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B1 noun /per/

Pear

poire
Meaning
a sweet juicy fruit with a rounded shape that is wider at the bottom than the top
Example
She enjoyed a fresh pear from the orchard.
Elle a dégusté une poire fraîche du verger.
B2 noun ˈɪnəveɪtɪv tuːlz

innovative tools

outils innovants
Meaning
Creative devices or advanced technologies that introduce new methods or approaches to accomplish tasks.
Example
Teachers use innovative tools to enhance classroom learning.
Les enseignants utilisent des outils innovants pour améliorer l'apprentissage en classe.
C2 adjective /ˈhiːðənɪʃ/

heathenish

barbare
Meaning
Lacking culture or religion; barbaric or uncivilized.
Example
They considered the ancient tribe’s rituals heathenish.
Ils considéraient les rituels de la tribu ancienne comme païens.
B2 adjective ɪkˈsɛsɪv

excessive

excessif
Meaning
More than is necessary, normal, or desirable; immoderate.
Example
Excessive population growth leads to resource depletion.
La croissance excessive de la population conduit à l'épuisement des ressources.
B1 noun /reɪ/

ray

rayon
Meaning
a narrow beam of light, heat, or radiation
Example
A ray of sunlight broke through the clouds.
Un rayon de lumière du soleil a percé les nuages.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪtriəs/

vitreous

vitreux
Meaning
having a glass-like appearance or quality
Example
The mineral has a vitreous shine.
Le minéral a un éclat vitreux.
B2 noun /ˌædməˈreɪʃən/

admiration

admiration
Meaning
a feeling of respect, pleasure, or approval for someone or something
Example
She felt great admiration for her teacher’s dedication.
Elle ressentait une grande admiration pour son professeur.
C1 noun /ˌhoʊmiˈɑːpəθi/

homeopathy

homéopathie
Meaning
a system of alternative medicine based on treating diseases with highly diluted substances
Example
He believes in homeopathy for treating common colds.
Il croit en l'homéopathie pour traiter les rhumes.
C2 noun /ˈhʌm.ək/

hummock

butte
Meaning
A small hill, mound, or ridge of earth or ice.
Example
The hikers rested on a grassy hummock by the river.
Les randonneurs se sont reposés sur une butte herbeuse près de la rivière.
C1 noun /əˌlɪtəˈreɪʃən/

alliteration

allitération
Meaning
the occurrence of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words in close succession
Example
She used alliteration in her poem to add musicality.
Elle a utilisé l'alliteration dans son poème pour ajouter de la musicalité.
B2 noun /ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃən/

legislation

législation
Meaning
laws considered collectively, or the act of making laws
Example
The government passed new legislation to protect the environment.
Le gouvernement a adopté une nouvelle législation pour protéger l'environnement.
A1 preposition /ˈʌndər/

under

sous
Meaning
in or to a lower position than something
Example
The cat is under the table.
Le chat est sous la table.
C1 adjective /ˈprɪnsəpəld/

principled

intègre
Meaning
acting in accordance with moral or ethical standards
Example
He is a principled leader who always puts honesty first.
C'est un leader intègre qui met toujours l'honnêteté en premier.
C1 noun /ˈloʊ.kəst/

Locust

sauterelle
Meaning
a large insect that flies in groups and eats crops
Example
The locusts destroyed the entire wheat field.
Les sauterelles ont détruit tout le champ de blé.
B2 noun /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərɪŋ/

manufacturing

fabrication
Meaning
the process of making products on a large scale using machinery
Example
The country is investing heavily in the manufacturing sector.
Le pays investit massivement dans le secteur de la fabrication.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmənˌteɪtər/

commentator

commentateur
Meaning
a person who reports and discusses events, especially on TV or radio
Example
The commentator described the football match in detail.
Le commentateur a décrit le match de football en détail.
B2 adverb /ˈraɪtli/

Rightly

correctement; de manière appropriée; justement
Meaning
correctly; properly; justly
Example
She rightly pointed out the mistakes in the report.
Elle a justement souligné les erreurs dans le rapport.
C1 verb /ˈməʊbɪlaɪz/

mobilize

mobiliser
Meaning
to organize or prepare people or resources for action
Example
The leader worked hard to mobilize the community for the protest.
Le leader a travaillé dur pour mobiliser la communauté pour la protestation.
C1 verb /ˈnjuːtrəlaɪz/

neutralize

neutraliser
Meaning
to make something ineffective or harmless
Example
The medicine helped neutralize the poison in his system.
Le médicament a aidé à neutraliser le poison dans son système.
A1 adverb /ˈkwɪk.li/

Quickly

rapidement; vite
Meaning
at a fast speed; with little delay; rapidly
Example
He quickly finished his homework.
Il a rapidement fini ses devoirs.
C2 noun /kənˈkɔːrdəns/

concordance

concordance
Meaning
Agreement; also an alphabetical index of the principal words in a book.
Example
There is a strong concordance between the two reports.
Il y a une forte concordance entre les deux rapports.
B2 noun /ˈher ˌpɪn/

Hair pin

épingle à cheveux
Meaning
a thin piece of metal or plastic used to hold hair in place
Example
She used several hair pins to secure her elegant updo.
Elle a utilisé plusieurs épingles à cheveux pour fixer son élégant chignon.
C1 verb /kənˈkɒkt/

concoct

créer ou inventer
Meaning
to make something, especially food or a story, by mixing or inventing
Example
He concocted a story to explain his absence.
Il a inventé une histoire pour expliquer son absence.
C2 noun /ˈmæk.rəˌkɒz.əm/

macrocosm

macrocosme
Meaning
The whole universe considered as a large, complex system; a large-scale representation of something.
Example
The macrocosm of the universe reflects the microcosm of human life.
Le macrocosme de l'univers reflète le microcosme de la vie humaine.
C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

chiffre
Meaning
A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.
Example
Military messages are protected using a cipher.
Les messages militaires sont protégés par un chiffre.
A2 noun /ˈkjuː.kʌm.bər/

Cucumber

concombre
Meaning
a long green vegetable with watery flesh, eaten raw in salads or cooked
Example
I added fresh cucumber slices to my salad.
J'ai ajouté des tranches de concombre frais à ma salade.
B1 adverb /ˈbriːf.li/

Briefly

brièvement
Meaning
in a short and clear way; for a short time
Example
Please explain the problem briefly.
Veuillez expliquer le problème brièvement.
A1 noun /haʊs/

house

maison
Meaning
A building for people to live in, usually with rooms and a roof.
Example
They bought a new house in the city.
Ils ont acheté une nouvelle maison en ville.
B1 adjective /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/

alphabetical

alphabétique
Meaning
Arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet.
Example
The names were listed in alphabetical order.
Les noms étaient listés dans l'ordre alphabétique.
B2 adjective /ˌsʌp.lɪˈmen.tər.i/

Supplementary

supplémentaire; supplémentaire; additionnel
Meaning
completing or making an addition to something; additional; extra
Example
Students need to buy supplementary books for the course.
Les étudiants doivent acheter des livres supplémentaires pour le cours.
B2 adjective /əˈsɪdɪk/

acidic

acide
Meaning
containing acid; having a sour taste; sharp or biting in tone
Example
The lemon has an acidic taste that makes your mouth pucker.
Le citron a un goût acide.
C1 noun /rɪˈmɪʃən/

remission

rémission
Meaning
A temporary or permanent decrease or disappearance of disease symptoms; forgiveness of sins or debts.
Example
The patient’s cancer is in remission after the treatment.
Le cancer du patient est en rémission après le traitement.
C2 noun /ˌperəˈreɪʃən/

peroration

discours de conclusion
Meaning
The concluding part of a speech, often intended to inspire or persuade.
Example
The politician's peroration left the audience applauding enthusiastically.
La pérotation du politicien a fait applaudir le public avec enthousiasme.
C2 noun /ˌɛpɪˈdɜːrmɪs/

epidermis

couche externe de la peau
Meaning
the outer layer of cells covering the body of an organism, especially the skin
Example
The epidermis protects the body from harmful bacteria.
L'épiderme protège le corps des bactéries nuisibles.
C2 adjective /ˈklæmərəs/

clamorous

bruyant
Meaning
making a loud and confused noise; expressing strong demands noisily
Example
The clamorous audience demanded an encore from the band.
Le public bruyant a exigé un rappel du groupe.
C1 noun /ˈnep.ə.tɪz.əm/

Nepotism

Népotisme
Meaning
the practice of favoring relatives or friends in business or politics
Example
The company was accused of nepotism in its hiring practices.
L'entreprise a été accusée de népotisme dans ses pratiques d'embauche.
B1 noun /frʌˈstreɪʃən/

frustration

frustration
Meaning
The feeling of being upset or annoyed due to inability to achieve something.
Example
He felt deep frustration when his plans failed.
Il a ressenti une profonde frustration lorsque ses projets ont échoué.
C2 adjective /ˈflæb.i/

Flabby

mou et lâche; manque de fermeté ou de tonus musculaire; faible
Meaning
soft and loose; lacking firmness or muscle tone; weak
Example
His flabby arms showed he needed to exercise more.
Ses bras flasques montraient qu'il avait besoin de faire plus d'exercice.
C1 adjective /ˈstʌm.pi/

Stumpy

court et épais
Meaning
short and thick; having a short, thick appearance
Example
The stumpy little dog wagged its tail enthusiastically.
Le petit chien court et épais a agité sa queue avec enthousiasme.
C2 verb /aʊtˈraɪd/

outride

dépasser
Meaning
to ride faster, farther, or better than someone else
Example
The young rider managed to outride his competitors in the race.
Le jeune cavalier a réussi à dépasser ses concurrents dans la course.
C2 adjective /fækˈtɪʃəs/

factitious

artificiel, non authentique
Meaning
artificial or fabricated; not natural or genuine
Example
The excitement in his story seemed factitious and forced.
L'excitation dans son histoire semblait factice et forcée.
B1 adjective /əˈlaɪk/

Alike

semblable; de la même manière
Meaning
similar in appearance or nature; in the same way
Example
The two sisters look very much alike.
Les deux sœurs se ressemblent beaucoup.
C1 adjective /əbˈnɒkʃəs/

Obnoxious

odieux
Meaning
extremely unpleasant; offensive; annoying
Example
His obnoxious behavior at the party annoyed everyone.
Son comportement odieux à la fête a agacé tout le monde.
C1 noun /ˈkɒz.moʊs/

Cosmos

fleur cosmos
Meaning
a colorful annual flower with daisy-like blooms and feathery foliage
Example
The cosmos flowers swayed gently in the summer breeze across the meadow.
Les fleurs de cosmos se balançaient doucement dans la brise d'été à travers le pré.
C1 adjective /ɪˈnɜːrt/

inert

inactif
Meaning
lacking the ability or strength to move or act; chemically inactive
Example
The patient remained inert on the bed.
Le patient est resté inactif sur le lit.
C1 verb /splaɪs/

splice

joindre
Meaning
to join two pieces of rope, film, or other material by weaving or attaching them together
Example
The technician spliced the two wires to restore the connection.
Le technicien a joint les deux fils pour restaurer la connexion.
B2 noun /ˈsɪmbəl/

Symbol

symbole
Meaning
a mark or character used as a conventional representation of an object, function, or process
Example
The dove is a symbol of peace.
La colombe est un symbole de la paix.
C2 verb /sʌbˈtɛnd/

subtend

sous-tendre
Meaning
To extend across or form an angle at a particular point, often used in geometry.
Example
The arc subtends a 60-degree angle at the center of the circle.
L'arc sous-tend un angle de 60 degrés au centre du cercle.
B2 noun /ɡʌm/

Gum

gencive; substance visqueuse
Meaning
the firm flesh that surrounds the roots of the teeth; a viscous secretion
Example
The dentist checked her gum for any signs of disease.
Le dentiste a vérifié ses gencives pour détecter des signes de maladie.
B1 verb /prəˈmoʊt/

promote

promouvoir
Meaning
to help something develop or increase; to advance someone to a higher position
Example
The company promotes environmental awareness.
L'entreprise promeut la sensibilisation à l'environnement.
B2 noun /ˈmɒtəʊ/

motto

devise
Meaning
A short sentence or phrase that expresses a guiding belief or principle.
Example
Her motto in life is 'never give up.'
Son devise dans la vie est 'ne jamais abandonner.'
B2 noun, verb /ˈɑːrkaɪv/

archive

archive
Meaning
A collection of historical documents or records; to store or preserve information for future use.
Example
The library decided to archive all the old manuscripts.
La bibliothèque a décidé d'archiver tous les anciens manuscrits.
C2 noun /kaɪˈmɪərə/

chimera

chimère
Meaning
A mythical creature with parts from different animals; also used to mean a fanciful illusion or unattainable dream.
Example
The idea of a perfect society is often a chimera.
L'idée d'une société parfaite est souvent une chimère.
C1 noun /njʊəˈrəʊ.sɪs/

neurosis

névrose
Meaning
A relatively mild mental illness that is not caused by organic disease, involving symptoms of stress.
Example
His neurosis made social interactions difficult.
Sa névrose a rendu les interactions sociales difficiles.
B2 noun /ˈtrænskrɪpt/

transcript

transcription
Meaning
a written or printed version of material originally presented in another medium
Example
The professor asked for a transcript of the meeting.
Le professeur a demandé une transcription de la réunion.
B1 noun /ˈmelədi/

Melody

mélodie; air musical
Meaning
A sequence of single notes that is musically satisfying; a tune
Example
She hummed a beautiful melody while cooking dinner.
Elle fredonnait une belle mélodie pendant qu'elle préparait le dîner.
A2 adjective /ˈriː.sənt/

Recent

récent; nouveau; actuel;
Meaning
happening not long ago; new; current;
Example
The recent changes in weather patterns concern scientists.
Les changements récents dans les modèles climatiques préoccupent les scientifiques.
C2 verb /traɪˈsɛkt/

trisect

diviser en trois parties
Meaning
To divide into three parts.
Example
The teacher asked the students to trisect the line segment.
Le professeur a demandé aux élèves de diviser le segment de ligne en trois parties.
C1 noun /lɪˈɡæl.ə.ti/

Legality

légalité
Meaning
the quality or state of being legal; accordance with the law
Example
The lawyer questioned the legality of the contract.
L'avocat a remis en question la légalité du contrat.
C2 noun /sɛnˈtjʊəriən/

centurion

centurion
Meaning
A commander of a unit of one hundred soldiers in the ancient Roman army.
Example
The centurion led his men into battle with courage.
Le centurion a mené ses hommes au combat avec courage.
B2 verb /ˈtɜːrmɪˌneɪt/

terminate

terminer
Meaning
to bring something to an end or to stop something from continuing
Example
The company decided to terminate his contract.
L'entreprise a décidé de mettre fin à son contrat.
C1 adjective /ˈtɔːrtʃuəs/

tortuous

tortueux, complexe
Meaning
Full of twists and turns; excessively complex or complicated.
Example
The tortuous mountain road made driving very difficult.
La route tortueuse de montagne rendait la conduite très difficile.
B1 noun /kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən/

consideration

bonheur
Meaning
careful thought or attention to something before making a decision
Example
After much consideration, she accepted the job offer.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 adjective /ˈænsɪləri/

ancillary

annexe
Meaning
providing necessary support to the main system or organization
Example
The company provides ancillary services to the healthcare industry.
L'entreprise fournit des services annexes à l'industrie de la santé.
C2 noun /əˈbluːʃən/

ablution

ablution
Meaning
the act of washing oneself, often for religious purposes
Example
He performed his morning ablution before the prayer.
Il a effectué son ablution matinale avant la prière.
C1 noun /kæʃ/

cache

cache
Meaning
A hidden storage of items or a high-speed memory in computing.
Example
The hikers found a cache of supplies hidden under the rocks.
Les randonneurs ont trouvé un cache de fournitures caché sous les roches.
C1 noun /ɡlɔːs/

Gloss

une couche brillante ou lustrée; gloss pour lèvres
Meaning
a shiny or lustrous surface finish; a superficially attractive appearance; lip gloss
Example
She applied a clear gloss to her lips to give them a shiny, healthy appearance.
Elle a appliqué un gloss transparent sur ses lèvres pour leur donner un aspect brillant et sain.
C1 noun ˌɒb.səˈlɛs.əns

obsolescence

obsolescence
Meaning
The process of becoming obsolete or outdated and no longer used.
Example
The rapid advancement of technology leads to the obsolescence of old devices.
Le progrès rapide de la technologie entraîne l’obsolescence des anciens appareils.
B2 noun /rɛlm/

realm

domaine
Meaning
A kingdom or domain; a field or area of activity or interest.
Example
He is well known in the realm of science.
Il est bien connu dans le domaine de la science.
C1 adjective /ˈraɪ.tʃəs/

Righteous

vertueux; juste; moral
Meaning
morally right or justifiable; virtuous; having strong moral principles
Example
She felt righteous anger at the unfair treatment of workers.
Elle a ressenti une colère juste face au traitement injuste des travailleurs.
C1 noun /krʌtʃ/

crutch

béquille, soutien
Meaning
a support used by someone injured to walk; also something relied upon for support or help
Example
He had to use crutches after breaking his leg.
Il a dû utiliser des béquilles après s'être cassé la jambe.
A1 preposition /ɪn/

in

dans
Meaning
expressing the situation of being enclosed or surrounded by something
Example
She is in the kitchen preparing dinner.
Elle est dans la cuisine en train de préparer le dîner.
C1 noun /ˈɡuːs.bʌmps/

goosebumps

chair de poule
Meaning
small raised bumps on the skin caused by cold, fear, or excitement
Example
The horror movie gave me goosebumps.
Le film d'horreur m'a donné des frissons.
B1 noun /ˌpɒp.jəˈlær.ə.ti/

Popularity

popularité
Meaning
the state of being liked, admired, or supported by many people
Example
The singer's popularity has grown rapidly this year.
La popularité du chanteur a augmenté rapidement cette année.
B2 adverb /səˈfɪʃəntli/

sufficiently

suffisamment
Meaning
to an adequate degree or extent
Example
She studied sufficiently to pass the exam.
Elle a étudié suffisamment pour réussir l'examen.
C2 adjective /ˈdɛsəlˌtɔːri/

desultory

désordonné
Meaning
lacking a clear plan, purpose, or enthusiasm
Example
His desultory conversation bored the audience.
Sa conversation désordonnée ennuyait le public.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːni/

tawny

couleur brun jaunâtre
Meaning
A warm, sandy or golden-brown color.
Example
The owl's tawny feathers blended with the tree bark.
Les plumes brunes jaunâtres de la chouette se mêlaient à l'écorce de l'arbre.
B1 verb /səˈraʊnd/

surround

entourer
Meaning
To be all around someone or something.
Example
Mountains surround the small village.
Les montagnes entourent le petit village.
B2 noun /ˈkoʊ.brə/

Cobra

cobra
Meaning
a venomous snake with a hood that can be spread when threatened
Example
The cobra raised its hood and hissed at the intruder.
Le cobra a levé sa capuche et a sifflé à l'intrus.
C2 noun /ˈslæt.ən/

slattern

femme négligée
Meaning
a woman who is untidy or slovenly in appearance or habits
Example
The house looked as if a slattern lived there.
La maison avait l'air d'avoir une femme négligée qui y vivait.
C1 noun /ˈdɛdlɒk/

deadlock

impasse
Meaning
a situation in which progress is impossible because of disagreement
Example
Negotiations reached a deadlock after neither side agreed to compromise.
Les négociations ont atteint un impasse après que les deux parties aient refusé de faire des compromis.
B2 adjective ˌkɒm.prɪˈhen.sɪv

comprehensive

complet
Meaning
Including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something; complete and thorough.
Example
A comprehensive study enhances understanding.
Une étude complète améliore la compréhension.
B2 noun /ˈwaɪld.laɪf ˌkɒnsərˈveɪʃən/

wildlife conservation

conservation de la faune sauvage
Meaning
The practice of protecting wild animal species and their habitats in order to maintain healthy wildlife species or populations and to restore, protect or enhance natural ecosystems.
Example
Wildlife conservation aims to protect endangered species.
La conservation de la faune sauvage vise à protéger les espèces en danger.
C2 adjective /ˌdɛl.ɪˈtɪə.ri.əs/

deleterious

nuisible
Meaning
Causing physical or mental harm or damage.
Example
Smoking has deleterious effects on health.
Fumer a des effets nuisibles sur la santé.
C2 noun /ˌdɪləˈtænt/

dilettante

amateur
Meaning
A person who takes up an art, activity, or subject merely for amusement, especially in a superficial way.
Example
He was dismissed as a dilettante in the art world because he lacked formal training.
Il a été rejeté comme un amateur dans le monde de l'art car il manquait de formation formelle.
B2 noun /baɪˈɒɡrəfi/

Biography

biographie
Meaning
an account of someone's life written by someone else; the story of a person's life
Example
I'm reading a fascinating biography of Albert Einstein.
Je lis une biographie fascinante d'Albert Einstein.
B2 adjective /ˈwɜːrði/

Worthy

digne; méritant; respectable;
Meaning
deserving respect or attention; having merit
Example
Her charitable work made her worthy of the humanitarian award.
Son travail charitable la rend digne du prix humanitaire.
A1 noun /ˈfæməli/

family

famille
Meaning
A group consisting of parents and their children, or all the descendants of a common ancestor.
Example
She spends most of her weekends with her family.
Elle passe la plupart de ses week-ends avec sa famille.
B2 noun /ˈsɛm.ɪ.nɑːr/

seminar

séminaire
Meaning
A meeting for discussion or training, especially in an academic setting.
Example
The professor invited all students to attend the seminar on climate change.
Le professeur a invité tous les étudiants à assister au séminaire sur le changement climatique.
C1 noun /ˌɪmɔːrˈtæləti/

immortality

immortalité
Meaning
the state of living forever; eternal life or lasting fame beyond death
Example
Many ancient cultures believed that heroes could achieve immortality through great deeds.
De nombreuses cultures anciennes pensaient que les héros pouvaient atteindre l’immortalité par de grands exploits.
C2 noun /ˈɡɪbən/

gibbon

gibbon
Meaning
a small to medium-sized tailless ape with long arms, native to the forests of Southeast Asia
Example
The gibbon swung gracefully through the trees using its long arms.
Le gibbon se balançait gracieusement entre les arbres avec ses longs bras.
C1 verb /dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/

dissatisfy

décevoir
Meaning
to fail to please or meet expectations; to make someone unhappy
Example
The poor service dissatisfies many customers.
Le mauvais service déçoit de nombreux clients.
C1 verb, noun /ˈɡrɪməs/

grimace

grimace
Meaning
to make an ugly, twisted expression on one's face, usually in disgust or pain
Example
He grimaced when he tasted the sour fruit.
Il grimace lorsqu'il goûta le fruit aigre.
B2 noun /əˈfɛns/

offense

infraction
Meaning
an illegal act; a crime
Example
The offense was committed in broad daylight.
L'infraction a été commise en plein jour.
C2 adjective /ˈvɔːntɪd/

vaunted

excessivement vanté
Meaning
praised or boasted about, especially excessively
Example
The vaunted technology failed to deliver the expected results.
La technologie excessivement vantée n'a pas donné les résultats attendus.
A2 noun ˈtʃælɪndʒ

challenge

défi
Meaning
A call to take part in a contest or competition, especially a demanding or stimulating one; a task or situation that tests someone's abilities.
Example
Plastic pollution poses a significant challenge to global health.
La pollution plastique représente un défi important pour la santé mondiale.
B1 noun /ˈnɑn.sens/

Nonsense

n'importe quoi
Meaning
words or language that have no meaning; foolish or unacceptable behavior
Example
Stop talking nonsense and be serious!
Arrête de dire n'importe quoi et sois sérieux !
C2 noun /ˈsɔː.dər/

Sawder

flatterie; discours flatteur
Meaning
flattering or wheedling talk; soft soap
Example
His sawder couldn't convince anyone of his sincerity.
Sa flatterie n'a pas pu convaincre qui que ce soit de sa sincérité.
B2 adjective /rɪˈzɪl.i.ənt/

resilient

résistant
Meaning
Able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions.
Example
Resilient materials ensure durability.
Les matériaux résilients garantissent la durabilité.
C1 verb /ˈfɔːltər/

falter

hésiter ou perdre de la force ou de l'élan
Meaning
to hesitate or lose strength or momentum
Example
Her voice faltered as she delivered the speech.
Sa voix a faibli lorsqu'elle a prononcé son discours.
C1 adjective /tɛk ˈdrɪv.ən/

tech-driven

alimenté par la technologie
Meaning
Powered or guided by technology; dependent on technological advancement for operation.
Example
The agricultural sector is becoming more tech-driven for higher efficiency.
Le secteur agricole devient de plus en plus axé sur la technologie pour une efficacité accrue.
B1 verb /rɪd/

rid

se débarrasser
Meaning
to remove or get rid of something
Example
I need to rid the house of all the clutter.
J'ai besoin de débarrasser la maison de tout le désordre.
B2 adjective /ˈles.ər/

Lesser

moindre
Meaning
smaller in amount; of lower importance; inferior
Example
He chose the lesser of two evils when making his decision.
Il a choisi le moindre de deux maux lorsqu'il a pris sa décision.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʒʊəriəs/

injurious

nuisible
Meaning
Causing or likely to cause harm or damage.
Example
Smoking is injurious to health.
Fumer est nuisible à la santé.
A2 noun /ˈstʌmək/

Stomach

estomac
Meaning
the organ in the body where food is digested; the belly or abdomen
Example
My stomach hurts after eating too much.
Mon estomac me fait mal après avoir trop mangé.
C2 noun /ˈmaʊntɪˌbæŋk/

mountebank

charlatan
Meaning
A charlatan or trickster who deceives others, often for personal gain.
Example
The crowd was fooled by the mountebank’s false promises.
La foule a été trompée par les fausses promesses du charlatan.
B2 noun /ˈkɒnsənənt/

consonant

consonne
Meaning
A speech sound produced by blocking air flow, or a letter representing such a sound.
Example
The word 'cat' has two consonants and one vowel.
Le mot 'chat' a deux consonnes et une voyelle.
C1 adjective /ˈskeɪðɪŋ/

scathing

critique acerbe
Meaning
severely critical; harshly scornful
Example
The critic wrote a scathing review of the movie.
Le critique a écrit une critique acerbe du film.
B2 noun /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/

habitat

habitat
Meaning
The natural environment where an organism lives and meets its needs.
Example
The polar bear's natural habitat is the Arctic region.
L'habitat naturel de l'ours polaire est la région arctique.
B2 adjective /ˈstʌnɪŋ/

stunning

éblouissant
Meaning
extremely impressive or attractive
Example
The view from the top of the mountain was absolutely stunning.
La vue du sommet de la montagne était absolument éblouissante.
B2 verb ˈfɔːr.mjə.leɪt

formulate

formuler
Meaning
To create or develop a plan or idea clearly and specifically, to construct an idea or strategy clearly.
Example
The company must formulate a strategy for expansion.
L'entreprise doit formuler une stratégie pour l'expansion.
C1 noun /njʊˈrɑːlədʒi/

neurology

Meaning
The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the nervous system.
Example
She specializes in neurology and treats patients with brain diseases.
C1 adverb /ˈnæroʊli/

Narrowly

de justesse; à peine
Meaning
by a small margin; barely; in a limited way
Example
She narrowly escaped the accident.
Elle a échappé de justesse à l'accident.
B2 adjective /æbˈnɔːr.məl/

abnormal

anormal
Meaning
deviating from what is normal or usual, typically in a way that is undesirable
Example
The doctor noticed an abnormal growth in the patient’s lung.
Le médecin a remarqué une croissance anormale dans les poumons du patient.
A2 noun; gerund /ˈwɒʃɪŋ/

washing

lavage
Meaning
the act of cleaning with water or other liquid; clothes or items that are being washed
Example
Washing clothes regularly helps maintain hygiene.
Le lavage régulier des vêtements aide à maintenir l'hygiène.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkəmˈpliːt/

incomplete

incomplet
Meaning
Not finished, lacking some parts or not whole.
Example
Her report was incomplete and needed further details.
Son rapport était incomplet et nécessitait des détails supplémentaires.
C2 noun /ˈhɒdʒ.pɒdʒ/

hodgepodge

mélange confus
Meaning
A confusing mixture of different things; a jumble.
Example
The essay was a hodgepodge of unrelated ideas.
L'essai était un mélange confus d'idées non liées.
C1 adjective /ˈpəʊ.tənt/

Potent

puissant; fort; efficace
Meaning
having great strength, power, or effect; influential
Example
The medicine is very potent and should be taken carefully.
Le médicament est très puissant et doit être pris avec précaution.
C1 adjective /taɪˈtænɪk/

titanic

titane
Meaning
Of exceptional strength, size, or power.
Example
The company made titanic efforts to expand into new markets.
L'entreprise a fait des efforts titanesques pour se développer sur de nouveaux marchés.
A2 noun /ˈdʌst.bɪn/

Dustbin

poubelle
Meaning
a container for holding waste or garbage before disposal
Example
Please throw the paper into the dustbin after use.
Veuillez jeter le papier dans la poubelle après utilisation.
C1 adjective /ˈniːd.ləs/

Needless

inutile
Meaning
unnecessary; not required; without purpose
Example
The argument was needless and could have been avoided.
L'argument était inutile et aurait pu être évité.