smoke
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A2 noun /sməʊk/

smoke

fumée
Meaning
A visible suspension of carbon or other particles in air, typically one emitted from a burning substance.
Example
Smoke from vehicles worsens air quality.
La fumée des véhicules aggrave la qualité de l'air.
C2 noun /ˈdʒuː.dɪˌkeɪ.tʃər/

judicature

système judiciaire
Meaning
the administration of justice or the system of courts
Example
The judicature ensures that laws are fairly applied.
Le système judiciaire veille à ce que les lois soient appliquées de manière équitable.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈendɪŋ/

Unending

sans fin
Meaning
continuing forever; without end
Example
The unending rain made the day feel gloomy.
La pluie sans fin a rendu la journée morose.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.trəˈspek.tɪv

introspective

introspectif
Meaning
Characterized by or given to introspection; examining one's own thoughts and feelings.
Example
Writers tend to be highly introspective individuals.
Les écrivains ont tendance à être des individus très introspectifs.
C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanour

comportement
Meaning
a person's outward behavior or appearance
Example
Her calm demeanour impressed everyone during the meeting.
Son comportement calme a impressionné tout le monde lors de la réunion.
C1 noun /ˈwiː.vər/

Weaver

tisserand
Meaning
a person who makes cloth by interlacing threads on a loom
Example
The skilled weaver created intricate patterns on the silk fabric.
Le tisserand habile a créé des motifs complexes sur le tissu en soie.
C1 noun /ˈmɑːrtərdəm/

Martyrdom

martyre
Meaning
The suffering of death on account of adherence to a cause or principle
Example
His martyrdom inspired countless others to join the freedom movement.
Son martyre a inspiré d'innombrables autres à rejoindre le mouvement de la liberté.
C2 noun /prəˈlɪksɪti/

prolixity

prolixité
Meaning
the quality of being tediously wordy and long
Example
The book’s prolixity made it difficult to read in one sitting.
La prolixité du livre rendait difficile de le lire en une seule séance.
C1 noun /ˈrɛtɪsəns/

reticence

réticence
Meaning
the quality of being reserved or unwilling to speak freely
Example
His reticence made it difficult to know what he was thinking.
Sa réticence rendait difficile de savoir ce qu'il pensait.
B2 noun /ˈwɔːl.nʌt/

Walnut

noix
Meaning
an edible nut with a hard shell and a wrinkled appearance
Example
I love to eat walnuts with honey for breakfast.
J'adore manger des noix avec du miel au petit déjeuner.
B1 noun /ˈsʌməri/

summary

résumé
Meaning
A brief statement of the main points of something.
Example
She wrote a summary of the book for her class.
Elle a écrit un résumé du livre pour sa classe.
C1 noun /ˈæntlɚ/

antler

corne de cerf
Meaning
The branched horns on the head of a deer or similar animal, usually shed and regrown annually.
Example
The deer’s antlers grew larger each year.
Les cornes de cerf devenaient plus grandes chaque année.
C2 noun /ˈrɒndoʊ/

rondo

composition musicale (avec un thème récurrent)
Meaning
a musical composition with a recurring leading theme
Example
The pianist ended the recital with a lively rondo.
Le pianiste a terminé le récital par un rondo animé.
C1 noun /ɪˈnæməl/

enamel

émail
Meaning
a hard, glossy substance used as a protective or decorative coating; the hard outer layer of teeth
Example
The dentist explained that enamel protects the teeth from decay.
Le dentiste a expliqué que l'émail protège les dents contre la carie.
C2 adjective /nɑːrld/

gnarled

tordu
Meaning
Twisted, rough, and knotted, especially with age.
Example
The old man had gnarled hands from years of hard work.
L'homme âgé avait les mains tordues à force d'années de travail acharné.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

incompatibility

incompatibilité
Meaning
the state of being unable to exist or work together harmoniously; lack of compatibility
Example
The project failed because of incompatibility between the two software systems.
Le projet a échoué à cause de l’incompatibilité entre les deux systèmes logiciels.
A2 verb /kənˈfjuːz/

confuse

confondre
Meaning
To make someone unable to think clearly; to bewilder.
Example
The complex instructions confused the students.
Les instructions complexes ont dérouté les étudiants.
A1 adjective /smɔːl/

Small

petit; limité; étroit
Meaning
little in size; not large; limited in extent or amount
Example
She lives in a small apartment near the university.
Elle vit dans un petit appartement près de l'université.
C2 noun /əˈstɪɡmətɪzəm/

astigmatism

astigmatisme
Meaning
An eye defect causing blurred vision due to irregular curvature of the cornea or lens.
Example
She wears glasses to correct her astigmatism.
Elle porte des lunettes pour corriger son astigmatisme.
B2 adjective /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/

conservative

conservateur
Meaning
Favoring traditional views and values; resistant to change.
Example
He has conservative views on family and society.
Il a des opinions conservatrices sur la famille et la société.
C2 noun /ˈdɒldrəmz/

doldrums

morosité
Meaning
A state of inactivity, stagnation, or low spirits; also a region near the equator with calm winds.
Example
After the project failed, the team was stuck in the doldrums for months.
Après l'échec du projet, l'équipe était bloquée dans le marasme pendant des mois.
A2 noun ˌedʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃən

education

éducation
Meaning
The process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university.
Example
Quality education is key to progress.
L'éducation de qualité est la clé du progrès.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərˈsɛsər/

intercessor

intercesseur
Meaning
a person who intervenes or pleads on behalf of another
Example
He acted as an intercessor to resolve the conflict between the two families.
Il a agi en tant qu'intercesseur pour résoudre le conflit entre les deux familles.
A1 noun /θɪŋ/

thing

chose
Meaning
an object, idea, or matter that is being referred to or dealt with
Example
This is the thing I was looking for.
C'est la chose que je cherchais.
C1 verb /ˈæmpjʊteɪt/

amputate

amputer
Meaning
to cut off a limb from the body by surgery
Example
The doctors had to amputate his leg after the accident.
Les médecins ont dû amputer sa jambe après l'accident.
C1 noun ˈmaɪ.krəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənt

micronutrient

micronutriment
Meaning
Essential nutrients required by the body in small amounts, including vitamins and minerals.
Example
Iron and zinc are essential micronutrients for growth.
Le fer et le zinc sont des micronutriments essentiels pour la croissance.
C1 verb /skɔːrtʃ/

scorch

brûler
Meaning
to burn the surface of something slightly
Example
The fire scorched the walls of the building.
Le feu a brûlé les murs du bâtiment.
B2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɑːr/

seminar

séminaire
Meaning
A meeting for discussion or training, especially in an academic setting.
Example
The professor invited all students to attend the seminar on climate change.
Le professeur a invité tous les étudiants à assister au séminaire sur le changement climatique.
B1 noun freɪm

Frame

cadre
Meaning
A rigid structure that surrounds something such as a picture, door, or windowpane.
Example
A framed family tree can be displayed in your home.
Un arbre généalogique encadré peut être exposé dans votre maison.
C1 noun/verb /snɛər/

snare

piège
Meaning
a trap for catching animals; to catch or trap
Example
The hunter set a snare to catch rabbits.
Le chasseur a mis un piège pour attraper des lapins.
B1 noun /ɡuːs/

Goose

oie
Meaning
large waterbird with a long neck and webbed feet
Example
The goose swam gracefully across the pond.
L'oie a nagé gracieusement à travers l'étang.
C1 adjective /ˈmɒnstrəs/

Monstrous

monstrueux; extrêmement grand; choquant ou malveillant; anormal ou contre nature
Meaning
extremely large; shockingly evil or wrong; abnormal or unnatural
Example
The monstrous crime shocked the entire community.
Le crime monstrueux a choqué toute la communauté.
B2 adjective /bliːk/

bleak

désolé
Meaning
cold, miserable, or without hope
Example
The future seemed bleak after the economic downturn.
L'avenir semblait désolé après la récession économique.
B2 noun /stæns/

stance

position
Meaning
a person's attitude, opinion, or position on an issue
Example
The company took a strong stance on environmental protection.
L'entreprise a pris une position ferme sur la protection de l'environnement.
C2 noun /dæmˈneɪ.ʃən/

Damnation

damnation éternelle; destruction
Meaning
condemnation to eternal punishment in hell; something that causes ruin or failure
Example
The preacher spoke about salvation and damnation in his sermon.
Le prédicateur a parlé du salut et de la damnation dans son sermon.
C1 noun /blɜːrb/

blurb

description promotionnelle
Meaning
a short promotional description of a book, product, or service
Example
The back cover had a blurb praising the novel.
Le dos de couverture avait une description promotionnelle louant le roman.
C1 adjective /səkˈsɪŋkt/

succinct

concis
Meaning
Briefly and clearly expressed; characterized by clear, precise expression in few words.
Example
His speech was succinct and impactful.
Son discours était concis et percutant.
B1 noun /ɡæp/

gap

écart / espace
Meaning
An empty space or break between two objects or parts; a difference or disparity.
Example
There is a huge gap between the rich and the poor.
Il y a un grand écart entre les riches et les pauvres.
B1 noun dɪˈskʌvəriz

discoveries

découvertes
Meaning
The action or process of finding or learning something for the first time; facts or things discovered.
Example
His discoveries revolutionized multiple fields.
Ses découvertes ont révolutionné plusieurs domaines.
A2 noun /ˈɔːdiəʊ/

audio

son
Meaning
sound, especially when recorded or transmitted
Example
The audio quality of the podcast was excellent.
La qualité audio du podcast était excellente.
B1 adjective /ˌʌnɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

unimportant

sans importance
Meaning
not having much value, significance, or influence
Example
The detail seemed unimportant compared to the main issue.
Le détail semblait sans importance par rapport au problème principal.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflɛksəbl/

inflexible

inflexible
Meaning
Not able to bend or change; unwilling to change ideas or behavior.
Example
His inflexible attitude made negotiations difficult.
Son attitude inflexible rendait les négociations difficiles.
C2 noun /ˌɡlæd.iˈoʊ.ləs/

Gladiolus

glaïeul
Meaning
A tall flowering plant with sword-shaped leaves and colorful spike-like flower clusters, popular in gardens and floral arrangements
Example
The gladiolus stood tall and elegant in the flower bed.
Le glaïeul se tenait droit et élégant dans le parterre de fleurs.
A2 adverb /ɪˈmiːdiətli/

immediately

immédiatement
Meaning
at once; without delay
Example
She responded immediately to the emergency call.
Elle a répondu immédiatement à l'appel d'urgence.
B2 adjective /ˌdɪp.ləˈmæt.ɪk/

Diplomatic

diplomatique; habile à gérer les relations
Meaning
relating to diplomacy; tactful; skilled in managing relationships
Example
She gave a diplomatic answer to avoid offending anyone.
Elle a donné une réponse diplomatique pour éviter d'offenser quelqu'un.
B2 noun /ɡroʊθ ˈmaɪnd.sɛt/

growth mindset

mentalité de croissance
Meaning
A mindset that believes in learning, developing, and improving skills.
Example
A growth mindset helps individuals embrace challenges.
Une mentalité de croissance aide les individus à relever les défis.
B1 noun ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən

conservation

conservation
Meaning
The protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging effects of human activity.
Example
Conservation of forests is crucial for climate stability.
La conservation des forêts est cruciale pour la stabilité du climat.
A2 noun /bel/

Bell

cloche
Meaning
a hollow metal device that makes a ringing sound when struck
Example
The church bell rang at noon.
La cloche de l'église a sonné à midi.
B1 noun /ˈkɑn.træst/

Contrast

contraste; différence; comparaison
Meaning
the state of being strikingly different from something else; comparison showing differences
Example
The contrast between city life and rural life is quite remarkable.
Le contraste entre la vie urbaine et la vie rurale est assez remarquable.
C1 noun /ˈɛpɪθɛt/

epithet

épithète
Meaning
A descriptive phrase or word used to characterize someone or something, often as a nickname.
Example
He earned the epithet ‘The Great’ for his remarkable achievements.
Il a gagné l'épithète ‘Le Grand’ pour ses réalisations remarquables.
B2 verb /ˈpenɪtreɪt/

penetrate

pénétrer
Meaning
to go into or through something; to understand something deeply
Example
The bullet penetrated the wall.
La balle a pénétré le mur.
B2 noun /ˈdʒɜːr.nəl/

Journal

revue
Meaning
a newspaper or magazine that deals with a particular subject; a daily record of events
Example
She kept a personal journal to record her thoughts and experiences.
Elle a tenu un journal personnel pour enregistrer ses pensées et ses expériences.
C1 adjective /ɡlaɪˈsiː.mɪk/

glycemic

lié au glucose
Meaning
Relating to the presence of glucose in the blood and how foods affect blood sugar levels.
Example
High-glycemic foods cause a rapid increase in blood sugar.
Les aliments à indice glycémique élevé provoquent une augmentation rapide du taux de sucre dans le sang.
B1 verb /kleɪm/

claim

revendiquer
Meaning
to assert ownership; to state as fact
Example
He claims to be the rightful owner.
Il prétend être le propriétaire légitime.
A1 verb /treɪn/

Train

entraîner
Meaning
to teach skills or prepare for a specific activity
Example
Athletes train hard for the Olympics.
Les athlètes s'entraînent dur pour les Jeux Olympiques.
B1 verb /oʊ/

owe

devoir
Meaning
to be under obligation to pay or repay; to be indebted
Example
I owe my success to my parents' support.
Je dois mon succès au soutien de mes parents.
C1 noun /ˈreɪ.vən/

Raven

corbeau
Meaning
a large, black bird with a thick bill and harsh croaking voice
Example
The raven perched on the old oak tree and cawed loudly.
Le corbeau s’est perché sur le vieux chêne et a croassé bruyamment.
C2 verb /bɪˈteɪk/

betake

se rendre à; recourir à
Meaning
to go or resort to a place or course of action, especially as a response; to apply oneself
Example
After dinner, she betook herself to her room to read.
Après le dîner, elle se rendit dans sa chambre pour lire.
C1 noun ˌdɛɡrəˈdeɪʃən

degradation

dégradation
Meaning
The condition or process of degrading or being degraded.
Example
Soil degradation due to overuse is a growing issue.
La dégradation des sols due à une utilisation excessive est un problème croissant.
C2 noun /ˈæl.ɪ.mənt/

aliment

aliment
Meaning
food or nourishment that sustains life
Example
Fruits and vegetables are important aliments for a healthy body.
Les fruits et légumes sont des aliments importants pour un corps sain.
B1 adverb /ˈmeɪn.li/

Mainly

principalement; pour la plupart
Meaning
for the most part; chiefly; primarily
Example
The conference was mainly about environmental protection and climate change.
La conférence portait principalement sur la protection de l'environnement et le changement climatique.
C2 noun /ˌɛpɪˈdɜːrmɪs/

epidermis

couche externe de la peau
Meaning
the outer layer of cells covering the body of an organism, especially the skin
Example
The epidermis protects the body from harmful bacteria.
L'épiderme protège le corps des bactéries nuisibles.
C1 verb /ɔːɡˈmɛnt/

augment

augmenter
Meaning
To increase or strengthen something.
Example
The company plans to augment its workforce.
L'entreprise prévoit d'augmenter sa main-d'œuvre.
B2 adjective /ˌʌnɪˈmædʒənəbəl/

Unimaginable

inimaginable
Meaning
impossible to conceive; beyond imagination
Example
The scale of destruction was unimaginable until we saw it firsthand.
L'échelle de la destruction était inimaginable jusqu'à ce que nous le voyions de nos propres yeux.
B1 noun /ˈkɪləɡræm/

kilogram

kilogramme
Meaning
the base unit of mass in the metric system equal to 1,000 grams
Example
The bag of rice weighs five kilograms.
Le sac de riz pèse cinq kilogrammes.
C2 verb /dɪˈkæmp/

decamp

fuir
Meaning
To depart suddenly or secretly, often to avoid trouble or escape.
Example
The thief decamped before the police arrived.
Le voleur s'est échappé avant que la police n'arrive.
C2 noun /pəˈlɛmɪks/

polemics

polémique
Meaning
the art or practice of engaging in controversial debate or dispute
Example
The conference was full of polemics on economic reforms.
La conférence était pleine de polémiques sur les réformes économiques.
C2 noun /dɪˈmʌrɪdʒ/

demurrage

démurrage
Meaning
a charge payable to the owner of a ship or vehicle for not loading or unloading on time
Example
The company had to pay demurrage for delaying the unloading of goods.
L'entreprise a dû payer des frais de démurrage pour avoir retardé le déchargement des marchandises.
A2 noun /wɜːrks/

works

œuvres
Meaning
the physical or mental effort used to achieve something
Example
Her works have been exhibited in museums worldwide.
Ses œuvres ont été exposées dans des musées du monde entier.
C1 adjective /prəˈfeɪn/

profane

profane, irrévérent
Meaning
showing disrespect or contempt for sacred things; irreverent or vulgar
Example
His jokes were considered too profane for the ceremony.
Ses blagues ont été considérées comme trop profanes pour la cérémonie.
C1 adjective /diːˈsɛntrəlaɪzd/

decentralized

décentralisé
Meaning
Controlled by several local offices or authorities rather than one single one.
Example
The decentralized system allowed for more control at local levels.
Le système décentralisé a permis un plus grand contrôle au niveau local.
C1 adjective /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

martial

militaire
Meaning
Related to war, soldiers, or military life.
Example
The country imposed martial law during the crisis.
Le pays a imposé la loi martiale pendant la crise.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛstɪlənt/

pestilent

pestilentiel
Meaning
Causing or tending to cause death or destruction; harmful or pernicious.
Example
The pestilent atmosphere of the swamp made people sick.
L'atmosphère pestilentielle du marais rendait les gens malades.
B1 adverb /spəˈsɪfɪkli/

specifically

spécifiquement
Meaning
in a clear and exact way
Example
He was specifically asked to handle the finances.
Il a été spécifiquement demandé de gérer les finances.
B2 noun ˈaʊt.pʊt

output

production
Meaning
The amount of something produced by a person, machine, or industry.
Example
Climate change reduces agricultural output.
Le changement climatique réduit la production agricole.
C2 verb /rɪˈsɪnd/

rescind

résilier
Meaning
to revoke, cancel, or repeal a law, order, or agreement
Example
The company decided to rescind the job offer.
L'entreprise a décidé de résilier l'offre d'emploi.
B2 noun ˈbɛriəl saɪt

burial site

site funéraire
Meaning
A place where a dead body is buried.
Example
The burial site of the martyrs was near the riverbank.
Le site funéraire des martyrs était près de la rive.
C2 noun /ˌpraɪmoʊˈdʒɛnɪtʃər/

primogeniture

primogéniture
Meaning
The right of the firstborn child to inherit the family estate or title.
Example
Under primogeniture, the eldest son inherited the entire estate.
Sous la primogéniture, le fils aîné a hérité de l'ensemble du domaine.
C2 noun /fɪˈlɒl.ə.dʒɪst/

philologist

philologue
Meaning
a person who studies languages and their history
Example
The philologist analyzed ancient texts to understand language evolution.
Le philologue a analysé des textes anciens pour comprendre l'évolution du langage.
A2 noun /ˈpɑːtnər/

partner

partenaire
Meaning
a person who shares or is associated with another in some action or endeavor
Example
She is my business partner in the new venture.
Elle est ma partenaire commerciale dans cette nouvelle aventure.
B1 noun /ˈbʌb.əl/

bubble

bulle
Meaning
a thin sphere of liquid enclosing air or gas; a temporary state of inflated value or excitement
Example
The children chased the bubbles in the air.
Les enfants ont poursuivi les bulles dans l'air.
C1 noun /ˈmænər/

manor

manoir
Meaning
A large country house with lands; the main house of an estate.
Example
The old manor stood proudly on the hill for centuries.
Le vieux manoir se tenait fièrement sur la colline pendant des siècles.
B2 verb /kənˈsɜːrv/

conserve

conserver
Meaning
to protect something from harm or destruction; to use resources carefully to avoid waste
Example
We must conserve water during the dry season.
Nous devons conserver l'eau pendant la saison sèche.
B2 verb /stʌn/

stun

stupeur, étourdir
Meaning
to shock or surprise someone greatly; to knock someone unconscious or dazed
Example
The news of her sudden resignation stunned everyone.
La nouvelle de sa démission soudaine a stupéfié tout le monde.
C1 verb /ˈpɛtrɪfaɪ/

petrify

pétrifier
Meaning
to make someone so frightened that they are unable to move or think; to turn into stone
Example
The loud noise petrified the little child.
Le bruit fort pétrifia l'enfant.
C1 adjective /ˈraɪtfəl/

rightful

légitime
Meaning
having a legitimate or just claim; proper or lawful
Example
She is the rightful owner of the property.
Elle est la propriétaire légitime de la propriété.
C1 noun /dɪˈsaɪ.pəl/

Disciple

disciple; partisan
Meaning
a follower and student of a teacher, leader, or philosopher; devoted follower
Example
The famous philosopher had many disciples who spread his teachings worldwide.
Le célèbre philosophe avait de nombreux disciples qui ont répandu ses enseignements dans le monde entier.
B2 noun /əkˌseləˈreɪʃən/

acceleration

accélération
Meaning
the rate at which velocity changes over time; the act of speeding up
Example
The car showed rapid acceleration as it entered the highway.
La voiture a montré une accélération rapide en entrant sur l'autoroute.
C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

perturbé
Meaning
feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed
Example
He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.
Il semblait perturbé après avoir entendu les mauvaises nouvelles.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɛvəˈrɛnʃəl/

irreverential

irrévérencieux
Meaning
Showing a lack of respect for things that are generally taken seriously.
Example
His irreverential humor often shocked traditional audiences.
Son humour irrévérencieux choquait souvent les spectateurs traditionnels.
C2 adjective /ɪˈrɛfrəɡəbəl/

irrefragable

irréfutable
Meaning
Impossible to refute, deny, or break
Example
The lawyer presented irrefragable evidence that proved his client’s innocence.
L'avocat a présenté des preuves irréfutables qui ont prouvé l'innocence de son client.
C1 adjective lɪŋˈɡwɪs.tɪk

linguistic

linguistique
Meaning
Related to language or linguistics; concerning the scientific study of language.
Example
The AI model learns from linguistic patterns.
Le modèle d'IA apprend des modèles linguistiques.
B2 noun /liːk/

Leek

poireau
Meaning
vegetable related to onion with long green leaves and white bulb, milder than onion
Example
The soup was made with potatoes and leeks.
La soupe était faite avec des pommes de terre et des poireaux.
C2 noun /nɑnˈen.tə.ti/

Nonentity

personne sans importance; quelque chose qui n'existe pas
Meaning
a person of no importance or influence; something that does not exist
Example
He felt like a nonentity in the large corporation.
Il se sentait comme une non-entité dans la grande entreprise.
B2 noun /tʃɔːr/

chore

tâche
Meaning
A routine task, especially a household duty.
Example
Washing the dishes is my least favorite chore.
Laver la vaisselle est ma tâche la moins préférée.
C1 adjective /prɪˈpɒstərəs/

preposterous

absurde, ridicule
Meaning
completely ridiculous or absurd; contrary to reason or common sense
Example
The idea that pigs could fly is preposterous.
L'idée que les cochons puissent voler est absurde.
C1 noun /hɒˈstɪləti/

hostility

hostilité
Meaning
hostile behavior; unfriendliness or opposition
Example
The negotiations ended in an atmosphere of hostility.
Les négociations ont pris fin dans une atmosphère d'hostilité.
A2 noun /ˈhɑː.bi/

Hobby

loisir; activité récréative; passe-temps
Meaning
an activity done regularly in one's leisure time for pleasure; a pastime or recreation
Example
Photography became her favorite hobby after she received a camera for her birthday.
La photographie est devenue son hobby préféré après avoir reçu un appareil photo pour son anniversaire.
C2 adjective /sɪˈnɜːrdʒɪk/

synergic

synergique
Meaning
Working together in a cooperative and effective manner.
Example
The two departments have a synergic relationship that boosts productivity.
Les deux départements ont une relation synergique qui augmente la productivité.
C1 adjective /ˈkælkjʊleɪtɪŋ/

calculating

calculateur
Meaning
acting in a scheming and ruthlessly determined way
Example
He had a cold and calculating approach to business.
Il avait une approche froide et calculatrice des affaires.
B2 noun /ˈstrʌk.tʃərz/

structures

structures
Meaning
Buildings or other objects constructed from several parts.
Example
The region has ancient structures.
La région possède des structures anciennes.
C2 adjective /həˈmɑː.lə.ɡəs/

homologous

homologue (structure)
Meaning
Having the same relation, relative position, or structure, especially due to evolutionary origin.
Example
The wings of bats and the arms of humans are homologous structures.
Les ailes des chauves-souris et les bras des humains sont des structures homologues.
C2 adjective /ˈɛstɪməbl/

estimable

estimable
Meaning
Worthy of great respect.
Example
Her estimable achievements inspired the whole community.
Ses réalisations estimables ont inspiré toute la communauté.
C1 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈneɪʃən/

illumination

éclairage
Meaning
the act of lighting something or making something clear
Example
The street was filled with bright illumination from the lamps.
La rue était éclairée par l'éclairage brillant des lampes.
C1 noun/verb /ɡæʃ/

gash

déchirure profonde
Meaning
A long, deep cut or wound; to cut deeply or violently.
Example
He had a deep gash on his leg after the accident.
Il avait une coupure profonde à la jambe après l'accident.
A2 adverb /ˈsʌm.weər/

Somewhere

quelque part
Meaning
in or at some place; in an unspecified location
Example
I left my keys somewhere in the house.
J'ai laissé mes clés quelque part dans la maison.
B2 noun /ˈswɛər wɜːrd/

swear-word

mots grossiers
Meaning
An offensive or rude word used to express anger or frustration.
Example
He shouted a swear-word when he hit his toe.
Il a crié un mot grossier quand il s'est frappé le orteil.
B2 adverb /ˈəʊvəli/

overly

excessivement
Meaning
to an excessive degree or extent
Example
She was overly concerned about the results.
Elle était excessivement préoccupée par les résultats.
B2 verb ɪmˈpaʊərɪŋ

empowering

autonomiser
Meaning
Giving someone the authority or power to do something; making someone stronger and more confident.
Example
Empowering children can lead to societal progress.
Autonomiser les enfants peut conduire à des progrès sociaux.
C2 verb /ˌækwiˈɛs/

acquiesce

accepter sans protester
Meaning
to accept something reluctantly but without protest
Example
She decided to acquiesce to her parents’ wishes.
Elle a décidé d'accepter sans protester les souhaits de ses parents.
A1 adjective /koʊld/

Cold

froid; glacé; distant;
Meaning
having a low temperature; lacking warmth; unfriendly
Example
The cold winter wind made everyone shiver.
Le vent froid de l'hiver a fait frissonner tout le monde.
B2 noun /ˈdiː.fekt/

Defect

défaut
Meaning
a shortcoming, imperfection, or lack; a fault or flaw in something
Example
The manufacturing defect caused the product to fail after only one week.
Le défaut de fabrication a causé l'échec du produit après seulement une semaine.
B1 noun /ˈfeɪ.vər/

Favour

faveur; aide; gentillesse
Meaning
approval, support, or liking for someone or something; a kind or helpful act
Example
Could you do me a favour and help me move this heavy box?
Pourriez-vous me rendre un service et m'aider à déplacer cette boîte lourde ?
B2 adverb /ˈdʒɛnjʊɪnli/

genuinely

vraiment
Meaning
in a truthful and sincere way
Example
She genuinely cares about the environment.
Elle se soucie vraiment de l'environnement.
C2 adjective /ˈmɪnətɔːri/

minatory

menaçant
Meaning
Expressing a threat; menacing.
Example
The criminal gave the witness a minatory look.
Le criminel a donné au témoin un regard menaçant.
C1 noun, verb /dɪsˈɑːnər/

dishonor

déshonneur
Meaning
a state of shame or loss of respect; to bring shame upon someone or something
Example
The soldier felt he had brought dishonor to his family.
Le soldat a senti qu'il avait apporté le déshonneur à sa famille.
B1 noun əˈses.mənt

assessment

évaluation
Meaning
The evaluation or estimation of the nature, quality, or ability of someone or something.
Example
The assessment process ensures fairness.
Le processus d'évaluation garantit l'équité.
A1 verb /ˈænsər/

answer

répondre
Meaning
to respond to a question; to reply; to solve
Example
She will answer the phone when it rings.
Elle répondra au téléphone quand il sonnera.
C2 noun mɒnəˈtɑːskɪŋ

monotasking

faire une tâche à la fois
Meaning
The practice of dedicating oneself to a given task and minimizing potential interruptions until the task is completed or a significant period of time has elapsed.
Example
Monotasking can often lead to higher quality work.
Le monotasking conduit souvent à un travail de meilleure qualité.
B2 verb /pərˈsiːvd/

perceived

bonheur
Meaning
to become aware of something through the senses or the mind; to understand or interpret
Example
She perceived a hint of sadness in his voice.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 verb /plaʊ/

plough

labourer
Meaning
to break up and turn over soil using a plough; to move through something with difficulty
Example
The farmer ploughs the field every spring.
Le fermier laboure le champ chaque printemps.