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C1 adjective, verb /ˈeɪlɪŋ/

ailing

病気の
Meaning
suffering from illness or poor health; experiencing problems or decline
Example
The ailing patient slowly began to recover after treatment.
病気の患者は治療後、ゆっくり回復し始めた。
C1 noun /ˈwɔːkɪŋ fɪʃ/

Walking-fish

ウォーキングフィッシュ
Meaning
a fish that can move on land using its fins and breathe air for extended periods
Example
The walking-fish can travel across dry land to find new water sources.
ウォーキングフィッシュは乾燥した土地を越えて新しい水源を見つけることができます。
C1 adjective /pəˈrɛniəl/

perennial

永続的
Meaning
lasting or existing for a long time, or recurring continually
Example
Climate change is a perennial concern for scientists.
気候変動は科学者にとって永続的な関心事です。
C1 adjective /ˌɑːpərˈtuːn/

opportune

適切な瞬間
Meaning
Happening at a suitable or convenient time.
Example
She arrived at an opportune moment to help.
彼女は助けるために適切な瞬間に到着しました。
C1 noun, adjective /ˈlæksətɪv/

laxative

下剤
Meaning
A medicine or substance that stimulates bowel movements; tending to loosen or relieve constipation.
Example
The doctor prescribed a mild laxative for her condition.
医者は彼女の状態のために軽い下剤を処方しました。
C1 noun /kwoʊ/

quo

現状
Meaning
The existing state of affairs or situation, often used in the phrase 'status quo'.
Example
He wanted to maintain the status quo at work.
彼は職場で現状を維持したかった。
C1 verb /trænˈzækt/

transact

取引を行う
Meaning
to conduct or carry out business, a deal, or activity
Example
Customers can transact their banking online.
顧客はオンラインで銀行取引を行うことができます。
C1 noun /ˌfəʊtəʊˈsɪnθɛtɪk ɪˈfɪʃənsi/

photosynthetic efficiency

光合成効率
Meaning
The measure of how effectively plants convert light energy into chemical energy through the process of photosynthesis, directly affecting plant growth and crop yield.
Example
Improving photosynthetic efficiency can increase crop yields.
光合成効率を改善すると、作物の収量を増やすことができます。
C1 adjective /ˈɪmpjəd(ə)nt/

impudent

無礼な、厚かましい
Meaning
not showing due respect for another person; rude
Example
The impudent child talked back to the teacher.
その無礼な子供は先生に逆らった。
C1 noun /ˌɑːsɪˈleɪʃən/

oscillation

振動
Meaning
The movement back and forth at a regular speed.
Example
The oscillation of the pendulum controls the clock.
振り子の振動が時計を制御します。
C1 noun /draɪ ˈtʃɪl.i/

Dry Chilli

乾燥唐辛子
Meaning
dried chili peppers used as spice for adding heat to food
Example
The recipe calls for two dry chillies to make it spicy.
レシピにはそれを辛くするために2つの乾燥唐辛子が必要です。
C1 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Ceremonial

儀式的
Meaning
relating to or used in ceremonies; formal and ritualistic
Example
The ceremonial dress was worn during the royal wedding.
王室の結婚式で着用される儀式的な衣装でした。
C1 adjective /ˌkaʊntərɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/

counterintuitive

直感に反する
Meaning
contrary to what one would intuitively expect
Example
His approach seems counterintuitive but it actually works.
彼のアプローチは直感に反するように見えますが、実際には効果的です。
C1 adjective /ˈθrɪfti/

thrifty

倹約的
Meaning
using money and resources carefully and not wastefully
Example
She is very thrifty and always saves money for the future.
彼女は非常に倹約的で、いつも将来のためにお金を貯めています。
C1 verb /ɪkˈspaʊnd/

expound

詳しく説明する
Meaning
to present and explain in detail
Example
The professor expounded the theory in simple terms.
教授は簡単な言葉で理論を詳しく説明しました。
C1 adjective /ˈdæʃ.ɪŋ/

Dashing

魅力的; スタイリッシュ; 自信に満ちた;
Meaning
stylish and confident; lively and energetic; attractive and charming
Example
He looked dashing in his new suit.
彼は新しいスーツで魅力的に見えました。
C1 noun /ˈwɪndfɔːl/

windfall

思いがけない利益
Meaning
an unexpected piece of good fortune, typically a large amount of money
Example
The startup received a windfall when a major client paid for a full year in advance.
スタートアップは重要な顧客が1年分前払いした際に思いがけない利益を得ました。
C1 noun /ˈmeɪsən/

mason

石工
Meaning
a person skilled in building with stone, brick, or concrete
Example
The mason carefully laid the bricks for the new house.
石工は新しい家のために慎重にレンガを積みました。
C1 verb /ˈpændər/

pander

おべっかを使う, ごますりする
Meaning
to indulge or exploit the weaknesses, desires, or immoral tendencies of others
Example
The politician was accused of pandering to voters' fears.
その政治家は有権者の恐怖におもねっていると非難された。
C1 noun /ˌhaɪ.roʊˈɡlɪf.ɪks/

hieroglyphics

ヒエログリフ
Meaning
a system of writing using pictures or symbols, used especially by ancient Egyptians
Example
The tomb walls were covered with Egyptian hieroglyphics.
墓の壁にはエジプトのヒエログリフが刻まれていた。
C1 verb, noun /læɡ/

lag

遅れるまたは遅延する
Meaning
To fall behind in movement, progress, or development; a delay or period of falling behind.
Example
The old computer tends to lag when running new software.
古いコンピューターは新しいソフトウェアを実行するときにラグが発生しやすい。
C1 noun /fiːt/

feat

偉業
Meaning
an achievement that requires great courage, skill, or strength
Example
Climbing Mount Everest was a remarkable feat.
エベレスト山の登頂は素晴らしい偉業でした。
C1 noun /pʌnˈdʒɑː.bi/

Punjabi

パンジャビ
Meaning
a traditional long shirt worn in South Asia, typically loose-fitting
Example
He wore a white punjabi for the festival celebration.
彼は祭りのために白いパンジャビを着ていました。
C1 adjective ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪk

intrinsic

内在的, 本質的, 自然な
Meaning
Belonging naturally; essential. Existing as a natural or basic part of something.
Example
Creativity is an intrinsic quality of a great artist.
創造性は偉大なアーティストの内在的な資質です。
C1 noun məˌtɪərɪəˈlɪstɪk ˈlaɪfstaɪl

materialistic lifestyle

物質主義的なライフスタイル
Meaning
A way of living focused on acquiring material possessions and wealth.
Example
A materialistic lifestyle often leads to moral decline.
物質主義的なライフスタイルは、しばしば道徳的な堕落を招く。
C1 adjective /ˌpæn.əˈræm.ɪk/

panoramic

パノラマビュー
Meaning
Giving a wide view of an extensive area in all directions.
Example
The hotel offers panoramic views of the ocean.
ホテルは海のパノラミックビューを提供します。
C1 noun /woʊ/

woe

悲哀
Meaning
great sorrow, distress, or trouble
Example
Her heart was filled with woe after hearing the sad news.
悲しいニュースを聞いて、彼女の心は悲哀でいっぱいでした。
C1 verb /ɪnˈtʃænt/

enchant

Meaning
to delight or charm greatly; to cast a spell over
Example
The storyteller enchanted the children with his tales.
C1 noun /rɑk sɔlt/

Rock Salt

岩塩
Meaning
natural salt crystals formed from evaporated ancient seas; unrefined salt
Example
Rock salt is considered healthier than table salt.
岩塩はテーブルソルトよりも健康的だと考えられています。
C1 noun /ˈmʌf.lər/

Muffler

マフラー
Meaning
a long strip of cloth worn around the neck for warmth
Example
She wrapped a warm muffler around her neck before going outside.
彼女は外に出る前に暖かいマフラーを首に巻いた。
C1 noun /ˈtɜːrbjələns/

turbulence

Meaning
Violent or unsteady movement of air, water, or some other fluid; disorder or conflict.
Example
The plane experienced severe turbulence during the flight.
C1 noun /əˈduː/

ado

騒ぎ / 不必要な活動
Meaning
a fuss or unnecessary activity; trouble or difficulty
Example
Without further ado, let’s begin the ceremony.
これ以上のアドなしで、式を始めましょう。
C1 verb /ɡeɪp/

gape

口を開けて見つめる
Meaning
to stare with mouth wide open; to be wide open
Example
The crowd gaped at the amazing magic trick.
観客は驚くべき魔法のトリックを見て口を開けていました。
C1 verb /ˈʌndərkʌt/

undercut

Meaning
to sell at a lower price than a competitor; to weaken or undermine something
Example
The company tried to undercut its rivals by offering lower prices.
C1 noun ˈhʌz.bən.dri

husbandry

農業と畜産業
Meaning
The care, cultivation, and breeding of crops and animals; farming and agriculture.
Example
Proper husbandry techniques improve livestock health.
適切な農業技術が家畜の健康を向上させます。
C1 noun /ˈmæɡneɪt/

Magnate

大物; ビジネスや産業で裕福で影響力のある人物
Meaning
A wealthy and powerful businessperson or industrialist
Example
The oil magnate owned dozens of refineries across the country.
その石油マグネートは、国内に数十の精製所を所有していました。
C1 verb /dɪˈpriːʃieɪt/

depreciate

価値が下がる
Meaning
to reduce in value over time
Example
Cars tend to depreciate quickly in their first few years.
車は最初の数年間で急速に価値が下がる傾向があります。
C1 noun əˈtrɪʃ.ən

attrition

減耗
Meaning
The process of reducing something's strength or effectiveness through sustained attack or pressure.
Example
The company faced high employee attrition due to job dissatisfaction.
会社は仕事への不満により従業員の高い離職率に直面した。
C1 verb /slaʊtʃ/

slouch

だらしなく座る
Meaning
To stand, sit, or move in a lazy or awkward way.
Example
He slouched in the chair, looking tired.
彼は椅子にだらりと座り、疲れた様子だった。
C1 noun /məˈdɜːrnəti/

modernity

現代性
Meaning
The quality or condition of being modern; up-to-date ideas, practices, or style.
Example
The city’s architecture reflects both tradition and modernity.
その都市の建築は、伝統と現代性の両方を反映しています。
C1 adjective /ˌhaɪ.drəˈpɒn.ɪk/

hydroponic

ハイドロポニック
Meaning
Relating to the process of growing plants in sand, gravel, or liquid, with added nutrients but without soil.
Example
Hydroponic farming allows crops to grow without soil.
水耕栽培は、土なしで作物を育てることを可能にします。
C1 noun /ˌɪn.dɪˈsɪʒ.ən/

Indecision

優柔不断; 決断力の欠如; 迷い
Meaning
the inability to make decisions quickly; uncertainty about what to do
Example
Her indecision about which job offer to accept caused her to miss both opportunities.
どの仕事のオファーを受けるかについての優柔不断さが、両方のチャンスを逃す原因となった。
C1 adjective /ˈvendʒ.fəl/

Vengeful

復讐心の強い
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
彼女は友達に裏切られた後、復讐心を感じた。
C1 noun /ˌklɔːstrəˈfəʊbiə/

claustrophobia

Meaning
an extreme or irrational fear of being in confined spaces
Example
He avoids elevators because of his claustrophobia.
C1 noun /kənˈtʃɛrtoʊ/

concerto

音楽作品
Meaning
a musical composition for one or more solo instruments accompanied by an orchestra
Example
She played a Mozart concerto with the orchestra.
彼女はオーケストラと共にモーツァルトのコンチェルトを演奏しました。
C1 verb /əˈfɪliˌeɪt/

affiliate

提携する
Meaning
to officially attach or connect (a group or organization) to a larger body
Example
The school is affiliated with the local university.
その学校は地元の大学と提携しています。
C1 noun /ˌæntiˈklaɪmæks/

anticlimax

アンチクライマックス
Meaning
A disappointing end after a big build-up of excitement or expectation.
Example
The movie's ending was an anticlimax after such a thrilling story.
映画の終わりは、そんなにエキサイティングなストーリーの後のアンチクライマックスでした。
C1 noun /rɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

Retaliation

報復
Meaning
the action of returning a military attack; counterattack; revenge for an injury or wrong
Example
The country threatened retaliation against any act of aggression.
その国はあらゆる攻撃行為に対して報復を予告しました。
C1 adjective ɪnˈdʒiː.ni.əs

ingenious

独創的
Meaning
Showing inventiveness and skill; clever, original, and inventive.
Example
His ingenious ideas transformed modern physics.
彼の独創的なアイデアは現代物理学を変えました。
C1 noun pɔɪz

poise

自信と冷静
Meaning
Natural confidence and composure maintained under pressure.
Example
A good speaker maintains poise under pressure.
良いスピーカーはプレッシャーの中で冷静さを保ちます。
C1 noun /ˌmɪsˈtrʌst/

Mistrust

不信
Meaning
Lack of trust; suspicion or doubt about someone or something
Example
There was deep mistrust between the two political parties.
二つの政治的政党の間に深い不信があった。
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

損なう
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
喫煙は肺活量を害する可能性があります。
C1 verb /ˈreɪdieɪt/

radiate

放射する
Meaning
to emit energy or light; to spread out from a center
Example
The fireplace radiates warmth throughout the room.
暖炉は部屋全体に暖かさを放射します。
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrpɔːrt/

purport

主張する
Meaning
to claim or profess something, often falsely
Example
The document purports to be an official government report.
その文書は公式な政府報告書であると主張しています。
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈsjuːmɪŋ/

unassuming

控えめな
Meaning
Not pretentious or arrogant; modest.
Example
Despite his success, he remained unassuming and humble.
成功にもかかわらず、彼は控えめで謙虚なままでした。
C1 adjective /ˈspɛktrəl/

spectral

幽霊のような
Meaning
Relating to a ghost or specter; ghostly. Also relating to a spectrum.
Example
The old mansion had a spectral atmosphere at night.
古い館には夜、幽霊のような雰囲気が漂っていた。
C1 noun /faɪˈnælɪti/

finality

決定的な性質
Meaning
the quality of being final or irreversible; a sense of conclusiveness
Example
The judge's decision gave the case a sense of finality.
裁判官の決定はその事件に決定的な感覚を与えた。
C1 noun /ɪnˈsæn.ə.ti/

Insanity

狂気; 精神疾患
Meaning
the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme foolishness or irrationality
Example
The defense lawyer argued that his client was not guilty by reason of insanity.
弁護人は、被告人が狂気によって無罪であると主張した。
C1 noun /ˈʃæsi/

chassis

車両のシャーシ
Meaning
the base frame of a vehicle or other wheeled machine
Example
The mechanic examined the car's chassis for damage.
整備士は車のシャーシに損傷がないか確認しました。
C1 noun /ˌkæm.əˈrɑː.dɚ.i/

camaraderie

仲間意識, 友情, 連帯感
Meaning
Mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together.
Example
The camaraderie among teammates was inspiring.
チームメイト間の仲間意識は感動的でした。
C1 adjective /ˈmɒdʒʊlər/

modular

モジュラー
Meaning
Employing or involving a module or modules as the basis of design or construction.
Example
The modular design allows for easy customization and scalability.
モジュラー設計は簡単なカスタマイズとスケーラビリティを提供します。
C1 noun /ˈpɪɡmənt/

pigment

顔料
Meaning
a natural or artificial substance used to give color to something
Example
The artist mixed different pigments to create the perfect shade of blue.
アーティストは完璧な青色の色合いを作り出すために異なる顔料を混ぜました。
C1 verb /ˈtɑːrnɪʃ/

tarnish

Meaning
To lose luster, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture; to damage reputation.
Example
The silver jewelry tarnished quickly when left in the open air.
C1 noun /ˈɡæloʊz/

gallows

絞首台
Meaning
A structure used for hanging criminals who have been sentenced to death.
Example
The criminal was led to the gallows at dawn.
犯人は夜明けに絞首台に連れて行かれた。
C1 noun /ˈveɪpəraɪzər/

vaporizer

ベイポライザー
Meaning
a device that turns a liquid into vapor, often for inhalation
Example
She used a vaporizer to ease her cough.
彼女は咳を和らげるためにベイポライザーを使いました。
C1 noun /ˈfiːtəs/

fetus

胎児
Meaning
an unborn or unhatched offspring in the womb or egg
Example
The doctor explained the development of the fetus during pregnancy.
医師は妊娠中の胎児の発達について説明しました。
C1 noun /ˈɑːrdər/

ardor

情熱、熱意
Meaning
Great enthusiasm or passion.
Example
She spoke with ardor about her new project.
彼女は新しいプロジェクトについて情熱をもって話していました。
C1 adjective /ʌnˈfɔːltərɪŋ/

unfaltering

不屈不挠
Meaning
Steady and resolute; not weakening or hesitating
Example
She continued with unfaltering determination.
彼女は不屈不挠の決意で続けた。
C1 verb /ˈkwɪkən/

quicken

加速する
Meaning
to make or become faster; to accelerate
Example
His pulse began to quicken as he approached the finish line.
彼の脈拍はゴールラインに近づくにつれて速くなり始めた。
C1 noun /dɪsˈɒn.ər/

Dishonour

不名誉
Meaning
a state of shame or disgrace; lack of honor or integrity; failure to fulfill obligations
Example
Breaking his promise brought dishonour to his name and family legacy.
約束を破ったことが彼の名前と家族の遺産に不名誉をもたらした。
C1 noun ˌnæʃ.ən.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

nationalization

国有化
Meaning
The process of a government taking control of private property or industry.
Example
The nationalization of banks was aimed at stabilizing the economy.
銀行の国有化は経済の安定を目指して行われました。
C1 adjective /ˈpoʊləraɪzd/

polarized

分極された
Meaning
divided into two sharply contrasting groups or opinions
Example
The debate polarized the community on the issue of climate change.
その議論は気候変動問題についてコミュニティを分裂させました。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɛlɪdʒəbəl/

Ineligible

不適格; 無資格; 選ばれない
Meaning
not qualified or entitled to participate or be chosen; unsuitable
Example
Students with poor grades are ineligible for the scholarship program.
成績が悪い学生は奨学金プログラムに応募できません。
C1 adjective /ˈsaɪz.mɪk/

seismic

地震の
Meaning
Relating to earthquakes or vibrations of the earth and its crust.
Example
The region is known for its seismic activity.
その地域は地震活動で知られています。
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrsəm/

foursome

四人組
Meaning
a group of four people or things, especially in games or social activities
Example
The foursome enjoyed a game of golf together.
四人組は一緒にゴルフを楽しみました。
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflæməbəl/

Inflammable

可燃; 発火性
Meaning
easily set on fire; flammable; combustible
Example
The inflammable material caught fire quickly.
その可燃性材料はすぐに火をつけました。
C1 verb /ˈfɜːrmɛnt/

ferment

化学的なプロセスを経て、糖分がアルコールや酸に変換されること; 変化を促進または引き起こすこと
Meaning
to undergo a chemical process where sugars are converted to alcohol or acid; to incite or stir up change
Example
The grapes are left to ferment for several weeks.
ぶどうは数週間発酵させられます。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈvæmp/

revamp

改装
Meaning
To give a new and improved form, structure, or appearance to something.
Example
The company decided to revamp its website for a modern look.
その企業は、モダンな外観のためにウェブサイトをリヴァンプすることを決定しました。
C1 adjective /ˈwaɪ.li/

Wily

ずる賢い; ずるい; 狡猾な
Meaning
clever; cunning; sly
Example
The wily fox escaped from the trap using his cunning intelligence.
ずる賢いキツネはその狡猾な知恵を使って罠から逃げた。
C1 noun /ˈnjuːɑːns/

nuance

ニュアンス
Meaning
A subtle difference in shade of meaning, appearance, or sound.
Example
He noticed the subtle nuance in her expression.
彼は彼女の表情に微妙なニュアンスに気づきました。
C1 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.kə.si/

Delicacy

繊細さ; 高級な料理;
Meaning
fineness of texture or structure; a choice or expensive food; sensitivity in handling
Example
The chef prepared a local delicacy that was famous throughout the region.
シェフは地域全体で有名な地元のデリカシーを準備しました。
C1 verb/noun /ˈrɛlɪʃ/

relish

楽しむ / 調味料
Meaning
to greatly enjoy; also a condiment or sauce
Example
She relished the opportunity to travel abroad.
彼女は海外旅行の機会を大いに楽しんでいました。
C1 adjective /sɪˈmɛtrɪkəl/

symmetrical

対称的
Meaning
having parts on either side that match or are the same in shape, size, or arrangement
Example
The artist designed a symmetrical pattern on the floor.
アーティストは床に対称的なパターンをデザインしました。
C1 noun/verb /freɪ/

fray

争い, すり減る
Meaning
As a noun, a fight or heated dispute; as a verb, to unravel or wear out through friction.
Example
He tried to stay calm, but his nerves began to fray during the argument.
彼は冷静を保とうとしたが、議論の中で彼の神経はすり減り始めた。
C1 adjective /prəˈvɒkətɪv/

provocative

挑発的
Meaning
Intended to make people angry, excited, or interested.
Example
She wore a provocative dress to the party.
彼女はパーティーに挑発的なドレスを着ていた。
C1 adjective /prəˈfjuːs/

profuse

豊富な
Meaning
existing or given in large amounts; abundant
Example
He offered profuse thanks for their timely help.
彼は時間通りに助けてくれたことに豊富な感謝を示しました。
C1 adjective /ˈfɑːð.ər.ləs/

fatherless

父親がいない
Meaning
without a father
Example
The fatherless child relied on the support of his community.
その父親がいない子供は、コミュニティの支援に頼っていました。
C1 verb /ˌaʊtˈduː/

outdo

超える
Meaning
To do better than someone else; to surpass.
Example
She always tries to outdo her classmates in exams.
彼女は試験でクラスメートを常に超えようとします。
C1 verb /ˌriːˈtʌtʃ/

retouch

修正する
Meaning
To improve or repair a picture, photograph, or image by making small changes.
Example
The photographer retouched the image to remove blemishes.
写真家は画像を修正して、シミを取り除きました。
C1 adjective /raɪ/

wry

歪んだ、皮肉な
Meaning
twisted or distorted in expression; showing dry, mocking humor
Example
He gave a wry smile after hearing the sarcastic remark.
彼は皮肉なコメントを聞いた後、歪んだ笑顔を見せた。
C1 noun /rɪˈteɪnər/

retainer

前払金 / リテイナー
Meaning
a fee paid in advance to secure someone's services, or a device that holds something in place
Example
The lawyer asked for a retainer before taking the case.
弁護士は事件を受ける前に前払い金を要求した。
C1 noun /ˌres.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Recitation

朗読
Meaning
the action of reciting or repeating aloud from memory
Example
The poetry recitation contest was held in the auditorium.
詩の朗読大会はホールで行われました。
C1 verb /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/

inhibit

抑制する
Meaning
to prevent or restrain someone or something from acting freely; to hinder
Example
Fear can inhibit personal growth.
恐怖は個人の成長を抑制する可能性があります。
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɜːrnəbl/

discernible

明白な
Meaning
able to be seen, recognized, or understood
Example
There was a discernible change in his behavior.
彼の行動には明らかな変化があった。
C1 noun /ˈælɔɪ/

alloy

合金
Meaning
A mixture of metals or a metal combined with another element.
Example
Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
ブロンズは銅とスズの合金です。
C1 noun /ˈɛkstrəˌvɜːrt/

extrovert

外向的な人
Meaning
a person who is outgoing, sociable, and energized by being around other people
Example
As an extrovert, she enjoys meeting new people at social events.
外向的な人として、彼女は社交的なイベントで新しい人々と出会うのが好きです。
C1 noun/verb /ˈɡlɪmər/

glimmer

かすかな光
Meaning
A faint or wavering light; to shine with a faint light.
Example
A glimmer of hope shone in her eyes.
彼女の目に希望のかすかな光が輝いていた。
C1 adjective ˌæd.vɚˈser.i.əl

adversarial

対立的な
Meaning
Involving or characterized by conflict or opposition.
Example
The two companies have an adversarial relationship in the market.
その二つの会社は市場で対立的な関係を持っている。
C1 noun /əˈsɛnʃən/

ascension

昇進
Meaning
The act of rising or going up, often to an important position or a higher place.
Example
His rapid ascension in the company surprised everyone.
会社での彼の急速な昇進は、皆を驚かせた。
C1 noun ˌmɛməraɪˈzeɪʃən

memorization

暗記
Meaning
The process of learning or committing something to memory
Example
Memorization of important information is crucial for exams.
重要な情報の暗記は試験において重要です。
C1 adjective /ˈspɑːrtn/

spartan

スパルタン
Meaning
showing simplicity and lack of luxury; austere
Example
He lived in a spartan room with just a bed and a chair.
彼はスパルタンな部屋に住んでいて、ベッドと椅子だけがありました。
C1 verb /dɪsˈkʌlər/

discolor

色あせる
Meaning
to change color, especially in a way that spoils the original appearance
Example
The fabric began to discolor after being left in the sun.
生地は太陽の下に置かれてから色が変わり始めました。
C1 noun /ˈmænɪkɪn/

mannequin

マネキン
Meaning
a life-sized model of a human figure used by shops to display clothes
Example
The mannequin in the shop window was dressed in a red gown.
ショップのウィンドウのマネキンは赤いドレスを着ていた。
C1 adjective /bɪˈrɛft/

bereft

失われた
Meaning
Deprived of or lacking something, especially a nonmaterial asset.
Example
After the betrayal, he felt bereft of hope and trust.
裏切りの後、彼は希望と信頼を失ったと感じた。
C1 noun /ˌpiːdiˈætrɪks/

pediatrics

小児科
Meaning
the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of children
Example
She decided to specialize in pediatrics after medical school.
彼女は医科大学を卒業後、小児科を専門にすることに決めました。
C1 noun /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

agility

敏捷性
Meaning
Ability to work quickly and easily, both physically and mentally.
Example
Mental agility is essential for problem-solving.
問題解決には精神的な敏捷性が必要です。
C1 noun /trænsˈfjuːʒən/

transfusion

輸血
Meaning
the process of transferring blood or another fluid into a person's vein
Example
The patient received a blood transfusion after the accident.
事故後、患者は輸血を受けました。
C1 adjective /ˌtræn.senˈdɛn.təl/

transcendental

超越的
Meaning
relating to the spiritual or non-physical realm; surpassing ordinary experience
Example
Meditation can lead to transcendental experiences.
瞑想はトランセンデンタルな経験に導くことがあります。
C1 adjective /priˈɛmptɪv/

preemptive

予防的
Meaning
Serving or intended to prevent something by taking action first.
Example
The government took preemptive measures to control inflation.
政府はインフレを抑制するために予防的措置を講じました。
C1 noun /ˈdʒɑːr.ɡən/

jargon

専門用語
Meaning
Specialized or technical language used by a particular group or profession.
Example
The lawyer’s explanation was full of legal jargon.
弁護士の説明は法律専門用語でいっぱいでした。
C1 noun /rʌk/

Ruck

押し合い; 混雑した人々
Meaning
a situation where a crowd of people are pushing against each other; a disorderly crowd
Example
There was a ruck at the football match.
サッカーの試合で押し合いがありました。
C1 noun dʒəˈnɛt.ɪk ˌmɒd.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

genetic modification

遺伝子改変
Meaning
The process of altering the genetic code of plants or animals.
Example
Genetic modification enhances crop resistance to pests and diseases.
遺伝子改変は作物の害虫や病気に対する耐性を高めます。
C1 noun /pəˈrɪm.ɪ.tər/

perimeter

周囲
Meaning
the continuous line forming the boundary of a closed geometric figure or area
Example
The soldiers guarded the perimeter of the camp.
兵士たちはキャンプの周囲を守った。
C1 noun /krʌks/

crux

核心
Meaning
the most important or decisive point of an issue
Example
The crux of the problem lies in poor communication.
問題の核心はコミュニケーション不足にあります。
C1 noun /wɪk/

Wick

キャンドルの芯
Meaning
a cord or strand of cotton that burns to provide light in a candle or lamp
Example
The candle wick needs to be trimmed for better burning.
キャンドルの芯は、より良く燃えるために切る必要があります。
C1 adjective /ˌfɑːrˈfɛtʃt/

far-fetched

信じがたい
Meaning
unlikely to happen or be true; improbable
Example
His explanation for being late was a bit far-fetched.
彼の遅刻の理由は少し信じがたいものでした。
C1 noun kənˌsɒl.ɪˈdeɪ.ʃən

Consolidation

記憶の定着
Meaning
The process of converting newly learned information into long-term memory
Example
Sleep plays a key role in memory consolidation.
睡眠は記憶の定着において重要な役割を果たします。
C1 noun /ˈherən/

Heron

サギ
Meaning
large wading bird with long legs and neck that feeds on fish
Example
The heron stood motionless by the water's edge, waiting for fish.
サギは水辺でじっとして、魚を待っていました。
C1 noun /kənˈfaɪnmənt/

confinement

監禁
Meaning
the state of being confined or restricted
Example
The prisoner endured years of confinement.
囚人は何年もの間監禁されていた。
C1 noun /daɪˈvɜː.dʒəns/

divergence

分岐
Meaning
The process or state of diverging; a difference or deviation between two or more things.
Example
The divergence in their opinions led to a heated debate.
彼らの意見の相違は激しい議論を引き起こしました。
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpoʊzɪŋ/

imposing

威圧的な
Meaning
having an appearance that is grand, impressive, or commanding
Example
The castle is an imposing structure overlooking the valley.
その城は谷を見下ろす威圧的な構造です。