squint
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C1 verb /skwɪnt/

squint

plisser les yeux
Meaning
to look with partly closed eyes
Example
She squinted at the bright sunlight.
Elle plissa les yeux à cause de la lumière brillante du soleil.
B2 verb /kəˈlæps/

collapse

s'effondrer
Meaning
to fall down or inward suddenly; to break down completely
Example
The old building collapsed after the earthquake.
Le vieux bâtiment s'est effondré après le tremblement de terre.
A2 preposition /pɜːr/

per

par
Meaning
for each, according to
Example
The tickets are priced at $20 per person.
Les billets sont au prix de 20 $ par personne.
B2 adjective /ˈsoʊpi/

Soapy

couvert de savon; mousseux
Meaning
covered with soap; having the characteristics of soap; foamy
Example
The dishes were still soapy after washing.
Les assiettes étaient toujours savonneuses après le lavage.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒn.ɪ.fər.əs/

coniferous

relatif aux arbres portant des cônes
Meaning
Relating to cone-bearing trees that usually have needle-like leaves and remain green year-round.
Example
Pine trees are coniferous and grow in colder climates.
Les pins sont des conifères et poussent dans des climats plus froids.
C1 adjective /dɪˈmɒnstrətɪv/

demonstrative

expressif
Meaning
openly showing feelings, especially affection or emotion
Example
She was very demonstrative with her affection towards her friends.
Elle était très expressive avec son affection envers ses amis.
C1 noun ˈtɑksɪk ɪˈmɪʃənz

toxic emissions

émissions toxiques
Meaning
Harmful or poisonous substances released into the environment, especially the atmosphere.
Example
Toxic emissions from vehicles pollute the atmosphere.
Les émissions toxiques des véhicules polluent l'atmosphère.
B2 noun /ˈfʊtɪdʒ/

footage

enregistrement vidéo
Meaning
a recorded film or video, especially one that is used for news or documentaries
Example
The footage of the protest was shown on television all day.
Les images de la manifestation ont été diffusées à la télévision toute la journée.
C2 noun /ˌpɪəriəˈdɪsɪti/

periodicity

périodicité
Meaning
The quality or state of being regular or recurring at intervals.
Example
The periodicity of the moon’s phases has fascinated humans for centuries.
La périodicité des phases de la lune fascine les humains depuis des siècles.
C1 noun /kənˈspɪrə.tər/

conspirator

conspirateur
Meaning
a person who secretly plans with others to do something unlawful or harmful
Example
The conspirator was arrested before the plan could be carried out.
Le conspirateur a été arrêté avant que le plan ne puisse être mis à exécution.
C1 noun ˈɪm.pɪ.təs

impetus

impulsion
Meaning
The force or motivation that drives something forward; momentum.
Example
The new policy provided an impetus for economic growth.
La nouvelle politique a donné un élan à la croissance économique.
C1 noun /rɪˈpɔːrtɪʒ/

reportage

reportage
Meaning
the act of reporting news or describing events in the media
Example
The magazine is known for its detailed reportage of political issues.
Le magazine est connu pour son reportage détaillé sur les questions politiques.
C2 noun /sɜːrˈsiːs/

surcease

cessation
Meaning
a temporary or final ending or stopping of something
Example
The noise finally came to a surcease after midnight.
Le bruit a finalement cessé après minuit.
C2 noun /ˈbrɒŋkəs/

bronchus

bronche
Meaning
either of the two main branches of the trachea that lead directly into the lungs
Example
The left bronchus carries air into the left lung.
Le bronchus gauche transporte l'air dans le poumon gauche.
A2 noun /ˈbʌdi/

buddy

pote
Meaning
a close friend or companion, used informally
Example
He went to the movies with his best buddy.
Il est allé au cinéma avec son meilleur pote.
C1 noun ˈdʒɛnɪsɪs

genesis

genèse, origine
Meaning
The origin or mode of formation of something.
Example
The genesis of the internet changed the world forever.
La genèse d'Internet a changé le monde à jamais.
B1 noun /ˈsʌb.ɜːb/

Suburb

banlieue
Meaning
a residential area outside the central part of a city; an outlying district of a city
Example
They moved to a quiet suburb to raise their children away from city noise.
Ils ont déménagé dans un quartier résidentiel tranquille pour élever leurs enfants loin du bruit de la ville.
A2 adjective /mɪkst/

mixed

mélangé
Meaning
consisting of different elements or having varied opinions or feelings
Example
The audience had mixed reactions to the film.
Le public a eu des réactions partagées face au film.
B2 noun, verb, adjective /ˈpeɪtənt/ or /ˈpætənt/

patent

brevet
Meaning
a government license granting exclusive rights to an inventor; also to obtain such rights
Example
He patented his new invention to protect it from being copied.
Il a breveté sa nouvelle invention pour la protéger contre la copie.
C1 noun ˈklaɪmət ˌrɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən

climate regulation

régulation du climat
Meaning
The moderation of climate conditions through natural or artificial processes.
Example
Forests help in climate regulation by stabilizing local temperatures.
Les forêts aident à la régulation du climat en stabilisant les températures locales.
C2 verb /dʌn/

dun

exiger le paiement d'une dette
Meaning
to demand payment of a debt persistently
Example
The landlord dunned the tenant for unpaid rent.
Le propriétaire a demandé plusieurs fois le loyer impayé.
C1 verb /rɪˈɡrɛs/

regress

régresser
Meaning
To return to a former or less developed state.
Example
Without proper guidance, the child's progress began to regress.
Sans une direction appropriée, les progrès de l'enfant ont commencé à régresser.
C2 noun/adjective /ˈlæpɪˌdɛri/

lapidary

lapidaire
Meaning
As noun: a person who cuts, polishes, or engraves precious stones; As adjective: relating to such work.
Example
The museum displayed lapidary tools used in ancient times.
Le musée a exposé des outils lapidaires utilisés dans les temps anciens.
C2 noun /bɑːrd/

bard

poète
Meaning
a poet, traditionally one reciting epics and associated with oral traditions
Example
Shakespeare is often called the Bard of Avon.
Shakespeare est souvent appelé le poète de l'Avon.
C2 noun /ˌɡlæd.iˈoʊ.ləs/

Gladiolus

glaïeul
Meaning
A tall flowering plant with sword-shaped leaves and colorful spike-like flower clusters, popular in gardens and floral arrangements
Example
The gladiolus stood tall and elegant in the flower bed.
Le glaïeul se tenait droit et élégant dans le parterre de fleurs.
C1 noun kənˈfɔː.mə.ti

conformity

conformité, obéissance, conformité
Meaning
Compliance with standards, rules, or laws. Behavior in accordance with socially accepted conventions.
Example
Strict conformity to the rules ensures order in society.
La conformité stricte aux règles garantit l'ordre dans la société.
B2 noun /ˈsɛnsəs/

census

recensement
Meaning
An official count or survey of a population, typically recording various details of individuals.
Example
The government conducted a census to update demographic data.
Le gouvernement a effectué un recensement pour mettre à jour les données démographiques.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈfɛnsəbl̩/

indefensible

indéfendable
Meaning
not able to be protected or justified
Example
The minister’s remarks were considered indefensible by the public.
Les remarques du ministre ont été jugées indéfendables par le public.
C2 noun /kəˈlɒsəti/

callosity

peau épaissie
Meaning
A thickened or hardened area of skin; insensitivity or hardness of character.
Example
Years of manual labor left callosity on his hands.
Des années de travail manuel ont laissé de la callosité sur ses mains.
C1 adjective + noun ˈfeɪvərəbəl klaɪˈmætɪk kənˈdɪʃənz

favorable climatic conditions

conditions climatiques favorables
Meaning
Weather conditions that are suitable and beneficial for growth or development
Example
Winter offers favorable climatic conditions for farming.
L'hiver offre des conditions climatiques favorables à l'agriculture.
C2 noun /ˈlev.ɪ.ti/

Levity

légèreté; frivolité; manque de respect
Meaning
humor or frivolity, especially the treatment of a serious matter with humor or in a manner lacking due respect
Example
The levity in the courtroom was inappropriate.
La légèreté dans la salle d'audience était inappropriée.
C2 noun /ɪˌlɛkˈtrɑː.lə.sɪs/

electrolysis

électrolyse
Meaning
A chemical decomposition produced by passing an electric current through a liquid or solution.
Example
Electrolysis is used to separate hydrogen from water.
L'électrolyse est utilisée pour séparer l'hydrogène de l'eau.
A2 noun /ˈdrɔːər/

drawer

tiroir
Meaning
a box-shaped storage compartment that slides in and out of furniture
Example
She kept her jewelry in the top drawer of the dresser.
Elle a mis ses bijoux dans le tiroir du dessus de la commode.
B1 noun /ɪkˈsep.ʃən/

Exception

exception
Meaning
a person or thing that is excluded from a general statement or does not follow a rule
Example
Most students passed the exam, with the exception of a few who were absent.
La plupart des étudiants ont réussi l'examen, à l'exception de quelques-uns qui étaient absents.
B2 verb əˈkwaɪər

acquire

acquérir
Meaning
To gain or obtain something, especially knowledge or skills, through effort or experience.
Example
Volunteers acquire new skills through their experiences.
Les bénévoles acquièrent de nouvelles compétences grâce à leurs expériences.
C2 adjective /dɪˈstreɪ/

distrait

distrait
Meaning
deeply distracted or absent-minded, often due to worry or grief
Example
He looked distrait after hearing the sad news.
Il avait l'air distrait après avoir entendu les mauvaises nouvelles.
C2 noun /ˈflɪpənsi/

flippancy

légèreté
Meaning
lack of seriousness; showing a disrespectful or trivial attitude
Example
His flippancy during the meeting offended his colleagues.
Sa légèreté pendant la réunion a offensé ses collègues.
B1 noun /soʊl/

Soul

âme
Meaning
the spiritual or immaterial essence of a human being or animal; a person's emotional or intellectual nature
Example
She poured her heart and soul into her artwork.
Elle a mis son cœur et son âme dans son œuvre d'art.
C1 adjective /ˌærɪˈstɒkrætɪk/

Aristocratic

aristocratique; noble
Meaning
noble; having the manners of the upper class
Example
She had an aristocratic bearing that commanded respect.
Elle avait une allure aristocratique qui imposait le respect.
C2 adjective /ˌʌnsɛrəˈmoʊniəs/

unceremonious

sans cérémonie/rude
Meaning
Done without formality or courtesy; abrupt or rude.
Example
He made an unceremonious exit from the party.
Il a fait une sortie sans cérémonie de la fête.
B1 noun /bɔɪl/

Boil

furoncle
Meaning
a painful, pus-filled bump under the skin caused by infected hair follicles
Example
The painful boil on his neck required medical treatment.
Le furoncle douloureux sur son cou a nécessité un traitement médical.
C2 adjective /ˈboʊvaɪn/

bovine

lié au bétail
Meaning
relating to cattle; showing a dull or sluggish nature
Example
Her bovine expression revealed no emotions.
Son expression bovine n'a révélé aucune émotion.
C2 adjective /məˈlɛfɪsənt/

maleficent

maléfique
Meaning
Causing harm or destruction, especially by supernatural means.
Example
The maleficent witch cursed the young princess.
La sorcière maléfique a maudit la jeune princesse.
A1 verb /keɪm/

came

venu
Meaning
past tense of 'come'
Example
She came to the party on time.
Elle est venue à la fête à l'heure.
C2 verb /ˈdʒæbər/

jabber

bavarder
Meaning
To talk quickly and excitedly but with little sense.
Example
The children jabbered happily after the show.
Les enfants bavardaient joyeusement après le spectacle.
B2 noun /ˈaɪrəni/

irony

ironie
Meaning
a situation that is strange or amusing because it is the opposite of what is expected; the use of words to convey the opposite meaning
Example
The irony of the situation was that the winner forgot his own prize.
L'ironie de la situation était que le gagnant avait oublié son propre prix.
C2 noun /ˌniːoʊˈpeɪɡənɪzəm/

neopaganism

néopaganisme
Meaning
Modern religious movements influenced by or claiming to be derived from the various historical pagan beliefs of pre-modern Europe.
Example
Neopaganism has gained popularity as people seek spiritual alternatives to mainstream religions.
Le néopaganisme a gagné en popularité à mesure que les gens recherchent des alternatives spirituelles aux religions dominantes.
B2 noun, verb /ˌɪnkənˈviːniəns/

inconvenience

désagrément
Meaning
trouble or difficulty caused to someone; to cause trouble or difficulty to someone
Example
We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the delay.
Nous nous excusons pour tout désagrément causé par le retard.
B2 noun /ˈtæk.tɪk/

Tactic

stratégie; tactique
Meaning
a plan or method for achieving something; a strategy used to accomplish a goal
Example
The coach used a new tactic to win the game.
L'entraîneur a utilisé une nouvelle tactique pour gagner le match.
B1 noun /ˈpæsɪŋ/

passing

passage, décès
Meaning
the act of moving past something or the end of someone's life
Example
The passing of the leader was a great loss for the nation.
Le passage du leader a été une grande perte pour la nation.
A1 adjective, noun, adverb, verb (past tense of leave) /lɛft/

left

gauche
Meaning
on or towards the side of the body that is to the west when facing north
Example
He turned left at the intersection.
Il a tourné à gauche au carrefour.
B2 adjective /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪdʒd/

disadvantaged

désavantagé
Meaning
Lacking the basic resources or conditions needed for a good standard of living or equal opportunities.
Example
The program provides support to disadvantaged children.
Le programme fournit un soutien aux enfants désavantagés.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

incomplete

incomplet
Meaning
Not finished, lacking some parts or not whole.
Example
Her report was incomplete and needed further details.
Son rapport était incomplet et nécessitait des détails supplémentaires.
C1 verb /dɪˈluːd/

delude

tromper
Meaning
To mislead someone into believing something that is not true.
Example
He deluded himself into thinking he could win the race without training.
Il s'est trompé lui-même en pensant qu'il pouvait gagner la course sans s'entraîner.
C2 adjective /ɪkˈspɒzɪtəri/

expository

expositif
Meaning
intended to explain or describe something
Example
The teacher gave an expository lecture on the topic.
Le professeur a donné une conférence expositive sur le sujet.
C1 noun /treɪd fəˌsɪl.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

trade facilitation

facilitation du commerce
Meaning
The simplification, modernization and harmonization of export and import processes.
Example
Trade facilitation boosts economic growth.
La facilitation du commerce stimule la croissance économique.
C2 adjective /ˌpɛrənˈθɛtɪkəl/

parenthetical

commentaire entre parenthèses
Meaning
Relating to or expressed in parentheses; a side remark or digression.
Example
He added a parenthetical comment during the lecture.
Il a ajouté un commentaire entre parenthèses pendant la conférence.
A1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.dən/

Garden

jardin
Meaning
a piece of ground, often near a house, used for growing flowers, fruit, or vegetables
Example
She spent her morning tending to the roses in her beautiful garden.
Elle a passé sa matinée à s'occuper des roses dans son beau jardin.
C2 noun /pɜːrtʃt raɪs/

Perched rice

riz soufflé
Meaning
puffed rice; rice that has been heated and puffed into light, crispy grains
Example
I enjoy eating puffed rice as a healthy snack.
J'aime manger du riz soufflé comme collation saine.
B2 noun /ˈdoʊnər/

donor

donneur
Meaning
A person who gives something, especially to a charity or cause.
Example
The donor contributed generously to the hospital’s new wing.
Le donneur a généreusement contribué à la nouvelle aile de l'hôpital.
B2 adjective /ˈjuːθfəl/

Youthful

jeune; énergique et frais
Meaning
having the qualities of youth; energetic and fresh
Example
Her youthful energy impressed everyone at work.
Son énergie jeune a impressionné tout le monde au travail.
B2 noun/adjective /kənˈstɪtʃuənt/

constituent

composant / électeur
Meaning
Noun: A member of a constituency or an essential part of something. Adjective: Being a necessary part of a whole.
Example
The senator met with his constituents to discuss local issues.
Le sénateur a rencontré ses électeurs pour discuter des problèmes locaux.
C2 noun /ˌniːoʊˈdɑːrwɪnɪzəm/

neo-darwinism

néo-darwinisme
Meaning
A modern interpretation of Darwin's theory of evolution, integrating genetics and natural selection.
Example
Neo-Darwinism combines Darwin’s theory of natural selection with modern genetics.
Le néo-darwinisme combine la théorie de la sélection naturelle de Darwin avec la génétique moderne.
B1 verb /ˈkæri aʊt/

carry out

effectuer
Meaning
to perform or complete a task; to execute a plan
Example
The team carries out the project successfully.
L'équipe réalise le projet avec succès.
A2 noun /kæb/

cab

taxi
Meaning
a taxi or car for hire with a driver
Example
We took a cab to the airport.
Nous avons pris un taxi pour l'aéroport.
B2 noun /ˈkʊk.uː/

Cuckoo

coucou
Meaning
a bird known for its distinctive call and for laying eggs in other birds' nests
Example
We heard the cuckoo calling from the forest early in the morning.
Nous avons entendu le chant du coucou depuis la forêt tôt le matin.
B2 adjective /ˈpɒlɪʃt/

polished

soigné, raffiné et élégant
Meaning
refined, sophisticated, and elegant in appearance or behavior
Example
She gave a polished performance at the recital.
Elle a donné une performance soignée lors du récital.
C2 adjective /rɪˈkʌmbənt/

recumbent

couché
Meaning
lying down or in a resting position
Example
He was found recumbent on the sofa after a long day.
Il a été trouvé allongé sur le canapé après une longue journée.
A1 determiner/pronoun/conjunction/adverb /ˈaɪðər/ or /ˈiːðər/

either

soit l'un
Meaning
Used to indicate a choice between two alternatives.
Example
You can either call me tonight or send me an email.
Vous pouvez soit m'appeler ce soir, soit m'envoyer un e-mail.
B2 verb /ɪˈnækt/

enact

promulguer
Meaning
to make into law; to perform or act out
Example
The government decided to enact a new policy on education.
Le gouvernement a décidé de promulguer une nouvelle politique en matière d'éducation.
A2 noun /ˈmɪr.ər/

Mirror

miroir
Meaning
a reflective surface that shows an image of whatever is in front of it
Example
She looked at herself in the mirror.
Elle s'est regardée dans le miroir.
B2 adjective /ˈmænɪdʒəbəl/

Manageable

gérable; contrôlable
Meaning
able to be controlled or dealt with; feasible
Example
The workload is manageable if we plan properly.
La charge de travail est gérable si nous planifions correctement.
C1 noun /ˈdʒɔːn.dɪs/

jaundice

ictère
Meaning
A medical condition in which the skin and eyes become yellow due to liver problems.
Example
The doctor diagnosed the baby with jaundice.
Le médecin a diagnostiqué le bébé avec de l'ictère.
B2 noun ˌsɛlf.kənˈtrəʊl

self-control

autocontrôle
Meaning
The ability to control one's emotions, behavior, and desires in order to obtain some reward, or avoid some punishment, typically in the longer term.
Example
Self-control is important for maintaining a balanced life.
Le contrôle de soi est important pour maintenir une vie équilibrée.
C2 adjective /rɪˈzɪstləs/

resistless

irrésistible
Meaning
Impossible to resist; having an overpowering effect.
Example
She felt a resistless urge to laugh at the joke.
Elle a ressenti une envie irrésistible de rire à la blague.
B2 noun /ˈraɪdər/

rider

cavalier
Meaning
A person who rides a horse, bicycle, motorcycle, or other vehicle.
Example
The rider fell off the horse.
Le cavalier est tombé de cheval.
C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrdənt/

verdant

verdoyant
Meaning
Green with grass or other rich vegetation; lush and fertile.
Example
The hills looked verdant after the monsoon rains.
Les collines semblaient verdoyantes après les pluies de la mousson.
B2 noun /rɪˈstrɪk.ʃən/

Restriction

restriction; limitation; contrôle
Meaning
a limiting condition or measure; the limitation or control of someone or something
Example
There are strict restrictions on smoking in public places.
Il existe de strictes restrictions sur le tabagisme dans les lieux publics.
B2 adjective /ˈtrʌst.fəl/

Trustful

confiant; qui a ou montre de la confiance
Meaning
having or showing trust in someone or something; trusting
Example
She was too trustful and believed everything he said.
Elle était trop confiante et croyait tout ce qu'il disait.
B1 noun /læd/

lad

garçon
Meaning
a boy or young man; a male youth
Example
The young lad helped his father in the shop.
Le garçon a aidé son père dans la boutique.
B1 noun /əˈfer/

Affair

affaire; événement;
Meaning
an event or situation; a matter that someone deals with
Example
The wedding was a grand affair with hundreds of guests.
Le mariage était un grand événement avec des centaines d'invités.
C2 verb /ɪˈfɛktʃueɪt/

effectuate

effectuer
Meaning
to put into force or cause to happen; to bring about
Example
The manager effectuated the changes to improve efficiency.
Le manager a effectué les changements pour améliorer l'efficacité.
B2 noun /ˌæljuˈmɪniəm/

aluminium

aluminium
Meaning
a lightweight, silvery-white metal used widely in manufacturing and packaging
Example
Aluminium is commonly used to make cans and aircraft parts.
L’aluminium est utilisé pour fabriquer des canettes.
C1 adjective sɪˈmæn.tɪk

semantic

relatif au sens dans le langage
Meaning
Related to meaning in language; concerning the interpretation of words and sentences.
Example
AI models use semantic analysis to understand context.
Les modèles d'IA utilisent l'analyse sémantique pour comprendre le contexte.
B2 adjective /ˌkɑː.di.əʊˈvæs.kjʊ.lər/

cardiovascular

relatif au cœur et aux vaisseaux sanguins
Meaning
Relating to the heart and blood vessels.
Example
Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health.
L'exercice régulier améliore la santé cardiovasculaire.
C1 noun /ˈmoʊɡəl/

mogul

mogul
Meaning
A powerful or influential person, especially in business or media.
Example
He became a tech mogul by founding a billion-dollar company.
Il est devenu un mogul de la technologie en fondant une entreprise d'un milliard de dollars.
C1 adjective /ˈtɛsti/

testy

irritable
Meaning
Easily irritated or annoyed.
Example
He became testy when asked the same question repeatedly.
Il est devenu irritable lorsqu'on lui a posé la même question à plusieurs reprises.
C1 verb /ˈpleɪdʒəraɪz/

plagiarize

plagier
Meaning
to take someone else's work or ideas and present them as your own
Example
He was warned not to plagiarize his friend's essay.
Il a été averti de ne pas plagier l'essai de son ami.
B2 adverb /əˈtræktɪvli/

attractively

de manière attrayante
Meaning
in a pleasing or appealing way; in a manner that draws interest or admiration
Example
The room was attractively decorated with soft lights and plants.
La pièce était décorée de manière attrayante avec des lumières douces et des plantes.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkrɪˈdjuːləti/

incredulity

incrédulité
Meaning
the state of being unwilling or unable to believe something
Example
She looked at him with incredulity after hearing the strange story.
Elle le regarda avec incrédulité après avoir entendu l'histoire étrange.
C2 adjective /ˌdɛməˈnaɪəkəl/

demoniacal

démoniaque
Meaning
characteristic of or resembling a demon; wildly evil
Example
He gave a demoniacal laugh that terrified everyone.
Il a donné un rire démoniaque qui a terrifié tout le monde.
C1 noun /ˈmuːdi.nəs/

moodiness

instabilité émotionnelle
Meaning
The state of being frequently subject to changes in mood, especially irritability or sadness.
Example
Her moodiness made it difficult to predict how she would react.
Son instabilité émotionnelle rendait difficile de prédire comment elle réagirait.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

provenance
Meaning
The origin or source of something.
Example
The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.
Le musée a vérifié l'origine du manuscrit ancien.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈfeɪ.vər.ə.bəl/

Unfavourable

défavorable; adverse
Meaning
not helpful or advantageous; adverse
Example
The weather conditions were unfavourable for our outdoor event.
Les conditions météorologiques étaient défavorables pour notre événement extérieur.
C1 adverb /ˈleŋθ.waɪz/

Lengthwise

dans le sens de la longueur; selon la direction la plus longue
Meaning
in the direction of the length; along the longest dimension
Example
Fold the paper lengthwise to make it easier to carry.
Pliez le papier dans le sens de la longueur pour le rendre plus facile à transporter.
B1 adjective /ˈæn.ju.əl/

annual

annuel
Meaning
happening once every year
Example
The company holds an annual meeting for all its shareholders.
L'entreprise organise une réunion annuelle pour tous ses actionnaires.
C1 adjective /ˌfɪl.ænˈθrɒp.ɪk/

philanthropic

philanthropique
Meaning
showing concern for the welfare of others; generous and charitable
Example
She is known for her philanthropic activities in the city.
Elle est connue pour ses activités philanthropiques dans la ville.
A1 noun /lɛɡ/

leg

jambe
Meaning
one of the limbs on which a person or animal walks and stands
Example
He injured his leg while playing football.
Il s'est blessé à la jambe en jouant au football.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

infaillible
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
Son jugement semblait infaillible en matière de finances.
C1 adjective /ˈræɡ.ɪd/

Ragged

déchiré; usé; en haillons
Meaning
torn; tattered; frayed; shabby
Example
The homeless man wore ragged clothes.
L'homme sans abri portait des vêtements déchirés.
A2 adjective /laɪt ɡriːn/

Light green

vert clair
Meaning
a pale shade of green color; not dark green
Example
She wore a light green dress to the garden party.
Elle portait une robe verte claire à la fête dans le jardin.
C2 noun /draɪ ɡuːs ˈbɛri/

Dry goose berry

groseille séchée
Meaning
dehydrated amla fruit, rich in vitamin C and used for medicinal and culinary purposes
Example
Dry goose berry powder is excellent for hair growth.
La poudre de groseille séchée est excellente pour la croissance des cheveux.
C2 noun /ˌspoʊliˈeɪʃən/

spoliation

destruction
Meaning
The act of destroying or ruining something, often evidence or property.
Example
The court punished the company for the spoliation of evidence.
Le tribunal a puni l'entreprise pour la spoliation des preuves.
A1 preposition /ˈʌndər/

under

sous
Meaning
in or to a lower position than something
Example
The cat is under the table.
Le chat est sous la table.
B2 adjective ˈɪn.tɪ.ɡrəl

integral

intégral
Meaning
Necessary to make a complete whole; essential or fundamental.
Example
Exercise is an integral part of a healthy lifestyle.
L'exercice est une partie intégrante d'un mode de vie sain.
B1 noun/verb /ˈmætərz/

matters

questions / importer
Meaning
important topics, concerns, or issues; as a verb, to be of importance or significance
Example
What she thinks really matters to me.
Ce que elle pense compte vraiment pour moi.
A2 noun /ˈden.tɪst/

Dentist

dentiste
Meaning
a medical professional who treats teeth and oral health
Example
I need to visit the dentist for a regular checkup.
Je dois rendre visite au dentiste pour un contrôle régulier.
B2 noun ˈsʌbstɪˌtut

substitute

substitut
Meaning
A person or thing acting or serving in place of another.
Example
Money cannot be a substitute for genuine happiness.
L'argent ne peut pas être un substitut du bonheur véritable.
C1 noun /pɪˌdɛs.tri.ə.naɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

pedestrianization

pédestrianisation
Meaning
Making areas pedestrian-friendly, closing any area to vehicle traffic and making it open only for pedestrians.
Example
The pedestrianization of city centers reduces pollution.
La piétonnisation des centres-villes réduit la pollution.
C1 noun /ˈædʒʌŋkt/

adjunct

adjoint
Meaning
a thing added to something else as a supplementary part
Example
The professor worked as an adjunct at the university.
Le professeur travaillait comme adjoint à l'université.
C1 noun /kəˈlæm.ɪ.ti/

Calamity

calamité; désastre
Meaning
an event causing great and often sudden damage or distress; a disaster
Example
The earthquake was a terrible calamity that affected thousands of families.
Le tremblement de terre était une terrible calamité qui a affecté des milliers de familles.
C2 noun /ˈlætɪs/

lattice

structure en treillis
Meaning
A structure of crossed strips arranged in a grid or crisscross pattern.
Example
The garden was decorated with a wooden lattice covered in vines.
Le jardin était décoré d'une structure en treillis en bois recouverte de vignes.
C1 adjective /əbˈdʒek.ʃən.ə.bəl/

Objectionable

objectionnable
Meaning
arousing distaste or opposition; unpleasant or offensive
Example
His objectionable behavior made everyone uncomfortable.
Son comportement objectionnable a rendu tout le monde mal à l'aise.
B2 adjective /ɪkˈskluːdɪd/

Excluded

exclu; marginalisé
Meaning
not included; left out; barred from participation
Example
He felt excluded from the group activities and conversations.
Il se sentait exclu des activités de groupe et des conversations.
B2 noun /ˈdɔːr.mæt/

Door-mat

paillasson
Meaning
a mat placed in front of a door for wiping feet
Example
Please wipe your feet on the door-mat before entering the house.
Veuillez essuyer vos pieds sur le paillasson avant d'entrer dans la maison.
A2 noun /ʃɔːrts/

shorts

shorts
Meaning
a short garment worn on the lower half of the body that covers each leg separately, usually above the knees.
Example
He wore a pair of blue shorts to the beach.
Il portait un short bleu à la plage.
B2 noun /kəˈmɒ.dɪ.tiz/

commodities

marchandises
Meaning
Raw materials or primary agricultural products that can be bought and sold.
Example
The prices of commodities like oil and gold fluctuate frequently.
Les prix des marchandises comme le pétrole et l'or fluctuent fréquemment.
C1 noun/verb /ɪˈstiːm/

esteem

estime
Meaning
Respect and admiration, typically for a person.
Example
She is held in high esteem by her colleagues.
Elle est très respectée par ses collègues.
B2 noun /ɪnˈfɪnɪti/

infinity

infini
Meaning
A concept describing something without any limit or end.
Example
The universe seems to stretch into infinity.
L'univers semble s'étendre à l'infini.
C2 adjective /sərˈkjuːɪtəs/

circuitous

route indirecte
Meaning
Longer than the most direct way; roundabout.
Example
He took a circuitous route to avoid traffic.
Il a pris une route indirecte pour éviter le trafic.
B2 verb /fʊlˈfɪl/

fulfill

accomplir
Meaning
to complete or accomplish something, especially a task or promise
Example
He worked hard to fulfill his dreams.
Il a travaillé dur pour réaliser ses rêves.