transposition
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C2 noun /ˌtrænspəˈzɪʃən/

transposition

transposition
Meaning
the act of changing the order or position of something
Example
The transposition of digits caused an error in the calculation.
La transposition des chiffres a causé une erreur dans le calcul.
C2 adjective /ˈɛksɪdʒənt/

exigent

urgent
Meaning
demanding immediate action or attention; urgent
Example
The patient’s exigent condition required immediate surgery.
L'état exigent du patient a nécessité une chirurgie immédiate.
C2 noun /ˈluːkər/

lucre

lucre
Meaning
money, especially when regarded as sordid or gained dishonorably
Example
He was motivated more by lucre than by duty.
Il était motivé davantage par le lucre que par le devoir.
C2 adjective /ˌhæɡ.i.əˈɡræf.ɪk/

hagiographic

excessivement élogieux
Meaning
Excessively flattering or idealized, often in a biography or portrayal of someone.
Example
The documentary was criticized for its hagiographic portrayal of the leader.
Le documentaire a été critiqué pour sa représentation excessivement élogieuse du leader.
C2 noun /ˈdʒɪŋɡoʊ/

jingo

nationaliste belliqueux
Meaning
a person who strongly supports warlike or aggressive foreign policy; an extreme nationalist
Example
The leader was criticized as a reckless jingo.
Le leader a été critiqué comme un jingo imprudent.
C2 noun /ˌbræɡəˈdoʊʃioʊ/

braggadocio

comportement prétentieux
Meaning
boastful or arrogant behavior; empty boasting
Example
His endless braggadocio annoyed everyone at the party.
Son comportement prétentieux sans fin agaçait tout le monde à la fête.
C2 noun /ˈʌm.brə/

Umbra

ombre totale, région sombre d'une tache solaire
Meaning
the fully shaded inner region of a shadow cast by an opaque object; the dark center of a sunspot
Example
During the eclipse, we stood in the moon's umbra.
Pendant l'éclipse, nous nous sommes tenus dans l'ombre de la lune.
C2 noun /dɪˈklɪvɪti/

declivity

pente
Meaning
a downward slope of ground
Example
They carefully climbed down the declivity of the hill.
Ils ont grimpé prudemment la pente de la colline.
C2 noun /foʊl fʊt/

Foal-foot

fleur de sabot de cheval
Meaning
a yellow flowering plant with leaves shaped like a horse's hoof, also known as coltsfoot
Example
The foal-foot plant grows wild in many meadows and is often the first flower to bloom in spring.
La plante de fleur de sabot de cheval pousse sauvagement dans de nombreuses prairies et est souvent la première à fleurir au printemps.
C2 noun /ˈkwɔːrtoʊ/

quarto

livre de format quarto
Meaning
A book size resulting from folding each printed sheet into four leaves (eight pages).
Example
The library has rare Shakespeare quartos.
La bibliothèque possède de rares quartos de Shakespeare.
C2 adjective /səˈmætɪk/

somatic

somatique
Meaning
Relating to the body, especially as distinct from the mind.
Example
Yoga can improve both somatic and mental health.
Le yoga peut améliorer à la fois la santé somatique et mentale.
C2 verb /ˈpɜːrdʒər/

perjure

parjurer
Meaning
To knowingly tell a lie in a court of law after swearing to tell the truth.
Example
He was accused of trying to perjure himself during the trial.
Il a été accusé d'avoir essayé de parjurer pendant le procès.
C2 noun /liːən/

lien

privilège
Meaning
A legal right to keep possession of property until a debt is paid.
Example
The bank placed a lien on the house until the mortgage was cleared.
La banque a placé un privilège sur la maison jusqu'à ce que l'hypothèque soit réglée.
C2 adjective /ˈwæɡ.ɪʃ/

waggish

espiègle ou taquin
Meaning
playfully humorous or mischievous
Example
His waggish remarks made everyone laugh.
Ses remarques espiègles ont fait rire tout le monde.
C2 adjective /dɪˈkɔːrəs/

decourous

décent
Meaning
characterized by propriety, good taste, and proper manners
Example
She maintained a decourous silence during the ceremony.
Elle a maintenu un silence décent pendant la cérémonie.
C2 noun /ˈdændi/

dandy

homme qui accorde trop d'attention à son apparence et à ses vêtements
Meaning
a man who gives too much attention to his appearance and clothes
Example
The young dandy spent hours grooming himself before the party.
Le jeune dandy a passé des heures à se préparer avant la fête.
C2 noun /djuːˈɛnə/

duenna

gouvernante
Meaning
an older woman acting as a governess or chaperone, especially in Spanish families
Example
The young lady was accompanied by a duenna during the festival.
La jeune fille était accompagnée par une duéna pendant le festival.
C2 noun /ˈædʒ.ə.tənt/

Adjutant

cigogne adjoint
Meaning
a large water bird with long legs and neck, also known as adjutant stork
Example
The adjutant stork stood motionless in the shallow water.
La cigogne adjoint était immobile dans l'eau peu profonde.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔɪl.səm/

toilsome

épuisant
Meaning
Involving hard or exhausting work; laborious.
Example
The workers had a toilsome day in the hot sun.
Les travailleurs ont eu une journée épuisante sous le soleil chaud.
C2 noun /sɒp/

sop

compromis
Meaning
a concession or appeasement to pacify someone; also a piece of bread dipped in liquid
Example
The manager offered a bonus as a sop to the unhappy employees.
Le directeur a offert une prime comme une concession aux employés mécontents.
C2 noun /ˈdʒuː.dɪˌkeɪ.tʃər/

judicature

système judiciaire
Meaning
the administration of justice or the system of courts
Example
The judicature ensures that laws are fairly applied.
Le système judiciaire veille à ce que les lois soient appliquées de manière équitable.
C2 adjective /ˌæktʃuˈɛəriəl/

actuarial

actuariel
Meaning
Relating to actuaries or their work of analyzing financial risk and uncertainty, especially in insurance and pensions.
Example
The company relied on actuarial reports to set insurance premiums.
L'entreprise s'est appuyée sur des rapports actuariels pour fixer les primes d'assurance.
C2 verb /læmˈbæst/

lambast

critiquer sévèrement
Meaning
To criticize harshly or to beat severely.
Example
The coach lambasted the team for their poor performance.
L'entraîneur a sévèrement critiqué l'équipe pour sa mauvaise performance.
C2 noun /kəˈbɑːdi/

kabadi

ferrailleur
Meaning
a person who collects and sells scrap or recyclable materials, especially in South Asia
Example
The kabadi came every week to collect old newspapers and bottles.
Le ferrailleur collecte des objets usagés.
C2 noun /neɪv/

Knave

personne malhonnête; valet sur une carte de jeu
Meaning
a dishonest person, especially a man; a playing card with a picture of a male servant
Example
The knave tried to cheat the old woman out of her savings.
Le fourbe a essayé de tromper la vieille femme pour lui voler ses économies.
C2 noun /kənˈtraɪ.vəns/

contrivance

appareil ou plan
Meaning
a device or plan that is cleverly or artificially created
Example
The clock was an intricate contrivance of gears and springs.
L'horloge était un dispositif complexe de rouages et de ressorts.
C2 noun /ˈbrɛviˌɛri/

breviary

livre de prières
Meaning
A book containing the service for each day, used in Christian liturgy.
Example
The monk read from the breviary during morning prayers.
Le moine a lu du livre de prières pendant les prières du matin.
C2 verb /ˈmʌfəl/

muffle

étouffer
Meaning
to make a sound quieter or less distinct; to cover or wrap something to reduce noise or warmth
Example
She tried to muffle her laughter with a scarf.
Elle a essayé d'étouffer son rire avec une écharpe.
C2 adjective /pruːˈdɛnʃəl/

prudential

prudentiel
Meaning
involving or showing prudence, especially in financial or business matters
Example
The bank has set prudential rules to protect depositors.
La banque a mis en place des règles prudentielles pour protéger les déposants.
C2 noun /brəˈkeɪd/

brocade

tissu brodé
Meaning
a rich fabric woven with a raised pattern, often in gold or silver thread
Example
She wore a beautiful brocade dress to the wedding.
Elle portait une belle robe en brocart au mariage.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈkɒnstənt/

inconstant

inconstant
Meaning
frequently changing; not consistent or dependable
Example
His inconstant moods made it difficult to work with him.
Ses humeurs inconstantes rendaient difficile de travailler avec lui.
C2 noun /ˈhelmz.mən/

Helmsman

barreur; capitaine
Meaning
a person who steers a ship or boat; the person at the helm of a vessel
Example
The experienced helmsman skillfully guided the yacht through the narrow channel during the storm.
Le barreur expérimenté a habilement guidé le yacht à travers le canal étroit pendant la tempête.
C2 noun /ˈɔːtɑːrki/

autarchy

autarcie
Meaning
A system of self-sufficiency where a state or community is economically independent.
Example
The nation attempted autarchy to reduce reliance on imports.
La nation a tenté l'autarcie pour réduire la dépendance aux importations.
C2 adjective /ˈkæloʊ/

callow

immature
Meaning
Inexperienced and immature.
Example
The callow intern made several mistakes on his first day.
Le stagiaire immature a fait plusieurs erreurs lors de son premier jour.
C2 noun /paɪər/

pyre

bûcher funéraire
Meaning
A heap of combustible material, especially one used for burning a corpse as part of a funeral ceremony.
Example
The villagers built a pyre to honor the deceased.
Les villageois ont construit un bûcher pour honorer le défunt.
C2 adverb /ˌeɪˈmɔːrəli/

amorally

amoralement
Meaning
In a way that shows no concern about whether behavior is morally right or wrong.
Example
He acted amorally, ignoring the consequences of his actions.
Il a agi amoralement, ignorant les conséquences de ses actions.
C2 verb /ɪɡˈzʌlt/

exult

exulter
Meaning
to show or feel great joy, often as a result of success
Example
The fans exulted after their team won the championship.
Les fans exultaient après la victoire de leur équipe au championnat.
C2 noun /ʃɪˈfɒn/

chiffon

chiffon
Meaning
A lightweight, sheer fabric often used in dresses or scarves.
Example
She wore a beautiful chiffon dress at the party.
Elle portait une belle robe en chiffon à la fête.
C2 noun /ˈriːbəs/

rebus

rébus
Meaning
a puzzle in which words are represented by pictures, symbols, or letters
Example
The children enjoyed solving the rebus puzzles in the magazine.
Les enfants ont adoré résoudre les rébus dans le magazine.
C2 adjective /mæɡˈnæn.ɪ.məs/

magnanimous

magnanime, généreux, indulgent
Meaning
Very kind and generous, especially towards a rival or someone less powerful than oneself.
Example
His magnanimous nature made him respected by all.
Sa nature magnanime lui a permis d'être respecté de tous.
C2 noun /əˈɡrɒnəmɪst/

agronomist

agronome
Meaning
A scientist who studies soil management and crop production.
Example
The agronomist suggested new methods to improve rice yields.
L'agronome a suggéré de nouvelles méthodes pour améliorer les rendements du riz.
C2 adjective /ˌaɪdəˈlɑːtrɪəs/

idolatrious

idolâtre
Meaning
Excessively devoted or reverent towards idols or false gods.
Example
The ancient tribe was known for its idolatrious practices.
La tribu ancienne était connue pour ses pratiques idolâtres.
C2 adjective /əˈpɒ.krɪ.fəl/

apocryphal

douteux
Meaning
Of doubtful authenticity, though widely circulated as true.
Example
The story about him saving the village is probably apocryphal.
L'histoire de lui sauvant le village est probablement douteuse.
C2 verb, noun /ɡaʊdʒ/

gouge

creuser, surfacturer
Meaning
To cut or scoop out a deep hole or groove; to overcharge unfairly.
Example
He accidentally gouged a hole in the wooden table.
Il a accidentellement fait un trou dans la table en bois.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛɡ.jʊ.mənt/

integument

revêtement externe
Meaning
A natural outer covering, such as skin, shell, or rind.
Example
The snake sheds its integument as it grows.
Le serpent mue de son revêtement externe à mesure qu'il grandit.
C2 noun /ɡleɪd/

glade

clairière
Meaning
An open space in a forest or woods.
Example
They rested in a sunny glade after their long hike.
Ils se sont reposés dans une clairière ensoleillée après leur longue randonnée.
C2 noun /ˌsɒ̃ˈfrwɑː/

sang-froid

sang-froid
Meaning
Composure or coolness, especially in difficult situations.
Example
The leader handled the crisis with remarkable sang-froid.
Le leader a géré la crise avec un sang-froid remarquable.
C2 noun ˌmʌltɪˈfæsɪtɪd ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃən ˈfreɪmwɜːrks

multifaceted information frameworks

cadres d'information multifacettes
Meaning
Complex, comprehensive structures for organizing and managing information that have multiple aspects or dimensions.
Example
Digital literacy involves building multifaceted information frameworks.
La littératie numérique implique la construction de cadres d'information multifacettes.
C2 adjective /səˈræfɪk/

seraphic

angélique
Meaning
Of or like a seraph; angelic, pure, and blissful.
Example
She gave him a seraphic smile that calmed his fears.
Elle lui donna un sourire angélique qui calma ses peurs.
C2 verb /kəˈvɔrt/

cavort

danser avec enthousiasme
Meaning
to jump or dance around excitedly
Example
The children cavorted happily in the garden.
Les enfants sautaient joyeusement dans le jardin.
C2 noun /ɡænˈdʒɛtɪk liːf fɪʃ/

Gangetic Leaf Fish

poisson-feuille gangétique
Meaning
a small freshwater fish species found in the Ganges river system, known for its leaf-like appearance
Example
The Gangetic Leaf Fish is commonly found in the rivers of Bangladesh.
Le poisson-feuille gangétique se trouve couramment dans les rivières du Bangladesh.
C2 verb /ɪkˈspʌndʒ/

expunge

effacer
Meaning
To erase or remove completely, often something unwanted.
Example
He managed to expunge the embarrassing memory from his mind.
Il a réussi à effacer le souvenir embarrassant de son esprit.
C2 adjective /tɛnˈdɛnʃəs/

tendentious

partisan
Meaning
Expressing or promoting a particular cause or point of view, often biased.
Example
The article was criticized for its tendentious tone.
L'article a été critiqué pour son ton partisan.
C2 adjective, adverb /ˌmæləprəˈpoʊ/

malapropos

inapproprié
Meaning
inappropriate or unsuitable; at an inconvenient or inappropriate time
Example
His comment was malapropos during the serious discussion.
Son commentaire était inapproprié pendant la discussion sérieuse.
C2 adjective /ˈɒsiəs/

osseous

osseux
Meaning
consisting of or turned into bone; bony
Example
The fossil showed osseous structures of the ancient creature.
Le fossile a montré des structures osseuses de la créature ancienne.
C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.li.oʊ/

folio

grand livre ou manuscrit
Meaning
A sheet of paper folded once to form two leaves (four pages) of a book; also a term for a large book or manuscript.
Example
The library houses an ancient Shakespeare folio.
La bibliothèque abrite un ancien folio de Shakespeare.
C2 adjective /ˈkeəwɔːn/

careworn

fatigué et préoccupé
Meaning
Showing signs of worry, stress, or exhaustion.
Example
His careworn face revealed years of struggle.
Son visage fatigué révélait des années de lutte.
C2 noun /ˈsaʊər wʊd ˈæp.əl/

Sour wood apple

pomme d'éléphant
Meaning
a tropical fruit with hard shell and tangy flesh; elephant apple
Example
The sour wood apple has a unique taste that many people enjoy.
La pomme d'éléphant a un goût unique que beaucoup de gens apprécient.
C2 verb /dʒɛˈstɪkjʊleɪt/

gesticulate

gesticuler
Meaning
to use gestures, especially dramatic ones, instead of speaking or to emphasize one's words
Example
He gesticulated wildly to get their attention.
Il gesticulait sauvagement pour attirer leur attention.
C2 verb /ʧeɪf/

chafe

froter
Meaning
To make or become sore by rubbing; to feel irritation or impatience.
Example
The tight shoes began to chafe his heels.
Les chaussures serrées ont commencé à frotter ses talons.
C2 noun /daɪˈvʌldʒəns/

divulgence

divulgation
Meaning
the act of revealing or disclosing something secret or private
Example
The divulgence of company secrets caused a major scandal.
La divulgation des secrets de l'entreprise a provoqué un grand scandale.
C2 verb /ˈɛdɪfaɪ/

edify

édifier
Meaning
To instruct or improve someone morally or intellectually.
Example
Good books can both entertain and edify the reader.
Les bons livres peuvent à la fois divertir et édifier le lecteur.
C2 noun /ˈmɜːkinəs/

murkiness

obscurité
Meaning
The quality of being dark, gloomy, or unclear.
Example
The murkiness of the water made it hard to see the fish.
L'obscurité de l'eau rendait difficile de voir les poissons.
C2 verb /dɪsˈɡɔːrdʒ/

disgorge

vomir, déverser
Meaning
to discharge or pour out; to vomit; to give up reluctantly
Example
The broken pipe disgorged water all over the floor.
Le tuyau cassé a déversé de l'eau sur tout le sol.
C2 noun /ˈænɪməlˌkjuːl/

animalcule

animalcule
Meaning
A microscopic animal, especially a protozoan or other minute organism.
Example
The scientist observed an animalcule moving under the microscope.
Le scientifique a observé un animalcule se déplaçant sous le microscope.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnseɪt/

insensate

insensible
Meaning
lacking physical sensation or empathy; without feeling or sensitivity
Example
The dictator's insensate cruelty shocked the world.
La cruauté insensible du dictateur a choqué le monde.
C2 noun /ˈmeɪsə/

mesa

mesa
Meaning
An isolated flat-topped hill with steep sides, found in arid regions.
Example
The hikers stopped to admire the mesa rising above the desert floor.
Les randonneurs se sont arrêtés pour admirer la méssa qui s'élevait au-dessus du sol du désert.
C2 verb /ɪkˈspeɪʃiˌeɪt/

expatiate

parler ou écrire en détail
Meaning
to speak or write at length or in detail
Example
The professor expatiated on the importance of critical thinking.
Le professeur a expatié sur l'importance de la pensée critique.
C2 adjective fɔːˈtjuː.ɪ.təs

fortuitous

fortuit
Meaning
Happening by accident or chance rather than design; lucky or fortunate.
Example
Their meeting was purely fortuitous.
Leur rencontre était purement fortuite.
C2 verb /poʊˈtɛnʃiˌeɪt/

potentiate

potentialiser
Meaning
To increase the power, effect, or likelihood of something.
Example
Caffeine can potentiate the effects of some medicines.
La caféine peut potentialiser les effets de certains médicaments.
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈluːʃən/

involution

involution
Meaning
a complicated or intricate form or state; in biology, the shrinking of an organ after its function has finished
Example
The story was full of involution, making it hard to follow.
L'histoire était pleine d'involution, ce qui la rendait difficile à suivre.
C2 noun /əˈpɜːrtənənsɪz/

appurtenances

accessoires
Meaning
Additional items or accessories associated with something, often used in a legal or property context.
Example
The house was sold along with all its appurtenances, including the garage and garden.
La maison a été vendue avec tous ses accessoires, y compris le garage et le jardin.
C2 noun /ˌfɑːsfəˈrɛsəns/

phosphorescence

phosphorescence
Meaning
the property of emitting light without noticeable heat
Example
The deep-sea creatures displayed a beautiful phosphorescence.
Les créatures des profondeurs marines ont affiché une belle phosphorescence.
C2 noun /ɪˌkwɪvəˈkeɪʃən/

equivocation

utilisation de langage ambigu
Meaning
The use of ambiguous language to conceal the truth or to avoid committing oneself.
Example
The politician’s equivocation frustrated voters who wanted a clear answer.
L'équivocation du politicien a frustré les électeurs qui voulaient une réponse claire.
C2 noun /ˈdɛvɪlri/

devilry

diablerie
Meaning
Wicked or cruel behavior; mischievous actions.
Example
The children were full of devilry on Halloween night.
Les enfants étaient pleins de diablerie lors de la nuit d'Halloween.
C2 adjective /dɛˈspɒtɪk/

despotic

despote
Meaning
exercising power in a cruel, oppressive, or authoritarian way
Example
The king’s despotic rule left the people in misery.
Le règne despote du roi a laissé le peuple dans la misère.
C2 verb /ˈhæloʊ/

hallow

sanctifier
Meaning
to honor as holy; to make sacred or greatly respected
Example
The ancient temple was hallowed by centuries of worship.
L'ancien temple a été sanctifié par des siècles de dévotion.
C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌliːtər/

decaliter

dix litres
Meaning
A metric unit of capacity equal to ten liters.
Example
The container could hold up to one decaliter of water.
Le récipient peut contenir jusqu'à un décilitre d'eau.
C2 verb /ɪˈvɜːrt/

evert

retourner vers l'extérieur
Meaning
To turn inside out or outward.
Example
The surgeon had to evert the eyelid during the procedure.
Le chirurgien a dû retourner la paupière pendant la procédure.
C2 noun/verb /ɡəˈfɔː/

guffaw

grand éclat de rire
Meaning
a loud and boisterous laugh
Example
The audience guffawed at the comedian’s joke.
Le public a éclaté de rire à la blague du comédien.
C2 noun /nuːt/

Newt

triton
Meaning
a small amphibian with a long tail that lives both in water and on land
Example
The newt swam gracefully in the pond.
Le triton nageait gracieusement dans l'étang.
C2 noun /ˈvɪtəlz/

victuals

vivres
Meaning
Food or provisions, especially for human consumption.
Example
The travelers packed enough victuals for their long journey.
Les voyageurs ont emballé suffisamment de vivres pour leur long voyage.
C2 adjective /ˈsætərˌnaɪn/

saturnine

saturnien
Meaning
slow and gloomy in mood
Example
His saturnine expression made everyone in the room uncomfortable.
Son expression saturnienne rendait tout le monde dans la pièce mal à l'aise.
C2 adjective /ˈkwɒdreɪt/

quadrate

carré
Meaning
square or nearly square; having four sides or being suited or corresponding to something
Example
The tiles had a neat quadrate shape that made the floor look orderly.
Les carreaux avaient une forme carrée nette qui donnait à le sol un aspect ordonné.
C2 adjective /ˈhæl.si.ən/

halcyon

serein
Meaning
calm, peaceful, and happy; denoting a period of time in the past that was idyllically happy and peaceful
Example
She often reminisces about the halcyon days of her childhood.
Elle se souvient souvent des jours sereins de son enfance.
C2 adjective /ˈfluːviəl/

fluvial

fluvial
Meaning
relating to or found in a river
Example
The fluvial deposits indicated the presence of an ancient river system.
Les dépôts fluviaux ont indiqué la présence d'un ancien système fluvial.
C2 noun /ˈdʒes.tər/

Jester

bouffon; comique
Meaning
a professional joker or fool at a medieval court; someone who jokes a lot
Example
The court jester entertained the king with witty remarks and amusing tricks.
Le bouffon de la cour divertissait le roi avec des remarques pleines d'esprit et des tours amusants.
C2 noun /prɪˈhɛnʃən/

prehension

action de saisir; capacité à saisir quelque chose
Meaning
the act of grasping or seizing; the ability to take hold of something
Example
Therapists assessed the patient's prehension during hand therapy.
Les thérapeutes ont évalué la préhension du patient pendant la thérapie manuelle.
C2 noun /ˈvæləns/

valance

valance décorative
Meaning
A decorative drapery hung across the top of a window or bed.
Example
She chose a floral valance to match the curtains in her bedroom.
Elle a choisi une valance florale pour assortir les rideaux de sa chambre.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsuːsiənt/

insouciant

insouciant
Meaning
Showing a casual lack of concern; carefree.
Example
He gave an insouciant shrug and walked away.
Il a haussé les épaules de manière insouciante et est parti.
C2 noun /əˈbrɪdʒmənt/

abridgment

abrégé
Meaning
A shortened version of a larger work, such as a book or speech.
Example
The publisher released an abridgment of the lengthy novel for students.
L'éditeur a publié un abrégé du long roman pour les étudiants.
C2 adjective /ˈpɜːrviəs/

pervious

perméable
Meaning
Allowing water, air, or other substances to pass through; permeable.
Example
The soil here is pervious to rainwater.
Le sol ici est perméable à l'eau de pluie.
C2 noun /ɪˈskʌtʃən/

escutcheon

écusson ou blason portant un blason familial
Meaning
a shield or emblem bearing a coat of arms
Example
The family crest was displayed on the escutcheon above the fireplace.
Le blason familial était affiché sur l'écusson au-dessus de la cheminée.
C2 noun /ˈlɛvi/

levee

levée
Meaning
An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river or to hold back water.
Example
The town built a levee to protect itself from flooding.
La ville a construit une levée pour se protéger des inondations.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrkwɪzɪt raɪt/

perquisiteperquisiteright

droit aux avantages supplémentaires
Meaning
a legal right to certain benefits or privileges associated with a job or office
Example
The judge enjoyed certain perquisite rights attached to his position.
Le juge a profité de certains droits supplémentaires liés à sa fonction.
C2 noun /rɪˈfræk.tər/

refractor

réfracteur
Meaning
A type of telescope that uses lenses to focus light.
Example
Refractor telescopes use lenses to focus light.
Les télescopes réfracteurs utilisent des lentilles pour focaliser la lumière.
C2 adjective /ˌpɒliˈæn.ɪ.ɪʃ/

pollyannaish

excessivement optimiste
Meaning
overly or blindly optimistic
Example
Her pollyannaish attitude ignored the obvious problems.
Son attitude excessivement optimiste ignorait les problèmes évidents.
C2 verb /dɪsˈkʌmfɪt/

discomfit

déconcerter
Meaning
to make someone feel uneasy, embarrassed, or confused
Example
The interviewer’s tough questions discomfited the candidate.
Les questions difficiles de l'intervieweur ont déstabilisé le candidat.
C2 verb /ˈɡrʌvəl/

grovel

se vautrer
Meaning
To act in an excessively humble or submissive way to gain favor.
Example
He groveled before his boss to avoid punishment.
il s'est vautré devant son patron pour éviter la punition.
C2 adjective /ˈtræktəbəl/

tractable

facile à contrôler ou influencer
Meaning
easy to control or influence
Example
The child was surprisingly tractable during the long journey.
L'enfant était étonnamment facile à contrôler pendant le long voyage.
C2 noun /ˈlɔːrdlɪŋ/

lordling

petit seigneur
Meaning
A young or petty lord; someone of minor nobility.
Example
The arrogant lordling demanded respect despite his lack of experience.
Le lordling arrogant exigea du respect malgré son manque d'expérience.
C2 adjective /ˌprɛsɪˈdɛnʃəl/

precedential

précédent
Meaning
Relating to, or serving as, a precedent; having authority as an example.
Example
The court’s decision has precedential value.
La décision de la cour a une valeur précédente.
C2 noun /ˈvæsəl/

vassal

vassal
Meaning
A person or country in a subordinate position to another, especially in feudal times under a lord.
Example
The king granted land to his vassal in return for loyalty and service.
Le roi a accordé des terres à son vassal en échange de loyauté et de service.
C2 adjective /ˈpʌkɪʃ/

puckish

espiègle
Meaning
playfully mischievous
Example
The child gave a puckish grin before hiding the toy.
L'enfant a donné un sourire espiègle avant de cacher le jouet.
C2 adjective /səˈluːtəˌtɔri/

salutatory

discours de salutation
Meaning
Relating to or expressing a greeting or an address, especially at the beginning of a speech.
Example
She delivered a salutatory address at the graduation ceremony.
Elle a prononcé un discours de salutation lors de la cérémonie de remise des diplômes.
C2 noun /ˈkɔːrpəskəl/

corpuscle

petite particule ou cellule, en particulier cellule sanguine
Meaning
a small particle or cell, especially a blood cell
Example
Red corpuscles carry oxygen throughout the body.
Les globules rouges transportent l'oxygène dans tout le corps.
C2 noun /lɒŋ ˈwɪskəd ˈkætfɪʃ/

Long whiskered catfish

poisson-chat à longues moustaches
Meaning
A type of freshwater fish with long whisker-like barbels around its mouth
Example
The fisherman caught a long whiskered catfish in the river.
Le pêcheur a attrapé un poisson-chat à longues moustaches dans la rivière.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpɒs.tʃər/

Imposture

imposture; fraude; tromperie
Meaning
the practice of deceiving others by pretending to be someone else; fraudulent deception
Example
The elaborate imposture lasted for months before investigators uncovered the truth.
L'imposture élaborée a duré des mois avant que les enquêteurs ne découvrent la vérité.
C2 noun /niˈɒlədʒi/

neology

l'utilisation de nouveaux mots ou l'étude de leur origine
Meaning
The use of new words or the study of their origin.
Example
The professor specialized in neology, studying the creation of modern slang.
Le professeur s'est spécialisé en néologie, étudiant la création du jargon moderne.
C2 verb /dɪˈpreɪv/

deprave

pervertir
Meaning
to corrupt morally; to make someone immoral or wicked
Example
The novel was criticized for attempting to deprave the minds of young readers.
Le roman a été critiqué pour avoir tenté de pervertir l'esprit des jeunes lecteurs.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛkəbl/

peccable

pécheur
Meaning
liable to sin or error; capable of doing wrong
Example
Humans are peccable, but they strive for goodness.
Les humains sont pécheurs, mais ils s'efforcent de faire le bien.
C2 adverb /ˈdɑːrklɪŋ/

darkling

dans l'obscurité
Meaning
In the dark or growing dark; dimly.
Example
The forest creatures moved darkling through the night.
Les créatures de la forêt se déplaçaient dans l'obscurité pendant la nuit.
C2 noun /ˈɡɔːntlɪt/

gauntlet

gant / défi
Meaning
a protective glove; a challenge or trial; to 'throw down the gauntlet' means to issue a challenge
Example
The knight threw down his gauntlet as a sign of challenge.
Le chevalier jeta son gant comme signe de défi.
C2 noun ˌsaɪ.bəˈnet.ɪks

cybernetics

cybernétique
Meaning
The science of communications and automatic control systems in both machines and living things.
Example
Cybernetics plays a crucial role in artificial intelligence.
La cybernétique joue un rôle crucial dans l'intelligence artificielle.
C2 noun/adjective /prɪˈsɪpɪtənt/

precipitant

précipitant
Meaning
As a noun: a substance that causes a substance to be deposited from a solution; as an adjective: acting hastily or impulsively.
Example
The chemist added a precipitant to the solution to observe the reaction.
Le chimiste a ajouté un précipitant à la solution pour observer la réaction.
C2 verb /ˈhɑːbəl/

hobble

boiter
Meaning
to walk awkwardly with difficulty, usually due to injury
Example
He hobbled across the room after twisting his ankle.
Il boitait à travers la pièce après s'être tordu la cheville.
C2 noun /prɔːŋ/

prong

dent de fourchette
Meaning
a projecting pointed part, such as one of the pointed ends of a fork
Example
The fork has four prongs.
La fourchette a quatre dents.
C2 noun ˈnjʊə.rəʊ ˌfiːd.bæk

neurofeedback

une technique qui utilise les activités cérébrales en temps réel pour enseigner l'autorégulation de la fonction cérébrale
Meaning
A technique that uses real-time displays of brain activity to teach self-regulation of brain function.
Example
Neurofeedback enhances cognitive performance and relaxation.
Le neurofeedback améliore la performance cognitive et la relaxation.
C2 adjective /ˈhʌmdrʌm/

humdrum

monotone
Meaning
Lacking excitement or variety; dull and monotonous.
Example
She grew tired of the humdrum routine of office life.
Elle en avait marre de la routine monotone de la vie de bureau.
C2 noun /ˌtɜːsənˈtɛnəri/

tercentenary

tercentenaire
Meaning
The 300th anniversary of an event.
Example
The city celebrated its tercentenary with a grand festival.
La ville a célébré son tercentenaire avec un grand festival.
C2 noun /ˈmɪlk pɒt/

Milk-pot

pot à lait
Meaning
a container specifically used for storing or serving milk
Example
She poured fresh milk from the milk-pot into her glass.
Elle a versé du lait frais du pot à lait dans son verre.