vitriol
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Anglais BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Espagnol FR Français DE Allemand RU Russe ZH Chinois JA Japonais
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
C2 noun /ˈvɪtrioʊl/

vitriol

critique acerbe
Meaning
harsh and bitter criticism
Example
The politician faced vitriol from the public.
Le politicien a fait face à une critique acerbe du public.
C1 noun /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/

vertical farming

agriculture verticale
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
L'agriculture verticale garantit une utilisation maximale de l'espace dans les zones urbaines.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪv.ɪd/

Vivid

vif; brillant; clair;
Meaning
producing powerful feelings or strong, clear images in the mind; bright and intense
Example
She has vivid memories of her childhood in the countryside.
Elle a des souvenirs vivants de son enfance à la campagne.
C2 noun /ˌvɪvɪˈsɛkʃən/

vivisection

la pratique de réaliser des opérations sur des animaux vivants pour la recherche scientifique
Meaning
the practice of performing operations on live animals for scientific research
Example
Vivisection has long been a controversial topic among scientists and animal rights activists.
La vivisection a longtemps été un sujet controversé parmi les scientifiques et les militants des droits des animaux.
A1 noun /ˈvedʒ.tə.bəlz/

Vegetables

légumes
Meaning
plants or parts of plants that are eaten as food, such as peas, beans, cabbage, potatoes, onions, or carrots
Example
We should eat more vegetables to maintain a healthy diet.
Nous devrions manger plus de légumes pour maintenir un régime alimentaire sain.
B2 adjective /ˈvɛriənt/

Variant

variante; version alternative
Meaning
differing in form, details, or in some other respect; alternative
Example
There are several variant spellings of this word.
Il existe plusieurs variantes de ce mot.
C2 noun /viːˈnæləti/

venality

vénalité
Meaning
the quality of being open to bribery or corruption
Example
The scandal revealed the venality of several senior officials.
Le scandale a révélé la vénalité de plusieurs hauts fonctionnaires.
C2 noun /voʊˈsɪfərəns/

vociferance

crier fort
Meaning
the act of shouting or making a loud outcry
Example
The vociferance of the protesters filled the streets.
La vocifération des manifestants a rempli les rues.
B2 noun /ˈven.juː/

Venue

endroit
Meaning
a place where an event or activity takes place
Example
The wedding venue was beautifully decorated.
Le lieu du mariage était magnifiquement décoré.
A2 verb /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

visiting

visiter
Meaning
Going to see and spend time with someone or at a place.
Example
The group is visiting islands during the expedition.
Le groupe visite des îles pendant l'expédition.
A2 noun /ˈvɒlibɔːl/

volleyball

volleyball
Meaning
a team sport in which players hit a ball over a high net using their hands
Example
She plays volleyball with her friends every weekend.
Elle joue au volleyball avec ses amis chaque week-end.
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

voyage; traversée en mer
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
Le voyage du navire à travers l'Atlantique a duré deux semaines.
C1 noun /ˈvaɪ.pər/

Viper

vipère
Meaning
a venomous snake with large hinged fangs that typically has a thick body and gives birth to live young
Example
The viper coiled up when it sensed danger.
La vipère s'est enroulée lorsqu'elle a ressenti le danger.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪrəs/

virus

virus
Meaning
A tiny infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.
Example
The computer was infected with a dangerous virus.
L'ordinateur a été infecté par un virus dangereux.
B2 noun /ˈveɪ.pər/

Vapour

vapeur
Meaning
a substance in the form of a gas, especially when it has changed from a liquid or solid state
Example
Water vapour rose from the hot pavement after the rain.
La vapeur d'eau s'élevait du trottoir chaud après la pluie.
B1 adjective /ˈvælɪd/

Valid

valide; acceptable légalement ou officiellement
Meaning
legally or officially acceptable; having a sound basis in logic or fact
Example
The passport is valid for ten years.
Le passeport est valide pour dix ans.
C1 noun /ˈveɪpəraɪzər/

vaporizer

vaporisateur
Meaning
a device that turns a liquid into vapor, often for inhalation
Example
She used a vaporizer to ease her cough.
Elle a utilisé un vaporisateur pour soulager sa toux.
B2 noun ˈven.tʃərz

ventures

entreprise
Meaning
Business enterprises or undertakings, especially risky ones.
Example
Luxury ventures in space attract wealthy clients.
Les ventures de luxe dans l'espace attirent des clients fortunés.
A2 verb /voʊt/

vote

voter
Meaning
to make a choice in an election; to express preference
Example
Citizens vote to choose their representatives.
Les citoyens votent pour choisir leurs représentants.
B2 verb/noun /vɛnt/

vent

ventiler / ouverture permettant à l'air ou au gaz de passer
Meaning
to release air, gas, or strong emotions; an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass
Example
She vented her frustration after the long meeting.
Elle a exprimé sa frustration après la longue réunion.
B2 noun ˌvɛdʒɪˈteɪʃən

vegetation

végétation
Meaning
Plants considered collectively, especially those found in a particular region.
Example
The forest was dense with a wide variety of vegetation.
La forêt était dense avec une grande variété de végétation.
C2 adjective ˌvɪz.ju.oʊˈspeɪ.ʃəl

visuospatial

Relatif à la compréhension de la relation entre l'espace et les objets à travers la vision
Meaning
Related to understanding the relationship between space and objects through vision.
Example
Good visuospatial skills are important for architecture and design.
De bonnes compétences visuospatiales sont importantes pour l'architecture et le design.
C2 noun ˈvaɪ.və ˈvəʊs

viva voce

examen oral
Meaning
An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.
Example
Viva Voce tests communication skills.
Les épreuves de Viva Voce évaluent les compétences en communication.
A2 noun /vəˈkæbjʊləri/

vocabulary

vocabulaire
Meaning
the set of words known and used by a person, group, or language; the words used in a particular field or subject
Example
Reading every day helps improve your vocabulary.
Lire chaque jour aide à améliorer votre vocabulaire.
C2 adjective /veɪnˈɡlɔːriəs/

vainglorious

vaniteux
Meaning
Excessively proud of oneself or one’s achievements; boastful.
Example
The vainglorious leader boasted about his minor achievements.
Le leader vaniteux se vantait de ses petites réalisations.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

valeur; prix; importance
Meaning
the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth
Example
This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.
Ce vase ancien a une grande valeur sentimentale pour notre famille.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkətɔːri/

vindicatory

vindicatif
Meaning
Serving to justify, clear of blame, or defend.
Example
His vindicatory remarks restored his reputation.
Ses remarques vindicatoires ont restauré sa réputation.
C2 adjective /vəˈnɪəriəl/

venereal

vénérien
Meaning
relating to sexual intercourse or sexually transmitted diseases
Example
Doctors warn about the dangers of venereal diseases.
Les médecins avertissent des dangers des maladies vénériennes.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪrəl/

virile

viril
Meaning
having traditionally masculine qualities, such as strength, energy, and sexual vigor
Example
The actor was admired for his virile appearance.
L'acteur a été admiré pour son apparence virile.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.i/

Valley

vallée
Meaning
a low area of land between hills or mountains
Example
The green valley stretched for miles between the mountains.
La vallée verte s'étendait sur des kilomètres entre les montagnes.
B2 adjective /ˈvoʊkəl/

vocal

vocal
Meaning
expressing opinions or feelings freely and loudly; relating to the voice
Example
She was very vocal about her dissatisfaction.
Elle était très vocale à propos de son mécontentement.
C2 adjective /ˈvækjuəs/

vacuous

vide
Meaning
Having or showing a lack of thought or intelligence; mindless.
Example
She gave a vacuous smile during the serious discussion.
Elle a souri de façon vide pendant la discussion sérieuse.
B2 noun /vɜːrdʒ/

Verge

bord; limite; seuil
Meaning
the edge or border of something; very close to happening
Example
She was on the verge of tears.
Elle était sur le point de pleurer.
B1 noun /ˈviːzə/

visa

visa
Meaning
an official authorization or permission to enter, leave, or stay in a country
Example
She applied for a visa to study abroad.
Elle a demandé un visa pour étudier à l'étranger.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛndɪbəl/

vendible

vendable
Meaning
Capable of being sold; marketable.
Example
Only vendible products were displayed at the trade fair.
Seuls les produits vendables ont été exposés à la foire commerciale.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

vitamine
Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
Les fruits et légumes sont des sources riches en vitamines.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪnəri/

vinery

vignoble
Meaning
A place where vines are cultivated, especially a vineyard or greenhouse for vines.
Example
The old vinery was filled with grapevines.
Le vieux vignoble était rempli de vignes.
B1 preposition /ˈvaɪə/ or /ˈviːə/

via

par le biais de
Meaning
through, by way of, or using a particular route or means
Example
She sent the documents via email.
Elle a envoyé les documents par le biais de l'email.
B1 noun /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/

voting

vote
Meaning
the act of making a choice in an election or decision by casting a vote
Example
Voting is an important part of a democratic society.
Le vote est une partie importante d'une société démocratique.
C1 noun /voʊɡ/

vogue

mode
Meaning
the prevailing fashion, style, or trend at a particular time
Example
Minimalist design is currently in vogue.
Le design minimaliste est actuellement à la mode.
C2 verb /ˈvɪʃieɪt/

vitiate

vicié
Meaning
to spoil, weaken, or make something less effective
Example
One careless remark can vitiate the entire argument.
Une remarque imprudente peut vicié tout l'argument.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈtjuːpərəbl̩/

vituperable

méprisable
Meaning
Deserving of blame, censure, or harsh criticism.
Example
His reckless actions made him vituperable in the eyes of his colleagues.
Ses actions imprudentes l'ont rendu méprisable aux yeux de ses collègues.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪəl/

viol

un type d'instrument à cordes ancien
Meaning
A stringed musical instrument of the Renaissance and Baroque periods, played with a bow and similar to but distinct from the violin family.
Example
The musician played an old viol in the chamber music concert.
Le musicien a joué un vieux viall dans le concert de musique de chambre.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl/

Virtual

virtuel
Meaning
almost or nearly as described, but not completely or according to strict definition; existing in essence or effect, though not in fact
Example
The virtual meeting allowed participants from different countries to collaborate.
La réunion virtuelle a permis aux participants de différents pays de collaborer.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnərəbəl/

Venerable

vénérable; respecté
Meaning
deserving respect due to age, wisdom, or character; revered
Example
The venerable professor has taught at the university for fifty years.
Le vénérable professeur enseigne à l'université depuis cinquante ans.
C1 noun ˈvɜːmɪn

vermin

petits animaux ou insectes nuisibles qui sont difficiles à contrôler et transmettent des maladies
Meaning
Small harmful animals or insects that are difficult to control and carry disease.
Example
The house was infested with vermin, requiring immediate action.
La maison était infestée de vermines, nécessitant une action immédiate.
B2 noun/verb ˈven.tʃər

venture

entreprise risquée, aventure, se lancer
Meaning
A risky or daring journey or undertaking; a business enterprise involving considerable risk.
Example
His new venture into e-commerce proved successful.
Sa nouvelle aventure dans le commerce électronique a réussi.
C2 adjective /ˈvɒl.jʊ.bəl/

Voluble

bavard; volubile
Meaning
speaking fluently and readily; talkative; having a continuous flow of words
Example
The voluble salesman talked for hours about his products.
Le vendeur bavard a parlé pendant des heures de ses produits.
B1 adjective /ˈvɛəriəs/

Various

divers; plusieurs types de
Meaning
several different; many different types of
Example
She has lived in various countries around the world.
Elle a vécu dans plusieurs pays autour du monde.
B2 noun /ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

verification

vérification
Meaning
The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.
Example
The bank requires verification of identity before opening an account.
La banque exige une vérification de l'identité avant d'ouvrir un compte.
B2 verb /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/

visualize

visualiser
Meaning
To form a mental image of something; to imagine.
Example
She tried to visualize her success before the big presentation.
Elle a essayé de visualiser son succès avant la grande présentation.
C2 noun vəˈlɪʃən

volition

volonté
Meaning
The faculty or power of using one's will; the power of choosing or determining.
Example
She left the job of her own volition.
Elle a quitté le travail de son propre gré.
B1 noun /ˈvæk.siːn/

Vaccine

vaccin
Meaning
a substance that is put into the body to prevent a disease
Example
The COVID-19 vaccine has helped reduce severe illness.
Le vaccin contre le COVID-19 a contribué à réduire les maladies graves.
B2 noun /vaɪs/

Vice

vice; mauvaise habitude; défaut moral
Meaning
an immoral or wicked behavior; a moral failing or fault
Example
Smoking is his only vice.
Fumer est son seul vice.
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.tʃuː/

Virtue

vertu; moralité; qualité utile
Meaning
behavior showing high moral standards; a good or useful quality of a thing
Example
Honesty is considered the highest virtue in many cultures.
L'honnêteté est considérée comme la plus haute vertu dans de nombreuses cultures.
C1 noun/verb /ˈvɑːrnɪʃ/

varnish

vernis
Meaning
A liquid that is applied to wood or other materials to form a hard, shiny surface; also to apply such a liquid.
Example
The carpenter varnished the table to give it a glossy finish.
Le charpentier a verni la table pour lui donner une finition brillante.
C2 noun /vərˈmɪl.jən/

Vermillion

couleur rouge-orangée brillante; un pigment de cette couleur
Meaning
a bright red-orange color; a pigment of this color
Example
The artist used vermillion paint for the sunset.
L'artiste a utilisé de la peinture vermillon pour le coucher du soleil.
B2 verb /ˈvɒmɪt/

vomit

vomir
Meaning
to bring up food from the stomach through the mouth; to be sick
Example
The patient began to vomit after taking the medication.
Le patient a commencé à vomir après avoir pris le médicament.
C2 verb /ˈvɪtrɪfaɪ/

vitrify

transformer en verre
Meaning
to turn into glass or a glass-like substance by heat
Example
Sand can vitrify under intense heat.
Le sable peut se transformer en verre sous une chaleur intense.
B1 adjective /ˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Visible

visible; clair; apparent
Meaning
able to be seen; noticeable; apparent
Example
The mountain peak was clearly visible from our hotel room.
Le sommet de la montagne était clairement visible depuis notre chambre d'hôtel.
C1 noun /vərˈnækjələr/

vernacular

langue vernaculaire
Meaning
the language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular region
Example
He gave his speech in the local vernacular so everyone could understand.
Il a donné son discours dans la langue vernaculaire locale afin que tout le monde puisse comprendre.
B1 noun /vəˈraɪəti/

Variety

variété; diversité
Meaning
the quality of being different or diverse; a number of things of the same general class that are distinct in character or quality
Example
The restaurant offers a wide variety of international dishes.
Le restaurant propose une large variété de plats internationaux.
A1 adverb /ˈver.i/

Very

très; extrêmement; énormément
Meaning
to a high degree; extremely; greatly
Example
She is very intelligent and works very hard.
Elle est très intelligente et travaille très dur.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljənt/

Valiant

vaillant; héroïque
Meaning
showing courage or determination; brave and heroic
Example
The valiant soldier fought bravely to protect his country.
Le vaillant soldat s'est battu courageusement pour protéger son pays.
B2 noun ˈvaɪtəl rɪˈsɔːrsɪz

vital resources

ressources vitales
Meaning
Essential assets or supplies that are crucial for survival and development.
Example
Water is one of Bangladesh's vital resources.
L'eau est l'une des ressources vitales du Bangladesh.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪʃ.əs/

Vicious

méchant; cruel; sauvage
Meaning
deliberately cruel or violent; having a savage nature
Example
The vicious dog attacked anyone who came near its territory.
Le chien méchant attaquait quiconque s'approchait de son territoire.
C1 noun /ˌvəʊ.kəl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

vocalization

vocalisation, expression des pensées ou sentiments en mots parlés
Meaning
The action of producing sounds with the voice; the expression of thoughts or feelings in spoken words.
Example
The vocalization of the singer captivated the audience.
La vocalisation du chanteur a captivé le public.
C1 noun /ˌvɜːbəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

verbalization

verbalisation
Meaning
The action of expressing something in words.
Example
The verbalization of his thoughts was clear and direct.
La verbalisation de ses pensées était claire et directe.
A2 noun /ˈvedʒtəbəl ɔɪl/

Vegetable oil

huile végétale
Meaning
Oil extracted from plants, seeds, or nuts used for cooking
Example
She heated vegetable oil in the pan before adding the vegetables.
Elle a chauffé de l'huile végétale dans la poêle avant d'ajouter les légumes.
C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

vivifier
Meaning
to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven
Example
The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.
L'enthousiasme du professeur a aidé à vivifier la conférence ennuyeuse.
C1 noun /ˈvælər/

valor

valeur
Meaning
Great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle.
Example
The soldier was honored for his valor during the war.
Le soldat a été honoré pour sa valeur pendant la guerre.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnəˌreɪtɪd/

venerated

vénéré
Meaning
respected and admired deeply
Example
The venerated professor was honored with an award.
Le professeur vénéré a été honoré d'un prix.
C2 noun /ˌvælɪˈdɪkʃən/

valediction

discours d'adieu
Meaning
The act of saying farewell; a formal goodbye.
Example
The professor gave a touching valediction at his retirement ceremony.
Le professeur a prononcé un discours émouvant d'adieu lors de sa cérémonie de retraite.
C1 adjective /vɪˈveɪʃəs/

vivacious

vivace
Meaning
Attractively lively and animated.
Example
She was admired for her vivacious personality.
Elle a été admirée pour sa personnalité vivace.
C1 noun /vʌlˈɡær.ɪ.ti/

Vulgarity

vulgarité
Meaning
the quality of being rude, offensive, or indecent; lack of sophistication or good taste
Example
The comedian's jokes were criticized for their vulgarity.
Les blagues du comédien ont été critiquées pour leur vulgarité.
C2 noun /vəˈrɑːɡoʊ/

virago

femme autoritaire ou agressive
Meaning
a loud, overbearing woman; historically, a strong or courageous woman
Example
The play depicted the heroine as a fierce virago who defied tradition.
La pièce a dépeint l'héroïne comme une virago féroce qui défiait la tradition.
B1 noun /ˈvɜːr.ʒən/

Version

version; forme; récit
Meaning
a particular form or variation of something; an account of an event
Example
This is the latest version of the software.
C'est la dernière version du logiciel.
C1 noun /ˈvæɡ.ə.bɒnd/

Vagabond

vagabond; sans-abri
Meaning
a person who has no home or job and travels from place to place
Example
The old vagabond wandered through the streets looking for food.
Le vieux vagabond errait dans les rues à la recherche de nourriture.
B2 adjective /ˈvaɪəbəl/

viable

viable, faisable
Meaning
Capable of working successfully; feasible.
Example
A viable solution is necessary for long-term success.
Une solution viable est nécessaire pour réussir à long terme.
B2 verb /vaʊ/

vow

faire un vœu
Meaning
to make a serious promise; to pledge solemnly
Example
They vowed to love each other forever.
Ils ont fait le vœu de s'aimer pour toujours.
C1 adjective /vəˈluː.mə.nəs/

voluminous

volumineux, grand, expansif
Meaning
Occupying or containing much space; large in volume, in particular.
Example
The library contained a voluminous collection of books.
La bibliothèque contenait une collection volumineuse de livres.
C2 noun /ˈvæləns/

valance

valance décorative
Meaning
A decorative drapery hung across the top of a window or bed.
Example
She chose a floral valance to match the curtains in her bedroom.
Elle a choisi une valance florale pour assortir les rideaux de sa chambre.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkeɪtɪv/

vindicative

vindicatif
Meaning
showing a tendency to vindicate or justify; inclined to defend
Example
Her vindicative tone showed that she strongly believed in her innocence.
Son ton vindicatif montrait qu'elle croyait fermement en son innocence.
B1 noun /ˌvedʒəˈteəriən/

Vegetarian

végétarien
Meaning
a person who does not eat meat or fish; relating to vegetarians or vegetarianism
Example
She became a vegetarian for health and environmental reasons.
Elle est devenue végétarienne pour des raisons de santé et environnementales.
C1 adjective vəˈreɪ.ʃəs

voracious

vorace
Meaning
Having a very eager approach to an activity; wanting or devouring great quantities of food or having an insatiable appetite.
Example
He has a voracious appetite for knowledge.
Il a un appétit vorace pour la connaissance.
C1 verb /vaɪ/

vie

concurrencer
Meaning
To compete eagerly with someone in order to do or achieve something.
Example
Several companies are vying for the contract.
Plusieurs entreprises sont en compétition pour le contrat.
A1 noun /ˈvɪdiəʊ/

video

vidéo
Meaning
a recording of moving visual images made digitally or on film
Example
She watched the video of her favorite concert online.
Elle a regardé la vidéo de son concert préféré en ligne.
B2 adjective /ˈvɒl.ən.tər.i/

Voluntary

volontaire
Meaning
done willingly without being forced; given or done freely
Example
She made a voluntary donation to the charity.
Elle a fait un don volontaire à la charité.
B2 noun /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/

Validity

validité
Meaning
the quality of being legally or officially acceptable; the quality of being logically or factually sound
Example
The validity of the contract expires next month.
La validité du contrat expire le mois prochain.
B2 noun /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Vaccination

vaccination
Meaning
the process of giving a vaccine to a person or animal to protect them against a disease
Example
Children receive vaccination against measles at an early age.
Les enfants reçoivent la vaccination contre la rougeole à un jeune âge.
C1 noun vaɪˈtæləti

vitality

vitalité, énergie
Meaning
The state of being strong and active; energy.
Example
The vitality of the team helped them succeed in the competition.
La vitalité de l'équipe les a aidés à réussir dans la compétition.
B2 adjective /ˈvɛriəbl/

Variable

variable
Meaning
able to change; not consistent or having a fixed pattern
Example
The weather has been very variable this week.
Le temps a été très variable cette semaine.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪtriəs/

vitreous

vitreux
Meaning
having a glass-like appearance or quality
Example
The mineral has a vitreous shine.
Le minéral a un éclat vitreux.
B2 noun /vɒlˈkæn.ɪk ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

volcanic eruption

éruption volcanique
Meaning
The discharge of lava, ash, and gases from a volcano.
Example
The volcanic eruption covered the town in ash.
L'éruption volcanique a couvert la ville de cendres.
C1 adjective /vɜːrˈboʊs/

verbose

verbeux
Meaning
Using or expressed in more words than are needed; wordy.
Example
His verbose explanation confused the audience instead of clarifying the issue.
Son explication verbeuse a confondu le public au lieu d'éclaircir la question.
C2 noun /ˈvɪzɪdʒ/

visage

bonheur
Meaning
A person's face or facial expression.
Example
Her stern visage intimidated the children.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher sa joie lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lət/

Violet

couleur violette
Meaning
of a bluish-purple color
Example
She wore a beautiful violet dress to the party.
Elle portait une belle robe violette à la fête.
A1 noun /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/

village

village
Meaning
a small community or group of houses in a rural area
Example
They live in a small village surrounded by mountains.
Ils vivent dans un petit village entouré de montagnes.
B1 noun /ˈvɒl.juːm/

volume

volume
Meaning
the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container
Example
The volume of water in the tank increased after the rain.
Le volume d'eau dans le réservoir a augmenté après la pluie.
C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrdənt/

verdant

verdoyant
Meaning
Green with grass or other rich vegetation; lush and fertile.
Example
The hills looked verdant after the monsoon rains.
Les collines semblaient verdoyantes après les pluies de la mousson.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

relatif à la croissance ou aux processus fondamentaux de la vie
Meaning
relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity
Example
The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.
Le patient est resté dans un état végétatif après l'accident.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪsɪd/

viscid

visqueux
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency.
Example
The sap had a viscid texture that stuck to his hands.
La sève avait une texture visqueuse qui collait à ses mains.
C2 adjective /vɜːrˈtɪdʒɪnəs/

vertiginous

vertigineux
Meaning
Causing dizziness due to great height or steepness.
Example
The tourists looked down from the vertiginous cliffs with awe.
Les touristes regardaient en bas depuis les falaises vertigineuses avec émerveillement.
B2 noun ˌvɒlənˈtɪər ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən

volunteer organization

organisation bénévole
Meaning
A nonprofit group of people who offer their services willingly without payment for a cause.
Example
BD Clean is a volunteer organization promoting recycling.
BD Clean est une organisation bénévole qui promeut le recyclage.
C2 noun /ˈvɛstmənt/

vestment

vêtement religieux
Meaning
a garment, especially a ceremonial or official robe worn during religious services
Example
The priest wore a golden vestment during the ceremony.
Le prêtre portait un vêtement doré lors de la cérémonie.
B2 noun /vaɪˈbreɪ.ʃən/

Vibration

vibration
Meaning
a rapid back and forth movement; oscillation
Example
The phone's vibration woke me up.
La vibration du téléphone m'a réveillé.
C2 verb /ˈvɪlɪfaɪ/

vilify

bonheur
Meaning
to speak or write about someone in an abusive or disparaging manner
Example
The politician was vilified in the media for his controversial remarks.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

vigueur
Meaning
Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Example
She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.
Elle a abordé le projet avec une grande vigueur et détermination.
B1 verb /ˈveri/

vary

varier
Meaning
to change or differ; to make different
Example
The weather conditions vary throughout the day.
Les conditions météorologiques varient tout au long de la journée.
B1 noun /ˈvɪʒ.ən/

vision

vision
Meaning
The faculty or state of being able to see.
Example
Excessive rubbing can damage vision.
Se frotter excessivement peut endommager la vision.
C1 noun /ˈvɛriəns/

variance

variance
Meaning
the state of being different or inconsistent; in statistics, a measure of the spread between numbers
Example
There is a wide variance in students' performance levels.
Il y a une grande variance dans les niveaux de performance des étudiants.
C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

pardonnable; pas gravement faux; mineur
Meaning
forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor
Example
His late arrival was considered a venial offense.
Son arrivée tardive a été considérée comme une infraction vénielle.
C1 noun /vɪnˈjɛt/

vignette

vignette
Meaning
A short, descriptive piece of writing or a brief scene.
Example
The author included a poignant vignette in the introduction of the book.
L'auteur a inclus une vignette poignante dans l'introduction du livre.
C2 noun /ˈvɪntnər/

vintner

vigneron / vendeur de vin
Meaning
A person who makes or sells wine.
Example
The vintner explained the process of making red wine.
Le vigneron a expliqué le processus de fabrication du vin rouge.
C1 adverb /ˈvælɪdli/

validly

valablement
Meaning
in a legally, logically, or officially acceptable manner
Example
The contract was validly signed by both parties.
Le contrat a été valablement signé par les deux parties.
C1 adjective /ˈvendʒ.fəl/

Vengeful

vengéful
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
Elle se sentit vengeresse après que son amie ait trahi sa confiance.
B1 abbreviation /vərsəs/

vs

contre
Meaning
used to indicate opposition or contrast between two things
Example
The match was Brazil vs Argentina in the final.
Le match était Brésil contre Argentine en finale.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪʒ.ən.er.i/

Visionary

visionnaire; imaginatif;
Meaning
having original ideas about what the future will bring; innovative; imaginative
Example
Steve Jobs was a visionary leader who revolutionized technology.
Steve Jobs était un leader visionnaire qui a révolutionné la technologie.
C2 noun /vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd/

vicissitude

vicissitudes de la vie
Meaning
A natural change or succession of one thing to another; the ups and downs of life.
Example
The vicissitude of life often teaches resilience.
Les vicissitudes de la vie enseignent souvent la résilience.
B1 noun /ˈviː.ɪ.kəlz/

Vehicles

véhicules
Meaning
machines used for transporting people or goods from one place to another
Example
There are many different types of vehicles on the road today.
Il y a beaucoup de types de véhicules sur la route aujourd'hui.
B2 noun ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən

ventilation

ventilation
Meaning
The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.
Example
Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality.
Une ventilation adéquate est essentielle pour maintenir la qualité de l'air.