repertory
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C1 noun /ˈrɛpərˌtɔːri/

repertory

répertoire
Meaning
A collection of works that a company, performer, or institution regularly performs; also a storehouse of information or skills.
Example
The theater has a repertory of classic plays.
Le théâtre a un répertoire de pièces classiques.
C1 noun /ˈkwɪk.sænd/

Quick-sand

sable mouvant
Meaning
loose wet sand that yields easily to pressure and sucks in anything on its surface
Example
The explorer got trapped in quicksand while crossing the desert.
L'explorateur s'est retrouvé piégé dans le sable mouvant en traversant le désert.
B1 adjective /ˈfriːkwənt/

Frequent

fréquent
Meaning
happening often; occurring regularly; repeated
Example
He makes frequent visits to his grandmother.
Il fait des visites fréquentes chez sa grand-mère.
A1 preposition/adverb/conjunction /bɪˈfɔːr/

before

avant
Meaning
At an earlier time; in front of in order or place.
Example
She arrived before the meeting started.
Elle est arrivée avant que la réunion ne commence.
B2 noun /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/

Compassion

compassion
Meaning
sympathetic concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of others; deep awareness of suffering with a desire to help
Example
She showed great compassion towards the homeless children by providing them food and shelter.
Elle a montré une grande compassion envers les enfants sans-abri en leur fournissant de la nourriture et un abri.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.kɒk ˈflaʊ.ər/

Peacock flower

fleur de paon
Meaning
a tropical tree with bright orange and red flowers that resemble a peacock's tail
Example
The peacock flower tree blooms with stunning orange flowers in summer.
L'arbre de fleur de paon fleurit avec des fleurs orange éclatantes en été.
B2 adjective /ˈsoʊʃəbəl/

Sociable

sociable; amical; extraverti
Meaning
friendly and enjoys being with other people; outgoing
Example
She is very sociable and makes friends easily.
Elle est très sociable et se fait des amis facilement.
A2 adjective/adverb /ˈdeɪli/

daily

quotidien
Meaning
happening every day
Example
She reads the newspaper daily.
Elle lit le journal quotidiennement.
C2 verb əˈmiːljəreɪt

ameliorate

améliorer, perfectionner
Meaning
To make better; improve or enhance something.
Example
The new policies are designed to ameliorate living conditions.
Les nouvelles politiques sont conçues pour améliorer les conditions de vie.
C1 noun /ʃraɪn/

Shrine

sanctuaire; temple; lieu sacré
Meaning
a holy or sacred place dedicated to a specific deity, ancestor, hero, or saint
Example
Pilgrims visit the shrine to pray for good health.
Les pèlerins visitent le sanctuaire pour prier pour une bonne santé.
A2 verb /əˈlaʊ/

allow

permettre
Meaning
to give permission for something to happen or someone to do something
Example
The teacher did not allow phones in class.
Le professeur n'a pas permis les téléphones en classe.
B2 verb /ɪnˈrɪtʃ/

enrich

enrichir
Meaning
To improve or enhance the quality or value of something.
Example
Space exploration enriches human understanding.
L'exploration spatiale enrichit la compréhension humaine.
C1 adjective /trænˈsen.dənt/

transcendent

au-delà de l'expérience humaine normale ou simplement physique
Meaning
Beyond or above the range of normal or merely physical human experience.
Example
His art has a transcendent quality.
Son art a une qualité transcendante.
B2 adjective /ˈjuːθfəl/

Youthful

jeune; énergique et frais
Meaning
having the qualities of youth; energetic and fresh
Example
Her youthful energy impressed everyone at work.
Son énergie jeune a impressionné tout le monde au travail.
C1 noun /ˌʌnbɪˈliːf/

Unbelief

incrédulité
Meaning
lack of religious belief; skepticism or doubt
Example
His unbelief in the supernatural made him a skeptic.
Son incrédulité face au surnaturel l'a transformé en un sceptique.
C1 noun /ˈtoʊtəm/

totem

symbole sacré
Meaning
A natural object, animal, or symbol that is revered as a spiritual emblem by a group or tribe.
Example
The eagle is considered a sacred totem in many cultures.
L'aigle est considéré comme un totem sacré dans de nombreuses cultures.
B1 noun /ˈhaʊzɪŋ/

housing

logement
Meaning
buildings or structures where people live; accommodation
Example
The government is working to provide affordable housing for everyone.
Le gouvernement travaille à fournir des logements abordables pour tous.
A2 verb /ɡeɪn/

gain

obtenir
Meaning
to obtain or acquire something; to increase or improve
Example
He hopes to gain experience from this job.
Il espère gagner de l'expérience de ce travail.
A1 noun /ˈteɪbəl/

table

table
Meaning
A piece of furniture with a flat top and legs, used for working at or placing items on.
Example
They placed the documents on the table.
Ils ont posé les documents sur la table.
B1 noun ˈpɒdkɑːsts

podcasts

podcast
Meaning
A digital audio or video file or recording, usually part of a themed series, that can be downloaded from a website to a media player or computer.
Example
Podcasts are great for improving listening.
Les podcasts sont géniaux pour améliorer l'écoute.
A2 noun /flʌd/

Flood

inondation
Meaning
an overflow of a large amount of water beyond its normal limits
Example
The heavy rain caused a flood in the village.
La forte pluie a causé une inondation dans le village.
C2 noun /ˈpælɪˌnoʊd/

palinode

palinodie
Meaning
a poem or statement in which the writer retracts something said in an earlier work
Example
The poet wrote a palinode to apologize for his earlier harsh words.
Le poète a écrit une palinodie pour s'excuser de ses paroles sévères précédentes.
B1 noun /dɒt/

dot

point
Meaning
a small round mark or spot
Example
She drew a red dot on the paper.
Elle a dessiné un point rouge sur le papier.
A2 adjective /kjuːt/

cute

mignon
Meaning
attractive in a pretty or endearing way
Example
That puppy is so cute!
Ce chiot est tellement mignon !
A2 noun /reɪs/

race

course
Meaning
a competition of speed, or a group of people with similar characteristics
Example
The race was very exciting, with many competitors.
La course était très excitante, avec de nombreux concurrents.
A2 noun /ɡest/

Guest

invité
Meaning
a person who is invited to visit someone's home or attend a particular social occasion
Example
We invited several guests to our wedding celebration last weekend.
Nous avons invité plusieurs invités à notre célébration de mariage le week-end dernier.
B2 noun əˌkjuː.mjəˈleɪ.ʃən

accumulation

accumulation
Meaning
The gradual gathering or collecting of something over time.
Example
The accumulation of dust affects appliance efficiency.
L'accumulation de poussière affecte l'efficacité des appareils électroménagers.
A1 noun /ˈaɪs kriːm/

Ice-cream

glace
Meaning
a frozen sweet dessert made from dairy products, usually served cold
Example
Children love to eat ice-cream on hot summer days.
Les enfants adorent manger de la glace lors des chaudes journées d'été.
C2 noun /ˌmæləˈdɪkʃən/

Malediction

malédiction
Meaning
A magical word used to invoke a curse; an evil spell
Example
The witch uttered a terrible malediction upon her enemies.
La sorcière a prononcé une terrible malédiction sur ses ennemis.
C1 adverb /ˈwɪmzɪkli/

Whimsically

de manière capricieuse
Meaning
In a playful, fanciful, or capricious manner; with sudden changes of mind
Example
She decorated her room whimsically with colorful balloons.
Elle a décoré sa chambre de manière fantaisiste avec des ballons colorés.
B2 adjective /bəˈtænɪkəl/

botanical

botanique
Meaning
relating to plants or plant life
Example
She works at the botanical garden.
Elle travaille au jardin botanique.
B2 adjective /fɔːrˈsiːəbl/

foreseeable

prévisible
Meaning
Able to be predicted or expected in advance
Example
The company is unlikely to make changes in the foreseeable future.
Il est peu probable que l'entreprise apporte des changements dans un avenir prévisible.
B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

compliqué
Meaning
consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand
Example
The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.
Les instructions de la machine sont trop compliquées à suivre.
C2 verb /ˌdɪsəˈreɪndʒ/

disarrange

désorganiser
Meaning
to disturb the order or arrangement of something
Example
The wind disarranged her hair.
Le vent a désordonné ses cheveux.
C2 verb /əbˈhɔːr/

abhor

abhorrer
Meaning
to regard with disgust and hatred
Example
She abhors cruelty to animals.
Elle abhorre la cruauté envers les animaux.
A2 adjective /kəˈrɛkt/

correct

correct
Meaning
free from error; accurate
Example
The answer she gave was correct.
La réponse qu'elle a donnée était correcte.
A1 verb /peɪ/

pay

payer
Meaning
to give money in exchange for goods or services
Example
I need to pay my bills on time.
Je dois payer mes factures à temps.
C2 noun /ˌɪnvəˈluːʃən/

involution

involution
Meaning
a complicated or intricate form or state; in biology, the shrinking of an organ after its function has finished
Example
The story was full of involution, making it hard to follow.
L'histoire était pleine d'involution, ce qui la rendait difficile à suivre.
C2 noun /fiːf/

fief

un terrain de terre détenu sous le système féodal ; un domaine ou une zone de contrôle
Meaning
an estate of land held under the feudal system; a domain or area of control
Example
The knight was granted a fief by the lord for his service.
Le chevalier a reçu un fief du seigneur pour ses services.
C1 verb /spɜːr/

spur

inciter / encourager
Meaning
To encourage or motivate someone to take action.
Example
The teacher's praise spurred him to study harder.
Les éloges du professeur l'ont incité à étudier plus dur.
C1 noun /ˈɛpɪˌlɔːɡ/

epilogue

épilogue
Meaning
A section at the end of a book, play, or speech that serves as a conclusion.
Example
The author included an epilogue to explain what happened to the characters later.
L'auteur a inclus un épilogue pour expliquer ce qui est arrivé aux personnages par la suite.
C1 verb /ˈstæɡ.neɪt/

stagnate

stagner
Meaning
to stop developing, progressing, or moving
Example
Without innovation, the business will stagnate.
sans innovation, l'entreprise stagnnera.
C1 verb /daɪˈluːt/

dilute

diluer
Meaning
To make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another solvent.
Example
You should dilute the juice with water before serving it to children.
Vous devez diluer le jus avec de l'eau avant de le servir aux enfants.
C1 noun /ˈkɒndɪmənts/

condiments

condiments ou sauces
Meaning
Seasonings or sauces used to add flavor to food.
Example
Ketchup and mustard are popular condiments for burgers.
Le ketchup et la moutarde sont des condiments populaires pour les hamburgers.
B2 adverb /ˈfɔːrməli/

formally

formellement
Meaning
in a formal or official manner; according to established rules or conventions
Example
The agreement was formally signed by both parties.
L'accord a été formellement signé par les deux parties.
C1 adverb /ɪnˈvɜːrs.li/

Inversely

inversement; de manière opposée
Meaning
in a way that is opposite or contrary; in reverse order or manner
Example
The price of goods is inversely related to their availability in the market.
Le prix des biens est inversement lié à leur disponibilité sur le marché.
B1 noun /sɛl/

cell

cellule / cellule
Meaning
a small basic unit of life; or a small enclosed space like a prison room
Example
The prisoner was locked in a small cell.
Le prisonnier a été enfermé dans une petite cellule.
A2 noun /brɪdʒ/

Bridge

pont
Meaning
a structure carrying a road, path, railway, etc. across a river, road, or other obstacle
Example
The old stone bridge has connected the two towns for over a century.
Le vieux pont en pierre a relié les deux villes pendant plus d'un siècle.
C2 adjective /ˈæsənənt/

assonant

assonant
Meaning
Having or characterized by assonance; repeating similar vowel sounds.
Example
The poem is filled with assonant words that create a musical rhythm.
Le poème est rempli de mots assonants qui créent un rythme musical.
B2 noun /ˈreɪtɪŋ/

rating

évaluation
Meaning
an evaluation or assessment, usually numerical
Example
The movie received a high rating from critics.
Le film a reçu une haute évaluation de la part des critiques.
C2 verb /trəˈdjuːs/

traduce

diffamer
Meaning
To speak badly of someone or tell lies to damage their reputation.
Example
He was furious when he found out that his rivals had traduced him.
Il était furieux quand il a découvert que ses rivaux l'avaient diffamé.
C1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.lənd/

Garland

guirlande; couronne de fleurs;
Meaning
a wreath of flowers and leaves, worn on the head or hung as decoration
Example
The bride wore a beautiful floral garland during the traditional ceremony.
La mariée a porté une belle guirlande florale lors de la cérémonie traditionnelle.
B1 verb /ɪnˈvɑːlv/

involve

impliquer
Meaning
to include as a necessary part, or to engage someone in an activity
Example
The project will involve several departments working together.
Le projet impliquera plusieurs départements travaillant ensemble.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnˈɪntɪmeɪtɪŋ/

unintimating

sans indices
Meaning
Not giving a hint or suggestion; not indicating.
Example
His unintimating tone gave no clue of his true feelings.
Son ton sans indices n'a donné aucun indice de ses véritables sentiments.
B2 adjective /ˈdaʊt.fəl/

Doubtful

douteux; incertain; se sentir incertain à propos de quelque chose
Meaning
uncertain; questionable; feeling uncertain about something
Example
I am doubtful about the success of this project.
Je suis sceptique quant au succès de ce projet.
B1 noun /kɑːrt/

Cart

chariot
Meaning
a wheeled vehicle for carrying goods; a shopping cart
Example
The farmer loaded hay onto his cart.
Le fermier a chargé du foin dans son chariot.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃiːzi/

cheesy

bon marché/excessivement sentimental
Meaning
tacky, overly sentimental, or cheap in quality
Example
The movie was funny but a bit too cheesy.
Le film était drôle, mais un peu trop kitsch.
B2 noun ɪnˈɡeɪdʒɪŋ ˈlɜːrnɪŋ ɪkˈspɪəriənsɪz

engaging learning experiences

expériences d'apprentissage engageantes
Meaning
Interactive and immersive educational activities that capture students' attention and actively involve them in the learning process.
Example
Digital tools create engaging learning experiences.
Les outils numériques créent des expériences d'apprentissage engageantes.
A1 noun /wɒtʃ/

Watch

montre; surveillance; observation
Meaning
a small timepiece worn on the wrist; the act of observing or monitoring
Example
He checked his watch to see if he was late for the meeting.
Il a vérifié sa montre pour voir s'il était en retard à la réunion.
B2 adjective /ˌθɛr.əˈpjuː.tɪk/

therapeutic

thérapeutique
Meaning
Having a healing or beneficial effect on the body or mind.
Example
Meditation is highly therapeutic for mental well-being.
La méditation est très thérapeutique pour le bien-être mental.
C1 noun /kəˈnɛəri/

canary

canari
Meaning
a small, usually yellow bird known for its singing; also used as a warning sign in dangerous conditions
Example
The canary sang beautifully in its cage.
Le canari chantait magnifiquement dans sa cage.
C2 noun /ˈmʌs.tərd liːf/

Mustard leaf

feuille de moutarde
Meaning
green leafy vegetable from the mustard plant; edible leaves used in cooking
Example
We cooked mustard leaf with fish in a traditional Bengali curry.
Nous avons cuisiné des feuilles de moutarde avec du poisson dans un curry bengali traditionnel.
C2 noun /ˈpoʊtənˌteɪt/

potentate

potentat
Meaning
A monarch or ruler, especially one with absolute power.
Example
The ancient land was ruled by a powerful potentate.
L'ancienne terre était gouvernée par un puissant potentat.
B1 noun /ˈtʃæmpiən/

champion

champion
Meaning
a person who has defeated all rivals in a competition or fight.
Example
She became the champion after winning the final match.
Elle est devenue la championne après avoir gagné le match final.
C1 noun /fɪˈlæn.θrə.pɪst/

philanthropist

philanthrope
Meaning
a person who seeks to promote the welfare of others, especially by donating money to good causes
Example
The philanthropist donated millions to build schools in rural areas.
Le philanthrope a fait don de millions pour construire des écoles dans les zones rurales.
C2 noun /ˈnɒn.ɪʤ/

Nonage

minorité
Meaning
the period of being under the legal age of majority; youth or immaturity
Example
During his nonage, all legal decisions were made by his guardian.
Pendant sa minorité, toutes les décisions juridiques étaient prises par son tuteur.
C1 noun /baɪl/

Bile

bile
Meaning
a bitter greenish-brown alkaline fluid that aids digestion and is secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
Example
The liver produces bile to help digest fats.
Le foie produit de la bile pour aider à digérer les graisses.
A2 pronoun /ɪtˈsɛlf/

itself

lui-même
Meaning
Used to emphasize the thing just mentioned; by its own power or effort.
Example
The cat cleaned itself after eating.
Le chat s'est nettoyé lui-même après avoir mangé.
C1 adjective /ˈdaʊ.ər/

dour

sévère
Meaning
relentlessly severe, stern, or gloomy in manner or appearance
Example
His dour expression made the meeting uncomfortable.
Son expression sévère rendait la réunion inconfortable.
B1 noun /rɪˈkwɛst/

request

Meaning
a formal or polite demand for something
Example
She made a request for additional time to complete the project.
A2 verb /hʌɡ/

hug

embrasser
Meaning
to hold someone tightly in your arms to show affection or comfort
Example
She hugged her friend before leaving for the airport.
Elle a embrassé son amie avant de partir pour l'aéroport.
C2 noun /ˈmɛtrəˌnoʊm/

metronome

métronome
Meaning
A device that produces regular ticks or beats to help musicians maintain tempo.
Example
She practiced the piano with a metronome to keep steady timing.
Elle pratiquait le piano avec un métronome pour garder un rythme régulier.
C1 noun səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

sophistication

niveau élevé de complexité ou de raffinement
Meaning
High level of complexity or refinement.
Example
The sophistication of modern AI technology is remarkable.
La sophistication de la technologie moderne de l'IA est remarquable.
C1 adjective /ˌjuːtɪlɪˈtɛəriən/

utilitarian

utilitaire
Meaning
Designed to be useful or practical rather than attractive; relating to the doctrine that actions are right if they are useful or for the benefit of a majority.
Example
The building had a simple utilitarian design.
Le bâtiment avait une conception utilitaire simple.
C1 noun /blɜːrb/

blurb

description promotionnelle
Meaning
a short promotional description of a book, product, or service
Example
The back cover had a blurb praising the novel.
Le dos de couverture avait une description promotionnelle louant le roman.
B1 noun /əˈfer/

Affair

affaire; événement;
Meaning
an event or situation; a matter that someone deals with
Example
The wedding was a grand affair with hundreds of guests.
Le mariage était un grand événement avec des centaines d'invités.
C2 adjective /ˈpruːdɪʃ/

prudish

prude
Meaning
having or revealing a tendency to be easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity
Example
She was too prudish to watch the movie with her friends.
Elle était trop prude pour regarder le film avec ses amis.
C2 noun /ˈhæŋ.kər/

Hanker

désir ardent, envie
Meaning
a feeling of yearning or craving; a strong desire for something
Example
After years abroad, she developed a deep hanker for her homeland's traditional cuisine.
Après des années à l'étranger, elle a développé un profond désir pour la cuisine traditionnelle de sa patrie.
B2 noun ˌlɪmɪˈteɪʃən

limitation

limitation
Meaning
A limiting rule or circumstance; a restriction on the size or amount of something permissible.
Example
Limitation in data affects policy-making decisions.
La limitation des données affecte les décisions politiques.
C2 adjective /ˌmælˈoʊdərəs/

malodorous

malodorant
Meaning
Having a very unpleasant smell.
Example
The malodorous room made everyone leave quickly.
La pièce malodorante a fait partir tout le monde rapidement.
C1 verb /rɪˈzaʊnd/

resound

résonner
Meaning
To fill a place with sound; to be celebrated or talked about widely.
Example
The hall resounded with applause.
La salle résonna avec des applaudissements.
C2 adjective /ˈɛksɪdʒənt/

exigent

urgent
Meaning
demanding immediate action or attention; urgent
Example
The patient’s exigent condition required immediate surgery.
L'état exigent du patient a nécessité une chirurgie immédiate.
B2 noun /ˈreɪsɪzəm/

racism

racisme
Meaning
the belief that some races are superior to others, leading to unfair treatment or prejudice
Example
The organization works to eliminate racism in all forms.
L'organisation travaille pour éliminer le racisme sous toutes ses formes.
C1 noun /ˌmɒd.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/

modulation

contrôle de la voix
Meaning
The process of varying or controlling something.
Example
Proper modulation of voice enhances communication skills.
Une bonne modulation de la voix améliore les compétences en communication.
A1 interjection /oʊ/

oh

Oh
Meaning
used to express surprise, realization, or understanding
Example
Oh, I didn't know you were here!
Oh, je ne savais pas que tu étais ici !
B2 verb /feɪd/

fade

faner
Meaning
To gradually lose brightness, color, or strength.
Example
The colors of the old photo have started to fade.
Les couleurs de la vieille photo ont commencé à se faner.
B2 verb /ˈpɪnpɔɪnt/

pinpoint

identifier avec précision
Meaning
to locate or identify something with precision
Example
The detective was able to pinpoint the exact location of the suspect.
Le détective a pu localiser l'emplacement exact du suspect.
A1 verb /bɪˈliːv/

believe

croire
Meaning
to think that something is true; to have faith in
Example
I believe in hard work and dedication.
Je crois au travail acharné et au dévouement.
A2 noun /spuːn/

Spoon

cuillère
Meaning
an implement consisting of a small, shallow bowl on a long handle, used for eating, stirring, and serving food
Example
He used a spoon to eat his soup.
Il a utilisé une cuillère pour manger sa soupe.
B2 noun /ˈlʊkɪŋ ɡlæs/

Looking glass

miroir
Meaning
a mirror; a piece of glass that reflects images
Example
She looked at herself in the looking glass.
Elle s'est regardée dans le miroir.
B1 adjective ˈkʌltʃərəl

cultural

culturel
Meaning
Relating to the arts and to intellectual achievements.
Example
Schools organize cultural programs to honor Victory Day.
Les écoles organisent des programmes culturels pour honorer le jour de la victoire.
A2 adjective /ˈhɛl.θi/

healthy

sain
Meaning
Good physical and mental condition, free from disease or illness.
Example
Regular exercise and a balanced diet keep the body healthy.
L'exercice régulier et une alimentation équilibrée maintiennent le corps sain.
C1 noun /ˌmɑːr.kɪ.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/

marketability

commercialisation
Meaning
The possibility of commercial success for a product or service
Example
The new product's marketability depends on consumer demand.
La commercialisation du nouveau produit dépend de la demande des consommateurs.
C2 noun /dɪˈstreɪnər/

distrainor

saisie de biens
Meaning
a person, usually a landlord, who seizes another's property for unpaid debt or rent
Example
The distrainor took possession of the tenant's car until the debt was cleared.
Le distrainor a pris possession de la voiture du locataire jusqu'à ce que la dette soit réglée.
C2 noun /ˌæpəˈrɪʃən/

apparition

apparition fantomatique
Meaning
A ghostly figure or an unusual or unexpected appearance.
Example
The children were frightened by the sudden apparition in the old house.
Les enfants ont été effrayés par l'apparition soudaine dans la vieille maison.
C2 adjective /ˈhoʊm.spʌn/

homespun

fait maison
Meaning
Simple and unsophisticated; made at home rather than in a factory.
Example
She wore a homespun dress to the village festival.
Elle portait une robe faite maison au festival du village.
C2 adjective /juːˈbɪkwɪtəs/

ubiquitious

omniprésent
Meaning
Present, appearing, or found everywhere.
Example
Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society.
Les smartphones sont devenus omniprésents dans la société moderne.
B2 verb /hæk/

hack

couper, accéder sans autorisation à un système informatique
Meaning
to cut or chop roughly; to gain unauthorized access to a computer system
Example
The programmer managed to hack into the system.
Le programmeur a réussi à pirater le système.
B2 adjective /ˈθɔːtˌproʊvɪkɪŋ/

thought-provoking

provocateur de réflexion
Meaning
stimulating careful consideration or thought
Example
The movie was deeply thought-provoking and left a lasting impression.
Le film était profondément provocateur de réflexion et a laissé une impression durable.
C1 adjective /ˈʃɪp.ʃeɪp/

Shipshape

propre et bien organisé; en bon ordre
Meaning
neat and tidy; in good order; well-organized
Example
Everything was shipshape before the inspection.
Tout était impeccable avant l'inspection.
C1 verb /ˈɒp.tɪ.maɪz/

optimize

optimiser
Meaning
To make the best or most effective use of a situation, opportunity, or resource.
Example
The company is working to optimize its supply chain.
L'entreprise travaille à optimiser sa chaîne d'approvisionnement.
C2 noun /mɪˈtɒnɪmi/

metonymy

métaphore par substitution
Meaning
A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted with another closely related word or concept.
Example
In the phrase 'the crown will decide,' 'crown' is a metonymy for monarchy.
Dans l'expression 'la couronne décidera', 'couronne' est une métaphore par substitution pour la monarchie.
B2 verb /klɪŋ/

cling

bonheur
Meaning
to hold on tightly to someone or something
Example
The child clung to his mother in fear.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun /dɪsˈkloʊʒər/

disclosure

divulgation
Meaning
the action of making something known or public
Example
The disclosure of the company's financial status was delayed.
La divulgation de l'état financier de l'entreprise a été retardée.
C2 verb /ˌæd ˈlɪb/

ad-lib

dire improvisé
Meaning
to speak or perform without preparation; to improvise
Example
The comedian ad-libbed a joke when the microphone failed.
Le comédien a improvisé une blague lorsque le microphone a échoué.
C1 noun /ˈiː.dən/

Eden

Éden
Meaning
a place or state of great happiness; paradise
Example
The garden was like Eden, filled with beautiful flowers and peaceful atmosphere.
Le jardin était comme l'Éden, rempli de belles fleurs et d'une atmosphère paisible.
C2 noun /stɒˈkeɪd/

stockade

clôture en bois
Meaning
a defensive barrier made of strong posts or timbers, often around a fort or prison
Example
The prisoners were kept inside the wooden stockade.
Les prisonniers ont été gardés à l'intérieur de la clôture en bois.
C1 verb /ɪkˈskriːt/

excrete

excréter
Meaning
to eliminate waste matter from the body
Example
Humans excrete carbon dioxide through breathing.
Les humains excrètent du dioxyde de carbone par la respiration.
C1 noun, verb /pliːt/

pleat

pli
Meaning
a fold in fabric made by doubling the material back upon itself
Example
She added a pleat to the skirt for extra volume.
Elle a ajouté un pli à la jupe pour plus de volume.
B1 noun rəʊlz

Roles

rôle
Meaning
A person's or thing's function in a particular situation.
Example
Defined roles improve team performance.
Les rôles définis améliorent la performance de l'équipe.
B1 noun /ˈpɜr.fjuːm/

Perfume

parfum
Meaning
a fragrant liquid made from essential oils and alcohol; a pleasant smell
Example
She wore her favorite perfume to the party.
Elle portait son parfum préféré à la fête.
A1 noun /roʊd/

road

route
Meaning
a wide way leading from one place to another
Example
We drove along the road to the village.
Nous conduisions sur la route vers le village.
B1 noun /bʌn/

Bun

petit pain
Meaning
a small round bread roll, often sweet
Example
I bought fresh buns from the bakery this morning.
J'ai acheté des pains frais à la boulangerie ce matin.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɪndʒ/

impinge

affecter
Meaning
to have an effect or impact on something; to encroach or infringe
Example
The noise from the construction site impinges on our daily activities.
Le bruit du chantier impacte nos activités quotidiennes.
C2 verb /ɪnˈtriːt/

entreat

supplier
Meaning
To ask earnestly or beg someone to do something.
Example
She entreated him to stay a little longer.
Elle le supplia de rester un peu plus longtemps.
B2 verb /ˈroʊ.teɪt/

rotate

tourner
Meaning
to turn around a central point or axis
Example
The Earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours.
La Terre tourne autour de son axe toutes les 24 heures.
C2 noun /ˈbreɪziər/

Brazier

ouvrier en laiton
Meaning
a worker in brass; a portable container for burning charcoal or coal
Example
The brazier crafted beautiful brass ornaments.
L'ouvrier en laiton a fabriqué de magnifiques bijoux en laiton.
C1 verb ɪkˈstræp.ə.leɪt

Extrapolate

extrapoler
Meaning
Making future estimates based on existing information
Example
Scientists extrapolate climate changes based on past data.
Les scientifiques extrapolent les changements climatiques en se basant sur les données passées.
A2 noun /klaʊn/

Clown

clown; un artiste comique, surtout un dans un cirque, portant un costume traditionnel et du maquillage exagéré
Meaning
a comic entertainer, especially one in a circus, wearing a traditional costume and exaggerated makeup
Example
The children laughed loudly at the funny clown's silly antics.
Les enfants ont ri aux éclats des bêtises du clown drôle.
C1 /ˈɡrævəl/

gravel

gravier
Meaning
Small stones and pebbles, often mixed with sand, used for paths, roads, and construction.
Example
The driveway was covered with gravel.
L'allée était recouverte de gravier.
C2 phrase ˌdʒʊə.rɪs.pruːˈden.ʃəl ˈbentʃ.mɑːk

jurisprudential benchmark

repère juridique
Meaning
A legal standard or precedent that serves as a reference point for future legal decisions.
Example
The decision set a jurisprudential benchmark.
La décision a établi un repère juridique.