mordant
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C2 adjective /ˈmɔːrdənt/

mordant

mordant, critique ou sarcastique
Meaning
Having a sharp, critical, or biting quality; especially in humor.
Example
Her mordant wit often left her friends speechless.
Son esprit mordant laissait souvent ses amis sans voix.
C2 noun /ˌnɛɡlɪˈʒeɪ/

negligee

peignoir léger en soie
Meaning
A woman's light dressing gown, often made of thin or silky material.
Example
She wore a silk negligee before going to bed.
Elle portait un peignoir en soie avant de se coucher.
C2 verb /kənˈvɑːlv/

convolve

enrouler ou tordre ensemble; enrouler ou entrelacer
Meaning
to roll or twist together; to coil or entwine
Example
The vines convolve around the tree trunk.
Les vignes s'enroulent autour du tronc de l'arbre.
B2 adjective /ʌnfəˈmɪl.jər/

Unfamiliar

inconnu; étrange
Meaning
not known or recognized; strange
Example
The city was unfamiliar to me since I had never been there before.
La ville m'était inconnue car je n'y étais jamais allé avant.
A2 noun /spiːtʃ/

Speech

discours; allocution;
Meaning
formal address or discourse delivered to an audience; the expression of thoughts in spoken words
Example
The president gave an inspiring speech to the nation.
Le président a donné un discours inspirant à la nation.
B2 verb /ˈtʃɛrɪʃ/

cherish

chérir
Meaning
To hold something dear, to love and protect, or to keep a hope or memory alive.
Example
She cherishes the memories of her childhood home.
Elle chérit les souvenirs de sa maison d'enfance.
C1 noun /ˈrep.lɪ.kə/

Replica

réplique
Meaning
an exact copy or model of something, especially one on a smaller scale
Example
The museum displayed a perfect replica of the ancient statue.
Le musée a exposé une réplique parfaite de la statue antique.
C1 verb /ˈʃækəl/

shackle

chaîner
Meaning
to chain or restrain; to restrict someone’s actions or freedom
Example
Outdated regulations shackle small businesses and slow innovation.
Les anciennes régulations enchaînent les petites entreprises et ralentissent l'innovation.
C2 noun ˈsaɪəns ˈdezət

science-desert

désert scientifique
Meaning
A region or area lacking in scientific development, research facilities, or educational institutions.
Example
J.C. Bose thrived in a science-desert.
J.C. Bose a prospéré dans un désert scientifique.
B1 noun /ˈbaɪər/

buyer

acheteur
Meaning
a person who makes a purchase
Example
The buyer inspected the car before making payment.
L'acheteur a inspecté la voiture avant de procéder au paiement.
A2 noun /læmp/

Lamp

lampe
Meaning
a device for giving light, either one using electricity or burning gas or oil
Example
She turned on the reading lamp to illuminate her book.
Elle a allumé la lampe de lecture pour éclairer son livre.
B2 adjective /ˈsoʊlər/

solar

solaire
Meaning
Relating to or determined by the sun
Example
The house is powered by solar energy.
La maison est alimentée par de l'énergie solaire.
C1 noun /ˌɪntɪˈmeɪʃən/

intimation

insinuation
Meaning
A subtle or indirect hint or suggestion.
Example
She gave no intimation of her plans.
Elle n'a donné aucune insinuation de ses projets.
C2 noun /ˈklæpər/

clapper

pièce métallique à l'intérieur d'une cloche qui la frappe pour produire un son
Meaning
The free-swinging metal piece inside a bell that strikes it to produce sound.
Example
The clapper inside the bell was broken.
La pièce métallique à l'intérieur de la cloche était cassée.
A2 noun /sməʊk/

smoke

fumée
Meaning
A visible suspension of carbon or other particles in air, typically one emitted from a burning substance.
Example
Smoke from vehicles worsens air quality.
La fumée des véhicules aggrave la qualité de l'air.
C1 noun /ˈstrɑːtəm/

stratum

strate
Meaning
a layer or level of material, or a social class in society
Example
The upper stratum of society enjoyed privileges not available to others.
La couche supérieure de la société profitait de privilèges non disponibles pour les autres.
A1 adjective /naɪs/

Nice

agréable; joli; satisfaisant; attrayant
Meaning
pleasant; agreeable; satisfactory; good; attractive
Example
She wore a nice dress to the party.
Elle portait une belle robe à la fête.
C1 noun /ˈvaɪəˌleɪtər/

violator

violateur
Meaning
A person who breaks or disregards a law, rule, or agreement.
Example
The police caught the traffic violator at the intersection.
La police a attrapé le violateur du code de la route à l'intersection.
B1 verb /pɔːr/

pour

verser
Meaning
to flow or cause to flow in a steady stream; to rain heavily
Example
Please pour the water into the glass carefully.
S'il vous plaît versez l'eau dans le verre avec soin.
C1 adjective /ˌmɪsəˈleɪniəs/

Miscellaneous

divers; varié; mélangé
Meaning
various; diverse; mixed; assorted
Example
The box contained miscellaneous items from different periods.
La boîte contenait des objets divers de différentes époques.
C2 noun /ˈrɛtɪnjuː/

retinue

suite
Meaning
A group of attendants or followers accompanying an important person.
Example
The king entered the hall followed by his retinue.
Le roi est entré dans la salle suivi de sa suite.
C1 noun /əˈrɪəz/

arrears

arriérés
Meaning
Money that is owed and should have been paid earlier.
Example
She was months in arrears with her electricity bill.
Elle était en retard de plusieurs mois pour sa facture d'électricité.
A2 verb /kəmˈper/

compare

comparer
Meaning
to examine similarities and differences between things
Example
I will compare these two products before buying.
Je vais comparer ces deux produits avant d'acheter.
C1 verb /əˈbriːvieɪt/

abbreviate

abréger
Meaning
To shorten a word, phrase, or text by leaving out letters or parts.
Example
We often abbreviate 'Doctor' to 'Dr'.
Nous abrégons souvent 'Docteur' en 'Dr'.
C2 noun /ˈpɛstɪləns/

pestilence

peste
Meaning
A deadly or virulent epidemic disease that spreads rapidly.
Example
The medieval city was devastated by a pestilence.
La ville médiévale a été dévastée par une peste.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈweɪ.vər.ɪŋ/

unwavering

inébranlable
Meaning
Steady or resolute; not wavering.
Example
He showed unwavering dedication to his goal.
Il a montré un dévouement inébranlable à son objectif.
A2 verb /sɜːrtʃ/

search

chercher
Meaning
to look carefully for someone or something; to examine thoroughly
Example
The police searched the house for evidence.
La police a fouillé la maison à la recherche de preuves.
C1 noun /sɪˈnɒpsɪs/

synopsis

synopsis
Meaning
a brief summary of the main points of a text, film, or research
Example
The publisher asked the author to submit a one-page synopsis of the novel.
L'éditeur a demandé à l'auteur de soumettre une synopsis d'une page du roman.
C2 adjective /ˌsæsərˈdoʊtl/

sacerdotal

sacerdotal
Meaning
Relating to priests or the priesthood.
Example
The ritual had a distinctly sacerdotal character.
Le rituel avait un caractère distinctement sacerdotal.
A1 noun /ˈvɛdʒ.tə.bəl/

vegetable

bonheur
Meaning
a plant or part of a plant used as food
Example
I eat vegetables every day for health.
Elle ne pouvait cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
A2 noun /ˈkæptɪn/

Captain

capitaine
Meaning
a military officer of middle rank; the person in command of a ship or aircraft
Example
The captain ordered his troops to advance forward.
Le capitaine a ordonné à ses troupes d'avancer.
C1 adverb ɪnˈtrɪn.zɪ.kli

intrinsically

intrinsèquement
Meaning
In a way that is naturally or inherently part of something's essential nature.
Example
Some people are intrinsically motivated to learn.
Certaines personnes sont intrinsèquement motivées à apprendre.
B2 noun /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

formation

formation
Meaning
the action of forming or process of being formed
Example
The formation of the new company took several months.
La formation de la nouvelle entreprise a pris plusieurs mois.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkuːθ/

uncouth

grossier
Meaning
Lacking good manners, refinement, or grace; awkward or rough.
Example
His uncouth behavior shocked the guests at the party.
Son comportement grossier a choqué les invités à la fête.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndaɪˈdʒestəbəl/

Indigestible

indigeste; difficile à digérer
Meaning
difficult or impossible to digest; hard to process in the stomach
Example
The old bread became hard and indigestible.
Le vieux pain est devenu dur et indigeste.
B2 noun /ˌoʊ.vɚˈkraʊ.dɪŋ/

overcrowding

surpeuplement excessif
Meaning
Excessive crowd or packed condition, having more people or vehicles in a place than the approved capacity.
Example
The subway system suffers from severe overcrowding during peak hours.
Le système de métro souffre de grave surpeuplement pendant les heures de pointe.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptʃuəs/

contemptuous

méprisant, dédaigneux
Meaning
showing or expressing contempt; scornful
Example
She gave him a contemptuous glance.
Elle lui lança un regard méprisant.
C2 adjective /hɛkˈsæŋɡjələr/

hexangular

hexagonal
Meaning
Having six angles or corners.
Example
The artist designed a hexangular frame for the mirror.
L'artiste a conçu un cadre hexagonal pour le miroir.
C1 adjective /ˈneɪm.ləs/

Nameless

sans nom; anonyme; inconnu; non identifié
Meaning
having no name; anonymous; unknown; unidentified
Example
The nameless fear haunted him throughout the night.
La peur sans nom le hantait toute la nuit.
C2 noun /ˈlɛvi/

levee

levée
Meaning
An embankment built to prevent the overflow of a river or to hold back water.
Example
The town built a levee to protect itself from flooding.
La ville a construit une levée pour se protéger des inondations.
C2 noun /ˈskʌl.i.ən/

scullion

valet de cuisine
Meaning
a servant assigned the most menial kitchen tasks
Example
In medieval times, a scullion was responsible for cleaning pots and pans.
Au Moyen Âge, un scullion était responsable du nettoyage des casseroles et des poêles.
C1 noun /rɪˈpraɪ.zəl/

Reprisal

reprisal
Meaning
an act of retaliation; revenge taken for an injury or wrong
Example
The attack was carried out as a reprisal for the earlier bombing.
L'attaque a été menée en représailles du bombardement précédent.
C1 noun /ˈpriːsɪŋkt/

precinct

arrondissement
Meaning
A district or area within the boundaries of a city, often for police or electoral purposes.
Example
She went to vote at her local precinct.
Elle est allée voter dans son arrondissement local.
C1 noun /ˌrɛfjʊˈteɪʃən/

refutation

réfutation
Meaning
The act of proving a statement or argument to be false or incorrect.
Example
Her essay was a strong refutation of the opposing theory.
Son essai était une forte réfutation de la théorie opposée.
A1 verb /sel/

sell

vendre
Meaning
to give something to someone in exchange for money
Example
They sell fresh fruits at the market.
Ils vendent des fruits frais au marché.
C1 adjective /ˈrɛtroʊˌɡreɪd/

retrograde

rétrograde
Meaning
moving backward or returning to a worse condition
Example
The policy was seen as a retrograde step for human rights.
La politique a été vue comme un pas rétrograde pour les droits de l'homme.
C2 adjective /ˈflʌməksd/

flummoxed

déconcerté
Meaning
Completely confused or bewildered.
Example
He looked flummoxed after hearing the strange question.
Il avait l'air déconcerté après avoir entendu la question étrange.
C2 noun /nɪmf/

Nymph

Nymphe
Meaning
a mythological spirit of nature; a beautiful young woman in classical mythology
Example
The water nymph appeared by the moonlit lake.
La nymphe de l'eau est apparue près du lac illuminé par la lune.
C1 noun /wæks ɡɔːrd/

Wax Gourd

courge cireuse
Meaning
a large white or green gourd with waxy skin, commonly used in Asian cooking
Example
The wax gourd soup is very nutritious and helps with digestion.
La soupe de courge cireuse est très nutritive et aide à la digestion.
C1 adjective /əˈbliːk/

Oblique

oblique; diagonal; indirect ou évasif
Meaning
slanting; diagonal; indirect or evasive
Example
The artist drew an oblique line across the canvas.
L'artiste a tracé une ligne oblique sur la toile.
C2 noun /ˌænθrəpəˈsɛntrɪzəm/

anthropocentrism

anthropocentrisme
Meaning
The belief that human beings are the most important or central element of existence.
Example
Anthropocentrism often shapes environmental policies.
L'anthropocentrisme façonne souvent les politiques environnementales.
A2 verb /əˈtend/

attend

assister
Meaning
to be present at; to give attention to; to take care of
Example
I will attend the conference next week.
Je vais assister à la conférence la semaine prochaine.
B2 noun /fraɪt/

Fright

peur; effroi; frayeur
Meaning
a sudden intense feeling of fear; a shock or surprise that causes fear
Example
The loud thunder gave her such a fright that she dropped her coffee cup.
Le fort tonnerre lui a fait une telle peur qu'elle a renversé sa tasse de café.
C2 adjective /droʊl/

droll

drôle
Meaning
curious or unusual in a way that provokes dry amusement
Example
He had a droll sense of humor that made everyone laugh.
Il avait un sens de l'humour drôle qui faisait rire tout le monde.
C1 verb /əˈbɔːrt/

abort

avorter; annuler
Meaning
to stop a process or action before it is completed; to end a pregnancy deliberately
Example
The pilot decided to abort the mission due to bad weather.
Le pilote a décidé d’avorter la mission à cause du mauvais temps.
B2 verb /kloʊð/

clothe

habiller
Meaning
to put clothes on; to dress; to provide with clothing
Example
She clothed the baby in warm garments.
Elle a habillé le bébé avec des vêtements chauds.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛneɪt/

pennate

en forme de plume
Meaning
Having parts or structures arranged like a feather; feather-shaped.
Example
The fern has a pennate leaf structure.
La structure de la feuille de fougère est en forme de plume.
C1 noun /moʊˈzeɪɪk/

mosaic

mosaïque
Meaning
A picture or pattern produced by arranging together small pieces of stone, tile, or glass.
Example
The church ceiling was decorated with a beautiful mosaic.
Le plafond de l'église était décoré d'une magnifique mosaïque.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈfeər/

Unfair

injuste; déloyal;
Meaning
not right or just; treating people in a way that favors some over others
Example
It's unfair to blame her for something she didn't do.
C'est injuste de la blâmer pour quelque chose qu'elle n'a pas fait.
B1 noun /pɑrˈtɪs.ə.pənt/

Participant

participant
Meaning
a person who takes part in something; someone who participates in an activity or event
Example
Every participant in the marathon received a medal.
Chaque participant au marathon a reçu une médaille.
C1 adjective ˈæl.ɡə.rɪ.ðəm drɪv.ən

algorithm-driven

piloté par algorithmes.
Meaning
Controlled or powered by computer algorithms.
Example
Algorithm-driven systems increase accuracy.
Les systèmes pilotés par des algorithmes augmentent la précision.
C1 adjective ˌɡæs.troʊ.ɪnˈtes.tɪ.nəl

gastrointestinal

gastro-intestinal
Meaning
Relating to the stomach and intestines.
Example
Spicy food can cause gastrointestinal issues.
Les aliments épicés peuvent provoquer des problèmes gastro-intestinaux.
A2 adjective /pliːzd/

pleased

content
Meaning
feeling happy or satisfied with something
Example
She was pleased with her exam results.
Elle était contente des résultats de son examen.
C2 noun /lɔːŋ ˈpepər/

Long pepper

poivre long
Meaning
a flowering vine in the family Piperaceae, cultivated for its fruit which is used as a spice
Example
Long pepper was more valuable than black pepper in ancient times.
Le poivre long était plus précieux que le poivre noir dans les temps anciens.
C1 noun /ˈhaɪdəweɪ/

hideaway

refuge
Meaning
A place used as a retreat or a place to hide.
Example
The cabin in the woods was their secret hideaway.
Le chalet dans les bois était leur cachette secrète.
C1 noun /ˈsɜːrmən/

sermon

sermon
Meaning
A religious discourse delivered by a preacher, often offering moral instruction or spiritual guidance.
Example
The pastor gave a moving sermon about compassion and forgiveness.
Le pasteur a donné un sermon émouvant sur la compassion et le pardon.
C1 noun ˌsteɪbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən

stabilization

stabilisation
Meaning
The process of making or becoming stable.
Example
The stabilization of the structure was essential after the earthquake.
La stabilisation de la structure était essentielle après le tremblement de terre.
B2 noun /ˈbriː.ðɪŋ tɛkˌniːks/

breathing techniques

techniques de respiration
Meaning
Methods of controlling breathing to achieve relaxation and improve health.
Example
Breathing techniques help in reducing stress and anxiety.
Les techniques de respiration aident à réduire le stress et l'anxiété.
A2 noun /mjuˈziːəm/

museum

musée
Meaning
a building in which objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural interest are stored and exhibited
Example
We visited the art museum to see the new exhibition.
Nous avons visité le musée d'art pour voir la nouvelle exposition.
C1 noun /ˈʃæpəroʊn/

chaperon

accompagnateur
Meaning
An older person who accompanies and supervises young people in social situations.
Example
The teacher acted as a chaperon during the school dance.
L'enseignant a agi en tant qu'accompagnateur pendant le bal scolaire.
A1 verb /rʌn/

run

courir
Meaning
to move quickly on foot; to operate or function
Example
I run every morning for exercise.
Je cours tous les matins pour faire de l'exercice.
C1 noun /rɪˈpɛərə/

repairer

réparateur
Meaning
a person whose job is to fix damaged or broken things
Example
The repairer fixed the broken washing machine quickly.
Le réparateur a réparé la machine à laver cassée rapidement.
C1 adjective ʌnˈmætʃt

unmatched

incomparable
Meaning
Not equaled or rivaled by any other; without equal.
Example
The freedom fighters showed unmatched bravery.
Les combattants de la liberté ont montré un courage incomparable.
B1 noun səˈplaɪ

supply

approvisionnement. fourniture.
Meaning
A stock or amount of something supplied or available for use.
Example
Supply chains ensure resource availability.
Les chaînes d'approvisionnement garantissent la disponibilité des ressources.
C1 noun /ɪˌlæbəˈreɪʃən/

elaboration

élargissement / explication détaillée
Meaning
the process of adding more detail or expanding on something
Example
The teacher appreciated the student's elaboration of the topic.
Le professeur a apprécié l'élaboration du sujet par l'étudiant.
B1 verb /əˈrɛst/

arrest

arrêter
Meaning
to catch and hold by legal authority; to stop suddenly
Example
The police will arrest the suspect tomorrow.
La police arrêtera le suspect demain.
C1 noun /ˈdɪs.ə.nəns/

dissonance

dissonance
Meaning
Disagreement, lack of harmony, conflict between ideas or beliefs.
Example
The cultural dissonance created misunderstandings.
La dissonance culturelle a créé des malentendus.
B1 noun /ˈkwɔː.tər/

Quarter

quart
Meaning
one of four equal parts of something; a period of three months
Example
The company reported strong profits in the first quarter of the year.
L'entreprise a rapporté de solides bénéfices au premier trimestre de l'année.
B2 noun kəˈmɒd.ə.ti

commodity

marchandise
Meaning
A raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold.
Example
Oil is a valuable commodity in the global market.
Le pétrole est une marchandise précieuse sur le marché mondial.
B2 verb /plʌndʒ/

plunge

plonger rapidement; tomber brusquement
Meaning
to jump or dive quickly; to fall sharply
Example
She plunged into the swimming pool.
Elle a plongé dans la piscine.
B2 adjective /dɪˈstrʌktɪv/

Destructive

destructeur
Meaning
causing damage; harmful
Example
The hurricane was highly destructive to coastal areas.
L'ouragan a été très destructeur pour les zones côtières.
A2 adjective /ˈloʊn.li/

Lonely

solitaire; isolée
Meaning
solitary; isolated; without companions
Example
She felt lonely after moving to a new city.
Elle se sentait seule après avoir déménagé dans une nouvelle ville.
C1 adjective /ˌsaɪkəˈpæθɪk/

psychopathic

psychopathe
Meaning
Relating to or affected by psychopathy; showing chronic mental disorder with abnormal or violent behavior.
Example
The film portrayed a psychopathic killer with no sense of empathy.
Le film dépeignait un tueur psychopathe sans aucune empathie.
B1 verb /rɪˈvjuː/

review

réviser
Meaning
to examine or assess something again; to write a critical evaluation
Example
I need to review my notes before the exam.
J'ai besoin de revoir mes notes avant l'examen.
B1 noun /ˈkɒntɪnənt/

continent

continent
Meaning
one of the large landmasses on Earth such as Asia, Africa, or Europe
Example
Asia is the largest continent in the world.
L'Asie est le plus grand continent du monde.
C2 noun /ˌɪnkrʌˈsteɪʃən/

incrustation

croûte
Meaning
a crust or hard coating formed on the surface of something
Example
The old pipes were blocked due to heavy incrustation of minerals.
Les vieilles tuyauteries étaient bloquées en raison d'une incrustation importante de minéraux.
C1 verb /loʊð/

loathe

détester
Meaning
to feel intense dislike or disgust for
Example
He absolutely loathes being late to meetings.
Il déteste être en retard aux réunions.
C2 adjective /ˈɒfɪʃ/

offish

distant
Meaning
Unfriendly, distant, or reserved in manner.
Example
He seemed offish at the party and avoided most conversations.
Il semblait distant à la fête et évitait la plupart des conversations.
B1 adjective /ɪˈmiːdiət/

immediate

immédiat
Meaning
happening or done without delay
Example
The doctor gave her immediate attention.
Le médecin lui a donné une attention immédiate.
C1 verb /wɑːft/

waft

flotter dans l'air
Meaning
to move gently through the air, carried by a breeze
Example
The smell of fresh bread wafted through the kitchen.
L'odeur du pain frais flottait dans la cuisine.
C1 verb /broʊtʃ/

broach

aborder
Meaning
to bring up a subject for discussion
Example
She decided to broach the topic of salary with her manager.
Elle a décidé d'aborder le sujet du salaire avec son responsable.
C1 noun /ˌɪntərˈdʒɛkʃən/

interjection

interjection
Meaning
a word or phrase used to express sudden emotion or reaction, often standing alone
Example
Words like 'wow' and 'ouch' are common interjections in English.
Des mots comme 'wow' et 'aïe' sont des interjections courantes en anglais.
C2 noun /ˌvælɪˈdɪkʃən/

valediction

discours d'adieu
Meaning
The act of saying farewell; a formal goodbye.
Example
The professor gave a touching valediction at his retirement ceremony.
Le professeur a prononcé un discours émouvant d'adieu lors de sa cérémonie de retraite.
C2 noun /ˌsuːpərɪnˈtɛndəns/

superintendence

supervision
Meaning
the act of overseeing, supervising, or managing
Example
The superintendence of the school is the principal’s duty.
La supervision de l'école est le devoir du principal.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnˈekspɜːrt/

inexpert

inexpérimenté
Meaning
not skilled or experienced; lacking expertise
Example
The inexpert handling of the machine caused several mistakes.
La manipulation inexpérimentée de la machine a causé plusieurs erreurs.
B2 noun /stɑːr fɪʃ/

Star fish

étoile de mer
Meaning
a marine echinoderm with five or more radiating arms, typically found on the sea floor
Example
The starfish slowly moved across the ocean floor searching for food.
L’étoile de mer se déplaçait lentement sur le fond de l’océan à la recherche de nourriture.
A2 verb /rɪˈdjuːs/

reduce

réduire
Meaning
to make smaller in size, amount, or degree; to decrease
Example
We need to reduce our expenses this month.
Nous devons réduire nos dépenses ce mois-ci.
C1 verb /wɛt/

whet

aiguiser/éveiller
Meaning
To sharpen the blade of a tool or to stimulate interest or appetite.
Example
The smell of food whetted my appetite.
L'odeur de la nourriture a réveillé mon appétit.
A2 noun /tuːθ/

Tooth

dent
Meaning
a hard white structure in the mouth used for biting and chewing food
Example
She brushes her teeth twice a day.
Elle se brosse les dents deux fois par jour.
A2 verb /ˈriːəlaɪz/

realize

réaliser
Meaning
to become aware of; to understand clearly; to achieve or make real
Example
I didn't realize how late it was until I checked the clock.
Je n’ai pas réalisé à quel point il était tard avant de regarder l’horloge.
C1 adjective /dɪˈfaɪənt/

Defiant

défiant; rebelle
Meaning
boldly resistant or challenging; disobedient
Example
The defiant student refused to follow the rules.
L'étudiant défiant a refusé de suivre les règles.
C1 noun /ˈnɒs.trɪl/

Nostril

narine
Meaning
either of the two openings in the nose through which air passes
Example
The doctor checked each nostril for any blockage.
Le médecin a vérifié chaque narine à la recherche de toute obstruction.
C2 adjective /ˌmæləˈdrɔɪt/

maladroit

maladroit
Meaning
clumsy or awkward in movement or behavior
Example
His maladroit attempt at fixing the chair made it worse.
Sa tentative maladroite de réparer la chaise l'a empirée.
A1 verb /wɪʃ/

wish

souhaiter
Meaning
to want something to happen; to desire or hope for
Example
I wish I could fly like a bird.
Je souhaite pouvoir voler comme un oiseau.
C2 noun /ˈfuːləri/

foolery

folie
Meaning
Silly or foolish behavior or actions.
Example
His constant foolery made the meeting hard to take seriously.
Sa constante folie a rendu la réunion difficile à prendre au sérieux.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈdɛsənt/

iridescent

iridescent
Meaning
showing luminous colors that seem to change when seen from different angles
Example
She wore an iridescent dress that sparkled in the light.
Elle portait une robe iridescente qui scintillait à la lumière.
C2 verb /dʒɛˈstɪkjʊleɪt/

gesticulate

gesticuler
Meaning
to use gestures, especially dramatic ones, instead of speaking or to emphasize one's words
Example
He gesticulated wildly to get their attention.
Il gesticulait sauvagement pour attirer leur attention.
C2 adjective /bjuːˈkɒlɪk/

bucolic

bucolique
Meaning
Relating to the pleasant aspects of the countryside and country life.
Example
They enjoyed a bucolic picnic by the river.
Ils ont apprécié un pique-nique bucolique au bord de la rivière.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈtjuːpərəbl̩/

vituperable

méprisable
Meaning
Deserving of blame, censure, or harsh criticism.
Example
His reckless actions made him vituperable in the eyes of his colleagues.
Ses actions imprudentes l'ont rendu méprisable aux yeux de ses collègues.
C2 verb /ˈbændi/

bandy

échanger
Meaning
To pass (words, ideas, or gossip) back and forth in a casual or argumentative way.
Example
They bandied jokes across the table.
Ils échangeaient des blagues à travers la table.
C2 noun /ˈeɪʒən siː bæs/

Asian sea bass

bar asiatique
Meaning
a large predatory fish found in coastal waters and estuaries of the Indo-Pacific region, prized for its white meat
Example
Asian sea bass is highly valued in aquaculture for its fast growth.
Le bar asiatique est très apprécié en aquaculture pour sa croissance rapide.
B2 noun ˌkɒm.prɪˈhɛn.ʃən

comprehension

compréhension
Meaning
The ability to understand something; understanding or grasp of knowledge.
Example
Reading improves vocabulary and comprehension skills.
La lecture améliore le vocabulaire et les compétences de compréhension.
C2 noun /doʊˈniː/

donee

bénéficiaire
Meaning
A person who receives a gift or donation.
Example
The scholarship fund’s donee expressed heartfelt gratitude.
Le bénéficiaire du fonds de bourses a exprimé une sincère gratitude.
C1 noun /ʌnˈfeɪθfʊlnəs/

unfaithfulness

infidélité
Meaning
the quality of being disloyal or not faithful; breach of trust or fidelity
Example
His unfaithfulness led to the end of their marriage.
Son infidélité a conduit à la fin de leur mariage.
C1 noun /ˈmɒk.ər.i/

Mockery

moquerie; raillerie;
Meaning
teasing and contemptuous language or behavior; ridicule
Example
His speech was met with mockery from the audience.
Son discours a été accueilli par des moqueries de l'audience.
B1 preposition /ˈvaɪə/ or /ˈviːə/

via

par le biais de
Meaning
through, by way of, or using a particular route or means
Example
She sent the documents via email.
Elle a envoyé les documents par le biais de l'email.
C1 verb /ˈkəʊ.dɪ.faɪ/

codify

codifier
Meaning
to arrange laws, rules, or ideas into a clear and systematic code
Example
The committee worked to codify the existing laws.
Le comité a travaillé pour codifier les lois existantes.
B2 noun /ˈkɒləni/

colony

colonie
Meaning
a territory or community controlled by another country or group of people
Example
India was once a British colony.
L'Inde était autrefois une colonie britannique.
B2 noun /ˈdjuːəʊ/

duo

duo
Meaning
a pair of people or things, especially in music or entertainment
Example
The musical duo performed their latest hit at the concert.
Le duo musical a interprété son dernier succès lors du concert.
B2 verb /ˈprɒspər/

prosper

prospérer
Meaning
to succeed or flourish, especially in financial or business matters
Example
With hard work and determination, she managed to prosper in her career.
Avec du travail acharné et de la détermination, elle a réussi à prospérer dans sa carrière.
B2 noun /həˈraɪ.zənz/

horizons

horizons
Meaning
The limit of a person's mental perception, experience, or interest.
Example
The telescope opens new horizons for astronomy.
Le télescope ouvre de nouveaux horizons pour l'astronomie.