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C2 noun /ˈvɛləm/

vellum

parchemin
Meaning
a fine parchment made originally from the skin of a calf, used for writing or printing
Example
The ancient manuscript was written on vellum.
Le manuscrit ancien a été écrit sur du parchemin.
C1 noun /nɔːrm/

Norm

norme; standard; règle; tradition
Meaning
a standard of behavior; what is typical or expected
Example
Working late has become the norm in this company.
Travailler tard est devenu la norme dans cette entreprise.
B2 noun ˌdiː.fɒr.ɪˈsteɪ.ʃən

deforestation

déforestation
Meaning
The action of clearing a wide area of trees; the permanent destruction of forests in order to make the land available for other uses.
Example
Deforestation accelerates the loss of biodiversity.
La déforestation accélère la perte de biodiversité.
B1 noun ɪɡˈzek.jə.tɪv

executive

exécutif
Meaning
The branch of government responsible for implementing and enforcing laws.
Example
The executive body enforces policies.
L'organe exécutif applique les politiques.
B2 adverb /ˌæksɪˈdɛntəli/

accidentally

accidentellement
Meaning
happening by chance or unexpectedly
Example
He accidentally dropped the glass.
Il a accidentellement fait tomber le verre.
C1 adjective /rɪˈpliːt/

replete

replet
Meaning
Filled or well-supplied with something; abundantly full.
Example
The book is replete with fascinating historical details.
Le livre est replet de détails historiques fascinants.
B2 noun /kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/

Consumption

consommation
Meaning
The using up of a resource or the amount of a product consumed by consumers.
Example
High energy consumption leads to increased electricity bills.
Une forte consommation d'énergie entraîne une augmentation des factures d'électricité.
C1 adjective /ˈlɛdʒəbl/

legible

lisible
Meaning
clear enough to read
Example
Her handwriting was barely legible.
Son écriture était presque illisible.
C2 adjective /kwəʊˈtɪdiən/

quotidian

quotidien, ordinaire
Meaning
Ordinary or everyday, especially when mundane.
Example
He focused on the quotidian details of family life.
Il s'est concentré sur les détails quotidiens de la vie familiale.
C1 adjective /sɪmˈfɒnɪk/

symphonic

symphonique
Meaning
relating to or having the character of a symphony or symphony orchestra
Example
The concert featured a symphonic masterpiece.
Le concert a présenté un chef-d'œuvre symphonique.
C2 noun /spɪˈlʌŋkər/

spelunker

spéléologue
Meaning
A person who explores caves as a hobby.
Example
The spelunker carried ropes and lights into the dark cave.
Le spéléologue a emporté des cordes et des lumières dans la grotte sombre.
C1 noun /weɪ/

Whey

lactosérum
Meaning
the watery part of milk that separates from the curds when making cheese
Example
Whey protein is popular among athletes and bodybuilders.
La protéine de lactosérum est populaire parmi les athlètes et les culturistes.
C2 adjective /ˈreɪ.moʊs/

ramose

ramifié
Meaning
having many branches.
Example
The ramose tree shaded the entire garden.
L'arbre ramifié ombragea tout le jardin.
C1 noun /ˈsɒl.ɪs/

Solace

réconfort
Meaning
comfort or consolation in a time of distress or sadness
Example
She found solace in music after her loss.
Elle a trouvé du réconfort dans la musique après sa perte.
B2 adjective /ˈmæn.ju.əl/

Manual

manuel
Meaning
done by hand; operated by hand; not automatic
Example
This is a manual process that requires careful attention.
C'est un processus manuel qui nécessite une attention particulière.
C2 noun /ˈsɛpəlˌtʃər/

Sepulture

tombeau; sépulture;
Meaning
the act of burying a dead body; burial; a grave or tomb
Example
The ancient king's sepulture was discovered by archaeologists.
Le sépulcre du roi ancien a été découvert par les archéologues.
A2 adverb /ˈseɪf.li/

Safely

en toute sécurité
Meaning
in a safe manner; without danger or risk
Example
Drive safely on the icy road.
Conduisez prudemment sur la route glacée.
B2 verb /maɪˈɡreɪt/

migrate

migrer
Meaning
To move from one region or habitat to another, especially regularly according to the seasons or for work.
Example
Birds migrate south during the winter.
Les oiseaux migrent vers le sud pendant l'hiver.
C2 noun /ˌniːoʊˈlætɪn/

neo-latin

néo-latin
Meaning
The use of Latin language for scholarly, scientific, and literary purposes after the medieval period.
Example
Many scientific names are derived from Neo-Latin.
De nombreux noms scientifiques sont dérivés du néo-latin.
B2 noun /ˈvɪɡ.ər/

Vigour

force physique et bonne santé; effort, énergie et enthousiasme
Meaning
physical strength and good health; effort, energy, and enthusiasm
Example
She approached her work with renewed vigour after the vacation.
Après les vacances, elle a abordé son travail avec un nouveau vigoureux élan.
C2 adjective /ˈfɛkləs/

feckless

inefficace, irresponsable
Meaning
lacking initiative or strength of character; irresponsible
Example
His feckless attitude at work caused several missed deadlines.
Son attitude inefficace au travail a causé plusieurs délais manqués.
B1 verb /dɪˈpɛndɪŋ/

depending

dépendre
Meaning
Being contingent on or influenced by something.
Example
The success of the plan is depending on the team's effort.
Le succès du plan dépend de l'effort de l'équipe.
B1 adjective /ˈbælənst/

balanced

équilibré
Meaning
keeping or showing a sensible and fair view or position; evenly arranged
Example
A balanced diet is essential for good health.
Un régime alimentaire équilibré est essentiel pour une bonne santé.
C1 verb /ˈmæd.ən/

madden

rendre fou
Meaning
To make someone very angry or extremely annoyed.
Example
The constant noise maddened him.
Le bruit constant l'a rendu fou.
C1 noun /sɪˈkluːʒən/

seclusion

isolement
Meaning
The state of being private, away from other people.
Example
She spent the weekend in complete seclusion in her cabin.
Elle a passé le week-end en complète isolement dans sa cabine.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/

impatiently

impatiemment
Meaning
in a manner showing annoyance or restlessness due to delay or waiting
Example
She tapped her fingers impatiently while waiting for the reply.
Elle tapotait des doigts impatiemment en attendant la réponse.
B2 noun /wɜːrld ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt deɪ/

World Environment Day

Journée mondiale de l'environnement
Meaning
An annual global event celebrated on June 5 to raise awareness about environmental protection and encourage action for environmental conservation.
Example
World Environment Day is celebrated every year on June 5.
La Journée mondiale de l'environnement est célébrée chaque année le 5 juin.
C1 noun ˌhaɪ.droʊˈpɒn.ɪks

hydroponics

hydroponie
Meaning
Growing plants using nutrient-rich water instead of soil.
Example
Hydroponics allows crops to grow without soil.
L'hydroponie permet aux cultures de pousser sans sol.
C2 adjective /ˈbæti/

batty

fou
Meaning
crazy or eccentric in behavior
Example
The old man down the street is a bit batty but harmless.
Le vieil homme dans la rue est un peu fou mais inoffensif.
C2 noun /ˈɡɔːntlɪt/

gauntlet

gant / défi
Meaning
a protective glove; a challenge or trial; to 'throw down the gauntlet' means to issue a challenge
Example
The knight threw down his gauntlet as a sign of challenge.
Le chevalier jeta son gant comme signe de défi.
B1 noun /ˈɛər.kræft/

aircraft

aéronef
Meaning
A vehicle, such as an airplane or helicopter, that can fly in the air.
Example
The military aircraft flew over the city.
L'aéronef militaire a survolé la ville.
C2 noun /ˈɪəri/

eyry

nid d'oiseau de proie
Meaning
an alternative spelling of eyrie; a nest of a bird of prey
Example
The falcon guarded its eyry fiercely.
Le faucon a défendu son nid férocement.
C1 verb /ʌnˈmɑːsk/

unmask

démasquer
Meaning
to remove a mask or covering; to reveal the true identity, nature, or intentions of someone or something
Example
The investigation helped unmask the real culprit behind the crime.
L’enquête a permis de démasquer le vrai coupable du crime.
B1 noun /ˈprɛɡnənsi/

pregnancy

grossesse
Meaning
the condition of being pregnant; the period during which a woman carries a developing fetus
Example
Her pregnancy was carefully monitored by her doctor.
Sa grossesse a été soigneusement suivie par son médecin.
B1 noun ˈwɔː.mɪŋ

warming

réchauffement
Meaning
The process of becoming warmer; an increase in temperature.
Example
Warming is accelerating due to greenhouse gases.
Le réchauffement s'accélère en raison des gaz à effet de serre.
B1 noun /ˌɡrædʒ.uˈeɪ.ʃən/

graduation

bonheur
Meaning
the act of receiving a degree or diploma after completing a course of study
Example
Her parents attended her graduation ceremony with pride.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun (plural) /ˈɪndɪˌsiːz/

indices

indices
Meaning
plural form of index; statistical measures or reference points used for comparison
Example
Stock market indices fell sharply after the announcement.
Les indices du marché boursier ont chuté fortement après l'annonce.
C1 adjective /ˌkætəˈklɪzmɪk/

cataclysmic

cataclysmique
Meaning
Relating to or denoting a violent natural event or upheaval.
Example
The war had cataclysmic effects on the nation's economy.
La guerre a eu des effets cataclysmiques sur l'économie du pays.
C2 adjective /ʌkˈsɔːriəs/

uxorious

excessivement dévoué à sa femme
Meaning
excessively fond of or submissive to one's wife
Example
He was so uxorious that he agreed with everything his wife said.
Il était tellement uxorien qu'il était d'accord avec tout ce que sa femme disait.
B2 verb /səbˈmɪt/

submit

soumettre
Meaning
to present for consideration; to surrender; to yield
Example
Please submit your assignment by Friday.
Veuillez soumettre votre devoir d'ici vendredi.
C1 adjective /ˈplʌk.i/

plucky

courageux
Meaning
having or showing courage and determination
Example
The plucky child rescued the kitten from the tree.
L'enfant courageux a sauvé le chaton de l'arbre.
C2 noun /ˈɛksplɪkeɪtər/

explicator

explicateur
Meaning
a person who explains or interprets something in detail
Example
The critic served as an explicator of the poet’s complex works.
Le critique a servi d'explicateur des œuvres complexes du poète.
C1 verb /hɔːl/

haul

traîner
Meaning
to pull or drag something heavy with effort
Example
The workers hauled the boxes into the truck.
Les travailleurs ont traîné les boîtes dans le camion.
C1 noun /ʌnkənˈsɜːrn/

Unconcern

désintérêt
Meaning
lack of worry or interest; indifference
Example
She showed complete unconcern about the criticism.
Elle a montré un total désintérêt face à la critique.
C1 noun /waɪld bɔːr/

Wild-Boar

sanglier sauvage
Meaning
a wild pig that lives in forests and has long curved teeth
Example
The wild boar ran through the forest quickly.
Le sanglier sauvage a couru rapidement à travers la forêt.
C1 noun /ˈhɜː.mɪt/

Hermit

une personne vivant dans la solitude comme une discipline religieuse; quelqu'un qui se retire de la société
Meaning
a person living in solitude as a religious discipline; someone who withdraws from society
Example
The old hermit lived alone in a small cabin deep in the mountains, away from civilization.
Le vieux ermite vivait seul dans une petite cabane au fond des montagnes, loin de la civilisation.
B2 verb /dɪˈstɔːrt/

distort

distordre
Meaning
to twist or change the shape, appearance, or meaning of something so it is not true or accurate
Example
The mirror distorted her reflection.
Le miroir a distordu son reflet.
A2 noun /məˈʃiːn/

machine

machine
Meaning
A device with moving parts that uses energy to perform a particular task.
Example
This washing machine is very efficient.
Cette machine à laver est très efficace.
C2 noun /ˈɔːldərmən/

alderman

membre du conseil municipal
Meaning
An elected member of a municipal council in certain cities and towns.
Example
The alderman proposed a new plan for community parks.
L'adjoint au maire a proposé un nouveau plan pour les parcs communautaires.
C1 verb /ˈsʌkɪŋ/

sucking

sucer
Meaning
Drawing in a liquid, air, or other substance through the mouth or a tube by creating a vacuum; also used figuratively for something unpleasant or ineffective
Example
The baby is sucking on a pacifier.
Le bébé suce une tétine.
C2 adjective /ʌnəˈpiːzd/

unappeased

insatisfait
Meaning
Not satisfied or calmed; still feeling discontent or anger
Example
Despite the apology, she remained unappeased.
Malgré les excuses, elle est restée insatisfaite.
C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

coffre-fort / sauter
Meaning
A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.
Example
The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.
La banque a gardé ses lingots d'or dans une voûte sécurisée.
B1 noun /tʌn/

ton

tonne
Meaning
A unit of weight equal to 2,000 pounds (US) or 1,000 kilograms (metric); a large amount of something
Example
The truck carried a ton of apples to the market.
Le camion a transporté une tonne de pommes au marché.
C2 noun /ˌræproʊʃˈmɑːn/

rapprochement

réconciliation
Meaning
The establishment or resumption of harmonious relations.
Example
The two countries signed an agreement that marked a new rapprochement.
Les deux pays ont signé un accord marquant un nouveau rapprochement.
A1 verb /stænd/

stand

se tenir debout
Meaning
to be in an upright position; to tolerate or endure
Example
Please stand up when the teacher enters.
Veuillez vous lever lorsque l'enseignant entre.
B2 adverb /pəˈlɪtɪkəli/

politically

politiquement
Meaning
in a way that relates to politics or government
Example
The country is politically divided between two major parties.
Le pays est politiquement divisé entre deux grands partis.
B2 adjective /ʌn.rɪˈleɪ.tɪd/

Unrelated

sans rapport; non lié
Meaning
having no connection or relationship; not connected by family ties
Example
The two incidents were completely unrelated to each other.
Les deux incidents étaient complètement sans rapport entre eux.
C1 noun /pəˈtɜːrnəti/

paternity

paternité
Meaning
The state of being someone's father.
Example
He demanded a paternity test to confirm his relationship with the child.
Il a exigé un test de paternité pour confirmer sa relation avec l'enfant.
C2 verb /fleɪ/

flay

enlever la peau/criticiser sévèrement
Meaning
to strip off the skin of something or criticize severely
Example
The chef flayed the fish before cooking it.
Le chef a enlevé la peau du poisson avant de le cuisiner.
C1 noun ˌriːˌvaɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

revitalization

revitalisation
Meaning
The action of giving new life and vitality to something.
Example
Proper rest and nutrition lead to revitalization of the body.
Un repos adéquat et une bonne nutrition conduisent à la revitalisation du corps.
C2 noun /ˈpriːsɛpt/

precept

précepte
Meaning
A general rule intended to regulate behavior or thought.
Example
Honesty is a fundamental precept in all religions.
L'honnêteté est un précepte fondamental dans toutes les religions.
B2 noun /ɒpˈtɪʃən/

optician

opticien
Meaning
A person who makes or sells glasses and contact lenses.
Example
The optician adjusted my new glasses to fit better.
L'opticien a ajusté mes nouvelles lunettes pour qu'elles s'ajustent mieux.
C1 adjective /kɪˈnɛtɪk/

kinetic

cinétique
Meaning
Relating to or resulting from motion.
Example
Kinetic energy increases as the object moves faster.
L'énergie cinétique augmente à mesure que l'objet se déplace plus vite.
A2 noun /ˈkʌm.fərt/

Comfort

confort; commodité
Meaning
a state of physical ease and freedom from pain or constraint; relief from distress or anxiety
Example
The soft sofa provided great comfort after a long day at work.
Le canapé doux a apporté un grand confort après une longue journée de travail.
A2 verb /fraɪ/

fry

frire
Meaning
to cook food in hot oil or fat
Example
She fries eggs for breakfast every morning.
Elle fait frire des œufs pour le petit-déjeuner tous les matins.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

valeur; prix; importance
Meaning
the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth
Example
This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.
Ce vase ancien a une grande valeur sentimentale pour notre famille.
B2 verb /ˈsɒfən/

soften

ramollir
Meaning
to make or become less hard, severe, or strong.
Example
Heat will soften the butter quickly.
La chaleur ramollira le beurre rapidement.
B1 noun /təˈbækoʊ/

tobacco

tabac
Meaning
a plant grown for its leaves, which are used in making cigarettes and cigars
Example
He stopped smoking tobacco after his health scare.
Il a arrêté de fumer du tabac après ses problèmes de santé.
B2 adjective /ˈkrɒnɪk/

chronic

chronique
Meaning
Lasting for a long time or constantly recurring, often describing illness.
Example
She suffers from chronic back pain.
Elle souffre de douleurs chroniques au dos.
B2 noun əˈmend.mənts

amendments

modifications
Meaning
Changes or additions made to improve a text, law, or constitution.
Example
Amendments reflect evolving public needs.
Les modifications reflètent les besoins publics évolutifs.
C1 noun /ˈpɪɡmənt/

pigment

pigment
Meaning
a natural or artificial substance used to give color to something
Example
The artist mixed different pigments to create the perfect shade of blue.
L'artiste a mélangé différents pigments pour créer la teinte parfaite de bleu.
C1 verb /rɪˈnaʊns/

renounce

renoncer
Meaning
to formally declare rejection of something, such as a claim, belief, or way of life
Example
She renounced her citizenship to move abroad permanently.
Elle a renoncé à sa citoyenneté pour s'installer définitivement à l'étranger.
C2 verb /bɪˈθɪŋk/

bethink

se souvenir
Meaning
to cause oneself to consider or remember something
Example
He bethought himself of the promise he had made.
Il se souvint de la promesse qu'il avait faite.
C2 adjective /ˈhoʊm.spʌn/

homespun

fait maison
Meaning
Simple and unsophisticated; made at home rather than in a factory.
Example
She wore a homespun dress to the village festival.
Elle portait une robe faite maison au festival du village.
B2 adjective /əˈbʌndənt/

abundant

abondant
Meaning
existing or available in large quantities; plentiful
Example
The garden was abundant with colorful flowers.
Le jardin était plein de fleurs colorées.
B2 noun /ɪkˈskluːʒən/

exclusion

exclusion
Meaning
The process or state of being left out or denied access.
Example
The policy led to the exclusion of certain groups.
La politique a conduit à l'exclusion de certains groupes.
B2 adjective /hɑːrʃ/

Harsh

dur; rugueux; cruel; sévère
Meaning
unpleasantly hard or rough in texture; cruel or severe
Example
The teacher gave harsh criticism about my work.
Le professeur a donné des critiques sévères sur mon travail.
C2 noun /juː/

Ewe

brebis
Meaning
a female sheep
Example
The ewe gave birth to twin lambs.
La brebis a donné naissance à des jumeaux agneaux.
B2 adjective ʌnˈprɛsɪˌdɛntɪd

unprecedented

sans précédent
Meaning
Never done or known before; without previous example.
Example
Unprecedented advancements in science changed human lives.
Les avancées sans précédent en science ont changé la vie humaine.
C1 adverb /ˈæmpli/

amply

amplement
Meaning
more than sufficiently; generously
Example
She was amply rewarded for her hard work.
Elle a été généreusement récompensée pour son travail acharné.
A2 noun /brænd/

brand

marque
Meaning
a type of product manufactured by a company under a particular name
Example
Nike is a popular brand of sportswear.
Nike est une marque populaire de vêtements de sport.
B1 noun /ˈnɜːrsəri/

nursery

crèche
Meaning
a room or place where young children are cared for
Example
She works in a nursery, taking care of infants.
Elle travaille dans une crèche, s'occupant des nourrissons.
C1 adjective /ˈfɛrəl/

feral

sauvage
Meaning
existing in a wild or untamed state; not domesticated
Example
The feral cat roamed the streets at night.
Le chat sauvage errait dans les rues la nuit.
C1 noun /ʌnɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

unimportance

insignifiance
Meaning
the state or quality of being insignificant or not important
Example
He dismissed the issue with a sense of unimportance.
Il a rejeté la question avec un sentiment de non-importance.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

pâle
Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
Son visage est devenu pâle lorsqu'il a entendu la terrible nouvelle.
C2 noun /ˈwɔːrˌmʌŋɡər/

warmonger

belliciste
Meaning
A person who advocates or promotes war or conflict.
Example
The leader was criticized as a warmonger by his opponents.
Le leader a été critiqué comme un belliciste par ses opposants.
C1 noun /mɪˈlɪʃə/

militia

milice
Meaning
a group of ordinary people who are trained to act as soldiers in emergencies
Example
The village formed a militia to defend against attacks.
Le village a formé une milice pour se défendre contre les attaques.
C1 noun /ˈpɛndənt/

pendant

pendentif
Meaning
a piece of jewelry that hangs from a chain worn around the neck
Example
She wore a silver pendant around her neck.
Elle portait un pendentif en argent autour du cou.
C1 noun /ræθ/

Wrath

colère
Meaning
extreme anger; intense fury or indignation
Example
His wrath was terrible to behold.
Sa colère était terrible à voir.
C2 noun /kɒzˈmɒɡ.ə.ni/

cosmogony

cosmogonie
Meaning
the study or theory of the origin of the universe
Example
The book provides an overview of different cosmogonies throughout history.
Le livre présente un aperçu des différentes cosmogonies à travers l'histoire.
B1 noun /ˈbraɪd.ɡrʊm/

Bridegroom

marié
Meaning
a man on his wedding day or just before and after the event
Example
The nervous bridegroom waited at the altar for his bride to arrive.
Le marié nerveux attendait à l'autel que sa mariée arrive.
C1 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˈsɛptɪk/

antiseptic

antiseptique
Meaning
A substance that prevents the growth of disease-causing microorganisms; clean and free from germs.
Example
The nurse applied an antiseptic to the wound.
L'infirmière a appliqué un antiseptique sur la plaie.
B2 noun /ˌdɛm.əˈɡræf.ɪks/

Demographics

Démographie
Meaning
Statistical data relating to the population and particular groups within it.
Example
Demographics help in targeted advertising.
La démographie aide à la publicité ciblée.
C1 noun ɪˈveɪ.ʒən

evasion

évasion
Meaning
The practice of avoiding or escaping from something, especially responsibility or duty.
Example
His evasion of responsibilities frustrated his colleagues.
Son évasion des responsabilités a frustré ses collègues.
C1 verb /ˈræn.sæk/

ransack

mettre à sac
Meaning
to search a place roughly and steal or damage things
Example
Burglars ransacked the house while the family was away.
Les cambrioleurs ont mis à sac la maison pendant que la famille était absente.
C2 verb /ɛnˈfrænˌtʃaɪz/

enfranchise

bonheur
Meaning
To grant the right to vote or other rights of citizenship.
Example
The new law enfranchised thousands of people.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 noun /ˈpær.ɪ.saɪd/

parricide

parricide
Meaning
The act of killing one's father, mother, or other close relative.
Example
The court tried him for parricide after the tragic incident.
Le tribunal l'a jugé pour parricide après l'incident tragique.
A1 pronoun /maɪ/

my

mon
Meaning
used to indicate possession or ownership
Example
This is my book.
C'est mon livre.
C1 adjective /riˈæk.tɪv/

Reactive

réactif; chimiquement actif
Meaning
responding to situations rather than initiating them; chemically active
Example
The company took a reactive approach to customer complaints.
L'entreprise a adopté une approche réactive face aux plaintes des clients.
C1 adjective /ˈpəʊtəbl/

potable

potable
Meaning
safe to drink; drinkable
Example
The villagers did not have access to potable water.
Les villageois n'avaient pas accès à l'eau potable.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkɒn.stɪ.tʃuːt/

reconstitute

reconstituer
Meaning
to restore something to its original form or state; to reassemble
Example
The group was reconstituted after the leader returned.
Le groupe a été reconstitué après le retour du leader.
C2 noun /daɪˈvɛstɪtʃər/

divestiture

désinvestissement
Meaning
the action of selling off or disposing of business interests or assets
Example
The divestiture of the subsidiary was completed last year.
La désinvestissement de la filiale a été achevé l'année dernière.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

provenance
Meaning
The origin or source of something.
Example
The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.
Le musée a vérifié l'origine du manuscrit ancien.
B2 verb /hɔːlt/

halt

arrêter
Meaning
to stop or bring to a stop
Example
The train suddenly halted at the station.
Le train s'est arrêté soudainement à la station.
C2 noun /ˈkrɪsəndəm/

christendom

christendom
Meaning
the worldwide body or community of Christians
Example
The news spread quickly across Christendom.
La nouvelle s'est rapidement propagée à travers le christendom.
C2 noun /nɪt/

nit

œuf de pou
Meaning
The egg or young form of a louse or other parasitic insect.
Example
The teacher noticed nits in the child’s hair.
L'enseignant a remarqué des œufs de pou dans les cheveux de l'enfant.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪnjuəm/

continuum

continuum
Meaning
A continuous sequence in which adjacent elements are not perceptibly different from each other, but the extremes are quite distinct.
Example
Life and death are often seen as part of the same continuum.
La vie et la mort sont souvent considérées comme faisant partie du même continuum.
C1 noun /ˈeɪθiɪzəm/

atheism

athéisme
Meaning
The belief that there is no God or gods.
Example
He declared his atheism openly despite social pressure.
Il a déclaré son athéisme ouvertement malgré la pression sociale.
A2 modal verb /ɔːt/

ought

devrait
Meaning
Used to indicate duty, correctness, or moral obligation.
Example
You ought to respect your elders.
Tu devrais respecter tes aînés.
B1 noun /ˈlænd.skeɪp/

Landscape

paysage
Meaning
all the visible features of an area of countryside or land; the art of designing outdoor areas
Example
The mountain landscape was breathtaking with its snow-capped peaks and green valleys.
Le paysage montagneux était à couper le souffle avec ses sommets enneigés et ses vallées verdoyantes.
C2 noun /ˈfɔːrˌseɪl/

foresail

voile de proue
Meaning
The principal sail set on the foremast of a sailing vessel.
Example
The crew adjusted the foresail to catch the wind.
L'équipage a ajusté la voile de proue pour attraper le vent.
B1 adjective /ˈdɪstənt/

Distant

lointain
Meaning
far away in space or time; remote
Example
We could see a distant mountain on the horizon.
Nous pouvions voir une montagne lointaine à l'horizon.
B1 adjective /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/

automatic

automatique
Meaning
working by itself without direct human control
Example
This car has an automatic transmission.
Cette voiture a une transmission automatique.
C2 verb /ˌoʊvərˈliːp/

overleap

sauter par-dessus
Meaning
To jump over something; to omit or disregard something.
Example
He managed to overleap the fence easily.
Il a réussi à sauter la clôture facilement.
B2 noun, verb /ˈædvɜːrt/

advert

annonce
Meaning
(noun) a notice or announcement in a public medium promoting a product, service, or event; (verb) to refer to something in speaking or writing
Example
The company placed an advert in the newspaper for the new position.
La société a placé une annonce dans le journal pour le nouveau poste.
C1 verb /flɔːnt/

flaunt

fanfaronner
Meaning
to show off something proudly, often to attract attention
Example
She likes to flaunt her new jewelry at parties.
Elle aime fanfaronner ses nouveaux bijoux lors des soirées.
C2 noun /ˌpɜːrspɪˈkjuːəti/

perspicuity

perspicuité
Meaning
Clarity and ease in speech or writing; the quality of being clearly expressed.
Example
The perspicuity of his lecture made it easy for students to understand complex topics.
La perspicuité de sa conférence a facilité la compréhension des sujets complexes par les étudiants.
C1 noun /ˈmælɪs/

Malice

malveillance; rancune; hostilité;
Meaning
The intention or desire to do evil; ill will
Example
There was no malice in his criticism, just honest feedback.
Il n'y avait aucune malice dans sa critique, juste des commentaires honnêtes.
C1 adjective /səˈdɪs.tɪk/

sadistic

sadique
Meaning
Deriving pleasure from inflicting pain or suffering on others.
Example
The villain had a sadistic smile while hurting his enemies.
Le méchant avait un sourire sadique en infligeant de la douleur à ses ennemis.
C1 noun kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət

conglomerate

conglomérat
Meaning
A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms.
Example
The company grew into a multinational conglomerate.
L'entreprise est devenue un conglomérat multinational.
C2 adjective /ˌsuːpərˈnuːmərɛri/

supernumerary

supplémentaire
Meaning
Exceeding the usual number; extra or unnecessary.
Example
The play included several supernumerary actors to fill the background scenes.
La pièce a inclus plusieurs acteurs supplémentaires pour remplir les scènes de fond.