B2 noun /əˈdɪkʃən/

addiction

依存

Meaning

A strong and harmful need to regularly have or do something, such as drugs, alcohol, or habits.

Example

His addiction to video games affected his studies.

彼のビデオゲームへの依存は彼の学業に影響を与えました。

A1 adjective /lɑːrdʒ/

Large

大きい; 巨大な; 広大な

Meaning

of considerable size, extent, or intensity; big

Example

The large building dominated the city skyline.

その大きなビルは街のスカイラインを支配していた。

C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkeɪtɪv/

vindicative

弁護的

Meaning

showing a tendency to vindicate or justify; inclined to defend

Example

Her vindicative tone showed that she strongly believed in her innocence.

彼女の弁護的な口調は、彼女が無罪であると強く信じていることを示していた。

B2 adjective /ˌʌndɪˈzaɪərəbl/

Undesirable

望ましくない; 有害な; 不快な

Meaning

not wanted or wished for; harmful or unpleasant

Example

The new policy had several undesirable consequences.

新しい政策は幾つか望ましくない結果を招いた。

B2 verb /ɪnˈhæns/

enhance

向上させる

Meaning

to improve the quality, value, or extent of something

Example

The new features will enhance the user experience.

新しい機能はユーザー体験を向上させます。

C2 adjective /ˈsʌmp.tʃuˌɛr.i/

sumptuary

贅沢品の個人的な支出を制限する法律または規制に関連する

Meaning

Relating to laws or regulations intended to limit personal spending on luxury goods.

Example

In medieval Europe, sumptuary laws restricted the wearing of expensive fabrics to the nobility.

中世ヨーロッパでは、贅沢品法が高価な布地の着用を貴族に限定していました。

A2 verb /weɪst/

waste

無駄にする

Meaning

To use or spend carelessly, extravagantly, or to no purpose.

Example

Social media often leads to wasting valuable time.

ソーシャルメディアはしばしば貴重な時間を無駄にする原因となります。

B1 noun /pɑrˈtɪs.ə.pənt/

Participant

参加者

Meaning

a person who takes part in something; someone who participates in an activity or event

Example

Every participant in the marathon received a medal.

マラソンの参加者は皆、メダルを受け取りました。

B2 adjective /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒd/

disadvantaged

恵まれない

Meaning

Lacking the basic resources or conditions needed for a good standard of living or equal opportunities.

Example

The program provides support to disadvantaged children.

そのプログラムは恵まれない子供たちに支援を提供しています。

B1 noun kəˈpæs.ə.ti

capacity

容量

Meaning

The maximum amount that something can contain or produce; the ability or power to do or understand something.

Example

The cable has the capacity to handle vast data traffic.

ケーブルは大量のデータトラフィックを処理する能力を持っています。

B2 noun; verb /breɪs/

brace

装具；備える

Meaning

a device that supports or strengthens something; to prepare mentally or physically for something difficult

Example

She braced herself for the strong wind.

彼女は強い風に備えた。

B2 verb /pliːd/

plead

嘆願する

Meaning

to make an emotional appeal; to present a case in court

Example

She pleaded for mercy.

彼女は慈悲を乞いました。

C2 adjective /ˈbʌlbəs/

bulbous

膨らんだ / 丸い

Meaning

Bulging, round, or swollen in shape; resembling a bulb.

Example

The frog had a bulbous nose and big eyes.

カエルは膨らんだ鼻と大きな目をしていました。

C1 adjective /ˈrʌs.tɪk/

Rustic

シンプルで洗練されていない; 農村地域に関連

Meaning

simple and unsophisticated; relating to rural areas

Example

The rustic cottage had wooden beams and a thatched roof.

そのラスティックな小屋は木製の梁と藁葺きの屋根を持っていた。

C1 verb /prəˈkræs.tɪ.neɪt/

procrastinate

先延ばしする, 延期する

Meaning

To delay or postpone action; to put off doing something, especially out of habitual carelessness or laziness.

Example

He tends to procrastinate when facing difficult tasks.

彼は困難な仕事に直面したとき、先延ばしにしがちです。

C1 noun /ɒnˈsɒmbəl/

ensemble

アンサンブル, グループ

Meaning

a group of things or people viewed as a whole, especially performers in music or theater

Example

The theater ensemble gave a spectacular performance.

劇場のアンサンブルは素晴らしいパフォーマンスをしました。

B1 adjective /ʌnˈklɪər/

unclear

不明確

Meaning

not easy to understand; vague or ambiguous

Example

The instructions were unclear, so I asked for clarification.

指示が不明確だったので、私は説明を求めました。

C2 adjective /daɪˈdæktɪk/

didactic

教育的な

Meaning

Intended to teach, often with a moral lesson.

Example

The novel is not just entertaining but also didactic in nature.

その小説はただの娯楽ではなく、教育的な性質も持っている。

B2 adjective /pəˈsɪs.tənt/

persistent

持続的

Meaning

continuing to exist or endure over a prolonged period

Example

Despite many setbacks, her persistent efforts led to success.

多くの障害にもかかわらず、彼女の持続的な努力は成功をもたらした。

B1 verb/noun /ˈdiːkriːs/ (noun), /dɪˈkriːs/ (verb)

decrease

Meaning

To become or make something smaller or fewer in number, amount, or degree.

Example

The population of the town has decreased over the years.

C2 noun /lɪˈbrɛtoʊ/

libretto

オペラの台本

Meaning

The text of an opera or other long vocal work.

Example

She studied the libretto before attending the opera performance.

彼女はオペラの公演に行く前にリブレットを勉強しました。

C2 adjective /ˈlʌstrəs/

lustrous

光沢のある

Meaning

having a gentle sheen or soft glow

Example

Her hair looked smooth and lustrous.

彼女の髪は滑らかで光沢のあるように見えた。

C1 adjective /ˌaɪdiəˈlɪstɪk/

Idealistic

理想主義的

Meaning

pursuing high principles or ideals; unrealistically optimistic

Example

She has an idealistic view of changing the world.

彼女は世界を変えるという理想主義的な見方を持っています。

C1 noun /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən/

conflagration

大規模な破壊的な火災

Meaning

A large, destructive fire that destroys a great deal of land or property.

Example

The forest was devastated by a massive conflagration that lasted for days.

その森は数日間続いた巨大な火災によって壊されました。

C1 noun /ˌdaɪəˈrɑːmə/

diorama

ジオラマ

Meaning

a three-dimensional model representing a scene, often with miniature figures

Example

The museum displayed a diorama of an ancient village.

博物館に古代の村のジオラマが展示されていました。

C2 verb /ruː/

rue

後悔する

Meaning

To feel regret or sorrow about something.

Example

She will rue the day she trusted him.

彼女は彼を信じたその日を後悔するだろう。

A1 adjective /kloʊzd/

closed

閉じた

Meaning

not open; shut

Example

The store is closed on Fridays.

その店は金曜日に閉まっています。

C1 adjective /ˈhær.oʊ.ɪŋ/

harrowing

恐ろしいと苦しみを伴う

Meaning

extremely distressing or upsetting

Example

It was a harrowing experience to witness the accident.

事故を目撃することは恐ろしい経験だった。

B2 noun/adjective /ˈkæpɪtəlɪst/

capitalist

Meaning

a person who supports or believes in capitalism; a wealthy business owner

Example

The capitalist believes in the freedom of the market.

C1 noun, adjective /ˈrɛvərənd/

reverend

牧師, 尊敬される

Meaning

A title of respect used for members of the clergy; deserving deep respect.

Example

The Reverend gave an inspiring sermon at the church.

レヴァレンドは教会で感動的な説教をしました。

B2 adverb /ʌnˈkaɪndli/

unkindly

意地悪に

Meaning

in a cruel, harsh, or unsympathetic manner

Example

She spoke unkindly about her colleague during the meeting.

彼女は会議中に同僚のことを意地悪に話した。

B2 adverb /əˈten.tɪv.li/

Attentively

注意深く

Meaning

with careful attention; in a focused manner

Example

She listened attentively to her teacher's instructions.

彼女は先生の指示を注意深く聞いた。

B1 noun /ˈwɪtnəs/

Witness

証人

Meaning

a person who sees an event, typically a crime or accident; someone who gives evidence in a court of law

Example

The witness testified in court yesterday.

証人は昨日法廷で証言しました。

B1 adjective /eɪdʒd/

aged

年老いた

Meaning

having lived for a specified number of years; old

Example

The aged man sat in the park, watching the children play.

年老いた男は公園に座り、子供たちが遊ぶのを見ていた。

C2 verb /ˈprɑː.məl.ɡeɪt/

promulgate

公布する

Meaning

To announce or make a law, decree, or idea officially known.

Example

The government promulgated new regulations on data privacy.

政府はデータプライバシーに関する新しい規則を公布しました。

C2 verb /ɪmˈpjuːn/

impugn

Meaning

to dispute the truth, validity, or honesty of a statement or motive

Example

The lawyer tried to impugn the credibility of the witness.

C2 noun /aɪˈkɒnəklæst/

iconoclast

偶像破壊者

Meaning

A person who attacks or criticizes cherished beliefs, traditions, or institutions.

Example

He was known as an iconoclast who challenged old traditions.

彼は古い伝統に挑戦した偶像破壊者として知られていました。

B1 noun /ˈbraɪd.ɡrʊm/

Bridegroom

新郎

Meaning

a man on his wedding day or just before and after the event

Example

The nervous bridegroom waited at the altar for his bride to arrive.

緊張した新郎は祭壇で花嫁の到着を待っていた。

A2 verb /ˈloʊər/

lower

下げる

Meaning

to move something to a lower position or to reduce

Example

The company decided to lower the prices.

会社は価格を引き下げることを決定しました。

C2 adjective /əˈθɜːrst/

athirst

渇望している, 熱望している

Meaning

Very eager or desirous for something.

Example

The explorer was athirst for adventure.

探検家は冒険に渇望していた。

B1 adjective /ˈkriːmi/

creamy

クリームのような滑らかでリッチな質感

Meaning

having a smooth, rich texture like cream

Example

She poured a creamy sauce over the pasta.

彼女はパスタにクリーミーなソースをかけた。

C2 noun /ˈmaɪ.nə/

Mynah

マイナ

Meaning

a tropical bird with dark feathers that can mimic human speech

Example

The mynah bird repeated every word I said.

マイナの鳥は私が言ったすべての言葉を繰り返しました。

B2 noun /læp/

Lap

ひざの上

Meaning

the flat area between the waist and knees of a seated person; one circuit of a track or course

Example

The cat curled up comfortably in her lap while she read her book.

猫は本を読みながら快適に彼女のひざの上で丸くなっていた。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt/

inconsistent

一貫性がない

Meaning

Not staying the same throughout; lacking harmony or regularity.

Example

His answers were inconsistent and confusing.

彼の答えは一貫性がなく、混乱を招いた。

C1 adjective /ˈkæl.əs/

Callous

無情な; 冷酷な; 非情な

Meaning

showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others; emotionally hardened

Example

He showed a callous disregard for others' feelings.

彼は他人の感情を無視して冷酷に振る舞った。

C1 verb /θræʃ/

thrash

殴る

Meaning

to beat someone or something violently; to move wildly or violently

Example

The angry man threatened to thrash his opponent.

怒った男は対戦相手を殴ると脅した。

C2 noun /ˈkʌstərd ˈæpəl/

Custard Apple

クリームアップル

Meaning

a tropical fruit with sweet creamy white flesh and black seeds

Example

The custard apple has a sweet and creamy texture.

クリームアップルは甘くてクリーミーな食感です。

C1 noun /mælˈpræktɪs/

Malpractice

職業上の不正行為

Meaning

Improper, illegal, or negligent professional behavior

Example

The surgeon was sued for malpractice after the failed operation.

外科医は手術に失敗した後、マルプラクティスで訴えられました。

B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

複雑

Meaning

consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand

Example

The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.

機械の指示は従うにはあまりにも複雑です。

B2 adjective /pəˈθet.ɪk/

Pathetic

哀れな; 惨めな

Meaning

arousing pity; extremely poor or inadequate

Example

His pathetic attempt to apologize made things worse.

彼の悲惨な謝罪の試みは事態をさらに悪化させた。

C1 adjective pərˈnɪʃəs

pernicious

有害な, 致命的な

Meaning

Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.

Example

The pernicious effects of smoking are well-documented.

喫煙の有害な影響は十分に記録されています。

C2 adjective /fluːˈɛnʃəl/

fluential

影響力のある

Meaning

Having the power to influence or flowing freely (rare/archaic usage).

Example

The fluential speaker captivated the entire audience.

影響力のある話者は、観客全体を魅了しました。

C1 noun /ˈoʊvərˌtʊr/

overture

序曲 / 提案

Meaning

An introduction to something more substantial; a proposal or preliminary action.

Example

The peace overture was welcomed by both nations.

平和提案は両国によって歓迎されました。

C2 verb /ˌnɒnˈplʌst/

nonplused

困惑した

Meaning

Past tense of nonplus; surprised and confused.

Example

She was completely nonplused by his sudden decision.

彼女は彼の突然の決断に完全に困惑していました。

A1 noun /biːtʃ/

beach

ビーチ

Meaning

An area of sand or small stones beside the sea or a lake.

Example

They spent the day relaxing on the beach.

彼らはビーチでリラックスして一日を過ごしました。

C1 verb /ˈmɜːrmər/

murmur

つぶやく

Meaning

To say something in a low, soft, or indistinct voice.

Example

She murmured a prayer before going to sleep.

彼女は寝る前に祈りをささやきました。

C2 noun /ˈbrɪmˌstoʊn/

brimstone

Meaning

Sulfur, especially when considered as fiery and associated with hell or divine punishment.

Example

The preacher spoke of fire and brimstone to warn the congregation.

B1 preposition /ˈvɜːsəs/

versus

対

Meaning

against (in a competition or conflict)

Example

The team is playing versus their biggest rivals.

チームは最大のライバルと対戦しています。

B2 adjective /ˌkɑː.di.əʊˈvæs.kjʊ.lər/

cardiovascular

心臓と血管に関連する

Meaning

Relating to the heart and blood vessels.

Example

Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health.

定期的な運動は心血管の健康を改善します。

C2 noun /ˌmɛtəfɪˈzɪʃən/

metaphysician

形而上学者

Meaning

A person who studies or is an expert in metaphysics.

Example

The metaphysician debated the essence of reality with his peers.

形而上学者は現実の本質について仲間たちと議論した。

C1 noun /trɔːf/

trough

飼い葉桶、低点

Meaning

A long, narrow container from which animals eat or drink; also, a low point between waves or in business cycles.

Example

The cows drank water from the wooden trough.

牛は木製の飼い葉桶から水を飲みました。

B2 adverb /ˈsiː.mɪŋ.li/

seemingly

一見, 見た目では静か

Meaning

appearing to be true, but not necessarily so

Example

He was seemingly calm despite the chaos around him.

周りの混乱にもかかわらず、彼は一見静かだった。

A2 noun /ˈdrɔːər/

drawer

引き出し

Meaning

a box-shaped storage compartment that slides in and out of furniture

Example

She kept her jewelry in the top drawer of the dresser.

彼女はジュエリーをドレッサーの上の引き出しに入れた。

C1 noun /rɛnˈdɪʃən/

rendition

演奏

Meaning

a performance or interpretation of a piece of art, music, or text

Example

The singer gave a moving rendition of the classic song.

歌手はクラシックな歌の感動的な演奏を行いました。

B1 noun /ˈwɜːrkpleɪs/

workplace

職場

Meaning

a place where people work, such as an office, factory, or shop

Example

Maintaining good communication is vital in the workplace.

職場で良好なコミュニケーションを保つことは非常に重要です。

C1 verb /ˈmæd.ən/

madden

怒らせる

Meaning

To make someone very angry or extremely annoyed.

Example

The constant noise maddened him.

絶え間ない音が彼を怒らせた。

B1 verb /wɔːrn/

warn

警告する

Meaning

to alert about danger; to give notice of risk

Example

The weather service warns of heavy rain tonight.

気象サービスは今夜の大雨を警告しています。

C1 verb /ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/

victimize

被害者にする

Meaning

To make someone a victim, often by treating them unfairly or cruelly.

Example

The corrupt officials victimized the poor villagers.

腐敗した役人たちは貧しい村人を犠牲にした。

B2 noun /ˈfriː.kwən.si/

Frequency

頻度

Meaning

the rate at which something occurs or is repeated over a particular period of time

Example

The frequency of earthquakes in this region has increased dramatically over the past decade.

この地域の地震の頻度は過去10年間で劇的に増加しました。

B1 verb /ˈdɪfər/

differ

異なる

Meaning

to be unlike or distinct from something else

Example

Opinions differ on this issue.

この問題について意見が異なります。

C2 noun /ˈflɪpənsi/

flippancy

軽薄

Meaning

lack of seriousness; showing a disrespectful or trivial attitude

Example

His flippancy during the meeting offended his colleagues.

会議中の彼の軽薄さは、同僚を不快にさせた。

C1 verb /ˈstaɪfəld/

stifled

抑える

Meaning

to suppress, hold back, or prevent something from happening

Example

He stifled a laugh during the serious meeting.

彼は真面目な会議中に笑いを抑えた。

A2 adverb /ˈpɒs.ə.bli/

Possibly

おそらく; もしかしたら;

Meaning

perhaps; maybe; it may be the case that

Example

It will possibly rain tomorrow.

明日おそらく雨が降るかもしれません。

C2 verb /ɪnˈtræp/

entrap

Meaning

To catch or trick someone into a difficult situation.

Example

The police tried to entrap the criminal with false evidence.

C1 adjective /ˈstɒdʒi/

stodgy

退屈な、時代遅れな

Meaning

Dull, uninspired, or old-fashioned; also heavy and hard to digest when referring to food.

Example

The lecture was so stodgy that many students struggled to stay awake.

その講義はあまりにも退屈で、多くの学生が目を覚ますのに苦労しました。

B2 verb /ɪnˈvɪʒən/

envision

想像する

Meaning

to imagine or picture something in the future; to visualize a possibility or goal

Example

She envisions a world where everyone has equal access to education.

彼女はすべての人が平等に教育を受けられる世界を想像しています。

A2 noun ˈsaɪəns

science

科学

Meaning

The intellectual and practical activity encompassing the systematic study of the structure and behaviour of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment.

Example

Science continues to explore the unknown.

サイエンスは未知の世界を探求し続けています。

C1 verb /ˈhaɪdʒæk/

hijack

ハイジャック

Meaning

to take control of a vehicle or situation illegally or by force

Example

The criminals attempted to hijack the airplane.

犯罪者たちは飛行機をハイジャックしようとした。

B2 adjective /rɪˈflektɪv/

Reflective

反射的; 思慮深い; 光や画像を反射できる

Meaning

thoughtful; contemplative; able to reflect light or images

Example

After the meeting, he was in a reflective mood.

会議の後、彼は反射的な気分だった。

C2 noun /ˌɡrɛnəˈdɪə/

grenadier

グレネディア

Meaning

A soldier who specialized in throwing grenades; later used to describe an elite infantryman.

Example

The grenadier stood proudly at the front of the regiment.

そのグレネディアは部隊の前で誇らしげに立っていた。

C2 adjective /ˌpjuːsɪˈlænɪməs/

pusillanimous

臆病な

Meaning

showing a lack of courage or determination; timid

Example

The pusillanimous leader avoided making tough decisions.

臆病なリーダーは難しい決断を避けていた。

C1 noun /ˈmɒnəˌlɒɡ/

monologue

モノローグ

Meaning

A long speech by one person, often in a play or performance.

Example

The actor delivered a powerful monologue on stage.

俳優はステージで力強いモノローグを披露しました。

A2 noun /ɪˈlek.trɪk fæn/

Electric fan

電気ファン

Meaning

a device with rotating blades that creates airflow to cool or ventilate a room

Example

The electric fan keeps the room cool during hot summer days.

電気ファンは、暑い夏の日に部屋を涼しく保ちます。

C1 noun /krəˈnɒlədʒi/

chronology

Meaning

The arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence.

Example

The chronology of the dynasty was carefully studied by historians.

C2 noun /ˈpætrɪˌmoʊni/

patrimony

遺産

Meaning

Property or inheritance passed down from one's father or ancestors.

Example

The castle was part of his patrimony from his noble ancestors.

その城は彼の貴族の先祖から受け継いだ遺産の一部でした。

B1 noun /ˈboʊ.nəs/

Bonus

ボーナス

Meaning

an amount of money added to wages on a seasonal basis, especially as a reward for good performance

Example

She received a year-end bonus for her excellent work performance.

彼女は優れた仕事のパフォーマンスに対する年末ボーナスを受け取った。

B2 noun /ˈsleɪvəri/

slavery

Meaning

the system or state of being owned and forced to work for someone else

Example

Slavery was abolished in most countries in the 19th century.

C2 adjective /ˌsuːpərˈnuːmərɛri/

supernumerary

余分な

Meaning

Exceeding the usual number; extra or unnecessary.

Example

The play included several supernumerary actors to fill the background scenes.

その劇は背景のシーンを埋めるためにいくつかの余分な俳優を含んでいました。

C1 noun /luː/

lieu

代わりに

Meaning

Instead of; in place of.

Example

He gave money in lieu of flowers.

彼は花の代わりにお金を渡した。

C1 noun ˈsæŋktɪti

sanctity

神聖さ

Meaning

The state or quality of being holy, sacred, or saintly; ultimate importance.

Example

The sanctity of life should never be compromised.

命の神聖さは決して妥協されるべきではない。

C2 noun /ɪkˌsprəʊ.priˈeɪ.ʃən/

expropriation

収用

Meaning

The act of government taking private property, also known as confiscation, nationalization, or seizure.

Example

The land expropriation led to disputes among landowners.

土地の収用は土地所有者間で争いを引き起こしました。

C2 adjective /ˈɛstɪməbl/

estimable

尊敬すべき

Meaning

Worthy of great respect.

Example

Her estimable achievements inspired the whole community.

彼女の尊敬に値する業績はコミュニティ全体にインスピレーションを与えました。

A2 adverb /ˈiːzɪli/

Easily

簡単に; 労力をかけずに

Meaning

without difficulty; in a simple or effortless manner

Example

She easily solved the math problem in minutes.

彼女は数分で数学の問題を簡単に解決しました。

C2 adjective /ˈlæŋɡwɪd/

Languid

無気力な; 怠け者の; 弱い

Meaning

lacking energy or vitality; slow and relaxed; weak or faint

Example

After the long journey, she felt languid and needed to rest.

長い旅の後、彼女は無気力に感じ、休む必要があった。

C1 noun /njʊəˈrəʊ.sɪs/

neurosis

神経症

Meaning

A relatively mild mental illness that is not caused by organic disease, involving symptoms of stress.

Example

His neurosis made social interactions difficult.

彼の神経症は社会的な相互作用を困難にした。

B2 adjective /ˈtɔː.kə.tɪv/

Talkative

おしゃべり

Meaning

fond of talking; speaking freely and at length

Example

My talkative neighbor loves to chat about everything.

私のおしゃべりな隣人は、何でも話すのが大好きです。

B1 verb /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/

examine

幸福

Meaning

to look at something carefully in order to understand it

Example

The doctor will examine the patient tomorrow.

彼女は賞を受け取ったとき、幸せを隠せませんでした。

C2 noun /kroʊn/

crone

老婆

Meaning

An old woman, often one who is thin and ugly, sometimes associated with witch-like qualities.

Example

The children were scared by the story of the wicked crone in the forest.

子供たちは森の中の邪悪な老婆の話に怖がっていました。

C1 verb /kəˈleɪt/

collate

整理する

Meaning

to collect, arrange, and combine in order

Example

The secretary collated the reports before the meeting.

秘書は会議前に報告書を整理した。

A2 adjective /ɪˈlɛktrɪk/

electric

電気的

Meaning

Relating to or operated by electricity.

Example

The room was lit by an electric lamp.

部屋は電気ランプで照らされていました。

C1 adjective /ˌʌndərˈsteɪtɪd/

understated

控えめな

Meaning

Presented in a subtle and restrained way.

Example

She wore an elegant but understated dress.

彼女はエレガントで控えめなドレスを着ていた。

B2 verb /ˈbraɪtən/

brighten

明るくする

Meaning

to make something lighter or more colorful; to improve mood or make happier

Example

A few kind words can brighten someone's day.

優しい言葉は誰かの一日を明るくすることができる。

A2 noun /lɪst/

List

リスト

Meaning

a number of connected items or names written or printed consecutively, typically one below the other

Example

Make a list of things you need to buy.

買うべきもののリストを作成してください。

B2 adjective /ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃənl/

institutional

制度的

Meaning

Relating to an organization or established practice.

Example

The government made several institutional reforms in education.

政府は教育においていくつかの制度的改革を実施しました。

C2 verb /ˌpriːɪɡˈzɪst/

preexist

前もって存在する

Meaning

to exist beforehand or before something else

Example

These customs preexist the arrival of modern technology.

これらの習慣は、現代技術の到来前に存在していました。

B2 noun /ˈbælət/

ballot

投票用紙

Meaning

a process of voting, usually in secret; the paper used to record a vote

Example

Voters cast their ballot in the election.

有権者は選挙で投票用紙を投じました。

C1 adjective /ˌʌnprɪˈtɛnʃəs/

unpretentious

控えめな

Meaning

modest; not attempting to impress others with appearance or importance

Example

She lives in an unpretentious home but is very happy.

彼女は控えめな家に住んでいますが、とても幸せです。

B1 noun /vəˈraɪəti/

Variety

多様性; 種類

Meaning

the quality of being different or diverse; a number of things of the same general class that are distinct in character or quality

Example

The restaurant offers a wide variety of international dishes.

レストランは多彩な国際料理を提供しています。

C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrtɪnənt/

impertinent

無礼な

Meaning

rude and showing a lack of respect

Example

It was impertinent of him to question the manager's decision.

マネージャーの決定に疑問を呈するのは無礼でした。

B1 adjective /ˈrel.ə.vənt/

Relevant

seditious

扇動的

Meaning

Encouraging rebellion against authority.

Example

The activist spread seditious pamphlets among the crowd.

活動家は群衆の中で扇動的なパンフレットを配布しました。

A2 adverb /ˈiːkwəli/

equally

平等に

Meaning

in an equal or fair way; to the same degree

Example

The prize money was equally divided among the winners.

賞金は受賞者の間で平等に分けられました。

B2 adjective /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/

conservative

保守的な

Meaning

Favoring traditional views and values; resistant to change.

Example

He has conservative views on family and society.

彼は家族と社会について保守的な見解を持っている。

C1 noun, verb /əˈsɛnt/

assent

同意

Meaning

To agree to something, especially after careful consideration; an expression of approval.

Example

She nodded her head in silent assent.

彼女は静かにうなずいた。

B2 verb /wɪðˈdrɔː/

withdraw

引き出す

Meaning

to take money out of an account; to remove or pull back

Example

She needs to withdraw money from the bank.

彼女は銀行からお金を引き出さなければならない。

B1 verb /ˈbɑrɡɪn/

bargain

交渉する

Meaning

to negotiate terms; to discuss prices; to make a deal

Example

She likes to bargain at the local market.

彼女は地元の市場で交渉するのが好きです。

C1 noun /ˈbaɪ.lɔː/

by-law

地方条例

Meaning

A rule made by a company, organization, or local authority to control the actions of its members.

Example

The city council passed a new by-law regulating street vendors.

市議会は、街頭の販売業者を規制する新しい条例を可決しました。

B2 noun /ˈvel.vɪt/

Velvet

ベルベット

Meaning

a soft, luxurious fabric with a thick, short pile on one side

Example

The royal curtains were made of rich red velvet.

ロイヤルカーテンは豊かな赤いベルベットで作られていました。

B1 adjective /ˈæbsənt/

absent

欠席

Meaning

not present at a place or event

Example

She was absent from the meeting yesterday.

彼女は昨日会議を欠席していた。

C1 noun /nɒb/

Knob

ドアや引き出しの丸い取っ手; 機械の小さな丸いスイッチ

Meaning

a rounded handle on a door or drawer; a small rounded switch on a machine

Example

He turned the brass knob to open the old wooden door.

彼は古い木の扉を開けるために真鍮のノブを回した。

C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪltrɪ/

deviltry

悪魔的な行為

Meaning

Cruel or malicious behavior; mischief with an evil aspect.

Example

The villain’s deviltry terrified the townsfolk.

悪党の悪魔的な行為は町の人々を恐れさせました。