Volcano
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B1 noun /vɒlˈkeɪ.noʊ/

Volcano

bonheur
Meaning
a mountain with an opening through which lava, gas, and ash can escape
Example
The volcano erupted after being dormant for decades.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 noun /ˈvɛstmənt/

vestment

vêtement religieux
Meaning
a garment, especially a ceremonial or official robe worn during religious services
Example
The priest wore a golden vestment during the ceremony.
Le prêtre portait un vêtement doré lors de la cérémonie.
B2 adjective /ˈvaɪtl/

vital

vital
Meaning
essential or necessary for life or success
Example
It's vital to stay hydrated during the summer.
Il est vital de rester hydraté pendant l'été.
C2 verb /ˈvɪʃieɪt/

vitiate

vicié
Meaning
to spoil, weaken, or make something less effective
Example
One careless remark can vitiate the entire argument.
Une remarque imprudente peut vicié tout l'argument.
B2 adjective /ˈvɒl.ən.tər.i/

Voluntary

volontaire
Meaning
done willingly without being forced; given or done freely
Example
She made a voluntary donation to the charity.
Elle a fait un don volontaire à la charité.
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

voyage; traversée en mer
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
Le voyage du navire à travers l'Atlantique a duré deux semaines.
B1 noun /ˈvɪərər/

viewer

spectateur
Meaning
a person who watches something, especially television or video content
Example
The viewer is able to switch channels with the remote control.
Le spectateur peut changer de chaîne avec la télécommande.
A2 noun /vɔɪs/

voice

voix
Meaning
the sound produced by the vocal cords; the ability to speak or express oneself
Example
She has a beautiful voice that captivates the audience.
Elle a une belle voix qui captive le public.
C2 noun /ˈvɛrɪti/

verity

vérité
Meaning
a true principle or belief; the state of being true
Example
The verity of his statement was confirmed by evidence.
La véracité de sa déclaration a été confirmée par des preuves.
A2 noun /ˈvæk.juːm ˈkliː.nər/

Vaccum cleaner

aspirateur
Meaning
an electrical appliance that uses suction to remove dirt and dust from carpets and floors
Example
She used the vacuum cleaner to clean the living room carpet.
Elle a utilisé l'aspirateur pour nettoyer le tapis du salon.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛndɪbəl/

vendible

vendable
Meaning
Capable of being sold; marketable.
Example
Only vendible products were displayed at the trade fair.
Seuls les produits vendables ont été exposés à la foire commerciale.
C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrnəl/

vernal

printanier
Meaning
related to spring; fresh, youthful
Example
The garden was filled with vernal beauty after the long winter.
Le jardin était rempli de beauté printanière après le long hiver.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.i/

Valley

vallée
Meaning
a low area of land between hills or mountains
Example
The green valley stretched for miles between the mountains.
La vallée verte s'étendait sur des kilomètres entre les montagnes.
B2 noun /ˌvɪz.ɪˈbɪlɪti/

visibility

visibilité
Meaning
The state of being able to see or be seen; exposure or prominence.
Example
Increased visibility on social media can help businesses grow.
Une plus grande visibilité sur les réseaux sociaux peut aider les entreprises à se développer.
C1 adjective /vəˈluː.mə.nəs/

voluminous

volumineux, grand, expansif
Meaning
Occupying or containing much space; large in volume, in particular.
Example
The library contained a voluminous collection of books.
La bibliothèque contenait une collection volumineuse de livres.
C2 adjective /ˈviːnəl/

venal

vénal
Meaning
willing to do dishonest things in return for money; corrupt
Example
The politician was accused of being venal and corrupt.
Le politicien a été accusé d'être vénal et corrompu.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkətɔːri/

vindicatory

vindicatif
Meaning
Serving to justify, clear of blame, or defend.
Example
His vindicatory remarks restored his reputation.
Ses remarques vindicatoires ont restauré sa réputation.
C1 adjective /ˈveɪɡrənt/

Vagrant

vagabond; sans-abri
Meaning
wandering aimlessly; having no settled home
Example
The vagrant man was asking for food near the station.
L'homme vagabond demandait de la nourriture près de la station.
C1 noun /ˈvʌl.tʃər/

Vulture

vautour
Meaning
a large bird of prey that feeds mainly on carrion
Example
The vulture circled overhead, waiting for its prey.
Le vautour volait en cercles au-dessus, attendant sa proie.
C2 verb /voʊˈsɪfəˌreɪt/

vociferate

vociférer
Meaning
to shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently
Example
The protesters vociferated against the unfair law.
Les manifestants ont vociféré contre la loi injuste.
C1 noun /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

vanguard

avant-garde
Meaning
the forefront of an action, movement, or military force
Example
The company is at the vanguard of technological innovation.
L'entreprise est à l'avant-garde de l'innovation technologique.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl/

Virtual

virtuel
Meaning
almost or nearly as described, but not completely or according to strict definition; existing in essence or effect, though not in fact
Example
The virtual meeting allowed participants from different countries to collaborate.
La réunion virtuelle a permis aux participants de différents pays de collaborer.
B1 preposition /ˈvɜːsəs/

versus

contre
Meaning
against (in a competition or conflict)
Example
The team is playing versus their biggest rivals.
L'équipe joue contre ses plus grands rivaux.
C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

bonheur
Meaning
A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.
Example
She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun ˌvɛdʒɪˈteɪʃən

vegetation

végétation
Meaning
Plants considered collectively, especially those found in a particular region.
Example
The forest was dense with a wide variety of vegetation.
La forêt était dense avec une grande variété de végétation.
C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

vigueur
Meaning
Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Example
She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.
Elle a abordé le projet avec une grande vigueur et détermination.
C2 adjective /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri/

valedictory

de départ
Meaning
Serving as a farewell or parting; relating to a valediction.
Example
He delivered a valedictory speech at the conference.
Il a prononcé un discours de départ à la conférence.
C1 adjective /vɪˈveɪʃəs/

vivacious

vivace
Meaning
Attractively lively and animated.
Example
She was admired for her vivacious personality.
Elle a été admirée pour sa personnalité vivace.
C2 noun vəˈlɪʃən

volition

volonté
Meaning
The faculty or power of using one's will; the power of choosing or determining.
Example
She left the job of her own volition.
Elle a quitté le travail de son propre gré.
B2 noun ˈvaɪtəl rɪˈsɔːrsɪz

vital resources

ressources vitales
Meaning
Essential assets or supplies that are crucial for survival and development.
Example
Water is one of Bangladesh's vital resources.
L'eau est l'une des ressources vitales du Bangladesh.
C1 verb /veks/

vex

agacer
Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
Le bruit constant de la construction agace les résidents.
C2 noun /ˌvɛrɪsɪˈmɪlɪtjuːd/

verisimilitude

véracité
Meaning
the appearance of being true or real
Example
The movie was praised for its verisimilitude to actual events.
Le film a été salué pour sa véracité par rapport aux événements réels.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnəˌreɪtɪd/

venerated

vénéré
Meaning
respected and admired deeply
Example
The venerated professor was honored with an award.
Le professeur vénéré a été honoré d'un prix.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

visqueux
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.
Example
Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.
Le miel est un liquide visqueux qui coule lentement.
C2 noun /vɪm/

vim

vigueur
Meaning
energy and enthusiasm
Example
She performed the dance with great vim and vigor.
Elle a exécuté la danse avec une grande vigueur et énergie.
C2 adjective /ˈvjuː.ləs/

Viewless

invisible; sans opinions
Meaning
invisible; having no views or opinions
Example
The ghost remained viewless to most people in the haunted house.
Le fantôme est resté invisible pour la plupart des gens dans la maison hantée.
C1 adjective /ˈviːnəs/

venous

veineux
Meaning
relating to the veins that carry blood to the heart
Example
The doctor examined the patient’s venous circulation.
Le médecin a examiné la circulation veineuse du patient.
C2 noun /vɜːrˈtuː/

virtu

goût pour l'art
Meaning
a love of or taste for fine art, antiques, or curiosities
Example
The collector’s house was filled with objects of virtu.
La maison du collectionneur était remplie d'objets de virtu.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljənt/

Valiant

vaillant; héroïque
Meaning
showing courage or determination; brave and heroic
Example
The valiant soldier fought bravely to protect his country.
Le vaillant soldat s'est battu courageusement pour protéger son pays.
C2 adjective /vərˈmɪkjələr/

vermicular

comme un ver
Meaning
having a shape or appearance like a worm; worm-like
Example
The artist used a vermicular design to decorate the border of the manuscript.
L'artiste a utilisé un design vermiculaire pour décorer le bord du manuscrit.
C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

vivifier
Meaning
to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven
Example
The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.
L'enthousiasme du professeur a aidé à vivifier la conférence ennuyeuse.
A1 noun /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/

village

village
Meaning
a small community or group of houses in a rural area
Example
They live in a small village surrounded by mountains.
Ils vivent dans un petit village entouré de montagnes.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪnsəbl/

vincible

vincible
Meaning
capable of being overcome or defeated
Example
The enemy seemed vincible after losing their main base.
L'ennemi semblait vincible après avoir perdu sa base principale.
C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

venimeux; malveillant;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
Le serpent venimeux a frappé rapidement sa proie.
C1 noun /vəˈlɒs.ɪ.ti/

velocity

vélocité
Meaning
Speed or acceleration, the rate of movement of any object or vehicle.
Example
High velocity trains reduce travel time significantly.
Les trains à grande vitesse réduisent considérablement le temps de voyage.
C1 adjective /ˈvɑːlətl/

volatile

volatil
Meaning
likely to change rapidly and unpredictably, especially for the worse
Example
The stock market is extremely volatile these days.
Le marché boursier est extrêmement volatil ces jours-ci.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪv.ɪd/

Vivid

vif; brillant; clair;
Meaning
producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind; bright and intense
Example
She has vivid memories of her childhood in the countryside.
Elle a des souvenirs vivants de son enfance à la campagne.
A1 noun /ˈvedʒ.tə.bəlz/

Vegetables

légumes
Meaning
plants or parts of plants that are eaten as food, such as peas, beans, cabbage, potatoes, onions, or carrots
Example
We should eat more vegetables to maintain a healthy diet.
Nous devrions manger plus de légumes pour maintenir un régime alimentaire sain.
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrdɪɡriːs/

verdigris

dépôt vert ou bleu
Meaning
A green or bluish deposit that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces due to oxidation.
Example
The old statue was covered in verdigris after years of exposure to the rain.
La vieille statue était couverte de verdigris après des années d'exposition à la pluie.
A1 noun /ˈvɛdʒ.tə.bəl/

vegetable

bonheur
Meaning
a plant or part of a plant used as food
Example
I eat vegetables every day for health.
Elle ne pouvait cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /vəˈræs.ə.ti/

veracity

vérité
Meaning
Conformity to facts; accuracy and truthfulness.
Example
The journalist checked the veracity of the report.
Le journaliste a vérifié la véracité du rapport.
B2 verb /vaʊ/

vow

faire un vœu
Meaning
to make a serious promise; to pledge solemnly
Example
They vowed to love each other forever.
Ils ont fait le vœu de s'aimer pour toujours.
B1 preposition /ˈvaɪə/ or /ˈviːə/

via

par le biais de
Meaning
through, by way of, or using a particular route or means
Example
She sent the documents via email.
Elle a envoyé les documents par le biais de l'email.
C2 adjective /ˈvælərəs/

valorous

vaillant
Meaning
showing great courage and bravery
Example
The valorous soldier led his troop into battle without hesitation.
Le soldat vaillant a dirigé ses troupes au combat sans hésitation.
C2 noun ˈvaɪ.və ˈvəʊs

viva voce

examen oral
Meaning
An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.
Example
Viva Voce tests communication skills.
Les épreuves de Viva Voce évaluent les compétences en communication.
C2 noun /ˈvɛləm/

vellum

parchemin
Meaning
a fine parchment made originally from the skin of a calf, used for writing or printing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on vellum.
Le manuscrit ancien a été écrit sur du parchemin.
C2 verb /ˈvɪtrɪfaɪ/

vitrify

transformer en verre
Meaning
to turn into glass or a glass-like substance by heat
Example
Sand can vitrify under intense heat.
Le sable peut se transformer en verre sous une chaleur intense.
C2 adjective /ˈveɪpərəs/

Vaporous

vaporeux; vague
Meaning
consisting of vapor; vague or insubstantial
Example
The morning air was filled with vaporous mist.
L'air du matin était rempli de brume vaporeuse.
B2 noun /ˈvæmpaɪər/

vampire

bonheur
Meaning
a mythical creature that sucks blood from the living; metaphorically, a person who exploits others
Example
In folklore, a vampire rises at night to drink human blood.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /ˈveɪpəraɪzər/

vaporizer

vaporisateur
Meaning
a device that turns a liquid into vapor, often for inhalation
Example
She used a vaporizer to ease her cough.
Elle a utilisé un vaporisateur pour soulager sa toux.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪrəl/

virile

viril
Meaning
having traditionally masculine qualities, such as strength, energy, and sexual vigor
Example
The actor was admired for his virile appearance.
L'acteur a été admiré pour son apparence virile.
B2 noun /ˈvel.vɪt/

Velvet

velours
Meaning
a soft, luxurious fabric with a thick, short pile on one side
Example
The royal curtains were made of rich red velvet.
Les rideaux royaux étaient faits de riche velours rouge.
C2 adjective /veɪnˈɡlɔːriəs/

vainglorious

vaniteux
Meaning
Excessively proud of oneself or one’s achievements; boastful.
Example
The vainglorious leader boasted about his minor achievements.
Le leader vaniteux se vantait de ses petites réalisations.
B2 verb/noun /vɛnt/

vent

ventiler / ouverture permettant à l'air ou au gaz de passer
Meaning
to release air, gas, or strong emotions; an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass
Example
She vented her frustration after the long meeting.
Elle a exprimé sa frustration après la longue réunion.
B2 verb /ˈvɒmɪt/

vomit

vomir
Meaning
to bring up food from the stomach through the mouth; to be sick
Example
The patient began to vomit after taking the medication.
Le patient a commencé à vomir après avoir pris le médicament.
C1 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

viability

viabilité
Meaning
Ability to work successfully; feasibility.
Example
The viability of the project depends on funding.
La viabilité du projet dépend du financement.
B1 noun /ˈvɜːr.ʒən/

Version

version; forme; récit
Meaning
a particular form or variation of something; an account of an event
Example
This is the latest version of the software.
C'est la dernière version du logiciel.
C2 noun /ˌvæs.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən/

Vacillation

vacillation
Meaning
the inability to decide between different opinions or actions; indecision
Example
His constant vacillation between career choices frustrated his parents.
Sa constante vacillation entre les choix de carrière a frustré ses parents.
C2 adjective /ˈven.tʃər.əs/

Venturous

aventurier; audacieux
Meaning
willing to take risks; adventurous; bold
Example
The venturous explorer climbed the dangerous mountain.
L'explorateur audacieux a grimpé la montagne dangereuse.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪʒ.ən.er.i/

Visionary

visionnaire; imaginatif;
Meaning
having original ideas about what the future will bring; innovative; imaginative
Example
Steve Jobs was a visionary leader who revolutionized technology.
Steve Jobs était un leader visionnaire qui a révolutionné la technologie.
C1 noun /vɛnˈdɛtə/

vendetta

vengeance
Meaning
a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge
Example
The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.
Les deux familles étaient prises dans une vendetta amère pendant des générations.
C2 noun /ˈvɪtrioʊl/

vitriol

critique acerbe
Meaning
harsh and bitter criticism
Example
The politician faced vitriol from the public.
Le politicien a fait face à une critique acerbe du public.
C1 noun /voʊɡ/

vogue

mode
Meaning
the prevailing fashion, style, or trend at a particular time
Example
Minimalist design is currently in vogue.
Le design minimaliste est actuellement à la mode.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪrəs/

virus

virus
Meaning
A tiny infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.
Example
The computer was infected with a dangerous virus.
L'ordinateur a été infecté par un virus dangereux.
A2 noun /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

Vacation

vacances
Meaning
a period of time when someone does not go to work or school but is free to do what they want, such as travel or relax
Example
I'm planning a vacation to the beach next summer.
Je planifie des vacances à la plage l'été prochain.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈkɛəriəs/

vicarious

bonheur
Meaning
experienced through the feelings or actions of another person
Example
She felt vicarious excitement watching her son win the award.
Elle ne pouvait cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B1 adjective /ˈvælɪd/

Valid

valide; acceptable légalement ou officiellement
Meaning
legally or officially acceptable; having a sound basis in logic or fact
Example
The passport is valid for ten years.
Le passeport est valide pour dix ans.
C2 noun /ˌvɪvɪˈsɛkʃən/

vivisection

la pratique de réaliser des opérations sur des animaux vivants pour la recherche scientifique
Meaning
the practice of performing operations on live animals for scientific research
Example
Vivisection has long been a controversial topic among scientists and animal rights activists.
La vivisection a longtemps été un sujet controversé parmi les scientifiques et les militants des droits des animaux.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪtriəs/

vitreous

vitreux
Meaning
having a glass-like appearance or quality
Example
The mineral has a vitreous shine.
Le minéral a un éclat vitreux.
C2 adjective /ˈvæpɪd/

vapid

insipide
Meaning
lacking liveliness, flavor, or interest; dull and uninspired
Example
The lecture was so vapid that half the audience fell asleep.
La conférence était tellement insipide que la moitié du public s'est endormie.
C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

coffre-fort / sauter
Meaning
A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.
Example
The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.
La banque a gardé ses lingots d'or dans une voûte sécurisée.
C2 adjective /ˈvækjuəs/

vacuous

vide
Meaning
Having or showing a lack of thought or intelligence; mindless.
Example
She gave a vacuous smile during the serious discussion.
Elle a souri de façon vide pendant la discussion sérieuse.
C2 verb /ˈvæsɪleɪt/

vacillate

bonheur
Meaning
to waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive
Example
He vacillated between studying law and becoming a writer.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher sa joie lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /vɪnˈjɛt/

vignette

vignette
Meaning
A short, descriptive piece of writing or a brief scene.
Example
The author included a poignant vignette in the introduction of the book.
L'auteur a inclus une vignette poignante dans l'introduction du livre.
B2 noun /ˈven.juː/

Venue

endroit
Meaning
a place where an event or activity takes place
Example
The wedding venue was beautifully decorated.
Le lieu du mariage était magnifiquement décoré.
B2 adjective /ˈvɛriəbl/

Variable

variable
Meaning
able to change; not consistent or having a fixed pattern
Example
The weather has been very variable this week.
Le temps a été très variable cette semaine.
C2 adverb /ˈvɛrɪli/

verily

véritablement
Meaning
truly; certainly; without a doubt
Example
Verily, I say unto you, this is the truth.
Véritablement, je vous le dis, c'est la vérité.
C1 noun /ˈvendʒəns/

Vengeance

vengeance
Meaning
punishment inflicted or retribution exacted for an injury or wrong; revenge
Example
He swore to seek vengeance against those who wronged him.
Il jura de chercher la vengeance contre ceux qui lui avaient fait du tort.
B2 verb /ˈverɪfaɪ/

verify

vérifier
Meaning
to check if something is true or correct; to confirm
Example
Please verify your email address before proceeding.
Veuillez vérifier votre adresse e-mail avant de continuer.
C2 adjective ˌvɪz.ju.oʊˈspeɪ.ʃəl

visuospatial

Relatif à la compréhension de la relation entre l'espace et les objets à travers la vision
Meaning
Related to understanding the relationship between space and objects through vision.
Example
Good visuospatial skills are important for architecture and design.
De bonnes compétences visuospatiales sont importantes pour l'architecture et le design.
B2 noun /ˌvʌl.nər.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/

vulnerability

vulnérabilité
Meaning
The quality or state of being exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed.
Example
Addressing vulnerability is crucial for stability.
Aborder la vulnérabilité est crucial pour la stabilité.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lənt/

Violent

violent; agressif
Meaning
using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; very forceful or powerful
Example
The violent storm caused significant damage to the coastal areas.
La tempête violente a causé des dommages importants dans les zones côtières.
C2 adjective /ˈvɒl.jʊ.bəl/

Voluble

bavard; volubile
Meaning
speaking fluently and readily; talkative; having a continuous flow of words
Example
The voluble salesman talked for hours about his products.
Le vendeur bavard a parlé pendant des heures de ses produits.
A2 noun /ˈvedʒtəbəl ɔɪl/

Vegetable oil

huile végétale
Meaning
Oil extracted from plants, seeds, or nuts used for cooking
Example
She heated vegetable oil in the pan before adding the vegetables.
Elle a chauffé de l'huile végétale dans la poêle avant d'ajouter les légumes.
B2 adjective /ˈvoʊkəl/

vocal

vocal
Meaning
expressing opinions or feelings freely and loudly; relating to the voice
Example
She was very vocal about her dissatisfaction.
Elle était très vocale à propos de son mécontentement.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljuːləs/

valueless

sans valeur
Meaning
having no worth, importance, or usefulness
Example
The old broken phone was considered valueless.
Le vieux téléphone cassé a été jugé sans valeur.
C1 noun ˌvɜː.səˈtɪl.ɪ.ti

versatility

polyvalence
Meaning
Ability to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many different skills.
Example
His versatility made him successful in multiple fields.
Sa polyvalence l'a rendu performant dans de nombreux domaines.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

relatif à la croissance ou aux processus fondamentaux de la vie
Meaning
relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity
Example
The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.
Le patient est resté dans un état végétatif après l'accident.
C1 noun /ˈvɪstə/

vista

vue
Meaning
A pleasing view, especially one seen through a long, narrow opening.
Example
From the mountain top, we admired the breathtaking vista of the valley below.
Du sommet de la montagne, nous avons admiré la vue imprenable de la vallée en bas.
C2 verb /ˈvɛdʒɪteɪt/

vegetate

végéter
Meaning
to live in a dull, inactive, or unchallenging way, often with little physical or mental effort
Example
He spent his vacation vegetating on the couch in front of the TV.
Il a passé ses vacances à végéter sur le canapé devant la télévision.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪnəri/

vinery

vignoble
Meaning
A place where vines are cultivated, especially a vineyard or greenhouse for vines.
Example
The old vinery was filled with grapevines.
Le vieux vignoble était rempli de vignes.
B2 noun /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Vaccination

vaccination
Meaning
the process of giving a vaccine to a person or animal to protect them against a disease
Example
Children receive vaccination against measles at an early age.
Les enfants reçoivent la vaccination contre la rougeole à un jeune âge.
C1 noun /ˈvɛriəns/

variance

variance
Meaning
the state of being different or inconsistent; in statistics, a measure of the spread between numbers
Example
There is a wide variance in students' performance levels.
Il y a une grande variance dans les niveaux de performance des étudiants.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈvɪntɪdʒ/

vintage

vintage / classique
Meaning
Relating to high quality from the past; classic; also the year of a wine harvest.
Example
She wore a vintage dress from the 1950s.
Elle portait une robe vintage des années 1950.
B2 noun /ˈveɪ.pər/

Vapour

vapeur
Meaning
a substance in the form of a gas, especially when it has changed from a liquid or solid state
Example
Water vapour rose from the hot pavement after the rain.
La vapeur d'eau s'élevait du trottoir chaud après la pluie.
A1 adverb /ˈver.i/

Very

très; extrêmement; énormément
Meaning
to a high degree; extremely; greatly
Example
She is very intelligent and works very hard.
Elle est très intelligente et travaille très dur.
C1 verb /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

vindicate

justifier
Meaning
To clear someone of blame or suspicion; to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
Example
The new evidence helped vindicate the wrongly accused man.
La nouvelle preuve a aidé à justifier l'homme injustement accusé.
B1 noun /ˈvɪʒ.ən/

vision

vision
Meaning
The faculty or state of being able to see.
Example
Excessive rubbing can damage vision.
Se frotter excessivement peut endommager la vision.
C1 noun /ˌvɜːrtʃuˈoʊsoʊ/

virtuoso

artiste virtuose
Meaning
A person highly skilled in music, art, or another artistic pursuit.
Example
The pianist is a true virtuoso, captivating audiences worldwide.
Le pianiste est un véritable artiste virtuose, captivant les auditoires du monde entier.
B2 noun /ˈvæljuː ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/

value proposition

une déclaration qui explique les avantages uniques ou la valeur qu'un produit ou service offre aux clients
Meaning
A statement that explains the unique benefits or value that a product or service offers to customers.
Example
A clear value proposition attracts more customers.
Une proposition de valeur claire attire plus de clients.
C1 noun /ˈves.tɪdʒ/

Vestige

vestige
Meaning
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
Example
No vestige of the ancient city remains.
Aucun vestige de l'ancienne ville ne reste.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪrjʊlənt/

virulent

extrêmement nuisible
Meaning
Extremely severe or harmful in its effects.
Example
The virulent disease spread rapidly across the region.
La maladie virulente s'est rapidement propagée à travers la région.
B2 verb /ˈvæksɪneɪt/

vaccinate

vacciner
Meaning
to give a vaccine to protect against a disease
Example
Children are usually vaccinated before starting school.
Les enfants sont généralement vaccinés avant de commencer l'école.
B1 noun /ˈvɒl.juːm/

volume

volume
Meaning
the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container
Example
The volume of water in the tank increased after the rain.
Le volume d'eau dans le réservoir a augmenté après la pluie.
B1 noun /vaɪəˈlɪn/

Violin

violon
Meaning
a musical instrument with four strings that is played with a bow
Example
She plays the violin beautifully in the orchestra.
Elle joue magnifiquement du violon dans l'orchestre.
C1 noun /ˈvɔːrtɛks/

vortex

tourbillon
Meaning
A mass of whirling fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind.
Example
The plane was caught in a dangerous vortex of air.
L'avion a été pris dans un dangereux tourbillon d'air.
C1 adjective /ˈviːəmənt/

Vehement

véhément; intense; passionné; énergique
Meaning
showing strong feeling; forceful; passionate; intense
Example
She gave a vehement denial of the accusations.
Elle a donné une dénégation véhémente des accusations.
B2 noun /ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

verification

vérification
Meaning
The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.
Example
The bank requires verification of identity before opening an account.
La banque exige une vérification de l'identité avant d'ouvrir un compte.
C2 adjective /ˈvɑːlətɪv/

volitive

volitif
Meaning
Relating to the will or the exercise of the will.
Example
The treaty was signed under volitive agreement between both nations.
Le traité a été signé sous un accord volitif entre les deux nations.
C2 noun /ˌviːələnsɛloʊ/

violoncello

violoncelle
Meaning
The full name of the cello, a large string instrument played with a bow and held between the knees.
Example
He practiced the violoncello for hours each day.
Il a pratiqué le violoncelle pendant des heures chaque jour.
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊtɪv/

votive

votif
Meaning
Offered or dedicated in fulfillment of a vow.
Example
She lit a votive candle in the church as a prayer.
Elle a allumé une bougie votive dans l'église comme prière.