refectory
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C2 noun /rɪˈfɛktəri/

refectory

réfectoire
Meaning
a dining hall, especially in a monastery, convent, or school
Example
Students had lunch in the refectory.
Les étudiants ont déjeuné dans le réfectoire.
C1 adjective /ˈhɑːrtˌrɛndɪŋ/

heartrending

déchirant
Meaning
Causing great sadness or distress; very moving emotionally.
Example
The documentary showed heartrending scenes of war victims.
Le documentaire montrait des scènes déchirantes des victimes de la guerre.
C1 noun kənˈvɜː.dʒəns

convergence

convergence
Meaning
The process of coming together from different directions to meet at a common point; unification or integration.
Example
The convergence of technologies is revolutionizing industries.
La convergence des technologies révolutionne les industries.
B2 verb /ɪˈlɛkt/

elect

élire
Meaning
To choose someone for a position or office by voting.
Example
The citizens elected a new president.
Les citoyens ont élu un nouveau président.
C1 adjective ˈfjuː.taɪl

futile

futile
Meaning
Incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
Example
His attempts to change the situation were futile.
Ses tentatives de changer la situation étaient futiles.
C1 verb, noun /dɪsˈkrɛdɪt/

discredit

discréditer
Meaning
To harm the reputation of someone or something; loss of respect or credibility.
Example
The scandal discredited the politician in the eyes of the public.
Le scandale a discrédité le politicien aux yeux du public.
B2 noun /ˈfer.i boʊt/

Ferry-boat

bac
Meaning
a boat that carries passengers and vehicles across water
Example
We took the ferry-boat to cross the river.
Nous avons pris le ferry-bot pour traverser le fleuve.
C2 verb /ˌɛvəˈnɛs/

evanesce

s'évanouir
Meaning
To disappear gradually; to fade away.
Example
The mist began to evanesce as the sun rose higher.
La brume a commencé à s'évanouir à mesure que le soleil montait plus haut.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈkwɒl.ɪ.faɪd/

Unqualified

incompétent; non qualifié;
Meaning
not having the necessary skills or qualifications; complete or absolute
Example
He was unqualified for the engineering position due to lack of experience.
Il était inqualifié pour le poste d'ingénieur en raison de son manque d'expérience.
C1 adjective /praɪˈmɔːrdiəl/

primordial

primaire
Meaning
Existing at or from the beginning of time; fundamental and original.
Example
Scientists study the primordial soup from which life emerged.
Les scientifiques étudient la soupe primordiale dont la vie a émergé.
C1 adjective, noun /əbˈzɔːrbənt/

absorbent

absorbant
Meaning
able to soak up liquid, moisture, or energy easily; a material or substance that absorbs
Example
This towel is highly absorbent and dries quickly.
Cette serviette est très absorbante et sèche rapidement.
B1 noun /ˈmeɪkər/

maker

créateur
Meaning
a person or thing that makes or produces something
Example
He is a famous movie maker in Hollywood.
Il est un célèbre créateur de films à Hollywood.
C1 verb /rɪˈtrækt/

retract

retirer
Meaning
to withdraw a statement, promise, or part of the body; to pull back
Example
The company retracted its earlier statement after realizing the error.
L'entreprise a retiré sa déclaration antérieure après avoir réalisé l'erreur.
C1 noun ˈæ.sɛt ˌæl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən

asset allocation

répartition des actifs
Meaning
An investment strategy that aims to balance risk and reward by apportioning a portfolio's assets according to an individual's goals, risk tolerance, and investment horizon.
Example
Proper asset allocation is key to financial growth.
Une répartition correcte des actifs est essentielle pour la croissance financière.
C2 verb /kənˈstrɪndʒ/

constringe

contracter
Meaning
to cause to shrink or contract; to constrict
Example
The medicine helped constringe the swollen tissues.
Le médicament a aidé à contracter les tissus enflés.
C1 verb ˈsɪn.ɚ.dʒaɪz

synergize

synergiser, combiner de manière à améliorer l'efficacité.
Meaning
combine in such a way as to enhance effectiveness.
Example
The departments must synergize to improve efficiency.
Les départements doivent synergie pour améliorer l'efficacité.
A1 noun /ˈlaɪ.brər.i/

Library

bibliothèque
Meaning
a building or room containing collections of books, periodicals, and sometimes films and recorded music for people to read, borrow, or refer to
Example
She goes to the library every weekend to study.
Elle va à la bibliothèque chaque week-end pour étudier.
C1 verb /ʌnˈɜːθ/

unearth

déterrer
Meaning
To dig up from the ground or to discover something hidden.
Example
Archaeologists unearthed ancient artifacts at the site.
Les archéologues ont déterré des artefacts anciens sur le site.
A2 adjective /pjʊər/

Pure

pur; clair; sans tache; sans discrimination;
Meaning
clean; clear; untainted; without discrimination;
Example
The water from the mountain spring is pure.
L'eau de la source de la montagne est pure.
B1 adjective /rɪˈmoʊt/

remote

éloigné
Meaning
Situated far from the main centers of population; distant.
Example
They stayed in a remote village during their trip.
Ils sont restés dans un village éloigné pendant leur voyage.
B1 verb /wɔːrn/

warn

avertir
Meaning
to alert about danger; to give notice of risk
Example
The weather service warns of heavy rain tonight.
Le service météorologique avertit des fortes pluies ce soir.
C1 adjective ɪˈluː.sər.i

illusory

illusoire
Meaning
Based on illusion; not real although seeming to be.
Example
His sense of security was entirely illusory.
Son sentiment de sécurité était entièrement illusoire.
C1 adjective /ˈsiːs.ləs/

Ceaseless

incessant; continu
Meaning
continuing without pause or interruption; endless
Example
The ceaseless rain lasted for three days.
La pluie incessante a duré trois jours.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈmænɪdʒəbəl/

Unmanageable

ingérable; hors de contrôle
Meaning
difficult or impossible to control or handle
Example
The large class became unmanageable without proper supervision.
La grande classe est devenue ingérable sans une supervision adéquate.
B2 noun /ˈkjuː.bɪ.kəl/

cubicle

bureau compartimenté
Meaning
A small partitioned-off area of a room, typically in an office.
Example
She works in a cubicle with three other colleagues.
Elle travaille dans un bureau compartimenté avec trois autres collègues.
C1 verb /ˈhaɪtən/

heighten

accentuer
Meaning
to make or become greater in intensity or degree
Example
The announcement served to heighten the excitement in the room.
L'annonce a servi à accentuer l'excitation dans la pièce.
B2 noun ˈvaɪtəl rɪˈsɔːrsɪz

vital resources

ressources vitales
Meaning
Essential assets or supplies that are crucial for survival and development.
Example
Water is one of Bangladesh's vital resources.
L'eau est l'une des ressources vitales du Bangladesh.
C1 adjective /ˈpjuː.ni/

puny

faible
Meaning
Small, weak, or insignificant.
Example
He felt puny compared to his stronger classmates.
Il se sentait faible comparé à ses camarades de classe plus forts.
C2 adjective /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri/

valedictory

de départ
Meaning
Serving as a farewell or parting; relating to a valediction.
Example
He delivered a valedictory speech at the conference.
Il a prononcé un discours de départ à la conférence.
B2 adjective /ˈhoʊm.sɪk/

Homesick

nostalgie de la maison; tristesse de l'absence de chez soi
Meaning
experiencing a longing for one's home during a period of absence from it; missing home
Example
After three months studying abroad, Maria felt increasingly homesick for her family.
Après trois mois d'études à l'étranger, Maria se sentait de plus en plus nostalgique de sa famille.
C1 noun /ˈpæʃ.ən ˌflaʊ.ər/

Passion flower

fleur de la passion
Meaning
A climbing plant with intricate, colorful flowers; also refers to royal poinciana tree with red-orange blooms
Example
The passion flower vine covered the garden wall with beautiful blooms.
La vigne de la fleur de la passion a couvert le mur du jardin avec de magnifiques fleurs.
C2 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈmænd/

countermand

annuler un ordre
Meaning
to revoke or cancel an order or command
Example
The general countermanded the previous orders immediately.
Le général a annulé les ordres précédents immédiatement.
B2 adverb /ˌfɜːrðərˈmɔːr/

furthermore

de plus
Meaning
Used to introduce an additional point or idea; in addition.
Example
The plan is simple and, furthermore, it is affordable.
Le plan est simple et, de plus, il est abordable.
B1 noun /ɛr pəˈluːʃən/

air pollution

pollution de l'air
Meaning
The presence of harmful or poisonous substances in the air, typically caused by industrial processes, vehicle emissions, or other human activities.
Example
Air pollution from factories led to the first environmental movement.
La pollution de l'air provenant des usines a conduit au premier mouvement environnemental.
B2 noun, adjective /ˌpəʊstˈɡrædʒuət/

postgraduate

étudiant de troisième cycle
Meaning
A student who has completed a first degree and is studying for a further degree.
Example
She is doing postgraduate research in physics.
Elle fait des recherches de troisième cycle en physique.
B2 noun /stɑːˈveɪ.ʃən/

Starvation

famine
Meaning
suffering or death caused by lack of food; extreme hunger
Example
Many people died of starvation during the famine.
Beaucoup de gens sont morts de famine pendant la famine.
B2 noun /ˌaɪ.səˈleɪ.ʃən/

Isolation

isolement
Meaning
the process or fact of isolating or being isolated; separation from other people or things
Example
The patient was kept in isolation to prevent the spread of the infectious disease.
Le patient a été mis en isolement pour empêcher la propagation de la maladie infectieuse.
C2 adjective /ˈwæɡ.ɪʃ/

waggish

espiègle ou taquin
Meaning
playfully humorous or mischievous
Example
His waggish remarks made everyone laugh.
Ses remarques espiègles ont fait rire tout le monde.
C1 adjective /pæˈseɪ/

passe

démodé; hors de mode
Meaning
no longer fashionable or current; out of date
Example
Some trends from last decade feel utterly passé now.
Certaines tendances du dernier siècle semblent désormais complètement démodées.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdaɪt/

indict

inculper
Meaning
to formally accuse someone of committing a serious crime
Example
The grand jury decided to indict the politician for corruption.
Le grand jury a décidé d'inculper le politicien pour corruption.
A2 noun/adjective /ˈmɛksɪkən/

mexican

bonheur
Meaning
a native or inhabitant of Mexico; relating to Mexico or its people, culture, or language
Example
She enjoys Mexican food like tacos and enchiladas.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 verb /kənˈdjuːs/

conduce

contribuer
Meaning
To help bring about a particular result; to contribute to something.
Example
Regular exercise conduces to better health.
L'exercice régulier contribue à une meilleure santé.
C2 noun /ˈtraɪdənt/

trident

trident
Meaning
A three-pronged spear, often associated with Neptune or Poseidon.
Example
The statue of Poseidon holds a mighty trident.
La statue de Poséidon tient un puissant trident.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊntərˌpɔɪnt/

counterpoint

contrepoint
Meaning
an argument, idea, or theme contrasting with another; also a musical term for independent melody
Example
Her calm attitude was a counterpoint to his anger.
Son attitude calme était un contrepoint à sa colère.
C1 verb, noun /ˈflʌstər/

fluster

embrouiller
Meaning
to make someone agitated or confused
Example
The unexpected question flustered him.
La question inattendue l'a embrouillé.
C2 adjective /dɪˈsɛnʃənt/

dissentient

dissident
Meaning
Expressing or holding opinions that are opposed to the majority or official view.
Example
Only a few dissentient voices were heard during the debate.
Seules quelques voix dissidentes ont été entendues lors du débat.
C2 noun /ˌɡæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

gasification

gazéification
Meaning
The process of converting solid or liquid fuel into gas.
Example
Gasification is widely used to produce fuel gas from coal.
La gazéification est largement utilisée pour produire du gaz combustible à partir du charbon.
B2 noun /dɪˈstɪŋk.ʃən/

Distinction

distinction; excellence; reconnaissance
Meaning
a difference or contrast between similar things; excellence that sets someone apart; honor or recognition
Example
She graduated with distinction, earning the highest honors in her class.
Elle a obtenu son diplôme avec distinction, obtenant les plus grands honneurs dans sa classe.
B1 noun /ˈfɛloʊ/

fellow

camarade
Meaning
a person who shares a common situation, interest, or activity with another
Example
He is a fellow student in my class.
Il est un camarade étudiant dans ma classe.
C1 adjective /ˌtræn.zətˈlæn.tɪk/

transatlantic

traverser l'océan Atlantique
Meaning
crossing or spanning the Atlantic Ocean
Example
They took a transatlantic flight from New York to London.
Ils ont pris un vol transatlantique de New York à Londres.
C1 adjective /ˈnɔːrmətɪv/

normative

normatif
Meaning
relating to rules, standards, or norms that govern behavior or beliefs
Example
The study focused on the normative aspects of cultural behavior.
L'étude s'est concentrée sur les aspects normatifs du comportement culturel.
A2 preposition /ˈɒntu/

onto

sur
Meaning
moving to a position on the surface of something
Example
She jumped onto the table to get the book.
Elle a sauté sur la table pour prendre le livre.
C1 adjective /ˈkwɑː.drʊ.pəl/

Quadruple

quadruple
Meaning
four times as much or as many; consisting of four parts
Example
The company's profits have shown quadruple growth this year.
Les bénéfices de l'entreprise ont montré une croissance quadruple cette année.
C2 verb /ˈskærɪfaɪ/

scarify

scarifier
Meaning
to make shallow cuts or scratches; to loosen the surface of soil
Example
The farmer scarified the soil before planting seeds.
L'agriculteur a scarifié le sol avant de planter les graines.
C2 noun /ˈwɪndbæɡ/

windbag

bavard
Meaning
a person who talks too much, especially in a boring or boastful way
Example
Everyone avoided the windbag at the party because he never let anyone else speak.
Tout le monde a évité le bavard à la fête parce qu'il ne laissait jamais les autres parler.
C1 noun /sɛkt/

sect

secte
Meaning
a subgroup of a larger religious or political group, often with differing beliefs
Example
The group split into different sects due to doctrinal differences.
Le groupe s'est divisé en différentes sectes en raison des différences doctrinales.
A1 adjective /ˈevri/

Every

chaque; tous; sans exception
Meaning
each one; all; without exception
Example
Every student must complete their homework.
Chaque étudiant doit terminer ses devoirs.
B1 noun /ˈev.ɪ.dəns/

Evidence

preuve
Meaning
the available body of facts or information indicating whether a belief or proposition is true
Example
The detective found crucial evidence that solved the mysterious case.
Le détective a trouvé une preuve cruciale qui a résolu le cas mystérieux.
C1 adverb /ˌwɛr.əˈpɒn/

whereupon

immédiatement après
Meaning
Immediately after which; as a result of which.
Example
He confessed his mistake, whereupon she forgave him.
Il a avoué son erreur, immédiatement après elle lui a pardonné.
C1 verb /dɪsˈkleɪm/

disclaim

démentir
Meaning
to deny responsibility or connection with something
Example
The company disclaimed responsibility for the accident.
L'entreprise a démenti toute responsabilité pour l'accident.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈvɔɪst/

unvoiced

non exprimé
Meaning
not expressed in speech; in phonetics, a sound produced without vocal cord vibration
Example
The student kept her opinion unvoiced during the meeting.
L'étudiante a gardé son opinion non exprimée pendant la réunion.
C1 verb /kəˈluːd/

collude

comploter
Meaning
To secretly cooperate or conspire with others, often for a deceitful purpose.
Example
The two companies colluded to fix prices in the market.
Les deux entreprises ont comploté pour fixer les prix sur le marché.
C1 noun /ˈpriː.tekst/

Pretext

prétexte
Meaning
a reason given in justification of a course of action that is not the real reason
Example
He used illness as a pretext to avoid the meeting.
Il a utilisé la maladie comme prétexte pour éviter la réunion.
C2 noun /ˌɪməʊˈbɪləti/

immobility

immobilité
Meaning
The state of being unable to move.
Example
After the accident, she suffered from immobility in her legs.
Après l'accident, elle a souffert d'immobilité dans ses jambes.
C1 verb /hoʊn/

hone

aiguiser, améliorer une compétence
Meaning
To sharpen a blade or to improve a skill through practice.
Example
She honed her presentation skills before the big meeting.
Elle a affiné ses compétences en présentation avant la grande réunion.
A2 noun /dɪˈzɜːrt/

dessert

dessert
Meaning
the sweet course eaten at the end of a meal
Example
We had ice cream for dessert after dinner.
Nous avons mangé de la glace comme dessert après le dîner.
B2 adverb /ˈtaɪtli/

Tightly

ferme; étroitement
Meaning
in a tight manner; firmly; securely
Example
Hold the rope tightly so you don't fall.
Tenez la corde fermement pour ne pas tomber.
C1 noun /dɪˌnɒmɪˈneɪʃən/

denomination

dénomination, valeur
Meaning
a recognized autonomous branch of the Christian Church; a unit of value or currency
Example
The church belongs to a Protestant denomination.
L'église appartient à une dénomination protestante.
B2 verb /ˌʌndərˈɛstɪmeɪt/

underestimate

sous-estimer
Meaning
To judge something as less important or smaller than it really is.
Example
Never underestimate the power of teamwork.
Ne sous-estimez jamais la puissance du travail d'équipe.
C2 verb /ˈbækbaɪt/

backbite

médire
Meaning
to speak negatively about someone who is not present; to slander behind someone’s back
Example
It is wrong to backbite your colleagues behind their backs.
Il est mal de médire de ses collègues en leur absence.
B1 noun /ˈbriːðɪŋ/

breathing

bonheur
Meaning
the process of taking air into and expelling it from the lungs.
Example
Deep breathing can help you relax.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
B2 adjective, noun /ˈsaɪkɪk/

psychic

psychique
Meaning
relating to the mind or supernatural powers; a person claiming to have extrasensory abilities
Example
The psychic claimed she could predict the future.
La voyante a affirmé qu'elle pouvait prédire l'avenir.
C2 noun /ˈɛkwɪpɪdʒ/

equipage

Équipement ou un carrosse avec ses accessoires
Meaning
Equipment or a carriage with its accessories.
Example
The nobleman arrived in a grand equipage.
Le noble est arrivé dans un grand carrosse.
B2 noun /ˈɡræfɪks/

graphics

graphismes
Meaning
visual images, designs, or drawings used to convey information or artistic expression
Example
The website uses stunning graphics to attract visitors.
Le site utilise des graphismes impressionnants pour attirer les visiteurs.
C2 noun /ruːd/

rood

croix
Meaning
a crucifix, especially one positioned above the entrance to the chancel of a church
Example
The old church displayed a carved rood above the altar.
L'ancien église affichait une croix sculptée au-dessus de l'autel.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmeʒərəbəl/

Immeasurable

incommensurable
Meaning
too large or extensive to measure; boundless
Example
The immeasurable love of a mother knows no bounds.
L'amour incommensurable d'une mère ne connaît aucune limite.
A1 noun /ˈpæstə/

pasta

pâtes
Meaning
an Italian food made from flour and water, typically shaped into noodles or sheets
Example
We had creamy pasta for dinner last night.
Nous avons mangé des pâtes crémeuses pour le dîner hier soir.
C1 verb /nəˈsɛsɪteɪt/

necessitate

rendre nécessaire
Meaning
To make something necessary or unavoidable.
Example
The heavy rains necessitated the cancellation of the event.
Les fortes pluies ont rendu l'annulation de l'événement inévitable.
C2 adjective /ˈsɪbɪlənt/

sibilant

avec un son sifflant
Meaning
Making or characterized by a hissing sound.
Example
The word 'snake' starts with a sibilant sound.
Le mot 'snake' commence par un son sifflant.
A1 adverb /nɒt/

not

non
Meaning
used to make a word or phrase negative
Example
I do not like spicy food.
Je n'aime pas la nourriture épicée.
C2 noun, verb /ˈfɪlɪˌbʌstər/

filibuster

une tactique de retardement des actions législatives par des discours prolongés; utiliser une telle tactique
Meaning
a tactic of delaying legislative action by prolonged speech; to use such a tactic
Example
The senator filibustered for hours to prevent the bill from passing.
Le sénateur a filibusté pendant des heures pour empêcher l'adoption du projet de loi.
A1 noun /ˈθaʊzənd/

thousand

mille
Meaning
the number equal to 10 hundred or 1,000
Example
There were a thousand people at the concert.
Il y avait mille personnes au concert.
B2 adjective /rɪˈspek.tə.bəl/

Respectable

respectable
Meaning
worthy of respect; having good reputation; decent
Example
He comes from a respectable family in the community.
Il vient d'une famille respectable dans la communauté.
B2 noun ɪˈmɪʃ.ənz

emissions

émissions
Meaning
The production and discharge of something, especially gas, heat, light, or radiation.
Example
Carbon emissions are rising globally.
Les émissions de carbone augmentent à l'échelle mondiale.
A2 noun /ˈmɪr.ər/

Mirror

miroir
Meaning
a reflective surface that shows an image of whatever is in front of it
Example
She looked at herself in the mirror.
Elle s'est regardée dans le miroir.
B2 adverb /ɪˈfɪʃəntli/

efficiently

efficacement
Meaning
in a way that achieves maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense
Example
She managed to complete the task efficiently within the deadline.
Elle a réussi à terminer la tâche efficacement dans les délais.
C1 noun /ˈɡær.ɪ.sən/

garrison

garnison
Meaning
A body of troops stationed in a particular location, usually to defend it.
Example
The garrison defended the fortress against the invaders.
La garnison a défendu la forteresse contre les envahisseurs.
C2 noun /pɪˈlɑːf/

Pillaw

pilav
Meaning
a dish of rice cooked in seasoned broth, often with meat and vegetables
Example
We enjoyed a delicious chicken pillaw for dinner.
Nous avons dégusté un délicieux pilav au poulet pour le dîner.
A1 noun/adjective /saʊθ/

south

sud
Meaning
the direction towards the bottom of a map, opposite to north
Example
The sun rises in the east and sets in the south.
Le soleil se lève à l'est et se couche au sud.
B1 noun /ˈeər fɔːrs/

Air force

force aérienne
Meaning
the military organization of a country that uses aircraft for fighting
Example
The air force conducted a training exercise over the mountains.
La force aérienne a mené un exercice d'entraînement au-dessus des montagnes.
C1 adjective /prəˈmɪskjuəs/

promiscuous

promiscueux
Meaning
Having or showing a casual and unselective approach, often used to describe indiscriminate sexual relationships.
Example
The novel depicts a character with a promiscuous lifestyle.
Le roman dépeint un personnage avec un mode de vie promiscu.
B1 noun /ˈtʃɪl.i/

Chilly/Chilli

froid; piment épicé;
Meaning
noticeably cold; a hot-tasting pod of a variety of capsicum, used as a spice
Example
The chef added red chilli to make the curry spicier.
Le chef a ajouté du piment rouge pour rendre le curry plus épicé.
C2 noun /ˌæd.ʌmˈbreɪ.ʃən/

adumbration

présage vague
Meaning
a vague foreshadowing or symbolic representation of something
Example
The play offers an adumbration of the political unrest to come.
La pièce offre un présage vague du malaise politique à venir.
C2 adjective /ˈdæpəld/

dappled

tacheté
Meaning
Marked with spots or patches of light and shade or different colors.
Example
The forest floor was dappled with sunlight.
Le sol de la forêt était tacheté de lumière solaire.
C1 adjective /ˈwɪntri/

wintry

hivernal
Meaning
Characteristic of or suitable for winter; cold and bleak.
Example
The wintry wind made everyone shiver as they walked outside.
Le vent hivernal a fait frissonner tout le monde lorsqu'ils marchaient dehors.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.bəl/

verbal

verbal, exprimé par des mots
Meaning
Relating to or in the form of words; spoken rather than written.
Example
Verbal communication is essential in most situations.
La communication verbale est essentielle dans la plupart des situations.
A2 adjective /laɪt ɡriːn/

Light green

vert clair
Meaning
a pale shade of green color; not dark green
Example
She wore a light green dress to the garden party.
Elle portait une robe verte claire à la fête dans le jardin.
C2 noun /ˈkɪŋɡlɪŋ/

kingling

petit roi
Meaning
A minor or petty king; a ruler of small importance.
Example
The kingling demanded respect from his people despite his small realm.
Le petit roi exigeait le respect de son peuple malgré son petit royaume.
C2 noun /ˈɔːfəl/

offal

abats
Meaning
the internal organs and entrails of an animal used as food; waste parts
Example
The butcher prepared sausages using pork offal.
Le boucher a préparé des saucisses en utilisant des abats de porc.
C1 noun /ˈdrɛsˌmeɪkər/

dressmaker

couturière
Meaning
A person who makes or alters women's clothing professionally.
Example
The dressmaker crafted a beautiful gown for the bride.
La couturière a créé une belle robe pour la mariée.
A2 adjective, noun, verb /ˈtoʊ.təl/

total

total
Meaning
the whole amount; complete
Example
The total cost was too high.
Le coût total était trop élevé.
C1 noun /ˈɔr.i.ənt/

Orient

Orient, en particulier les pays d'Asie de l'Est
Meaning
the East, especially countries of eastern Asia; to determine one's position or direction
Example
Many spices come from the Orient.
De nombreuses épices viennent de l'Orient.
B2 noun ˈven.tʃərz

ventures

entreprise
Meaning
Business enterprises or undertakings, especially risky ones.
Example
Luxury ventures in space attract wealthy clients.
Les ventures de luxe dans l'espace attirent des clients fortunés.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈvɛtərət/

inveterate

invétéré
Meaning
having a long-established habit, activity, or interest that is unlikely to change
Example
He is an inveterate reader who spends hours in the library every day.
Il est un lecteur invétéré qui passe des heures à la bibliothèque chaque jour.
B2 noun /ˌrek.riˈeɪ.ʃən/

Recreation

loisir; le processus de faire exister quelque chose à nouveau
Meaning
an activity that is done for enjoyment; the process of making something exist again
Example
The park provides recreation facilities for children and adults.
Le parc offre des installations récréatives pour les enfants et les adultes.
C1 noun /əˈtoʊnmənt/

atonement

expiation
Meaning
the act of making amends for a wrong, sin, or injury
Example
The festival was celebrated as a day of atonement.
Le festival a été célébré comme un jour d'expiation.
C2 noun vəˈlɪʃən

volition

volonté
Meaning
The faculty or power of using one's will; the power of choosing or determining.
Example
She left the job of her own volition.
Elle a quitté le travail de son propre gré.
C1 adjective /ɡrəˈtjuːɪtəs/

gratuitous

injustifié
Meaning
Unnecessary, unwarranted, or given freely without reason or cause.
Example
The movie was criticized for its gratuitous violence.
Le film a été critiqué pour sa violence injustifiée
A1 noun, verb /laɪn/

line

ligne
Meaning
A long narrow mark or band; a row of people or things; to cover the inside surface of something.
Example
People waited in a long line outside the theater.
Les gens attendaient dans une longue ligne devant le théâtre.
C1 verb /ˈkæptɪveɪt/

captivate

captiver, attirer
Meaning
to attract and hold the interest of; to charm or fascinate
Example
Her beautiful voice captivated the audience.
Sa voix magnifique a captivé l'audience.
C1 verb /ˈmʌd.əl/

muddle

mettre en désordre
Meaning
to mix things up in a confused way or to make a mess of something
Example
He muddled the papers and couldn’t find the report.
Il a mis en désordre les papiers et n'a pas pu trouver le rapport.
C2 adjective /ˌpɑːrsɪˈmoʊniəs/

parsimonious

avare
Meaning
unwilling to spend money or use resources; stingy
Example
The company was too parsimonious to invest in better equipment.
L'entreprise était trop avare pour investir dans de meilleurs équipements.
B1 verb /ˈhɛdɪŋ/

heading

en direction de
Meaning
Moving in a particular direction.
Example
The ship is heading toward Antarctica.
Le navire se dirige vers l'Antarctique.
C2 noun /ˌmɒnəˈmeɪniə/

monomania

monomanie
Meaning
Excessive concentration or obsession with a single subject or idea.
Example
His monomania for collecting stamps worried his family.
Sa monomanie pour collectionner des timbres inquiétait sa famille.
A1 adjective /smɔːl/

Small

petit; limité; étroit
Meaning
little in size; not large; limited in extent or amount
Example
She lives in a small apartment near the university.
Elle vit dans un petit appartement près de l'université.
C2 noun /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒɪst/

genealogist

généalogiste
Meaning
A person who studies or traces the history of families and their lineages.
Example
The genealogist uncovered records dating back to the 18th century.
Le généalogiste a découvert des archives datant du XVIIIe siècle.
C2 adjective /ˈɔːrnəri/

ornery

irritable
Meaning
bad-tempered and combative; stubborn
Example
The ornery old man refused to leave his chair.
Le vieil homme irritable a refusé de quitter sa chaise.
A1 adjective /juːzd/

used

usé
Meaning
having already been used
Example
This is a used car.
C'est une voiture usée.
C2 noun /nɑːrˈsɪsəs/

narcissus

fleur de narcisse
Meaning
A type of flowering plant with yellow or white blooms, often associated with self-love from Greek mythology.
Example
A narcissus bloomed in the garden during spring.
Un narcisse a fleuri dans le jardin au printemps.
B2 adjective /ˈɒnərəbəl/

honourable

honorable
Meaning
deserving respect or admiration because of moral integrity; showing honesty and fairness
Example
She is known as an honourable leader who always keeps her promises.
Elle est connue comme une dirigeante honorable qui tient toujours ses promesses.
C1 noun /dɪsˈɪntrəst/

disinterest

désintérêt
Meaning
lack of interest or concern
Example
His disinterest in the project was obvious.
Son désintérêt pour le projet était évident.