive design that makes it easy to use.

そのソフトウェアは直感的なデザインを持っており、使いやすいです。

C1 noun /ˈɒktɪv/

octave

Meaning

A series of eight musical notes, or the interval between one musical pitch and another with double its frequency.

Example

The singer's voice could easily reach the higher octave.

C1 noun /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

drudgery

退屈で骨の折れる仕事

Meaning

Hard, menial, or dull work.

Example

She wanted to escape the drudgery of her daily routine.

彼女は日常の退屈なルーチンから抜け出したかった。

C1 adjective ɡəˈlæktɪk

galactic

銀河に関連する

Meaning

Of or relating to a galaxy or galaxies.

Example

The galactic phenomena observed by the telescope were mesmerizing.

望遠鏡で観測された銀河系の現象は魅力的でした。

C1 verb /ɪnˈterəˌɡeɪt/

interrogate

尋問する

Meaning

to ask someone questions in a thorough and formal way; to question intensively

Example

The police interrogated the suspect for hours.

警察は容疑者を何時間も尋問した。

C1 noun /liːtʃ/

Leech

ヒル

Meaning

an aquatic or terrestrial annelid worm with suckers at both ends; metaphorically, a person who extorts profit from others

Example

The leech attached itself to his leg while swimming.

ヒルは泳いでいる間、彼の足にくっついた。

C1 noun /rɪˈpreʃən/

Repression

抑圧

Meaning

the action of subduing someone or something by force; the restraint, prevention, or inhibition of a feeling, impulse, etc.

Example

The government's repression of free speech sparked widespread protests.

政府の表現の自由に対する抑圧は、広範な抗議を引き起こした。

C1 noun /əˈnɒməli/

anomaly

異常

Meaning

something that deviates from the norm or expected result

Example

The sudden drop in temperature was considered an anomaly.

温度の急激な低下は異常と見なされました。

C1 noun /mɪsˈɡɪv.ɪŋ/

Misgiving

疑念; 不安; 不確実

Meaning

A feeling of doubt or apprehension about the outcome or consequences of something

Example

She had serious misgivings about accepting the job offer.

彼女は仕事のオファーを受け入れることに対して重大な疑念を抱いていました。

C1 noun /sɛˈseɪʃən/

cessation

停止

Meaning

The fact or process of ending or being brought to an end.

Example

There was a temporary cessation of hostilities.

敵対行為は一時的に停止しました。

C1 verb /əˈdʒuːdɪˌkeɪt/

adjudicate

裁定する

Meaning

to make a formal judgment or decision about a problem or dispute

Example

The committee was formed to adjudicate disputes between the parties.

委員会は当事者間の争いを審理するために結成されました。

C1 noun /məˈmɛn.toʊ/

memento

記念品

Meaning

An object kept as a reminder of a person, place, or event.

Example

She kept the ticket as a memento of their first concert together.

彼女は最初のコンサートの記念品としてチケットを保存しました。

C1 noun flɛər

flair

才能

Meaning

A natural ability to do something well.

Example

She has a flair for design, always creating visually stunning work.

彼女はデザインに才能があり、常に視覚的に印象的な作品を作り出します。

C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

出所

Meaning

The origin or source of something.

Example

The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.

博物館は古代の写本の出所を確認しました。

C1 noun /ˈpriːsɪŋkt/

precinct

区域

Meaning

A district or area within the boundaries of a city, often for police or electoral purposes.

Example

She went to vote at her local precinct.

彼女は地元の選挙区で投票に行った。

C1 noun /ˈnɔːrməlsi/

normalcy

正常

Meaning

The condition of being normal; a return to usual or expected conditions.

Example

After the flood, the town struggled to regain a sense of normalcy.

洪水の後、町は正常な状態を取り戻すために奮闘しました。

C1 noun /ˈnaɪt.hʊd/

knighthood

騎士の位

Meaning

The rank or dignity of a knight, or the ceremony of conferring knighthood.

Example

He was honored with knighthood for his contributions to science.

彼は科学への貢献で騎士の位を授与されました。

C1 verb /ʃɪə/

shear

刈る

Meaning

to cut the wool off a sheep or to cut something with sharp tools like scissors or shears

Example

The farmer will shear the sheep in the spring.

農夫は春に羊の毛を刈ります。

C1 noun /ˈfɒdər/

fodder

飼料

Meaning

food for livestock such as cattle, horses, or sheep; also something considered of little value but used to supply a demand

Example

The farmer stored enough fodder for the cattle to last through winter.

農家は家畜が冬を越せるように十分な飼料を貯めておいた。

C1 verb /flaʊt/

flout

無視する

Meaning

To openly disregard or show contempt for a rule or law.

Example

The company was fined for flouting environmental regulations.

その会社は環境規制を無視したため罰金を科せられました。

C1 verb /kəˈmɛmɔˌreɪt/

commemorate

記念する

Meaning

To honor and remember someone or something through a ceremony or action.

Example

The statue was built to commemorate the fallen heroes.

その像は、倒れた英雄たちを記念して作られました。

C1 verb /ˈmɒd.jʊ.leɪt/

modulate

調整する

Meaning

To change the strength, tone, or pitch of something; to adjust or regulate.

Example

A good speaker knows how to modulate their voice.

良いスピーカーは、自分の声を調整する方法を知っています。

C1 noun /ˈpaɪ.ə.ti/

Piety

信仰心

Meaning

the quality of being religious or reverent; devout religious belief and practice

Example

His piety was evident in his daily prayers.

彼の信仰心は毎日の祈りに明らかでした。

C1 verb /ˈɡlɪsən/

glisten

輝く

Meaning

To shine with a sparkling light, often when wet or polished.

Example

The grass glistened with morning dew.

朝露で草は輝いていた。

C1 noun /lɔnˈdʒɛvəti/

longevity

長寿

Meaning

Long life or long existence of something.

Example

Good habits contribute to health and longevity.

良い習慣は健康と長寿に貢献します。

C1 verb /ɡʌʃ/

gush

流れる

Meaning

to flow out suddenly and forcefully, or to express something enthusiastically

Example

Tears began to gush from her eyes.

涙が彼女の目からガシュと流れ出した。

C1 verb /ɪˈloʊp/

elope

駆け落ちする

Meaning

to run away secretly in order to get married, especially without parental consent

Example

The young couple decided to elope to another city.

若いカップルは別の都市に駆け落ちすることに決めました。

C1 verb /səˈplænt/

supplant

取って代わる

Meaning

To take the place of something or someone, often by force or strategy.

Example

Digital platforms have supplanted traditional newspapers.

デジタルプラットフォームは伝統的な新聞を取って代わった。

C1 noun /ˈnɑː.sɪ.sɪ.zəm/

narcissism

自己愛

Meaning

Excessive interest in or admiration of oneself; extreme selfishness.

Example

His excessive narcissism made it difficult for him to empathize with others.

彼の過度な自己愛は、他人に共感するのを難しくした。

C1 noun /pɜːrl drɒp/

Pearl drop

パールの滴

Meaning

a single pearl used as jewelry, often in earrings or pendants

Example

The elegant pearl drop earrings complemented her outfit perfectly.

そのエレガントなパールの滴のイヤリングは、彼女の服装に完璧にマッチしていました。

C1 noun /ˈlaɪbəl/

libel

名誉毀損

Meaning

a published false statement that damages a person's reputation

Example

The newspaper was sued for libel after publishing false claims.

新聞は虚偽の主張を掲載した後、名誉毀損で訴えられました。

C1 noun /ˌtæm.bəˈriːn/

Tambourine

タンバリン

Meaning

a small drum with metal discs around the edge that jingle when shaken or hit

Example

She shook the tambourine to the rhythm of the music.

彼女は音楽のリズムに合わせてタンバリンを振った。

C1 verb /ˈdʒʌmbəl/

jumble

混ぜる

Meaning

to mix things together in a confused or untidy way

Example

Don't jumble all the papers together in one pile.

すべての書類を一つの山に混ぜないでください。

C1 noun /ˈɪm.pæs/

impasse

行き詰まり

Meaning

A situation where no progress is possible.

Example

The negotiations reached an impasse, delaying the agreement.

交渉は行き詰まり、合意が遅れた。

C1 adjective /ˈkæni/

canny

抜け目のない

Meaning

Having good judgment, especially in business or practical matters; shrewd.

Example

She made a canny investment in real estate.

彼女は不動産で抜け目のない投資をしました。

C1 adjective /ˌɪntərˈtʃeɪndʒəbl/

interchangeable

交換可能な

Meaning

able to be exchanged with each other without difference or loss of function

Example

These machine parts are interchangeable, so they can be replaced easily.

これらの機械部品は交換可能なため、簡単に交換できます。

C1 noun /ˈmɜːrdʒər/

merger

合併

Meaning

The combination of two or more companies into a single entity.

Example

The merger of the two firms created the largest bank in the region.

2社の合併により、地域で最大の銀行が設立されました。

C1 adjective /məˈroʊs/

morose

陰鬱

Meaning

sullen, gloomy, or ill-tempered

Example

He became morose after losing his job.

彼は仕事を失った後、落ち込んでしまった。

C1 adverb /ˌwɛr.əˈpɒn/

whereupon

その後すぐに

Meaning

Immediately after which; as a result of which.

Example

He confessed his mistake, whereupon she forgave him.

彼は自分の間違いを認め、すぐに彼女は彼を許しました。

C1 noun /ˈsʌm.ɪt əv ðə ˈfjuː.tʃər/

Summit of the Future

未来のサミット

Meaning

A high-level conference focused on addressing future challenges and opportunities.

Example

The Summit of the Future addressed global challenges.

未来のサミットは世界的な課題を取り上げました。

C1 noun /ˈmedoʊ/

Meadow

草地

Meaning

A piece of grassland, especially one used for hay

Example

The cows grazed peacefully in the green meadow.

牛は緑の草地で平和に草を食べていた。

C1 noun /ræθ/

Wrath

怒り; 憤怒

Meaning

extreme anger; intense fury or indignation

Example

His wrath was terrible to behold.

彼の怒りは見るに耐えなかった。

C1 verb /ˌpriːdɪˈtɜːrmɪn/

predetermine

予め決定する

Meaning

to establish or decide something in advance

Example

The outcome of the match seemed predetermined.

試合の結果は予め決められていたようだった。

C1 noun /ˈʌp.rɔːr/

Uproar

騒動; 騒ぎ; 騒音

Meaning

a loud and emotional noise or disturbance; public outcry

Example

The announcement caused an uproar among the students.

その発表は学生たちの間で騒動を引き起こしました。

C1 adjective /ˈroʊ.ɡɪʃ/

Roguish

いたずらな; 狡猾な

Meaning

mischievous; playfully dishonest

Example

His roguish smile suggested he was up to some mischief.

彼のいたずらな笑顔は、彼が何かいたずらを仕掛けていることを示唆していました。

C1 noun /ˈdɛspɒt/

despot

暴君

Meaning

a ruler with absolute power, often ruling in a cruel or oppressive way

Example

The despot ruled the nation with fear and violence.

暴君は恐怖と暴力で国を支配した。

C1 noun /rɪˈkluːs/

recluse

隠者

Meaning

A person who lives alone and avoids other people; someone who lives a solitary life.

Example

The old man lived as a recluse in the mountains.

その老人は山の中で隠者として暮らしていた。

C1 verb /skɒf/

scoff

嘲笑する

Meaning

to speak about something in a mocking or dismissive way

Example

He scoffed at the idea of moving abroad.

彼は海外に引っ越すというアイデアを嘲笑しました。

C1 noun /ˌɔːkʃəˈnɪər/

auctioneer

競売人

Meaning

a person who conducts auctions by calling out bids and selling items to the highest bidder

Example

The auctioneer quickly raised the price as bidders competed for the painting.

競売人は入札が進む中で素早く価格を上げた。

C1 noun /ˈmɑː.kɪt ˌpen.ɪˈtreɪ.ʃən/

Market Penetration

市場浸透

Meaning

A measure of the amount of sales or adoption of a product or service compared to the total theoretical market for that product or service.

Example

High market penetration ensures competitive dominance.

市場浸透が競争優位性を確保する。

C1 noun /ˈbʊzəm/

bosom

胸

Meaning

the human chest, especially a woman’s breast; also used metaphorically to refer to closeness or intimacy

Example

She kept the secret close to her bosom.

彼女は秘密を胸にしまっておいた。

C1 noun /ˈtres.pæs.ər/

Trespasser

侵入者

Meaning

a person who enters someone's property without permission

Example

The security guard caught the trespasser climbing over the fence.

セキュリティガードはフェンスを越えて登る侵入者を捕まえました。

C1 noun /kənˈfaɪnmənt/

confinement

監禁

Meaning

the state of being confined or restricted

Example

The prisoner endured years of confinement.

囚人は何年もの間監禁されていた。

C1 adverb /ˌðɛrəˈbaʊt/

thereabout

おおよそ

Meaning

Approximately or around that place, amount, or time.

Example

The repairs will cost five hundred dollars or thereabout.

修理費は約五百ドルになるでしょう。

C1 noun ˈæf.lu.əns

affluence

富裕

Meaning

The state of having a great deal of money; wealth.

Example

His affluence allowed him to travel the world.

彼の富は世界中を旅することを可能にしました。

C1 adjective /əˈblɪɡ.ə.tɔː.ri/

obligatory

義務的

Meaning

Required by a legal, moral, or other rule; compulsory.

Example

Wearing a seatbelt is obligatory in most countries.

ほとんどの国でシートベルトを着用することは義務です。

C1 verb /pɜːrtʃ/

perch

Meaning

To sit or rest on something high or narrow.

Example

The bird perched on the fence.

C1 noun /ˈɪn.tə.lekt/

intellect

知能

Meaning

The ability to think, reason, and understand objectively.

Example

Her intellect is admired by all her colleagues.

彼女の知能はすべての同僚に賞賛されています。

C1 verb, noun /ɡɔːrdʒ/

gorge

貪欲に食べる / 山間の狭い谷

Meaning

to eat greedily; a narrow valley between mountains or hills

Example

They gorged themselves on pizza after the hike.

ハイキング後に彼らはピザをむさぼり食べました。

C1 noun /prəˈpɛlənt/

propellant

推進剤

Meaning

A substance that drives or pushes something forward, especially fuel in rockets or engines.

Example

The rocket uses a liquid propellant to launch into space.

ロケットは液体推進剤を使用して宇宙に打ち上げられます。

C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈruːl/

overrule

却下する

Meaning

to reject or disallow by exercising one's superior authority; to override a decision

Example

The judge overruled the objection from the defense attorney.

裁判官は弁護側の異議を却下した。

C1 noun /ˈneɡ.lɪ.dʒəns/

Negligence

過失

Meaning

failure to take proper care in doing something; carelessness

Example

The accident was caused by driver negligence.

事故は運転手の不注意によって引き起こされました。

C1 adjective /ˈmaɪ.ɡrə.tɔːr.i/

Migratory

移動性の

Meaning

moving from one place to another; characterized by seasonal movement

Example

Many birds are migratory and travel thousands of miles each season.

多くの鳥は移動性があり、毎シーズン数千マイルも飛ぶ。

C1 noun /ˈhɑː.stɪdʒ/

Hostage

人質

Meaning

a person seized or held as security for the fulfillment of a condition; captive

Example

The police negotiated carefully to secure the release of all hostages unharmed.

警察は慎重に交渉し、すべての人質を無傷で解放することを確保しました。

C1 verb /vaʊtʃ/

vouch

保証する

Meaning

to confirm or assert the truth or reliability of something

Example

I can vouch for his honesty.

彼の誠実さを保証できます。

C1 verb /ˈflaʊndər/

flounder

もがく

Meaning

To struggle or stagger clumsily; to experience difficulty or confusion.

Example

He floundered in the interview when asked difficult questions.

彼は面接で難しい質問をされて、うろたえました。

C1 noun /ˈbærɪˌtoʊn/

baritone

低い男性の声

Meaning

a male singing voice between tenor and bass

Example

The singer’s baritone voice impressed the audience.

歌手のバリトンの声は観客に感銘を与えました。

C1 noun /ˌɪntɪˈmeɪʃən/

intimation

示唆

Meaning

A subtle or indirect hint or suggestion.

Example

She gave no intimation of her plans.

彼女は自分の計画について何の示唆も与えなかった。

C1 verb ɪkˈstræp.ə.leɪt

Extrapolate

外挿する

Meaning

Making future estimates based on existing information

Example

Scientists extrapolate climate changes based on past data.

科学者たちは過去のデータに基づいて気候変動を外挿します。

C1 noun /ˈθʌroʊˌbrɛd/

thoroughbred

純血種の馬

Meaning

a horse of pure and recognized breed; a person of good breeding or education

Example

The jockey rode a fast thoroughbred in the race.

ジョッキーはレースで速いサラブレッドに乗った。

C1 noun /ɪnˈsæn.ə.ti/

Insanity

狂気; 精神疾患

Meaning

the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme foolishness or irrationality

Example

The defense lawyer argued that his client was not guilty by reason of insanity.

弁護人は、被告人が狂気によって無罪であると主張した。

C1 noun /ˈwɪzərdri/

wizardry

魔法の技術

Meaning

The art or practice of magic; great skill or expertise in something.

Example

The programmer's wizardry amazed everyone in the room.

プログラマーの魔法の技術は部屋の中の全員を驚かせました。

C1 adjective /ˈperɪʃəbəl/

Perishable

腐りやすい

Meaning

liable to decay quickly; short-lived

Example

Store perishable foods in the refrigerator.

腐りやすい食品は冷蔵庫に保管してください。

C1 verb /ˈstæɡ.neɪt/

stagnate

停滞する

Meaning

to stop developing, progressing, or moving

Example

Without innovation, the business will stagnate.

革新がなければ、ビジネスは停滞する。

C1 adjective /ˈrɛtroʊˌɡreɪd/

retrograde

後退的

Meaning

moving backward or returning to a worse condition

Example

The policy was seen as a retrograde step for human rights.

その政策は人権に対する後退的な一歩と見なされた。

C1 noun /ˈlɛktən/

lectern

Meaning

A tall stand with a sloping top used to support a book, notes, or script during a speech or lecture.

Example

The professor placed her notes on the lectern before starting her lecture.

教授は講義を始める前にレクタウンにノートを置きました。

C1 noun /ˈaʊtriːtʃ/

outreach

支援拡大

Meaning

The act of providing services or support to people who might not otherwise have access to them.

Example

The charity launched a new outreach program for the homeless.

チャリティはホームレスのために新しい支援拡大プログラムを開始しました。