symptoms
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B2 noun /ˈsɪmp.təmz/

symptoms

symptômes
Meaning
signs or indications of a disease or condition
Example
Fever and cough are common symptoms of the flu.
La fièvre et la toux sont des symptômes courants de la grippe.
C2 noun /ɪnˈsɪpiəns/

incipience

début
Meaning
the beginning or initial stage of something
Example
The project was still in its incipience when funding was approved.
Le projet en était encore à ses débuts lorsque le financement a été approuvé.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛstəsi/

intestacy

décès sans testament
Meaning
The condition of dying without having made a valid will.
Example
His estate was divided according to the laws of intestacy.
Sa succession a été divisée selon les lois de l'intestat.
B2 adjective /rɪˈfaɪnd/

Refined

raffiné; purifié
Meaning
elegant and cultured in appearance, manner, or taste; purified
Example
She has very refined taste in art and music.
Elle a un goût très raffiné en art et en musique.
C2 adjective /kəˈnaɪ.vɪŋ/

conniving

rusé
Meaning
secretly scheming or plotting to help in wrongdoing
Example
He is a conniving politician who manipulates people for power.
C'est un homme politique rusé qui manipule les gens pour le pouvoir.
B2 adjective /kənˈdʒɛstɪd/

congested

congestionné
Meaning
Blocked up with too much traffic or crowding.
Example
The road was congested during rush hour.
La route était congestionnée pendant l'heure de pointe.
B1 adverb /ˌɔːl.təˈɡeð.ər/

Altogether

dans l'ensemble; complètement; totalement
Meaning
completely; in total; considering everything
Example
The project cost altogether five thousand dollars.
Le projet a coûté dans l'ensemble cinq mille dollars.
C2 adjective /ˈɡɔːdi/

gaudy

voyant
Meaning
excessively showy or flashy, often in a tasteless way
Example
She wore a gaudy necklace that clashed with her elegant dress.
Elle portait un collier voyant qui jurait avec sa robe élégante.
C2 verb /ˈærəˌɡeɪt/

arrogate

revendiquer injustement
Meaning
To claim or take something without justification.
Example
The dictator arrogated all powers to himself.
Le dictateur a revendiqué tous les pouvoirs pour lui-même de manière injuste.
A2 noun /kɑːrˈtuːn/

cartoon

dessin animé
Meaning
a humorous or animated drawing, especially one in newspapers or television
Example
Children love watching cartoons on TV.
Les enfants adorent regarder des dessins animés à la télévision.
B1 verb /səˈraʊnd/

surround

entourer
Meaning
To be all around someone or something.
Example
Mountains surround the small village.
Les montagnes entourent le petit village.
B2 noun /ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/

proposition

proposition, plan
Meaning
A statement, idea, or plan put forward for consideration or discussion.
Example
The company made a business proposition to the investors.
L'entreprise a fait une proposition commerciale aux investisseurs.
B2 noun /ɪmˈpaʊə.mənt/

empowerment

autonomisation
Meaning
Authority or power given to someone to do something.
Example
Empowerment initiatives enhance confidence.
Les initiatives d'autonomisation renforcent la confiance.
A1 adverb /ˈnɛvər/

never

jamais
Meaning
at no time in the past or future; not ever
Example
I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.
Je n'ai jamais vu un coucher de soleil aussi beau.
C1 adjective /ˌmiːtiˈɔːrɪk/

meteoric

relatif aux météores; très rapide et souvent temporaire.
Meaning
Relating to meteors; very rapid and often temporary.
Example
The singer’s meteoric rise to fame surprised everyone.
L'ascension météorique du chanteur à la célébrité a surpris tout le monde.
C2 adjective /səˈpʌlkrəl/

sepulchral

relatif à un tombeau, lugubre
Meaning
Relating to a tomb or burial; gloomy, dismal.
Example
The abandoned house had a sepulchral silence about it.
La maison abandonnée avait un silence sepulcral.
C2 noun /ˈdʌblɪt/

doublet

doublet / veste ajustée
Meaning
a close-fitting jacket worn by men in the Renaissance; also, a pair of similar things
Example
The actor wore a velvet doublet for the Shakespearean play.
L'acteur a porté un doublet en velours pour la pièce de Shakespeare.
B1 noun /dɪsk/

disc

objet plat, mince et rond
Meaning
a flat, thin, round object or surface
Example
He inserted the music disc into the player.
Il a inséré le disque de musique dans le lecteur.
C2 noun /biˈætɪtjuːd/

beatitude

béatitude, une grande bénédiction ou bonheur, souvent en référence aux paroles de Jésus dans le Sermon sur la Montagne
Meaning
supreme blessedness or happiness, often used in reference to the sayings of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount
Example
She felt a state of beatitude after receiving the good news.
Elle se sentait dans un état de béatitude après avoir reçu la bonne nouvelle.
C1 noun əˈɡrɛriən səˈsaɪətiz

agrarian societies

sociétés agricoles
Meaning
Societies based on agriculture and farming as the primary economic activity.
Example
Agrarian societies emerged from a need for stable food sources.
Les sociétés agricoles ont émergé d'un besoin de sources alimentaires stables.
A2 noun /pɒt/

Pot

pot
Meaning
a deep round container used for cooking food
Example
She put the vegetables in a large pot to make soup.
Elle a mis les légumes dans un grand pot pour faire de la soupe.
B2 noun ˌæn.tiˈɒk.sɪ.dənt

antioxidant

antioxydant
Meaning
A substance that may prevent or delay some types of cell damage by neutralizing free radicals.
Example
Green tea contains powerful antioxidants that slow aging.
Le thé vert contient des antioxydants puissants qui ralentissent le vieillissement.
A2 noun /siːt/

seat

siège
Meaning
a place to sit, especially a chair or other place for sitting
Example
I reserved a seat for you at the concert.
J'ai réservé un siège pour vous au concert.
A1 pronoun /wɪtʃ/

which

lequel
Meaning
used to ask about one or more items from a defined set
Example
Which one do you prefer, the red or the blue?
Lequel préfères-tu, le rouge ou le bleu ?
C2 noun /ˈhæbɪtənt/

habitant

habitant
Meaning
An inhabitant; a person or animal that lives in a particular place.
Example
The habitants of the village were friendly and welcoming.
Les habitants du village étaient amicaux et accueillants.
A2 adjective /ˈkraʊdɪd/

crowded

bonheur
Meaning
filled with too many people or things
Example
The bus was so crowded that I could hardly move.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /ˌrɛfəˈrɛndəm/

referendum

référendum
Meaning
a general vote by the population on a single political issue
Example
The government held a referendum on the new constitution.
Le gouvernement a organisé un référendum sur la nouvelle constitution.
C1 noun /ˌdɛrɪˈveɪʃən/

derivation

dérivation
Meaning
The origin or development of something from a source.
Example
The derivation of the word comes from Latin.
La dérivation du mot vient du latin.
B1 noun /ˈɪnkʌm/

income

revenu
Meaning
money received for work or through investments
Example
His monthly income is enough to support his family.
Ses revenus mensuels suffisent à soutenir sa famille.
C2 verb /ˈwaŋɡl/

wangle

obtenir quelque chose par astuce
Meaning
To achieve something by clever or sometimes dishonest persuasion or trickery.
Example
He wangled a free ticket to the concert.
Il a obtenu un billet gratuit pour le concert par astuce.
C1 adjective /ˈrɪkɪti/

rickety

fragile
Meaning
Poorly made and likely to collapse; shaky.
Example
They crossed a rickety wooden bridge over the river.
Ils ont traversé un pont en bois fragile sur la rivière.
C2 noun /əˈbeɪəns/

abeyance

suspension temporaire
Meaning
a state of temporary suspension or inactivity
Example
The project was held in abeyance until funds became available.
Le projet a été suspendu jusqu'à ce que les fonds deviennent disponibles.
B2 verb /ˈklæsɪfaɪ/

classify

classer
Meaning
to arrange or organize into categories or groups
Example
The librarian classified the books by subject.
Le bibliothécaire a classé les livres par sujet.
C2 adjective /ˌɛsəˈtɛrɪk/

esoteric

ésotérique
Meaning
intended for or understood by only a small number of people with special knowledge
Example
The professor gave an esoteric lecture on ancient philosophy.
Le professeur a donné une conférence ésotérique sur la philosophie ancienne.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈeɪliənəbl/

inalienable

inaliénable
Meaning
Unable to be taken away or transferred; absolute and permanent.
Example
Freedom of speech is an inalienable right.
La liberté d'expression est un droit inaliénable.
C1 noun /ˌmɪdˈsʌm.ər/

midsummer

milieu de l'été
Meaning
The middle of summer, often around the summer solstice in June.
Example
We had a festival to celebrate midsummer.
Nous avons organisé un festival pour célébrer le milieu de l'été.
C1 verb /ˈɡlædən/

gladden

rendre heureux
Meaning
to make someone happy or bring joy
Example
The news of her recovery gladdened everyone.
La nouvelle de sa guérison a réjoui tout le monde.
C1 noun /ˈpeɪ.ɡən/

Pagan

païen
Meaning
a person holding religious beliefs other than the main world religions; a heathen
Example
Ancient Romans considered early Christians to be pagans.
Les Romains antiques considéraient les premiers chrétiens comme des paiens.
B1 noun /ˈdʒʌm.pər/

Jumper

pull;
Meaning
a knitted garment worn on the upper body; a person or animal that jumps
Example
She wore a warm woolen jumper during the cold winter evening.
Elle portait un pull en laine chaud pendant la froide soirée d'hiver.
C2 noun /ˈwɒntənnəs/

wantonness

méchanceté gratuite
Meaning
The quality of being reckless, cruel, or deliberately malicious.
Example
His wantonness shocked everyone at the gathering.
Sa méchanceté gratuite a choqué tout le monde à la réunion.
C1 noun /ˌnɑm.əˈni/

Nominee

nominé
Meaning
a person who is nominated for an office, award, or honor
Example
She was the nominee for the Best Actress award.
Elle a été la nominée pour le prix de la meilleure actrice.
B2 noun /ˈpɑːrtɪkəl/

particle

particule
Meaning
a very small piece or amount of something
Example
Dust particles floated in the air near the window.
Les particules de poussière flottaient dans l'air près de la fenêtre.
B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌktər/

instructor

instructeur
Meaning
A person who teaches a subject or skill.
Example
The driving instructor was very patient with new learners.
L'instructeur de conduite était très patient avec les nouveaux élèves.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrfɪkt/

imperfect

imparfait
Meaning
Not perfect; having faults or flaws.
Example
The painting was beautiful despite being imperfect.
La peinture était belle malgré qu'elle fût imparfaite.
B2 noun ˈlænd.mɑːk

landmark

repère
Meaning
An object or feature of a landscape or town that is easily seen and recognized from a distance; an important stage or turning point.
Example
The space restaurant is a landmark in innovation.
Le restaurant spatial est un repère dans l'innovation.
C2 adjective /ˌpɒliˈæn.ɪ.ɪʃ/

pollyannaish

excessivement optimiste
Meaning
overly or blindly optimistic
Example
Her pollyannaish attitude ignored the obvious problems.
Son attitude excessivement optimiste ignorait les problèmes évidents.
B2 noun /ˌkovuːɪɡˈzɪs.təns/

Co-existence

coexistence
Meaning
the state of existing together at the same time or in the same place; peaceful cohabitation
Example
The peaceful co-existence of different cultures makes this city unique.
La coexistence pacifique de différentes cultures rend cette ville unique.
C1 noun dɪˌtɪə.ri.əˈreɪ.ʃən

deterioration

détérioration
Meaning
The process of becoming progressively worse; decline in quality, condition, or strength.
Example
Poor maintenance leads to material deterioration.
Un mauvais entretien conduit à la détérioration du matériel.
B1 adjective /ɪˈnɔː.məs/

Enormous

énorme; gigantesque; colossal
Meaning
very large in size, quantity, or extent; huge
Example
The elephant was enormous and weighed several tons.
L'éléphant était énorme et pesait plusieurs tonnes.
B2 adjective /hɪˈstɛrɪkəl/

hysterical

hilarant ou émotionnellement incontrôlable
Meaning
Extremely funny or uncontrollably emotional.
Example
The comedian's jokes were absolutely hysterical.
Les blagues du comédien étaient absolument hilarantes.
B2 noun /əˈfens/

Offence

offense; délit; attaque
Meaning
a breach of law or rule; an annoyance or resentment
Example
Stealing is a serious offence punishable by law.
Le vol est une offense grave punissable par la loi.
A1 noun /ˈdɪnər/

Dinner

dîner
Meaning
the main meal of the day, typically eaten in the evening
Example
The family gathered for dinner at 7 PM.
La famille s'est réunie pour le dîner à 19 heures.
C1 noun əˌsɪm.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən

Assimilation

assimilation
Meaning
Connecting new information with existing knowledge
Example
Proper assimilation of knowledge leads to effective learning.
Une bonne assimilation des connaissances conduit à un apprentissage efficace.
C1 adjective /ˈlækˌlʌstər/

lackluster

terne
Meaning
Lacking in vitality, force, or conviction; uninspired or uninspiring.
Example
The lackluster performance disappointed the audience.
La performance terne a déçu le public.
B1 adjective /rɪˈmoʊt/

remote

éloigné
Meaning
Situated far from the main centers of population; distant.
Example
They stayed in a remote village during their trip.
Ils sont restés dans un village éloigné pendant leur voyage.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈkluːsɪv/

inconclusive

inconclusif
Meaning
Not leading to a definite result or decision.
Example
The investigation remained inconclusive due to a lack of evidence.
L'enquête est restée inconclusive en raison d'un manque de preuves.
A2 noun,verb /pleɪn/

plane

surface plane; avion; aplanir
Meaning
a flat surface; an aircraft; to make smooth
Example
The carpenter used a tool to plane the wood.
Le menuisier a utilisé un outil pour aplanir le bois.
C2 noun /əˈdɛndəm/

addendum

addenda
Meaning
an additional item or piece of information added at the end of a document or book
Example
The report included an addendum with updated statistics.
Le rapport incluait un addenda avec des statistiques mises à jour.
C1 adjective /ˈfɒnɪk/

phonic

phonétique
Meaning
relating to speech sounds or their production; connected to phonics
Example
Children learn phonic rules to read new words accurately.
Les enfants apprennent les règles phonétiques pour lire de nouveaux mots avec précision.
B2 adjective /ˈfoʊni/

phony

faux, trompeur
Meaning
not genuine; fraudulent or insincere
Example
He gave a phony smile to hide his true feelings.
Il a donné un faux sourire pour cacher ses véritables sentiments.
B2 noun ˈpɛstɪˌsaɪd

pesticide

pesticide
Meaning
A substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to animals.
Example
The pesticide sprayed in the field killed the harmful insects.
Le pesticide pulvérisé dans le champ a tué les insectes nuisibles.
B2 noun /ˈtɛrərɪst/

terrorist

terroriste
Meaning
a person who uses violence or threats to intimidate or coerce, especially for political purposes
Example
The terrorist was arrested by the police after the attack.
Le terroriste a été arrêté par la police après l'attaque.
C2 noun /ˌvɛəriəˈɡeɪʃən/

variegation

variété
Meaning
The appearance of differently colored zones in the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants.
Example
Variegation makes the foliage look more attractive.
La variegation rend le feuillage plus attrayant.
B2 noun /ˈprɛsɪdənt/

precedent

précédent
Meaning
An earlier event or decision that serves as a guide or example for future similar situations.
Example
The judge’s ruling set a new precedent for similar cases.
La décision du juge a établi un nouveau précédent pour les affaires similaires.
C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

brûler
Meaning
To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.
Example
The cook accidentally charred the steak.
Le cuisinier a accidentellement brûlé le steak.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtrɛntʃ/

entrench

enraciner
Meaning
To establish something so firmly that it is difficult to change.
Example
The company entrenched its position in the market through innovation.
L'entreprise a consolidé sa position sur le marché grâce à l'innovation.
B1 adjective /ɪmˈbær.ə.sɪŋ/

Embarrassing

embarrassant; gênant; humiliant
Meaning
causing shame or awkwardness; uncomfortable; humiliating
Example
It was embarrassing when I forgot her name.
C'était embarrassant quand j'ai oublié son nom.
C2 noun /ˈɡæŋ.weɪ/

gangway

passerelle
Meaning
A narrow passage or walkway; also an exclamation used to clear the way.
Example
The sailors lowered the gangway for passengers to board.
Les marins ont abaissé la passerelle pour permettre aux passagers de monter.
B2 noun (plural) /skræps/

scraps

restes
Meaning
Small pieces left over from something; also small fights or quarrels.
Example
The dog ate the scraps from the table.
Le chien a mangé les restes de la table.
C1 noun /ˈtrɛmər/

tremor

tremblement
Meaning
a slight shaking movement in a person’s body or in the ground
Example
A small tremor was felt before the earthquake.
Un petit tremblement a été ressenti avant le tremblement de terre.
B2 noun /ˈtɛl.ər/

teller

caissier; narrateur
Meaning
A person who counts and manages money at a bank; a person who tells or relates something
Example
The bank teller counted the cash carefully before handing it over.
Le caissier de la banque a compté l'argent avec soin avant de le remettre.
C1 adjective /ˈkoʊvərt/

covert

secret
Meaning
hidden, secret, or not openly acknowledged
Example
The spy conducted a covert operation behind enemy lines.
L'espion a mené une opération secrète derrière les lignes ennemies.
C2 noun /kɒŋk/

Conch

conque
Meaning
a large sea shell that can be used as a horn; the marine mollusk that lives in such a shell
Example
The fisherman blew the conch shell to signal the end of the day.
Le pêcheur a soufflé dans la conque pour signaler la fin de la journée.
C2 noun /ˈmækɪntɒʃ/

mackintosh

manteau imperméable
Meaning
a waterproof raincoat, originally made from rubberized fabric
Example
He wore a mackintosh to stay dry in the rain.
Il portait un mackintosh pour rester au sec sous la pluie.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɛrənt/

inherent

inhérent
Meaning
Existing in something as a natural, permanent, or essential quality.
Example
There are inherent risks in extreme sports.
Il existe des risques inhérents dans les sports extrêmes.
C2 adjective /ˈɒkjʊlər/

ocular

oculaire
Meaning
Relating to the eye or vision.
Example
The patient was referred to a specialist for ocular treatment.
Le patient a été orienté vers un spécialiste pour un traitement oculaire.
C2 adjective /ɪˈfʌldʒənt/

effulgent

éclatant
Meaning
Shining brilliantly; radiant.
Example
Her effulgent smile brightened everyone's mood.
Son sourire éclatant a illuminé l'humeur de tout le monde.
A2 verb /ɪkˈsaɪt/

excite

exciter
Meaning
to cause strong feelings of enthusiasm or eagerness
Example
The idea of traveling abroad excites her.
L'idée de voyager à l'étranger l'excite.
C2 noun /ˌtrænspəˈzɪʃən/

transposition

transposition
Meaning
the act of changing the order or position of something
Example
The transposition of digits caused an error in the calculation.
La transposition des chiffres a causé une erreur dans le calcul.
A1 noun /skuːl/

school

école
Meaning
An institution for educating children; also a group of people sharing the same ideas or discipline.
Example
The children walked to school together.
Les enfants sont allés à l'école ensemble.
B2 adjective; verb (past/participle) /əˈʃʊrd/

assured

assuré
Meaning
confident and certain; guaranteed or made certain
Example
She felt assured that everything would work out.
Elle était assurée que tout irait bien.
B2 adjective /ˈnær.ə.tɪv/

Narrative

narratif; descriptif; racontant une histoire
Meaning
relating to storytelling; descriptive; telling a story; recounting events
Example
The narrative structure of the novel was quite complex.
La structure narrative du roman était assez complexe.
B2 noun ˈɡrævɪti

gravity

gravité
Meaning
The force that attracts a body toward the center of the earth, or toward any other physical body having mass.
Example
Gravity pulls objects towards the Earth's surface.
La gravité attire les objets vers la surface de la Terre.
B1 noun /feɪk/

Fake

contrefaçon; fraude; objet factice
Meaning
a thing that is not genuine; a forgery or sham
Example
The painting was discovered to be a fake worth very little money.
Le tableau a été découvert comme étant une contrefaçon d'une valeur très faible.
A2 verb /fɪks/

fix

réparer
Meaning
To repair or make something work again.
Example
The mechanic fixed the broken car.
Le mécanicien a réparé la voiture cassée.
C1 verb /əˈtjuːn/

attune

accorder
Meaning
to make someone or something aware of or responsive to something; to adjust or harmonize
Example
She quickly attuned herself to the needs of her new team.
Elle s’est rapidement accordée aux besoins de sa nouvelle équipe.
C2 noun /ˈæpəˌθɛm/

apothegm

maxime, dicton
Meaning
A short, witty, and instructive saying or maxim.
Example
His speech was filled with apothegms about life and success.
Son discours était rempli de maximes sur la vie et le succès.
C2 noun /beɪz/

baize

un type de tissu en laine épais
Meaning
A type of coarse woolen cloth, often green, used for covering tables such as billiard tables.
Example
The old card table was covered with worn baize.
La vieille table de cartes était recouverte de baize usé.
B1 adjective /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

Urgent

urgent
Meaning
requiring immediate action or attention; pressing
Example
The patient needs urgent medical attention.
Le patient a besoin d'une attention médicale urgente.
C2 noun /ˈklaɪmɪŋ fɪʃ/

Climbing-fish

poisson grimpeur
Meaning
a type of fish that can climb trees and survive out of water for short periods
Example
The climbing-fish can move from one pond to another by climbing trees.
Le poisson grimpeur peut se déplacer d'un étang à l'autre en grimpant aux arbres.
B1 noun ˈkraɪsɪs

crisis

crise
Meaning
A time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger.
Example
The financial crisis affected global markets.
La crise financière a affecté les marchés mondiaux.
B2 noun /ˈpɒlən/

pollen

pollen
Meaning
fine powder produced by flowers, used in fertilization
Example
Bees collect pollen from flowers to make honey.
Les abeilles collectent le pollen des fleurs pour fabriquer du miel.
C1 noun /dɪsˈlɛksiə/

dyslexia

dyslexie
Meaning
A learning disorder characterized by difficulty reading due to problems identifying speech sounds and decoding words.
Example
The teacher used special methods to help the student with dyslexia.
L'enseignant a utilisé des méthodes spéciales pour aider l'élève atteint de dyslexie.
A2 noun /skɪlz/

skills

compétences
Meaning
The ability to do something well; expertise.
Example
Learning new skills can increase personal and professional growth.
Apprendre de nouvelles compétences peut augmenter la croissance personnelle et professionnelle.
A1 adjective/adverb /ˈoʊnli/

only

seul
Meaning
without others; solely
Example
He is the only person who knows the secret.
Il est la seule personne qui connaît le secret.
B1 noun ˈproʊtest

protest

protestation
Meaning
A statement or action expressing disapproval of or objection to something.
Example
Students organized a protest.
Les étudiants ont organisé une manifestation.
B2 noun /əˌveɪləˈbɪləti/

availability

disponibilité
Meaning
the state of being able to be used or obtained
Example
The availability of clean water is crucial for health.
La disponibilité de l'eau potable est cruciale pour la santé.
A1 noun /ˈpɜːrsən/

person

personne
Meaning
an individual human being
Example
She is a kind person who always helps others.
C'est une personne gentille qui aide toujours les autres.
A1 adverb /haʊ/

how

comment
Meaning
in what way or manner; by what means
Example
How do you solve this problem?
Comment résolvez-vous ce problème?
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɡlɔːriəs/

inglorious

honteux
Meaning
Causing shame or disgrace; not bringing honor or glory.
Example
The army suffered an inglorious defeat.
L'armée a subi une défaite honteuse.
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.vən/

Raven

corbeau
Meaning
a large, black bird with a thick bill and harsh croaking voice
Example
The raven perched on the old oak tree and cawed loudly.
Le corbeau s’est perché sur le vieux chêne et a croassé bruyamment.
C2 adjective /rɪˈdjuːsəbl̩/

reducible

réductible
Meaning
capable of being simplified, lessened, or made smaller
Example
The problem is complex but reducible to a few basic principles.
Le problème est complexe mais réductible à quelques principes de base.
C1 adjective /ˈɡɔːri/

gory

sanglant
Meaning
involving or showing a lot of bloodshed and violence
Example
The movie was too gory for children.
Le film était trop sanglant pour les enfants.
B2 noun /əˈstrɒnəmər/

astronomer

astronome
Meaning
a scientist who studies the stars, planets, and the universe
Example
The astronomer observed the new comet through his telescope.
L'astronome a observé la nouvelle comète à travers son télescope.
B1 noun /ˈdʒɛntəlmən/

gentleman

gentleman
Meaning
a man who is polite, courteous, and honorable
Example
He opened the door for her like a true gentleman.
Il lui a ouvert la porte comme un véritable gentleman.
C1 noun /ˈmiːknəs/

Meekness

humilité
Meaning
The quality of being quiet, gentle, and submissive
Example
His meekness was often mistaken for weakness by his colleagues.
Sa humilité était souvent prise pour de la faiblesse par ses collègues.
B2 noun /əˈkjuːzd/

accused

accusé
Meaning
a person who has been charged with a crime
Example
The accused pleaded not guilty in court.
L'accusé a plaidé non coupable devant le tribunal.
A2 verb /bɜːrn/

burn

brûler
Meaning
to be on fire; to damage with fire or heat
Example
The candle will burn for several hours.
La bougie brûlera pendant plusieurs heures.
B2 noun hɛdʒ

hedge

stratégie de couverture
Meaning
A way of protecting oneself against financial loss or other adverse circumstances.
Example
Investors use hedging strategies to protect against market volatility.
Les investisseurs utilisent des stratégies de couverture pour se protéger contre la volatilité du marché.
B2 verb /klæʃ/

clash

collision
Meaning
to come into conflict or collision with something or someone.
Example
The two cars clashed in the intersection.
Les deux voitures se sont percutées à l'intersection.
B2 noun səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ɪ.ti

sustainability

durabilité
Meaning
The ability to be maintained at a certain rate or level; the avoidance of the depletion of natural resources in order to maintain ecological balance.
Example
Sustainability ensures long-term environmental health.
La durabilité assure la santé environnementale à long terme.
C1 adverb /ˈɪnwərdli/

inwardly

intérieurement
Meaning
In the mind or spirit; not outwardly visible.
Example
She smiled outwardly but inwardly she was worried.
Elle a souri extérieurement, mais intérieurement elle était inquiète.
B1 adjective kəˈmɜː.ʃəl

commercial

commercial
Meaning
Concerned with or engaged in commerce; having profit as a primary aim rather than artistic or other value.
Example
Commercial hubs attract investments.
Les centres commerciaux attirent les investissements.
C1 noun /helm/

Helm

barre
Meaning
a tiller or wheel for steering a ship or boat; a position of leadership or control
Example
The experienced captain took the helm and expertly navigated the ship through the storm.
Le capitaine expérimenté a pris la barre et a navigué le navire à travers la tempête avec expertise.
B1 noun /ˈbɔr.dər/

Border

frontière
Meaning
a line separating two political or geographical areas, especially countries
Example
They crossed the border between France and Spain by train.
Ils ont traversé la frontière entre la France et l'Espagne en train.
B2 noun ˈpærəˌlɛlz

parallels

parallèles
Meaning
Similarities or comparisons between two different things or situations
Example
There are parallels between Japan's aging issues and Bangladesh's situation.
Il existe des parallèles entre les problèmes de vieillissement du Japon et la situation du Bangladesh.
C1 adjective /ˈplʌk.i/

plucky

courageux
Meaning
having or showing courage and determination
Example
The plucky child rescued the kitten from the tree.
L'enfant courageux a sauvé le chaton de l'arbre.
C2 noun /ˈpɒsi/

posse

gang / groupe d'amis
Meaning
A group of people, often friends or a group organized to support or enforce the law.
Example
He arrived at the party with his posse of friends.
Il est arrivé à la fête avec son groupe d'amis.
B2 adjective /ɪˈmens/

Immense

immense; colossal; énorme
Meaning
extremely large or great; huge
Example
The immense mountain range stretched across the horizon.
La chaîne de montagnes immense s'étendait à travers l'horizon.
B2 verb /snæp/

snap

casser
Meaning
to break suddenly; to speak angrily; to take a photograph quickly
Example
The rope snapped under the weight.
La corde a cassé sous le poids.
C2 adjective ˈkoʊ.dʒənt

cogent

cogent
Meaning
Clear, logical, and convincing.
Example
His cogent argument convinced the jury.
Son argument cohérent a convaincu le jury.