increasingly
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B1 adverb /ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli/

increasingly

de plus en plus
Meaning
more and more over time
Example
People are increasingly concerned about climate change.
Les gens sont de plus en plus préoccupés par le changement climatique.
B2 noun /pərˈsɪstəns/

persistence

persistance
Meaning
the quality of continuing steadily despite problems or difficulties
Example
His persistence finally paid off when he got the job.
Sa persistance a finalement payé lorsqu'il a obtenu le travail.
B1 adjective /faɪˈnænʃəl/

financial

financier
Meaning
relating to money, banking, or finance
Example
He made a sound financial decision by investing wisely.
Il a pris une décision financière avisée en investissant judicieusement.
C2 verb /ˈtʃeɪ.sən/

chasten

châtier / soumettre
Meaning
to correct or discipline; to humble or subdue
Example
The coach chastened the team after their poor performance.
L'entraîneur a châtié l'équipe après leur mauvaise performance.
A2 noun /ɪkˈspɪə.ri.əns/

Experience

expérience
Meaning
practical contact with and observation of facts or events; knowledge gained through involvement
Example
Her years of teaching experience made her an excellent mentor for new teachers.
Ses années d'expérience en enseignement en ont fait une excellente mentore pour les nouveaux enseignants.
A2 noun /spiːd/

Speed

vitesse; rapidité
Meaning
the rate at which someone or something moves or operates
Example
The car reached a speed of 100 miles per hour.
La voiture a atteint une vitesse de 100 miles par heure.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɛndɪŋ/

impending

imminent
Meaning
about to happen soon, usually something unpleasant or threatening
Example
The villagers were worried about the impending flood.
Les villageois étaient inquiets de l'inondation imminente.
C1 noun /huːf/

Hoof

fer
Meaning
the hard part covering the foot of horses, cattle, sheep, and other animals
Example
The horse's hoof was injured after stepping on a sharp rock.
Le fer du cheval a été blessé après avoir marché sur une roche tranchante.
C1 verb /ɪmˈboʊl.dən/

embolden

encourager
Meaning
To give someone the courage or confidence to do something.
Example
The coach's words emboldened the team to play aggressively.
Les paroles de l'entraîneur ont encouragé l'équipe à jouer de manière agressive.
C2 noun /ˌpɒlɪˈhiːdrən/

polyhedron

solide à faces polygonales planes
Meaning
a solid object with flat polygonal faces, straight edges, and vertices
Example
The mathematician studied a complex polyhedron model.
Le mathématicien a étudié un modèle complexe de polyèdre.
C2 noun /boʊ/

beau

amant
Meaning
a male admirer or boyfriend; a fashionable young man
Example
She arrived at the party with her beau.
Elle est arrivée à la fête avec son amant.
B1 noun /ˈkɑn.fɪ.dəns/

Confidence

confiance
Meaning
the feeling or belief that one can rely on someone or something; firm trust; self-assurance
Example
She spoke with great confidence during the job interview.
Elle a parlé avec une grande confiance pendant l'entretien d'embauche.
A2 noun /mæθ/

math

mathématiques
Meaning
The study of numbers, quantities, and shapes, also called mathematics.
Example
She is very good at math.
Elle est très bonne en mathématiques.
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

froisser
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
Il a froissé le papier et l'a jeté dans la poubelle.
B2 adjective /ˈrɪski/

risky

risqué
Meaning
Involving the possibility of danger, harm, or loss
Example
Investing in that startup is risky but could bring high rewards.
Investir dans cette start-up est risqué, mais cela pourrait rapporter de hauts rendements.
C1 verb /ˈdʒɜːrmɪneɪt/

germinate

bonheur
Meaning
To begin to grow or develop, especially referring to a seed.
Example
The seeds germinate quickly in moist soil.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 noun /ˌsɜːrkəmləˈkjuːʃn/

circumlocution

circonlocution
Meaning
the use of many words when fewer would do, especially to avoid stating something directly
Example
The politician's speech was filled with circumlocution.
Le discours du politicien était rempli de circonlocutions.
B2 noun /ˈækni/

acne

acné
Meaning
a skin condition in which pores become inflamed and clogged, causing pimples and spots
Example
Regular cleansing and a balanced diet can help reduce acne.
Un nettoyage régulier et une alimentation équilibrée peuvent aider à réduire l'acné.
B2 noun /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si/

Literacy

alphabétisation
Meaning
the ability to read and write; competence or knowledge in a specified area
Example
Adult literacy programs help people learn to read.
Les programmes d'alphabétisation pour adultes aident les gens à apprendre à lire.
A2 adjective /breɪv/

brave

courageux
Meaning
showing courage in the face of danger or difficulty
Example
The brave firefighter rushed into the burning building.
Le courageux pompier a couru dans le bâtiment en feu.
C1 verb /ˈfæbrɪkeɪt/

fabricate

fabriquer
Meaning
to invent or concoct something, often with the intent to deceive; or to construct or manufacture
Example
The witness fabricated his testimony to protect himself.
Le témoin a fabriqué son témoignage pour se protéger.
C2 adjective /bɪˈfʌdld/

befuddled

dérouté
Meaning
confused, unable to think clearly
Example
He looked befuddled after hearing the complex instructions.
Il avait l'air dérouté après avoir entendu les instructions complexes.
B1 adverb /ˌhæfˈweɪ/

halfway

à mi-chemin
Meaning
at or to a point equal in distance between two points
Example
We met halfway between the two towns.
Nous nous sommes rencontrés à mi-chemin entre les deux villes.
C1 adjective /ˈboʊɡəs/

bogus

faux
Meaning
false, fake, or not genuine
Example
The police arrested him for using a bogus ID card.
La police l'a arrêté pour avoir utilisé une fausse carte d'identité.
C1 noun, verb /kriːs/

crease

pli, ride
Meaning
a line or fold produced on paper, cloth, or other material; to make a fold or wrinkle
Example
She ironed the shirt carefully to remove every crease.
Elle a repassé la chemise soigneusement pour enlever chaque pli.
C1 verb /rɪˈtɔːrt/

retort

réplique
Meaning
To reply quickly or sharply, often in a witty or angry manner.
Example
He quickly retorted that he was not to blame.
Il a rapidement répondu qu'il n'était pas à blâmer.
B2 verb /ˈspɛkjʊˌleɪt/

speculate

spéculer / investir
Meaning
To form a theory or guess without firm evidence; to invest in stocks, property, etc. hoping for profit.
Example
Experts speculate that the company may expand into new markets.
Les experts spéculent que l'entreprise pourrait s'étendre sur de nouveaux marchés.
A2 noun/verb /sɛns/

sense

sens
Meaning
A faculty by which the body perceives external stimuli; or to perceive something without being told.
Example
She had a strong sense of responsibility.
Elle avait un fort sens des responsabilités.
B1 noun kəˈmjuːnɪti ˈprəʊɡræmz

Community Programs

programmes communautaires
Meaning
Organized activities involving local groups to promote environmental conservation.
Example
Community programs raise awareness about butterfly conservation.
Les programmes communautaires sensibilisent à la conservation des papillons.
C1 adjective ɪˈneɪt

Innate

inné ou naturel
Meaning
Existing from birth or natural
Example
She has an innate talent for music.
Elle a un talent inné pour la musique.
C2 noun ˌkɒmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən

computational communication

communication computationnelle
Meaning
Digital exchange and automated interaction; the use of computational methods and systems to facilitate communication and information sharing.
Example
Computational communication is reshaping how we share information.
La communication computationnelle redéfinit la manière dont nous partageons les informations.
A2 noun ˈneɪ.tʃər

nature

nature. caractère.
Meaning
The basic or inherent features of something, especially when seen as characteristic of it.
Example
The calm nature of the environment helps healing.
La nature calme de l'environnement aide à la guérison.
C2 noun /pɜːr bɔɪld raɪs/

Per boiled rice

riz précuit
Meaning
Rice that has been partially boiled in the husk before milling; parboiled rice
Example
Per boiled rice retains more nutrients than regular white rice.
Le riz précuit conserve plus de nutriments que le riz blanc ordinaire.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈsʌlid/

unsullied

immaculé
Meaning
not spoiled or made impure; perfectly clean or pure
Example
His reputation remained unsullied despite the accusations.
Sa réputation est restée immaculée malgré les accusations.
C1 noun /ˈkætərækt/

cataract

cataracte / chute d'eau
Meaning
A medical condition causing clouding of the eye's lens; also a large waterfall.
Example
The old man suffered from cataracts in both eyes.
L'homme âgé souffrait de cataractes aux deux yeux.
C2 noun /ˈsʌplɪkənt/

supplicant

suppliant
Meaning
A person who humbly or earnestly asks for something, usually from a person of authority.
Example
The temple was filled with supplicants seeking blessings.
Le temple était rempli de suppliants cherchant des bénédictions.
B2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsɪŋ/

promising

prometteur
Meaning
showing signs of future success or potential
Example
She is a promising young scientist with great ideas.
Elle est une jeune scientifique prometteuse avec de grandes idées.
B2 noun ɪˈlɪtərəsi

illiteracy

illettrisme
Meaning
The inability to read and write; lack of education or knowledge in a particular area.
Example
Illiteracy often leads to poverty and unemployment.
L'illettrisme conduit souvent à la pauvreté et au chômage.
B2 noun ˈbentʃ.mɑːk

benchmark

référence
Meaning
A standard or point of reference against which things may be compared or assessed.
Example
Sabah Al Ahmad Sea City sets a benchmark in sustainability.
La ville Sabah Al Ahmad Sea City établit une référence en matière de durabilité.
C1 noun /ˈstjuːpər/

stupor

stupéfaction
Meaning
a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility
Example
He remained in a stupor after hearing the shocking news.
Il est resté dans un état de stupéfaction après avoir entendu la nouvelle choquante.
C1 adjective /ˌaʊt ən ˈaʊt/

out-and-out

complet
Meaning
complete; absolute; used to emphasize something extreme
Example
The speech was an out-and-out lie.
Le discours était un mensonge complet.
C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

désensibiliser
Meaning
To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.
Example
Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.
Une exposition constante à la violence peut désensibiliser les gens.
C1 noun /ˈlaɪm.laɪt/

Limelight

le centre de l'attention publique; une lumière brillante produite en chauffant un cylindre de chaux
Meaning
the focus of public attention; a bright light produced by heating a cylinder of lime
Example
The celebrity enjoyed being in the limelight.
La célébrité a adoré être sous les projecteurs.
B2 noun /ˌtɜːrmɪˈneɪʃən/

termination

résiliation
Meaning
the act of ending something or the state of being ended
Example
The termination of the contract caused financial loss.
La résiliation du contrat a causé une perte financière.
C1 adjective /səbˈsɪd.i.ər.i/

Subsidiary

filiale; secondaire; relatif à une entreprise filiale
Meaning
less important than the main thing; secondary; of or relating to a subsidiary company
Example
The subsidiary company handles all overseas operations.
L'entreprise filiale gère toutes les opérations à l'étranger.
B2 verb /ˌriːəˈreɪndʒ/

rearrange

réarranger
Meaning
to change the order or position of something
Example
She decided to rearrange the furniture in her living room.
Elle a décidé de réarranger les meubles dans son salon.
C2 adjective /ˈdɪstəl/

distal

distal
Meaning
situated away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment
Example
The doctor examined the distal end of the patient’s arm.
Le médecin a examiné l'extrémité distale du bras du patient.
C2 noun /ˈskɪz.əm/ or /ˈsɪz.əm/

schism

bonheur
Meaning
A division or split between strongly opposed parties, often in religion or organizations.
Example
The schism in the church led to the formation of two separate groups.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun ˈbaɪ.əʊˌfjuː.əl

biofuel

biocarburant
Meaning
A fuel derived immediately from living matter, as opposed to fossil fuels derived from long-dead biological matter.
Example
Biofuels reduce dependence on conventional energy sources.
Les biocarburants réduisent la dépendance aux sources d'énergie conventionnelles.
C1 verb /əˈsæsɪneɪt/

assassinate

assassiner
Meaning
To murder someone important, often a political or religious leader, usually by surprise attack.
Example
The rebels planned to assassinate the king.
Les rebelles ont planifié d'assassiner le roi.
A1 noun /lʌntʃ/

Lunch

déjeuner
Meaning
a meal eaten in the middle of the day, typically one that is lighter or less formal than an evening meal
Example
We had lunch at a nice restaurant downtown.
Nous avons déjeuné dans un bon restaurant en ville.
C1 adjective ˈdɪs.pər.ət

disparate

disparate
Meaning
containing elements very different from one another.
Example
Their opinions were disparate, leading to debates.
Leurs opinions étaient disparates, ce qui a conduit à des débats.
A2 verb /bɜːrn/

burn

brûler
Meaning
to be on fire; to damage with fire or heat
Example
The candle will burn for several hours.
La bougie brûlera pendant plusieurs heures.
B2 noun /ˈdel.ɪ.ɡət/

Delegate

délégué
Meaning
a person chosen or elected to act for or represent others; representative
Example
Each country sent a delegate to participate in the international conference.
Chaque pays a envoyé un délégué pour participer à la conférence internationale.
C2 adjective /ˈluːpi/

loopy

fou
Meaning
crazy, silly, or eccentric
Example
After working all night, he felt a little loopy.
Après avoir travaillé toute la nuit, il se sentait un peu fou.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɛl/

dispel

dissiper
Meaning
to make a doubt, feeling, or belief disappear
Example
The teacher's explanation dispelled the students' confusion.
L'explication de l'enseignant a dissipé la confusion des élèves.
C2 noun /ˈfoʊ.li.oʊ/

folio

grand livre ou manuscrit
Meaning
A sheet of paper folded once to form two leaves (four pages) of a book; also a term for a large book or manuscript.
Example
The library houses an ancient Shakespeare folio.
La bibliothèque abrite un ancien folio de Shakespeare.
C2 adjective /ˌæk.rɪˈmoʊ.ni.əs/

acrimonious

amer et en colère
Meaning
Bitter and angry, often involving harsh words.
Example
The debate turned acrimonious after the controversial remark.
Le débat est devenu acrimonieux après le commentaire controversé.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnskrɪpt/

conscript

forcé quelqu'un à rejoindre l'armée
Meaning
to force someone into military service
Example
The government conscripted young men during the war.
Le gouvernement a conscrit des jeunes hommes pendant la guerre.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈnætʃərəl/

Unnatural

non naturel
Meaning
not existing in nature; artificial; forced
Example
The actor's smile looked unnatural and forced.
Le sourire de l’acteur semblait non naturel et forcé.
A2 noun /ɡreɪps/

Grapes

raisins
Meaning
small round fruits that grow in clusters on vines; used to make wine
Example
She bought a bunch of grapes from the market.
Elle a acheté une grappe de raisins au marché.
C1 noun /ˈdɛljuːdʒ/

deluge

inondation
Meaning
A severe flood; an overwhelming quantity of something.
Example
The town was hit by a deluge of rain in just a few hours.
La ville a été frappée par un déluge de pluie en quelques heures seulement.
C1 noun ˈsɛlfləsnɪs

selflessness

altruisme
Meaning
The quality of being concerned more with the needs of others than with one's own.
Example
Selflessness is a key value for community building.
L'altruisme est une valeur clé pour la construction de la communauté.
C2 noun /kəˈræf/

carafe

carafe en verre
Meaning
a glass container without handles used for serving drinks like water or wine
Example
The waiter brought a carafe of water to the table.
Le serveur a apporté une carafe d'eau à la table.
C1 verb /diːm/

deem

considérer, juger
Meaning
to regard or consider in a specified way
Example
The project was deemed a success by the board.
Le projet a été jugé un succès par le conseil.
B2 noun /ˈnek.taɪ/

Necktie

cravate
Meaning
a strip of cloth worn around the neck under a shirt collar and tied in front
Example
He adjusted his necktie before the important meeting.
Il a ajusté sa cravate avant la réunion importante.
A2 noun; gerund /ˈwɒʃɪŋ/

washing

lavage
Meaning
the act of cleaning with water or other liquid; clothes or items that are being washed
Example
Washing clothes regularly helps maintain hygiene.
Le lavage régulier des vêtements aide à maintenir l'hygiène.
C2 verb /əˈniːl/

anneal

durcir par la chaleur
Meaning
To heat and cool metal or glass to make it stronger or less brittle.
Example
The blacksmith annealed the steel to improve its durability.
Le forgeron a anilé l'acier pour améliorer sa durabilité.
B2 adjective /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənt/

inconsistent

incohérent
Meaning
Not staying the same throughout; lacking harmony or regularity.
Example
His answers were inconsistent and confusing.
Ses réponses étaient incohérentes et confuses.
C2 noun/verb /ˈkætˌkɔːl/

catcall

sifflements ou cris de désapprobation ou de harcèlement sexuel
Meaning
A loud whistle or shout of disapproval or sexual harassment directed at someone.
Example
The actress ignored the catcalls from the crowd.
L'actrice a ignoré les catcalls de la foule.
A2 noun /siːd/

seed

graine
Meaning
the small, hard part of a plant from which a new plant can grow
Example
I planted a seed in the garden.
J'ai planté une graine dans le jardin.
B2 noun /ˈtʃeɪmbər/

chamber

chambre
Meaning
a large room used for formal or public events, or a private room.
Example
The king held meetings in his private chamber.
Le roi tenait des réunions dans sa chambre privée.
C2 noun /ˈʃɛvrən/

chevron

symbole en forme de V
Meaning
A V-shaped pattern, often used in military insignia or design.
Example
The sergeant’s uniform displayed three chevrons on the sleeve.
L'uniforme du sergent affichait trois chevrons sur la manche.
C1 verb /ˈstrætɪfaɪ/

stratify

stratifier
Meaning
to arrange or divide into layers, classes, or categories
Example
The researchers plan to stratify the data based on age groups.
Les chercheurs prévoient de stratifier les données en fonction des groupes d'âge.
B1 noun ˈkeɪ.bəl

cable

câble
Meaning
A thick rope of wire or nonmetallic fiber, typically used for construction, mooring ships, or transmitting electricity or telecommunication signals.
Example
The cable connects countries across continents.
Le câble connecte les pays à travers les continents.
C2 adjective /ˈdjuːtiəbl/

dutiable

sujet à des droits de douane
Meaning
subject to customs duty or tax
Example
Imported electronics are often dutiable at the border.
Les électroniques importés sont souvent soumis à des droits de douane à la frontière.
A2 preposition /bɪˈsaɪd/

beside

à côté de
Meaning
next to or at the side of someone or something
Example
She sat beside her best friend during the ceremony.
Elle s'est assise à côté de sa meilleure amie pendant la cérémonie.
C1 verb /dɪˈfrɔːd/

defraud

frauder
Meaning
to illegally take money or valuables from someone by deception
Example
The company was accused of trying to defraud investors.
L'entreprise a été accusée d'avoir tenté de frauder les investisseurs.
C1 adjective /ˌmel.ənˈkɒl.ɪk/

Melancholic

triste et pensif; exprimant ou ressentant de la tristesse
Meaning
sad and thoughtful; feeling or expressing sadness
Example
The melancholic music made everyone feel sad.
La musique mélancolique a fait sentir tout le monde triste.
B1 noun/verb /ˈfaɪtɪŋ/

fighting

combat
Meaning
the act of engaging in a physical or verbal conflict
Example
The soldiers were fighting bravely on the battlefield.
Les soldats se battaient courageusement sur le champ de bataille.
B1 noun /ˈmɛθ.əd/

Method

méthode
Meaning
A particular way of doing something, especially a systematic or established procedure
Example
She developed a new method for solving mathematical problems.
Elle a développé une nouvelle méthode pour résoudre les problèmes mathématiques.
B2 verb /ˈbjuːtɪfaɪ/

beautify

embellir
Meaning
to make something more beautiful or attractive
Example
The city plans to beautify the old park with trees and lights.
La ville prévoit d’embellir l’ancien parc avec des arbres et des lumières.
B1 adjective /ʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/

Unemployed

chômeur
Meaning
without a job; not having paid work
Example
He has been unemployed for six months now.
Il est au chômage depuis six mois.
C1 noun /ˈɪnstɪˌɡeɪtər/

instigator

instigateur
Meaning
A person who brings about or initiates something, usually something bad.
Example
The police identified him as the instigator of the violence.
La police l'a identifié comme l'instigateur de la violence.
A1 noun /ˈbɜːrθ.deɪ/

birthday

anniversaire
Meaning
the anniversary of the day on which a person was born, typically celebrated annually
Example
We are planning a surprise birthday party for her.
Nous préparons une fête d'anniversaire surprise pour elle.
C2 noun /ˈtrɛsəl/

trestle

étrier
Meaning
a frame or support consisting of a horizontal beam held up by two pairs of sloping legs, used especially for supporting a bridge or table
Example
The workers built a wooden trestle to support the temporary bridge.
Les travailleurs ont construit un tréteau en bois pour soutenir le pont temporaire.
B1 verb /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/

examine

bonheur
Meaning
to look at something carefully in order to understand it
Example
The doctor will examine the patient tomorrow.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 adjective /ˌsæŋktɪˈmoʊniəs/

sanctimonious

moraliste et hypocrite
Meaning
Making a show of being morally superior to others; hypocritically pious.
Example
He gave a sanctimonious speech about honesty while he himself was corrupt.
Il a fait un discours moraliste sur l'honnêteté alors qu'il était lui-même corrompu.
C2 noun /rɪˈsɪdɪvɪst/

recidivist

récidiviste
Meaning
A person who repeatedly commits crimes, especially after having been punished.
Example
The police identified him as a recidivist who had been arrested several times before.
La police l'a identifié comme un récidiviste qui avait été arrêté plusieurs fois auparavant.
C1 adjective /pɑːrtʃt/

parched

extrêmement assoiffé
Meaning
extremely dry, especially because of heat or thirst
Example
After walking in the desert, he was parched with thirst.
Après avoir marché dans le désert, il était extrêmement assoiffé.
C1 noun /ɡæsˈtrɒnəmi/

gastronomy

gastronomie
Meaning
The art or science of good eating and fine cuisine.
Example
Paris is famous for its rich tradition of gastronomy.
Paris est célèbre pour sa riche tradition gastronomique.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfleɪtɪd/

inflated

gonflé
Meaning
excessively increased in size, value, or importance; filled with air or gas
Example
The company faced criticism for its inflated prices.
L'entreprise a fait face à des critiques en raison de ses prix gonflés.
C1 noun /ˌsɛnsəˈbɪləti/

Sensibility

sensibilité
Meaning
the ability to appreciate and respond to complex emotional or aesthetic influences; sensitivity
Example
Her artistic sensibility made her appreciate fine details in paintings.
Sa sensibilité artistique lui a permis d'apprécier les détails fins des peintures.
C2 noun /ˈpæk.ɪ.dɜːrm/

pachyderm

grand mammifère à peau épaisse
Meaning
a large mammal with thick skin, such as an elephant, rhinoceros, or hippopotamus
Example
The zoo had several pachyderms, including elephants and rhinos.
Le zoo avait plusieurs pachydermes, y compris des éléphants et des rhinocéros.
C2 verb /ˈwaŋɡl/

wangle

obtenir quelque chose par astuce
Meaning
To achieve something by clever or sometimes dishonest persuasion or trickery.
Example
He wangled a free ticket to the concert.
Il a obtenu un billet gratuit pour le concert par astuce.
C2 adjective /dɪsˈpɛptɪk/

dyspeptic

dyspepsie, irritable
Meaning
Relating to indigestion or having a gloomy or irritable disposition.
Example
After the heavy meal, he felt dyspeptic and uncomfortable.
Après le repas copieux, il se sentait dyspeptique et mal à l'aise.
B1 noun /ˈbles.ɪŋ/

Blessing

bénédiction; cadeau;
Meaning
a beneficial thing for which one is grateful; divine favor
Example
Having good health is a blessing that we should cherish.
Avoir une bonne santé est une bénédiction que nous devrions chérir.
C2 adjective /ˈsækərɪn/

saccharine

bonheur
Meaning
Excessively sweet or sentimental.
Example
His saccharine smile seemed insincere.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /aɪ/

aye

oui
Meaning
an affirmative vote or expression of agreement
Example
The committee voted aye on the proposal.
Le comité a voté oui pour la proposition.
B2 noun /ˈrɒbəɹi/

robbery

vol
Meaning
the crime of stealing from someone or somewhere using force or threat
Example
The police are investigating the robbery at the local store.
La police enquête sur le vol au magasin local.
B2 verb /suː/

sue

poursuivre
Meaning
to bring a lawsuit against someone in a court of law
Example
She decided to sue the company for damages.
Elle a décidé de poursuivre l'entreprise en justice pour dommages.
B1 noun /teɪl/

tale

histoire
Meaning
a narrative of imaginary events, especially one that is presented as true
Example
The old man told a tale of his adventures.
Le vieil homme a raconté une histoire de ses aventures.
C1 verb /dɪˈfeɪm/

defame

diffamer
Meaning
to harm someone's reputation by spreading false information
Example
He was defamed by malicious rumors.
Il a été diffamé par des rumeurs malveillantes.
B2 noun /ˌaʊtˈsaɪdə(r)/

outsider

étranger
Meaning
a person who is not accepted as a member of a particular group or community
Example
As a new student, she often felt like an outsider at school.
En tant que nouvelle étudiante, elle se sentait souvent comme une étrangère à l'école.
B2 noun /ˌmænjəˈfæktʃərər/

manufacturer

fabricant
Meaning
A person or company that makes goods in large quantities.
Example
The manufacturer produces cars for the global market.
Le fabricant produit des voitures pour le marché mondial.
B2 adjective + noun ˈædvɜːrs ɪˈfekts

adverse effects

effets négatifs
Meaning
Negative or harmful impacts that result from an action or condition.
Example
Plastic usage has adverse effects on the environment.
L'utilisation du plastique a des effets négatifs sur l'environnement.
B1 noun /ˈvɪərər/

viewer

spectateur
Meaning
a person who watches something, especially television or video content
Example
The viewer is able to switch channels with the remote control.
Le spectateur peut changer de chaîne avec la télécommande.
C1 verb /fɔrˈstɔl/

forestall

prévenir à l'avance
Meaning
to prevent by acting in advance; to anticipate and counter
Example
They forestalled the crisis by taking immediate action.
Ils ont évité la crise en prenant des mesures immédiates.
B2 verb /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/

contaminate

contaminer
Meaning
To make something impure, dirty, or harmful by contact with a poisonous or polluting substance.
Example
The river was contaminated by industrial waste.
La rivière a été contaminée par des déchets industriels.
C2 adjective /ˌdaɪəˈlɛktɪkəl/

dialectical

dialectique
Meaning
Relating to the logical discussion of ideas and opinions.
Example
She took a dialectical approach to solve the complex issue.
Elle a adopté une approche dialectique pour résoudre la question complexe.
C1 noun /əˈtaɪər/

attire

vêtement
Meaning
Clothing, especially formal or elegant wear.
Example
She wore traditional attire at the wedding ceremony.
Elle portait un vêtement traditionnel lors de la cérémonie du mariage.
B1 verb /ɪkˈsplɔːrɪŋ/

exploring

explorer
Meaning
Investigating or studying thoroughly; searching into or ranging over for the purpose of discovery.
Example
They are exploring different areas of Antarctica.
Ils explorent différentes régions de l'Antarctique.
B2 verb /ɪkˈsploʊd/

explode

exploser
Meaning
to burst or shatter violently and noisily as a result of rapid combustion or pressure
Example
The bomb exploded in the middle of the street.
La bombe a explosé au milieu de la rue.
C1 adjective /æmˈbɪvələnt/

ambivalent

ambivalent
Meaning
Having mixed or contradictory feelings about something or someone.
Example
She was ambivalent about accepting the new job offer.
Elle était ambivalente à propos d'accepter la nouvelle offre d'emploi.
B2 noun /ˈdɛltə/

delta

delta
Meaning
A landform at the mouth of a river where it splits into several outlets.
Example
The Nile Delta is one of the most fertile regions in Egypt.
Le delta du Nil est l'une des régions les plus fertiles d'Égypte.
B1 noun /ˈhɛdˌlaɪn/

headline

titre principal
Meaning
The title of a newspaper article printed in large letters.
Example
The scandal made front-page headlines.
Le scandale a fait la une des journaux.
C1 verb /əˈbɔːrt/

abort

avorter; annuler
Meaning
to stop a process or action before it is completed; to end a pregnancy deliberately
Example
The pilot decided to abort the mission due to bad weather.
Le pilote a décidé d’avorter la mission à cause du mauvais temps.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈæk.tɪv/

Inactive

inactif
Meaning
not active; not working; dormant; idle
Example
The volcano has been inactive for over a century.
Le volcan est inactif depuis plus d'un siecle.
C2 noun /ˈɛpənɪm/

eponym

personne dont le nom a été donné à une invention ou un lieu
Meaning
A person after whom a discovery, invention, place, or other thing is named.
Example
Sandwich is an eponym named after the Earl of Sandwich.
Sandwich est un éponyme nommé d'après le comte de Sandwich.
B1 noun /ˈæŋɡl/

angle

angle
Meaning
The space between two intersecting lines or surfaces at the point where they meet.
Example
The teacher explained how to measure an angle in geometry.
L'enseignant a expliqué comment mesurer un angle en géométrie.
A2 noun/verb /meɪl/

mail

courrier / lettre
Meaning
Letters, packages, or email messages sent or delivered to someone.
Example
I received an important letter in the mail.
J'ai reçu une lettre importante par le courrier.