tipsy
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C1 adjective /ˈtɪpsi/

tipsy

légèrement ivre
Meaning
slightly drunk
Example
She felt tipsy after just one glass of wine.
Elle se sentait un peu ivre après un seul verre de vin.
C1 adjective /ˌɛm.briˈɒn.ɪk/

embryonic

embryonnaire
Meaning
in an early or undeveloped stage; relating to an embryo
Example
The project is still in its embryonic stage.
Le projet est encore à son stade embryonnaire.
C1 noun /ˈwɒrənt/

Warrant

mandat
Meaning
a legal document that gives police the authority to do something; justification or authority for an action
Example
The police obtained a search warrant before entering the building.
La police a obtenu un mandat de perquisition avant d'entrer dans le bâtiment.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsteɪtɪd/

unstated

non exprimé
Meaning
not expressed directly in words; implied or left unsaid
Example
The contract included several unstated expectations.
Le contrat incluait plusieurs attentes non exprimées.
C1 adjective /ˈtɛmpərəl/

temporal

temporel
Meaning
Relating to worldly affairs or to time rather than spiritual matters.
Example
The monk gave up his temporal possessions to live a simple life.
Le moine a renoncé à ses possessions temporelles pour vivre une vie simple.
C1 noun /ˈkɒndɪmənts/

condiments

condiments ou sauces
Meaning
Seasonings or sauces used to add flavor to food.
Example
Ketchup and mustard are popular condiments for burgers.
Le ketchup et la moutarde sont des condiments populaires pour les hamburgers.
C1 verb /rɪˈtrækt/

retract

retirer
Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
L'entreprise a retiré sa déclaration antérieure après avoir réalisé l'erreur.
C1 noun /ˈrɪpəl/

Ripple

vague
Meaning
a small wave on the surface of water; a spreading effect or influence
Example
The stone created ripples across the calm pond.
La pierre a créé des vagues à la surface du lac calme.
C1 adjective, verb /ɪɡˈzɛmpt/

exempt

exempté
Meaning
Free from an obligation or liability imposed on others.
Example
Students with high grades are exempt from the final exam.
Les étudiants ayant de bonnes notes sont exemptés de l'examen final.
C1 noun /ˈheɪl.stɔːrm/

Hailstorm

tempête de grêle
Meaning
a violent storm with hail falling from the sky
Example
The hailstorm damaged many cars in the parking lot.
La tempête de grêle a endommagé de nombreuses voitures dans le parking.
C1 verb /ˈɪnfɪltreɪt/

infiltrate

infiltrer
Meaning
to secretly enter or gain access to a place or group
Example
The spies managed to infiltrate the enemy base.
Les espions ont réussi à infiltrer la base ennemie.
C1 noun /ˈsɪn.ɪˌsɪz.əm/

cynicism

cynisme
Meaning
An inclination to believe that people are motivated purely by self-interest; skepticism.
Example
His cynicism made it hard for him to trust anyone.
Son cynisme lui rendait difficile de faire confiance à quiconque.
C1 noun /pɜːrl drɒp/

Pearl drop

goutte de perle
Meaning
a single pearl used as jewelry, often in earrings or pendants
Example
The elegant pearl drop earrings complemented her outfit perfectly.
Les élégantes boucles d'oreilles en goutte de perle complétaient parfaitement sa tenue.
C1 adjective /prəˈfjuːs/

profuse

profus
Meaning
existing or given in large amounts; abundant
Example
He offered profuse thanks for their timely help.
Il a offert de profonds remerciements pour leur aide opportune.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɪn.ju.əl/

Continual

continu; ininterrompu;
Meaning
happening repeatedly over a long period of time; constant and uninterrupted
Example
The continual noise from the construction site was very annoying.
Le bruit continu du chantier de construction était très ennuyeux.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

inhibé
Meaning
Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.
Example
He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.
Il était trop inhibé pour exprimer ses vrais sentiments.
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪpɪs/

precipice

précipice
Meaning
A very steep cliff or a situation of great danger.
Example
The hikers stood at the edge of the precipice, gazing into the valley below.
Les randonneurs étaient debout au bord du précipice, regardant la vallée en bas.
C1 noun /ˈtrɛmər/

tremor

tremblement
Meaning
a slight shaking movement in a person’s body or in the ground
Example
A small tremor was felt before the earthquake.
Un petit tremblement a été ressenti avant le tremblement de terre.
C1 noun /əˈdʒɪl.ɪ.ti/

agility

agilité
Meaning
Ability to work quickly and easily, both physically and mentally.
Example
Mental agility is essential for problem-solving.
L'agilité mentale est essentielle pour résoudre les problèmes.
C1 noun /kɔːr/

corps

branche de l'armée, groupe
Meaning
a branch of the military or a group organized for a specific purpose
Example
He joined the army corps after graduation.
Il a rejoint le corps de l'armée après sa diplomation.
C1 noun /ˈstændˌstɪl/

standstill

immobilité
Meaning
a situation in which all movement or activity stops
Example
The traffic came to a standstill after the accident.
Le trafic est arrivé à une immobilité après l'accident.
C1 noun, verb /fɔːrd/

ford

gué
Meaning
A shallow place in a river where one can cross; to cross a river at such a place.
Example
The travelers decided to ford the river at dawn.
Les voyageurs ont décidé de traverser la rivière par un gué à l'aube.
C1 noun ˈʌp.raɪ.zɪŋ

uprising

soulèvement
Meaning
An act of resistance or rebellion; a revolt against an authority or government.
Example
The uprising marked the beginning of the revolution.
Le soulèvement a marqué le début de la révolution.
C1 noun /ˌstætɪˈstɪʃən/

statistician

statisticien
Meaning
A person who specializes in collecting, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data.
Example
The statistician presented the survey results with great clarity.
Le statisticien a présenté les résultats du sondage avec grande clarté.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈspænsɪv/

expansive

expansif
Meaning
covering a wide area or having a wide range of ideas or emotions
Example
They enjoyed the expansive view from the hilltop.
Ils ont apprécié la vue expansive depuis le sommet de la colline.
C1 noun kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət

conglomerate

conglomérat
Meaning
A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms.
Example
The company grew into a multinational conglomerate.
L'entreprise est devenue un conglomérat multinational.
C1 noun /ˌvɜːbəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

verbalization

verbalisation
Meaning
The action of expressing something in words.
Example
The verbalization of his thoughts was clear and direct.
La verbalisation de ses pensées était claire et directe.
C1 noun/verb ˈpɪv.ət

pivot

changement stratégique, pivot, changement de processus
Meaning
A significant change in business strategy or direction.
Example
The company decided to pivot its business strategy.
L'entreprise a décidé de modifier sa stratégie commerciale.
C1 adjective /əˈvɜːrs/

averse

réticent
Meaning
having a strong dislike of or opposition to something
Example
He was averse to taking unnecessary risks.
Il était réticent à prendre des risques inutiles.
C1 verb /ˈkæptɪveɪt/

captivate

captiver, attirer
Meaning
to attract and hold the interest of; to charm or fascinate
Example
Her beautiful voice captivated the audience.
Sa voix magnifique a captivé l'audience.
C1 adjective /ɪˈlʌstriəs/

illustrious

illustre
Meaning
Well known, respected, and admired for past achievements.
Example
She had an illustrious career in medicine.
Elle avait une carrière illustre en médecine.
C1 noun /əbˈzɜːvəns/

observance

observance
Meaning
The practice of following a custom, rule, or religious law.
Example
The festival is held in observance of a centuries-old tradition.
Le festival est organisé en observance d'une tradition séculaire.
C1 verb /ɪˈvɪkt/

evict

expulser
Meaning
To expel someone from a property, usually by legal process.
Example
The landlord decided to evict the tenants for not paying rent.
Le propriétaire a décidé d'expulser les locataires pour non-paiement du loyer.
C1 noun /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃən/

denunciation

dénonciation / accusation publique
Meaning
the public condemnation or accusation of someone or something
Example
The journalist's article was a strong denunciation of corruption.
L'article du journaliste était une forte dénonciation de la corruption.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

corporal

corporal
Meaning
relating to the body; a low-ranking officer in the military
Example
He suffered a corporal punishment for his mistake.
Il a subi une punition corporelle pour son erreur.
C1 noun sɜːrˈkeɪdiən ˈrɪðəm

circadian rhythm

rythme circadien
Meaning
The body's natural sleep-wake cycle that occurs within 24 hours
Example
Exposure to natural light regulates the circadian rhythm.
L'exposition à la lumière naturelle régule le rythme circadien.
C1 adjective/noun /ˈkɜːrsɪv/

cursive

écriture cursive
Meaning
Written with characters joined together in a flowing manner.
Example
The teacher asked students to write the essay in cursive handwriting.
Le professeur a demandé aux élèves d'écrire l'essai en écriture cursive.
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌteɪkər/

undertaker

employé des pompes funèbres
Meaning
A person whose job is to prepare the dead for burial and arrange funerals.
Example
The undertaker prepared the body for the funeral service.
L'employé des pompes funèbres a préparé le corps pour le service funéraire.
C1 noun /ˈaʊtpoʊst/

outpost

avant-poste
Meaning
A small military camp or position at some distance from the main force, used especially as a guard.
Example
The soldiers were stationed at a remote outpost.
Les soldats étaient stationnés dans un avant-poste éloigné.
C1 verb /ˈhʌsəl/

hustle

travailler dur / bouger rapidement
Meaning
to move quickly and energetically; to push or work hard to achieve something
Example
She had to hustle to finish the project on time.
Elle a dû travailler dur pour terminer le projet à temps.
C1 verb /ˈmæd.ən/

madden

rendre fou
Meaning
To make someone very angry or extremely annoyed.
Example
The constant noise maddened him.
Le bruit constant l'a rendu fou.
C1 noun /ˌtɛknɪˈkæləti/

technicality

technicalité
Meaning
A small detail of law, rule, or procedure; a minor point that affects an outcome.
Example
The case was dismissed on a technicality.
L'affaire a été rejetée pour une question de technicité.
C1 adjective /ˈkʌlpəbl̩/

culpable

coupable
Meaning
deserving blame or responsibility for a wrongdoing
Example
The judge found him culpable for the accident.
Le juge l'a jugé coupable de l'accident.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːrpɪtreɪtər/

perpetrator

délinquant
Meaning
a person who commits a harmful, illegal, or immoral act
Example
The police arrested the perpetrator of the crime.
La police a arrêté le délinquant du crime.
C1 adjective /ˈtɛn.ju.əs/

tenuous

faible / mince
Meaning
Very weak, thin, or slight; lacking a strong basis.
Example
The evidence against him is quite tenuous.
La preuve contre lui est assez faible.
C1 adjective ɪmˈpɪr.ɪ.kəl

empirical

empirique ou basé sur l'expérience
Meaning
Based on, concerned with, or verifiable by observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic.
Example
Scientific research relies on empirical evidence.
La recherche scientifique repose sur des preuves empiriques.
C1 noun /dɪˈfaɪəns/

defiance

défiance
Meaning
Open resistance or bold disobedience.
Example
The protest was an act of defiance against injustice.
La protestation était un acte de défiance contre l'injustice.
C1 noun /ˈmɛdli/

medley

mélange
Meaning
A mixture of different things, especially musical tunes combined together.
Example
The band played a medley of popular songs.
Le groupe a joué un mélange de chansons populaires.
C1 adjective /ˈplʌk.i/

plucky

courageux
Meaning
having or showing courage and determination
Example
The plucky child rescued the kitten from the tree.
L'enfant courageux a sauvé le chaton de l'arbre.
C1 noun /ˈhæŋ.ər/

Hangar

hangar
Meaning
a large building with extensive floor area, typically for housing aircraft; an aircraft shelter
Example
The airplane was stored safely in the hangar during the severe thunderstorm.
L'avion a été stocké en toute sécurité dans le hangar pendant le violent orage.
C1 noun /ˈpɔːsɪti/

paucity

pauvreté / manque
Meaning
the presence of something in only small or insufficient quantities
Example
The project was delayed due to a paucity of funds.
Le projet a été retardé en raison du manque de fonds.
C1 verb /zæɡ/

zag

faire un virage brusque
Meaning
to make a sharp change in direction, especially in a zigzag pattern
Example
The rabbit zagged quickly to escape the fox.
Le lapin a tourné brusquement pour échapper au renard.
C1 noun /krʌks/

crux

le noyau
Meaning
the most important or decisive point of an issue
Example
The crux of the problem lies in poor communication.
Le noyau du problème réside dans une mauvaise communication.
C1 noun rɪˈdʒɛn.ər.ə.tɪv ˈfɑːr.mɪŋ

regenerative farming

agriculture régénérative
Meaning
Agricultural practices that improve soil health and biodiversity.
Example
Regenerative farming improves soil fertility and biodiversity.
L'agriculture régénérative améliore la fertilité du sol et la biodiversité.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.təˈmɪt.ənt

intermittent

intermittent
Meaning
Happening irregularly, not continuously.
Example
The rain was intermittent throughout the day.
La pluie était intermittente toute la journée.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpærɪdʒ/

disparage

dénigrer
Meaning
to criticize someone or something in a way that shows a lack of respect
Example
It is unfair to disparage people for their opinions.
Il est injuste de dénigrer les gens pour leurs opinions.
C1 noun /ɪmˈbɛzlmənt/

embezzlement

détournement de fonds
Meaning
The act of dishonestly taking money or property entrusted to one's care.
Example
The accountant was arrested for embezzlement of company funds.
Le comptable a été arrêté pour détournement de fonds de l'entreprise.
C1 noun /rɪˈmɪt.əns/

Remittance

envoi de fonds
Meaning
A sum of money sent in payment or as a gift.
Example
The country's economy benefits from expatriate remittance.
L'économie du pays bénéficie des envois de fonds des expatriés.
C1 adjective /traɪt/

trite

banal
Meaning
Overused and lacking originality.
Example
The speech was full of trite phrases.
Le discours était plein de phrases banales.
C1 noun /ˈtʃɪz.əl/

Chisel

ciseau
Meaning
a tool with a sharp flat edge used for cutting or shaping wood, stone, or metal
Example
The carpenter used a chisel to carve the wood.
Le charpentier a utilisé un ciseau pour sculpter le bois.
C1 noun /ˈælɔɪ/

alloy

alliage
Meaning
A mixture of metals or a metal combined with another element.
Example
Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
Le bronze est un alliage de cuivre et d'étain.
C1 noun mɪˈtɪkjʊləsnɪs

meticulousness

grande attention aux détails
Meaning
Great attention to detail; very careful and precise.
Example
His meticulousness made the project successful.
Sa méticulosité a rendu le projet réussi.
C1 verb /riːk/

wreak

causer des dégâts
Meaning
to cause or inflict something, especially damage or harm
Example
The storm wreaked havoc on the coastal villages.
La tempête a causé de grands dégâts dans les villages côtiers.
C1 noun /ˈlɪŋɡwɪst/

linguist

linguiste
Meaning
A person skilled in foreign languages or in the scientific study of language.
Example
She is a linguist who speaks six languages fluently.
Elle est une linguiste qui parle couramment six langues.
C1 noun /prəˈpoʊnənt/

proponent

partisan, promoteur
Meaning
a person who advocates for or supports a particular idea, cause, or plan
Example
She is a strong proponent of renewable energy.
Elle est une forte partisane de l'énergie renouvelable.
C1 verb /kənˈfaʊnd/

confound

déconcerter
Meaning
to confuse or surprise someone, often by acting against their expectations
Example
The magician's trick seemed to confound the entire audience.
Le tour du magicien semblait déconcerter tout le public.
C1 noun /lʌst/

Lust

désir sexuel très fort; désir passionné de quelque chose
Meaning
very strong sexual desire; a passionate desire for something
Example
His lust for power corrupted him completely.
Sa luxure pour le pouvoir l'a complètement corrompu.
C1 noun /ˈek.stə.si/

Ecstasy

extase
Meaning
an overwhelming feeling of great happiness or joyful excitement
Example
She was in complete ecstasy when she heard the good news.
Elle était en complète extase lorsqu'elle a entendu les bonnes nouvelles.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkɔːrdənt/

discordant

discordant
Meaning
disagreeing or clashing; harsh and jarring in sound
Example
The discordant notes of the band hurt our ears.
Les notes discordantes du groupe ont blessé nos oreilles.
C1 noun /ˈmʌltɪtuːd/

multitude

multitude
Meaning
A large number of people or things.
Example
A multitude of fans gathered at the stadium.
Une multitude de fans se sont rassemblés dans le stade.
C1 noun /oʊˈbɪt.ʃu.er.i/

Obituary

nécrologie
Meaning
a notice of someone's death published in a newspaper; biographical account of deceased person
Example
The newspaper published his obituary yesterday.
Le journal a publié son nécrologie hier.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈsiːzənd/

seasoned

expérimenté / assaisonné
Meaning
Experienced in a particular activity; also, flavored with spices.
Example
She is a seasoned teacher with over 20 years of experience.
Elle est une enseignante expérimentée avec plus de 20 ans d'expérience.
C1 noun /ˈves.tɪdʒ/

Vestige

vestige
Meaning
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
Example
No vestige of the ancient city remains.
Aucun vestige de l'ancienne ville ne reste.
C1 noun /ˌræʃəˈnæl/

rationale

raison sous-jacente
Meaning
the underlying reason or explanation for something
Example
The rationale behind his decision was clearly explained.
La raison derrière sa décision a été clairement expliquée.
C1 noun /əˈbɪs/

abyss

abîme
Meaning
a deep, immeasurable space, chasm, or void; something seemingly without end
Example
The climbers looked down into the dark abyss below.
Les grimpeurs ont regardé dans l'abîme sombre en dessous.
C1 adjective /ˈtæk.taɪl/

tactile

tactile
Meaning
Connected with the sense of touch; perceptible by touch or giving a sensation when touched.
Example
The tactile experience of the fabric was soft and smooth.
L'expérience tactile du tissu était douce et lisse.
C1 noun /ˈævətɑːr/

avatar

avatar
Meaning
an icon or figure representing a person in digital contexts; in Hinduism, a divine incarnation
Example
She changed her social media avatar to a new cartoon image.
Elle a changé son avatar sur les réseaux sociaux pour une nouvelle image de dessin animé.
C1 verb /kənˈviːn/

convene

se réunir, convoquer une réunion ou un rassemblement
Meaning
to come together or assemble, especially for a meeting or formal gathering
Example
The board will convene tomorrow to discuss the new policy.
Le conseil se réunira demain pour discuter de la nouvelle politique.
C1 noun ˈdɛtrɪ.mənt

detriment

dommage, préjudice, détriment
Meaning
Harm, damage, impairment.
Example
Smoking is a detriment to health.
Fumer est un détriment pour la santé.
C1 noun /taɪˈkuːn/

tycoon

magnat
Meaning
a wealthy, powerful businessperson
Example
The real estate tycoon invested in several skyscrapers.
Le magnat de l'immobilier a investi dans plusieurs gratte-ciel.
C1 adjective /ˌiːvænˈdʒɛlɪkəl/

evangelical

évangélique
Meaning
Relating to the Christian gospel, especially the teachings that emphasize personal faith and the authority of the Bible.
Example
She grew up in an evangelical church community.
Elle a grandi dans une communauté chrétienne évangélique.
C1 noun ˈɛksəʊˌplænɪt

exoplanet

une planète qui orbite autour d'une étoile en dehors du système solaire
Meaning
A planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.
Example
Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets in the last decade.
Les astronomes ont découvert des milliers d'exoplanètes au cours de la dernière décennie.
C1 adjective /ˈbrɪslɪŋ/

bristling

hérissé; rempli d'énergie
Meaning
full of energy, anger, or excitement; showing bristles standing up
Example
He entered the room bristling with confidence.
Il entra dans la pièce tout en confiance.
C1 noun /ˈɪrɪtənt/

irritant

substance irritante
Meaning
something that causes irritation or discomfort
Example
Dust is a common irritant for people with allergies.
La poussière est un irritant commun pour les personnes allergiques.
C1 verb /ˈdʒɪtər/

jitter

trembler
Meaning
to shake or tremble slightly, often from fear, nervousness, or excitement
Example
He began to jitter nervously before giving his speech.
Il a commencé à trembler nerveusement avant de donner son discours.
C1 adjective /ˈkælkjʊleɪtɪŋ/

calculating

calculateur
Meaning
acting in a scheming and ruthlessly determined way
Example
He had a cold and calculating approach to business.
Il avait une approche froide et calculatrice des affaires.
C1 adjective /bəˈlɪdʒ.ər.ənt/

belligerent

belliqueux ou agressif
Meaning
Hostile and aggressive, ready to fight or argue.
Example
His belligerent attitude often leads to conflicts.
Son attitude belliqueuse mène souvent à des conflits.
C1 adjective ˌɜː.ɡəˈnɒm.ɪk

ergonomic

conception ergonomique
Meaning
Designed for efficiency and comfort in the working environment; user-friendly and reducing strain.
Example
The chair has an ergonomic design for better posture.
La chaise a un design ergonomique pour une meilleure posture.
C1 adjective /ˌprɛfəˈrɛnʃəl/

preferential

privilégié
Meaning
showing or giving advantage to one over others
Example
Members receive preferential treatment at the club.
Les membres bénéficient d'un traitement préférentiel au club.
C1 noun /ˈvenəm/

Venom

venin
Meaning
a poisonous substance secreted by animals such as snakes; extreme malice and bitterness
Example
The snake's venom can be deadly if not treated quickly.
Le venin du serpent peut être mortel s'il n'est pas traité rapidement.
C1 adjective /ˈhæk.nid/

hackneyed

usé
Meaning
Used too often and therefore lacking originality or freshness.
Example
The speech was filled with hackneyed phrases that failed to inspire the audience.
Le discours était rempli de phrases usées qui n'ont pas réussi à inspirer le public.
C1 adjective /ɛsˈθɛtɪk/

esthetic

esthétique
Meaning
Concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty.
Example
The building’s esthetic design attracted many visitors.
Le design esthétique du bâtiment a attiré de nombreux visiteurs.
C1 adjective /ˈper.ɪ.ləs/

perilous

périlleux, dangereux, risqué
Meaning
Full of danger or risk; hazardous and threatening.
Example
The explorers took a perilous journey.
Les explorateurs ont fait un voyage périlleux.
C1 noun /ˈtrɪviə/

trivia

détails triviaux
Meaning
Details or information that are considered unimportant or of little value.
Example
The quiz was filled with fun trivia about movies and music.
Le quiz était rempli de détails triviaux sur les films et la musique.
C1 verb /ˈtɑːrnɪʃ/

tarnish

ternir
Meaning
To lose luster, especially as a result of exposure to air or moisture; to damage reputation.
Example
The silver jewelry tarnished quickly when left in the open air.
Les bijoux en argent se sont ternis rapidement lorsqu'ils ont été laissés à l'air libre.
C1 noun

Longitude

longitude géographique
C1 verb /prɪˈzaɪd/

preside

présider
Meaning
to be in charge of a meeting, event, or organization
Example
She will preside over the meeting tomorrow.
Elle présidera la réunion demain.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.fən.tri/

Infantry

infanterie
Meaning
soldiers marching or fighting on foot; foot soldiers collectively
Example
The infantry advanced across the battlefield on foot.
L'infanterie a avancé à travers le champ de bataille à pied.
C1 noun /flæt fɪʃ/

Flat fish

poisson plat
Meaning
a type of fish with a flattened body that lives on the sea floor
Example
Flat fish like sole and flounder are excellent for grilling.
Les poissons plats comme la sole et la limande sont excellents pour le grill.
C1 noun /ˈsʌtlti/

subtlety

subtilité
Meaning
The quality or state of being subtle.
Example
She understood the subtlety of the situation.
Elle comprit la subtilité de la situation.
C1 noun /ɪkˈskriːʃən/

excretion

excrétion
Meaning
the process of eliminating waste matter from the body
Example
Excretion is vital for maintaining a healthy body.
L'excrétion est vitale pour maintenir un corps sain.
C1 noun /ˈpɛnɪtəns/

penitence

pénitence
Meaning
The action or feeling of showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.
Example
His eyes were full of penitence after realizing his mistake.
Ses yeux étaient pleins de pénitence après avoir réalisé son erreur.
C1 noun /ˌdʒæm.bəˈriː/

Jamboree

fête; rassemblement festif;
Meaning
a large celebration or party; a gathering with entertainment; a festive event
Example
The scout jamboree brought together thousands of young people from around the world.
Le jamboree scout a réuni des milliers de jeunes du monde entier.
C1 noun /rɪˈsaɪtər/

reciter

récitant
Meaning
a person who recites or repeats something aloud from memory, especially poetry, prayers, or formal texts
Example
The reciter delivered the poem with clarity and emotion.
Le récitant a présenté le poème avec clarté et émotion.
C1 noun /ˈbrɛvɪti/

brevity

brièveté
Meaning
Concise and exact use of words in writing or speech.
Example
The brevity of the speech kept the audience engaged.
La brièveté du discours a captivé le public.
C1 noun /ˈæntənɪm/

antonym

antonyme
Meaning
A word opposite in meaning to another.
Example
‘Hot’ is the antonym of ‘cold’.
‘Hot’ est l'antonyme de ‘cold’.
C1 noun /ˈpɪnəkəl/

pinnacle

sommet
Meaning
the highest point or peak of something, especially of success or achievement
Example
Winning the Nobel Prize was the pinnacle of her career.
Gagner le prix Nobel a été le pinacle de sa carrière.
C1 adjective /ˈwɪntri/

wintry

hivernal
Meaning
Characteristic of or suitable for winter; cold and bleak.
Example
The wintry wind made everyone shiver as they walked outside.
Le vent hivernal a fait frissonner tout le monde lorsqu'ils marchaient dehors.
C1 noun /kəˈnʌn.drəm/

conundrum

problème complexe ou énigme
Meaning
A complex problem or puzzle without an easy solution
Example
The ethical conundrum puzzled the researchers.
Le dilemme éthique a perturbé les chercheurs.
C1 verb /pərˈtɜːrb/

perturb

perturber
Meaning
To disturb or unsettle greatly in mind.
Example
The sudden noise perturbed the students during the exam.
Le bruit soudain a perturbé les étudiants pendant l'examen.
C1 noun /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒi/

genealogy

généalogie
Meaning
The study and tracing of lines of descent or family history.
Example
She spent years researching her family's genealogy.
Elle a passé des années à étudier la généalogie de sa famille.
C1 noun /səˈprɛʃən/

suppression

suppression
Meaning
the act of forcibly stopping something or holding back feelings or actions
Example
The suppression of free speech led to protests.
La suppression de la liberté d'expression a conduit à des manifestations.
C1 noun /ˌjuːnɪˈfɔːrməti/

Uniformity

uniformité; consistance; égalité
Meaning
the quality of being uniform; consistency or sameness
Example
The uniformity of the design created a pleasing visual effect.
L'uniformité du design a créé un effet visuel attrayant.
C1 adjective /ˌlaɪtˈhɑːrtɪd/

light-hearted

léger et insouciant
Meaning
cheerful, carefree, and not serious
Example
She gave a light-hearted speech at the party.
Elle a donné un discours léger lors de la fête.
C1 adverb /maɪˈnjuːtli/

Minutely

minutieusement
Meaning
in very small detail; extremely carefully
Example
The detective examined the evidence minutely.
Le détective a examiné la preuve minutieusement.
C1 noun /ˈæftərˌθɔːt/

afterthought

Meaning
Something added or considered later than originally planned.
Example
The gift seemed like an afterthought rather than a genuine gesture.
C1 noun /səˈvɪləti/

civility

civisme
Meaning
Polite and courteous behavior.
Example
He treated his opponent with civility despite their differences.
Il a traité son adversaire avec civilité malgré leurs différences.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtaɪərəti/

entirety

intégralité
Meaning
the whole of something; the complete form
Example
He watched the movie in its entirety.
Il a regardé le film dans son intégralité.
C1 noun /ˈaʊtˌɡroʊθ/

outgrowth

croissance
Meaning
something that grows out of something else; a natural development or result
Example
The new policy was an outgrowth of years of debate.
La nouvelle politique était une croissance de plusieurs années de débats.
C1 noun /deɪˈtɑːnt/

detente

détente
Meaning
the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries
Example
The two nations worked toward detente after decades of conflict.
Les deux nations ont travaillé vers la détente après des décennies de conflit.
C1 verb /ˈheɪsən/

hasten

hâter
Meaning
To move or act quickly; to cause something to happen sooner.
Example
He hastened to finish his work before the deadline.
Il s'est dépêché de finir son travail avant la date limite.