Venomous
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C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

venimeux; malveillant;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
Le serpent venimeux a frappé rapidement sa proie.
C1 noun ˈsɪnədʒi

synergy

synergie, coopération
Meaning
The interaction or cooperation of two or more organizations, substances, or other agents to produce a combined effect greater than the sum of their separate effects.
Example
The synergy between the two companies led to a successful partnership.
La synergie entre les deux entreprises a conduit à un partenariat réussi.
C1 noun ˌvɛn.əˈreɪ.ʃən

veneration

vénération
Meaning
Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.
Example
Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.
De nombreuses cultures montrent de la vénération pour leurs ancêtres.
C1 noun /ˈfɒdər/

fodder

fourrage
Meaning
food for livestock such as cattle, horses, or sheep; also something considered of little value but used to supply a demand
Example
The farmer stored enough fodder for the cattle to last through winter.
Le fermier a stocké suffisamment de fourrage pour que le bétail ait de quoi se nourrir pendant l'hiver.
C1 noun /ˈsmætərɪŋ/

smattering

connaissance superficielle
Meaning
A small amount or superficial knowledge of something.
Example
He has a smattering of Spanish.
Il a une connaissance superficielle de l'espagnol.
C1 adjective pərˈnɪʃəs

pernicious

nocif, pernicieux
Meaning
Having a harmful effect, especially in a gradual or subtle way.
Example
The pernicious effects of smoking are well-documented.
Les effets nuisibles du tabagisme sont bien documentés.
C1 noun /ˈʌlsər/

ulcer

ulcère
Meaning
a sore on the skin or a mucous membrane that does not heal easily
Example
The doctor prescribed medicine to treat the stomach ulcer.
Le médecin a prescrit des médicaments pour traiter l'ulcère de l'estomac.
C1 verb /ɡrʌnt/

grunt

grogner
Meaning
to make a low, rough sound, often when exerting effort or expressing annoyance
Example
He grunted as he lifted the heavy box.
Il grogna en soulevant la boîte lourde.
C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

brûler
Meaning
To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.
Example
The cook accidentally charred the steak.
Le cuisinier a accidentellement brûlé le steak.
C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

conspicueux
Meaning
Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.
Example
Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.
Sa robe rouge la rendait conspicueuse à la fête.
C1 noun /slæb/

slab

dalle
Meaning
a large, thick, flat piece of stone, concrete, or other hard material
Example
The workers laid a concrete slab for the foundation.
Les ouvriers ont posé une dalle de béton pour la fondation.
C1 adjective /rɪˈzɪstɪv/

resistive

résistif
Meaning
tending to resist or oppose; in physics, relating to electrical resistance
Example
The material has resistive properties that slow down current flow.
Le matériau possède des propriétés résistives qui ralentissent le flux de courant.
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsəˈbɪləti/

Sensibility

sensibilité
Meaning
the ability to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity
Example
Her artistic sensibility made her appreciate fine details in paintings.
Sa sensibilité artistique lui a permis d'apprécier les détails fins des peintures.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəl/

incidental

incidentel
Meaning
happening as a minor part or in connection with something else
Example
Incidental expenses like snacks and tips were included in the bill.
Les dépenses incidentelles comme les collations et les pourboires ont été incluses dans la facture.
C1 adjective /ɑːrˈkeɪɪk/

archaic

archaïque
Meaning
very old or old-fashioned; belonging to an earlier time
Example
Some laws are considered archaic and no longer relevant.
Certaines lois sont considérées comme archaïques et ne sont plus pertinentes.
C1 adjective /ˈmaɪndləs/

mindless

insensé
Meaning
without thought or intelligence; done without consideration
Example
He was bored by the mindless tasks at work.
Il était ennuyé par les tâches insensées au travail.
C1 noun rɪˈdʒɛn.ər.ə.tɪv ˈfɑːr.mɪŋ

regenerative farming

agriculture régénérative
Meaning
Agricultural practices that improve soil health and biodiversity.
Example
Regenerative farming improves soil fertility and biodiversity.
L'agriculture régénérative améliore la fertilité du sol et la biodiversité.
C1 verb /ˈmʌmbəl/

mumble

marmonner
Meaning
To speak quietly and not clearly so that words are difficult to understand.
Example
He mumbled an apology before leaving.
Il marmonna des excuses avant de partir.
C1 verb /ˈmɪŋɡl/

mingle

mêler
Meaning
to mix or combine; to move among people and engage socially
Example
Guests mingled at the party, chatting and laughing together.
Les invités se minglaient à la fête, discutant et riant ensemble.
C1 adjective /ˌhaɪ.drəˈpɒn.ɪk/

hydroponic

hydroponique
Meaning
Relating to the process of growing plants in sand, gravel, or liquid, with added nutrients but without soil.
Example
Hydroponic farming allows crops to grow without soil.
L'agriculture hydroponique permet aux cultures de pousser sans sol.
C1 noun esˈθet.ɪks

aesthetics

esthétique
Meaning
A set of principles concerned with the nature and appreciation of beauty, especially in art and design.
Example
Interior design focuses on aesthetics and functionality.
Le design d'intérieur se concentre sur l'esthétique et la fonctionnalité.
C1 adjective prɪˈkeə.ri.əs

precarious

précaire
Meaning
Not securely held or in position; dependent on chance; uncertain.
Example
His financial situation is precarious.
Sa situation financière est précaire.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfjuːz/

infuse

infuser
Meaning
to fill or spread through something; to instill a quality, idea, or feeling
Example
The teacher tried to infuse her students with a love for reading.
Le professeur a essayé d'infuser à ses élèves un amour pour la lecture.
C1 adjective /kəˈθɑːr.tɪk/

cathartic

cathartique
Meaning
Providing psychological relief through the open expression of strong emotions.
Example
Writing about emotions can be a cathartic experience.
Écrire sur les émotions peut être une expérience cathartique.
C1 adjective /hjuːˈmeɪn/

humane

humain
Meaning
Showing compassion or benevolence.
Example
The doctor provided humane treatment to the injured animals.
Le médecin a prodigué un traitement humain aux animaux blessés.
C1 noun /kənˈsɜːvəˌtɔːri/

conservatory

serre / école de musique et d'art
Meaning
A greenhouse for growing plants or a school for music and the arts.
Example
They grew exotic plants in the conservatory.
Ils ont cultivé des plantes exotiques dans la serre.
C1 noun /ˌkɔːriˈɒɡrəfi/

choreography

chorégraphie
Meaning
The art of designing and arranging dances and movements.
Example
The choreography of the ballet was breathtaking.
La chorégraphie du ballet était époustouflante.
C1 noun /truːs/

truce

trêve
Meaning
An agreement between enemies or opponents to stop fighting for a certain time.
Example
The two countries agreed to a truce after weeks of intense fighting.
Les deux pays ont accepté une trêve après des semaines de combats intenses.
C1 adverb /ˈheɪs.tɪ.li/

Hastily

précipitamment
Meaning
in a hurried or rushed manner; quickly and carelessly
Example
She hastily packed her bags before leaving for the airport.
Elle a emballé précipitamment ses sacs avant de partir à l'aéroport.
C1 adjective əsˈtjuːt

astute

astucieux ou perspicace
Meaning
Having or showing an ability to accurately assess situations or people and turn this to one's advantage.
Example
His astute observations helped solve the complex problem.
Ses observations astucieuses ont aidé à résoudre le problème complexe.
C1 noun /trænsˈɡrɛʃən/

transgression

transgression, infraction
Meaning
an act that goes against a law, rule, or code of conduct; a violation or sin
Example
The court forgave his first transgression but warned him not to repeat it.
Le tribunal a pardonné sa première transgression, mais l'a averti de ne pas la répéter.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/

intestine

intestin
Meaning
The part of the digestive system where food is digested and absorbed, extending from the stomach to the anus.
Example
The doctor explained how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.
Le médecin a expliqué comment les nutriments sont absorbés dans l'intestin grêle.
C1 verb /ˈʃækəl/

shackle

chaîner
Meaning
to chain or restrain; to restrict someone’s actions or freedom
Example
Outdated regulations shackle small businesses and slow innovation.
Les anciennes régulations enchaînent les petites entreprises et ralentissent l'innovation.
C1 noun/verb /kroʊˈʃeɪ/

crochet

crochet
Meaning
Needlework made by interlocking loops of thread with a hooked needle; the act of making such items.
Example
She learned how to crochet a scarf for winter.
Elle a appris à faire un pull en laine pour l'hiver.
C1 noun, verb /ˈmæn.deɪt/

mandate

mandat
Meaning
an official order or command; to give someone authority to act in a certain way
Example
The government issued a mandate to reduce carbon emissions.
Le gouvernement a émis un mandat pour réduire les émissions de carbone.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɒlvənt/

insolvent

insolvable
Meaning
unable to pay debts owed
Example
The insolvent firm could not meet its financial obligations.
L'entreprise insolvable n'a pas pu remplir ses obligations financières.
C1 adjective /ˈsɪlkən/

Silken

en soie; doux; lisse;
Meaning
made of silk; smooth and soft like silk
Example
She wore a beautiful silken dress to the party.
Elle portait une belle robe en soie à la fête.
C1 noun stɔːrm ɪnˌtensɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

storm intensification

intensification de la tempête
Meaning
The process by which storms become stronger and more severe in intensity.
Example
Storm intensification is linked to climate change.
L'intensification de la tempête est liée au changement climatique.
C1 noun /ˌdiː.viˈeɪ.ʃən/

Deviation

déviation; éloignement d'une trajectoire établie
Meaning
the action of departing from an established course; a departure from usual standards
Example
Any deviation from the established procedure must be reported immediately.
Toute déviation de la procédure établie doit être signalée immédiatement.
C1 adjective/adverb /ɡəˈlɔːr/

galore

abondant
Meaning
In large amounts; abundant or plentiful.
Example
There were books galore in the old library.
Il y avait des livres en abondance dans la vieille bibliothèque.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪrmənt/

endearment

mot d'affection
Meaning
A word or phrase expressing affection or love.
Example
She whispered a gentle endearment to her child.
Elle a murmuré un mot d'affection à son enfant.
C1 adjective /ˈsɪn.tɪ.leɪ.tɪŋ/

scintillating

scintillant
Meaning
brilliantly clever, exciting, or sparkling
Example
Her scintillating conversation kept everyone entertained.
Sa conversation scintillante a diverti tout le monde.
C1 noun /ɔːˈtɒmətən/

automaton

machine automatique
Meaning
A machine that works automatically; also refers to a person who behaves like a machine, without thinking.
Example
He worked like an automaton, without showing any emotion.
Il travaillait comme un automate, sans montrer aucune émotion.
C1 noun /ˈtʌrɪt/

turret

petite tour sur le sommet d'une tour ou d'un bâtiment plus grand
Meaning
A small tower on top of a larger tower or building, often used in castles or fortifications.
Example
The castle was guarded by soldiers stationed in the turret.
Le château était gardé par des soldats postés dans la tourelle.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈdɔːrnd/

unadorned

simple, sans décorations
Meaning
Plain and simple; not decorated.
Example
The room was unadorned, with only a table and a chair.
La pièce était simple, avec seulement une table et une chaise.
C1 verb /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/

debunk

démystifier, exposer la fausseté de
Meaning
Expose the falseness or hollowness of (a myth, idea, or belief).
Example
Scientists debunked the myth that vaccines cause autism.
Les scientifiques ont démystifié le mythe selon lequel les vaccins causent l'autisme.
C1 verb /snʌb/

snub

mépriser
Meaning
to insult or ignore someone by treating them rudely
Example
He felt hurt when his invitation was snubbed.
Il s'est senti blessé lorsque son invitation a été méprisée.
C1 noun /ˈhæm.lət/

Hamlet

petit hameau
Meaning
a small rural settlement, smaller than a village; a small community
Example
The tiny hamlet nestled in the valley had only a dozen houses and one small church.
Le petit hameau niché dans la vallée n'avait qu'une douzaine de maisons et une petite église.
C1 noun /əˈtaɪər/

attire

vêtement
Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or elegant wear.
Example
She wore traditional attire at the wedding ceremony.
Elle portait un vêtement traditionnel lors de la cérémonie du mariage.
C1 adjective /ˈmɪnəskjuːl/

minuscule

minuscule
Meaning
extremely small in size or importance
Example
She made only a minuscule contribution to the project.
Elle n'a fait qu'une contribution minuscule au projet.
C1 noun /ˌtes.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Testimonial

témoignage
Meaning
a formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications
Example
The professor wrote a glowing testimonial for her former student.
Le professeur a écrit un témoignage élogieux pour son ancienne élève.
C1 adjective /ˈskræpi/

scrappy

combattant / en désordre
Meaning
Determined and willing to fight or argue; also messy or disorganized.
Example
Despite being small, he was a scrappy fighter.
Malgré sa petite taille, il était un combattant déterminé.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsiːmli/

unseemly

indécent
Meaning
Not proper or appropriate in behavior or appearance; unbecoming.
Example
His unseemly remarks embarrassed everyone at the dinner table.
Ses remarques indécentes ont embarrassé tout le monde à la table du dîner.
C1 noun /ʃəˈreɪd/

charade

farce, jeu de mimes
Meaning
an absurd pretense or act intended to deceive; also a word-guessing game
Example
The trial was nothing more than a political charade.
Le procès n'était rien d'autre qu'une farce politique.
C1 adjective /ˌsuːɪˈsaɪdəl/

Suicidal

suicidaire
Meaning
relating to or having thoughts of killing oneself; extremely dangerous or harmful
Example
The reckless driving was suicidal behavior.
La conduite imprudente était un comportement suicidaire.
C1 noun /ˈɑːrməri/

armory

armurerie
Meaning
A place where weapons are stored; a supply of resources or skills.
Example
The soldiers kept their weapons in the armory.
Les soldats ont gardé leurs armes dans l'armurerie.
C1 verb, noun /ˈɡrɪməs/

grimace

grimace
Meaning
to make an ugly, twisted expression on one's face, usually in disgust or pain
Example
He grimaced when he tasted the sour fruit.
Il grimace lorsqu'il goûta le fruit aigre.
C1 adjective /ˈstɛr.aɪl/

sterile

stérile
Meaning
Free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; incapable of producing offspring.
Example
The surgeon worked in a sterile environment to avoid infection.
Le chirurgien a travaillé dans un environnement stérile pour éviter l'infection.
C1 adjective /ˈneɪzl/

nasal

nasal
Meaning
Relating to the nose; a sound produced through the nose.
Example
He spoke with a nasal voice due to his cold.
Il a parlé avec une voix nasale à cause de son rhume.
C1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈrɔt/

overwrought

agité / excessivement nerveux
Meaning
extremely agitated or nervous; excessively elaborate
Example
She was too overwrought to speak clearly after the accident.
Elle était trop agité pour parler clairement après l'accident.
C1 adjective /ˈɡrændioʊs/

grandiose

grandiose
Meaning
Impressive or magnificent in appearance or style, often pretentiously so.
Example
He had grandiose plans of building a futuristic city in the desert.
Il avait des projets grandioses de construire une ville futuriste dans le désert.
C1 noun /ˈstreɪnər/

Strainer

passoire
Meaning
a device having holes punched in it or made of crossed wires for separating solid matter from a liquid
Example
Use a strainer to drain the pasta water.
Utilisez une passoire pour égoutter l'eau des pâtes.
C1 adjective /daɪˈvɜːrsɪfaɪd/

diversified

diversifié
Meaning
Made or having variety in form, nature, or content.
Example
The company adopted a diversified business strategy to reduce risks.
L'entreprise a adopté une stratégie commerciale diversifiée pour réduire les risques.
C1 noun /ˌhoʊmiˈɑːpəθi/

homeopathy

homéopathie
Meaning
a system of alternative medicine based on treating diseases with highly diluted substances
Example
He believes in homeopathy for treating common colds.
Il croit en l'homéopathie pour traiter les rhumes.
C1 noun /ˈwɪzərdri/

wizardry

magie habile
Meaning
The art or practice of magic; great skill or expertise in something.
Example
The programmer's wizardry amazed everyone in the room.
La sorcellerie du programmeur a étonné tout le monde dans la salle.
C1 adjective /kəˈmɛmərətɪv/

commemorative

commémoratif
Meaning
Serving as a reminder or in honor of a person or event.
Example
They issued a commemorative coin for the independence anniversary.
Ils ont émis une pièce commémorative pour l'anniversaire de l'indépendance.
C1 adjective /ˈfɪk.əl/

Fickle

changeant; instable; capricieux;
Meaning
changeable; inconstant; liable to sudden unpredictable change
Example
His fickle nature made it hard to trust his promises.
Sa nature changeante a rendu difficile la confiance dans ses promesses.
C1 adjective /ˈfrɛn.zid/

frenzied

frenétique
Meaning
Wildly excited or uncontrolled
Example
The frenzied crowd cheered as the band took the stage.
La foule frénétique a acclamé lorsque le groupe monta sur scène.
C1 noun /ˌsɒl.jʊˈbɪləti/

solubility

solubilité
Meaning
The ability of a substance to dissolve in a solvent.
Example
The solubility of salt in water is high.
La solubilité du sel dans l'eau est élevée.
C1 adverb /ˈhɒtli/

hotly

avec colère
Meaning
in an intense, angry, or passionate way
Example
She hotly denied the accusations.
Elle a nié les accusations avec colère.
C1 verb /ˈbʌŋɡəl/

bungle

embrouiller
Meaning
To carry out a task clumsily or incompetently.
Example
He bungled the presentation and confused the audience.
Il a embrouillé la présentation et a confondu l'audience.
C1 noun /klaʊt/

clout

influence
Meaning
influence or power, especially in politics or business
Example
The businessman has a lot of political clout.
L'homme d'affaires a beaucoup d'influence politique.
C1 noun/verb /stæmˈpiːd/

stampede

panique générale
Meaning
A sudden, uncontrolled rush of people or animals; to cause a mass movement.
Example
The loud noise caused a stampede of the crowd.
Le bruit fort a causé une stampede de la foule.
C1 noun /rɪˈvɜːrʒən/

reversion

réversion
Meaning
the act of returning to a previous state or condition
Example
The new policy marked a reversion to traditional methods.
La nouvelle politique a marqué une réversion vers des méthodes traditionnelles.
C1 verb rɪˈplɛn.ɪʃ

replenish

reconstituer
Meaning
Fill something up again.
Example
Drinking water helps replenish lost fluids in the body.
Boire de l'eau aide à reconstituer les liquides perdus dans le corps.
C1 adjective /nɪˈɡoʊ.ʃi.ə.bəl/

negotiable

négociable
Meaning
Open to discussion or modification; capable of being bargained for.
Example
The salary offered is negotiable.
Le salaire offert est négociable.
C1 adjective /ˌhɑːrdˈhɑːrtɪd/

hard-hearted

insensible
Meaning
showing no kindness or sympathy; cruel
Example
The landlord was hard-hearted and refused to help the poor family.
Le propriétaire était insensible et a refusé d'aider la pauvre famille.
C1 noun /ˈvæɡ.ə.bɒnd/

Vagabond

vagabond; sans-abri
Meaning
a person who has no home or job and travels from place to place
Example
The old vagabond wandered through the streets looking for food.
Le vieux vagabond errait dans les rues à la recherche de nourriture.
C1 verb /ˈɒs.ɪ.leɪt/

oscillate

se balancer ou se déplacer d'un point à un autre entre deux états
Meaning
To swing or move back and forth between two points or states
Example
The stock market tends to oscillate during uncertain times.
Le marché boursier a tendance à osciller pendant les périodes incertaines.
C1 noun /ˈlaɪk.nəs/

Likeness

ressemblance; similitude
Meaning
the fact or quality of being alike; resemblance; a portrait or representation
Example
The portrait shows a strong likeness to her grandmother.
Le portrait montre une forte ressemblance avec sa grand-mère.
C1 noun /ˈblʌd.ʃed/

Bloodshed

effusion de sang; massacres
Meaning
the killing or wounding of people, typically in large numbers during a conflict
Example
The peace treaty was signed to prevent further bloodshed.
Le traité de paix a été signé pour prévenir d'autres effusions de sang.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvaɪzəbl/

inadvisable

déconseillé
Meaning
Not recommended; likely to have undesirable consequences.
Example
It is inadvisable to drive in such heavy rain.
Il est déconseillé de conduire sous une telle pluie forte.
C1 adjective ɔːɡˈmen.tɪd

augmented

augmenté, amélioré, élargi
Meaning
having been made greater in size or value.
Example
The new software provided augmented reality features.
Le nouveau logiciel a fourni des fonctionnalités de réalité augmentée.
C1 verb /pərˈteɪn/

pertain

concerner
Meaning
to relate or have reference to something
Example
The rules pertain to all students in the school.
Les règles concernent tous les élèves de l'école.
C1 noun ˈmiːdiə ˈdɒmɪnəns

media dominance

domination des médias
Meaning
The control and powerful influence that media has over communication and information distribution in society.
Example
The internet has enhanced media dominance globally.
Internet a renforcé la domination des médias à l'échelle mondiale.
C1 noun ˈɪn.fər.əns

inference

inférence
Meaning
A conclusion reached on the basis of evidence and reasoning; logical deduction.
Example
Scientists make inferences based on experimental data.
Les scientifiques font des inférences basées sur des données expérimentales.
C1 noun /əˈbændənmənt/

abandonment

abandon
Meaning
the act of leaving someone or something behind completely; the state of being deserted
Example
The child suffered deep emotional pain because of abandonment.
L’enfant a souffert d’une profonde douleur émotionnelle à cause de l’abandon.
C1 verb /stoʊk/

stoke

attiser le feu; encourager ou augmenter un sentiment ou une activité forte
Meaning
To add fuel to a fire; to encourage or increase a strong feeling or activity.
Example
The politician’s speech stoked anger among the crowd.
Le discours du politicien a enflammé la colère parmi la foule.
C1 verb /ˈmɜːrmər/

murmur

murmurer
Meaning
To say something in a low, soft, or indistinct voice.
Example
She murmured a prayer before going to sleep.
Elle murmura une prière avant de s'endormir.
C1 verb /ʃɪə/

shear

couper
Meaning
to cut the wool off a sheep or to cut something with sharp tools like scissors or shears
Example
The farmer will shear the sheep in the spring.
L'agriculteur shear le mouton au printemps.
C1 verb /ˈmæd.ən/

madden

rendre fou
Meaning
To make someone very angry or extremely annoyed.
Example
The constant noise maddened him.
Le bruit constant l'a rendu fou.
C1 verb /brɔɪl/

broil

griller
Meaning
To cook food by direct heat, usually under a grill or over a fire.
Example
She broiled the chicken until it was golden brown.
Elle a rôti le poulet jusqu'à ce qu'il devienne doré.
C1 verb /ˈtɑːrnɪʃ/

tarnish

ternir
Meaning
To lose luster, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture; to damage reputation.
Example
The silver jewelry tarnished quickly when left in the open air.
Les bijoux en argent se sont ternis rapidement lorsqu'ils ont été laissés à l'air libre.
C1 adjective /rɪˈsɔːrs ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

resource-efficient

économe en ressources
Meaning
Using resources in a way that minimizes waste and maximizes productivity.
Example
Resource-efficient farming conserves water and energy.
L'agriculture économe en ressources conserve l'eau et l'énergie.
C1 verb /kəˈluːd/

collude

comploter
Meaning
To secretly cooperate or conspire with others, often for a deceitful purpose.
Example
The two companies colluded to fix prices in the market.
Les deux entreprises ont comploté pour fixer les prix sur le marché.
C1 noun səˈlɪnɪti ɪnˈtruːʒən

salinity intrusion

intrusion de salinité
Meaning
The movement of salt water into freshwater areas, typically affecting coastal regions.
Example
Salinity intrusion affects coastal regions.
L'intrusion de salinité affecte les régions côtières.
C1 noun /ˈpɛntəɡən/

pentagon

pentagone
Meaning
A plane figure with five straight sides and five angles; also refers to the US Department of Defense building.
Example
The Pentagon is one of the most iconic government buildings in the United States.
Le Pentagone est l'un des bâtiments gouvernementaux les plus emblématiques des États-Unis.
C1 noun /əbˈdʒɛktər/

objector

opposant
Meaning
a person who expresses opposition or disapproval to something
Example
The objector raised his concerns during the town meeting.
L'opposant a exprimé ses préoccupations lors de la réunion municipale.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈteɪnəbl/

unattainable

inaccessible
Meaning
impossible to achieve, reach, or accomplish
Example
For many, becoming a professional athlete remains an unattainable dream.
Pour beaucoup, devenir un athlète professionnel reste un rêve inaccessible.
C1 noun /ˈɒf.sprɪŋ/

offspring

progéniture
Meaning
a person's child or children; an animal's young
Example
The bird carefully fed its offspring.
L'oiseau a nourri soigneusement sa progéniture.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvɪŋ/

unbelieving

incrédule
Meaning
Not willing or able to believe; skeptical or doubtful
Example
She gave him an unbelieving look when he claimed to have met a celebrity.
Elle lui a lancé un regard incrédule lorsqu'il a affirmé avoir rencontré une célébrité.
C1 noun /kʌˈstoʊ.di.ən/

Custodian

concierge; gardien; gestionnaire
Meaning
a person who has responsibility for or looks after something; a caretaker or guardian
Example
The school custodian ensures that all buildings are clean and secure.
Le concierge de l'école veille à ce que tous les bâtiments soient propres et sécurisés.
C1 verb /pəˈruːz/

peruse

bonheur
Meaning
to read something carefully and thoroughly; sometimes used to mean to browse casually
Example
She sat down to peruse the contract before signing it.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun ˌtraɪ.bjuˈnæl əv ˈdʒʌs.tɪs

tribunal of justice

tribunal de justice
Meaning
A court of justice or judicial body that settles disputes or tries offenses.
Example
The Tribunal of Justice started the hearings promptly.
Le tribunal de justice a commencé les auditions immédiatement.
C1 adjective skiˈmæt.ɪk

Schematic

relatif à un schéma ou bref
Meaning
Presenting some framework or concept briefly
Example
The engineer provided a schematic diagram of the project.
L'ingénieur a fourni un diagramme schématique du projet.
C1 adjective /ˌjuːnɪˈsɛljʊlər/

unicellular

unicellulaire
Meaning
Consisting of a single cell.
Example
Amoebas are unicellular organisms.
Les amibes sont des organismes unicellulaires.
C1 noun /rɪˈpɑːzɪtɔːri/

repository

dépôt
Meaning
a place where things are stored or kept for safekeeping
Example
The library serves as a repository of knowledge.
La bibliothèque sert de dépôt de savoir.
C1 noun /ˌkæm.əˈrɑː.dɚ.i/

camaraderie

camaraderie, amitié, solidarité
Meaning
Mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together.
Example
The camaraderie among teammates was inspiring.
La camaraderie entre les coéquipiers était inspirante.
C1 adjective /flæmˈbɔɪənt/

flamboyant

flamboyant, coloré ou confiant
Meaning
showy, strikingly bold or colorful; confident and lively
Example
His flamboyant style drew everyone's attention at the party.
Son style flamboyant a attiré l'attention de tout le monde à la fête.
C1 adjective /bɪˈriːvd/

Bereaved

endeuillé
Meaning
having lost a loved one through death
Example
The bereaved family received many condolences.
La famille endeuillée a reçu de nombreuses condoléances.
C1 verb /ˈmedɪkeɪt/

medicate

médicamenter
Meaning
to treat with medicine; to give drugs to someone for medical purposes
Example
The doctor will medicate the patient to reduce inflammation.
Le docteur medicinera le patient pour réduire l'inflammation.
C1 verb /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/

augment

augmenter
Meaning
To increase or strengthen something.
Example
The company plans to augment its workforce.
L'entreprise prévoit d'augmenter sa main-d'œuvre.
C1 noun /ˈrɛspɪt/

respite

répit
Meaning
A short period of rest or relief from something difficult or unpleasant.
Example
The weekend provided a welcome respite from work.
Le week-end a offert un répit bienvenu du travail.
C1 adjective /sɪˈnɒnɪməs/

synonymous

synonyme
Meaning
having the same or nearly the same meaning; closely associated with something
Example
For many people, her name is synonymous with generosity.
Pour beaucoup de gens, son nom est synonyme de générosité.
C1 noun /ˈbeɪsbɔːrd/

baseboard

plinthe
Meaning
A narrow board running along the bottom of an interior wall, covering the joint between wall and floor.
Example
The carpenter painted the baseboard white.
Le menuisier a peint la plinthe en blanc.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒzməˈpɒlɪtən/

cosmopolitan

cosmopolite
Meaning
familiar with and at ease in many different countries and cultures
Example
He has a cosmopolitan outlook due to his extensive travels.
Il a une perspective cosmopolite grâce à ses nombreux voyages.
C1 noun /toʊm/

tome

gros livre
Meaning
a large, heavy book, often scholarly or serious in nature
Example
She spent the afternoon reading an old tome on medieval history.
Elle a passé l'après-midi à lire un vieux gros livre sur l'histoire médiévale.
C1 noun /ˈprɒdɪdʒi/

prodigy

prodige
Meaning
a person, especially a young one, with exceptional talents or abilities
Example
Mozart was a child prodigy in music.
Mozart était un prodige enfant en musique.
C1 noun /ˈaɪ.wɪt.nəs/

Eyewitness

témoin oculaire
Meaning
a person who has seen something happen and can give evidence about it
Example
The police interviewed several eyewitnesses to the accident.
La police a interrogé plusieurs témoins oculaires de l'accident.
C1 noun ɪnˌɛv.ɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

inevitability

inévitabilité
Meaning
The quality of being certain to happen and impossible to avoid or prevent.
Example
The inevitability of change is a part of life.
L'inévitabilité du changement fait partie de la vie.
C1 noun /ˈstɪm.jʊ.laɪ/

stimuli

stimulant
Meaning
Things that create reactions or provide motivation.
Example
Bright light and loud sounds are common stimuli for alertness.
La lumière brillante et les bruits forts sont des stimuli courants pour la vigilance.