gyrate
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C2 verb /ˈdʒaɪreɪt/

gyrate

tourner rapidement
Meaning
to move or spin quickly in circles
Example
The dancer gyrated wildly to the rhythm of the drums.
La danseuse a tourné frénétiquement au rythme des tambours.
B1 noun freɪzɪz

phrases

phrases
Meaning
A small group of words standing together as a conceptual unit, typically forming a component of a clause.
Example
Learn common phrases for daily use.
Apprenez des phrases courantes pour un usage quotidien.
C2 adjective /ˈnʌpʃəl/

nuptial

nuptial
Meaning
Relating to marriage or weddings.
Example
The couple prepared for their nuptial ceremony with great joy.
Le couple s'est préparé pour leur cérémonie nuptiale avec grande joie.
C2 noun /pəˈtruːn/

poltroon

lâche
Meaning
a cowardly person
Example
He acted like a poltroon during the crisis.
Il a agi comme un lâche pendant la crise.
B1 verb/adjective /sɪˈkjʊər/

secure

sécuriser
Meaning
to make safe or protect; to fix something firmly in place
Example
Please secure the door before you leave.
S'il vous plaît sécurisez la porte avant de partir.
C1 adjective /ˈbɛndi/

bendy

flexible
Meaning
Easily curved or flexible.
Example
The bendy straw made it easier to drink from the cup.
La paille flexible a facilité la consommation de la boisson.
B2 noun /ˈdɛltə/

delta

delta
Meaning
A landform at the mouth of a river where it splits into several outlets.
Example
The Nile Delta is one of the most fertile regions in Egypt.
Le delta du Nil est l'une des régions les plus fertiles d'Égypte.
C1 verb /ˈʌndərkʌt/

undercut

sous-coter, affaiblir
Meaning
to sell at a lower price than a competitor; to weaken or undermine something
Example
The company tried to undercut its rivals by offering lower prices.
L'entreprise a tenté d'undercut ses rivaux en offrant des prix plus bas.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪrəl/

virile

viril
Meaning
having traditionally masculine qualities, such as strength, energy, and sexual vigor
Example
The actor was admired for his virile appearance.
L'acteur a été admiré pour son apparence virile.
C2 adjective /ˈpɛndjʊləs/

pendulous

bonheur
Meaning
hanging down loosely; drooping
Example
The pendulous fruit weighed down the branch.
Elle ne pouvait cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle reçut le prix.
C2 adjective /ˈprɒmɪsəri/

promissory

promissoire
Meaning
Containing or conveying a promise, especially in writing.
Example
He signed a promissory note to repay the loan.
Il a signé un billet à ordre pour rembourser le prêt.
C1 verb /rɪˈklaɪn/

recline

se replier
Meaning
To lean or lie back in a relaxed position.
Example
She reclined on the sofa with a book.
Elle s'est allongée sur le canapé avec un livre.
B2 noun /ˈpɔːrɪdʒ/

porridge

bouillie
Meaning
A soft food made by boiling oats or other grains in milk or water.
Example
She had a bowl of porridge for breakfast.
Elle a mangé un bol de bouillie pour le petit déjeuner.
B2 noun /ˌkɒmplɪˈkeɪʃən/

complication

complication
Meaning
A problem or difficulty that makes a situation harder to deal with.
Example
His illness led to serious complications after surgery.
Sa maladie a causé des complications graves après la chirurgie.
A1 noun /ˈdɒktər/

doctor

médecin
Meaning
A qualified medical professional who treats illnesses and injuries.
Example
The doctor prescribed medicine for the patient.
Le médecin a prescrit des médicaments pour le patient.
B2 adjective ˈkʌtɪŋ ˌɛdʒ

cutting-edge

à la pointe, innovant, technologie de pointe
Meaning
The most advanced or innovative; at the forefront of development.
Example
This company develops cutting-edge technology.
Cette entreprise développe des technologies de pointe.
B2 noun /biːk/

Beak

bec
Meaning
the hard pointed part of a bird's mouth
Example
The eagle has a sharp beak for tearing meat.
L'aigle a un bec pointu pour déchirer la viande.
C2 verb /sweɪð/

swathe

envelopper
Meaning
To wrap or cover closely or completely.
Example
She swathed the baby in a soft blanket.
Elle enveloppa le bébé dans une couverture douce.
C1 noun dɪˈspær.ə.ti

disparity

disparité
Meaning
A great difference or inequality.
Example
Disparity between countries must be reduced.
La disparité entre les pays doit être réduite.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈweɪ.vər.ɪŋ/

unwavering

inébranlable
Meaning
Steady or resolute; not wavering.
Example
He showed unwavering dedication to his goal.
Il a montré un dévouement inébranlable à son objectif.
B1 verb /dɪˈvɛləpɪŋ/

developing

en développement
Meaning
the process of growing, improving, or becoming more advanced
Example
She is developing new skills in programming.
Elle développe de nouvelles compétences en programmation.
B1 noun /ˈtɛmpəl/

temple

temple
Meaning
a building used for the worship of a god or gods
Example
They visited an ancient temple during their trip to India.
Ils ont visité un ancien temple pendant leur voyage en Inde.
C2 noun /mʌsk/

Musk

musc
Meaning
a strong-smelling substance secreted by certain animals, used in perfumes and traditional medicine
Example
The perfume contained natural musk that gave it an exotic fragrance.
Le parfum contenait du musc naturel qui lui a donné un parfum exotique.
B1 noun /ˈpaɪ.lət/

Pilot

pilote
Meaning
a person who operates the controls of an aircraft
Example
The experienced pilot landed the plane safely during the storm.
Le pilote expérimenté a atterri l'avion en toute sécurité pendant la tempête.
C1 noun, adjective, verb /səˈbɔːrdənət/ (noun/adjective), /səˈbɔːrdəˌneɪt/ (verb)

subordinate

subordonné
Meaning
lower in rank or position; to treat as less important
Example
He manages ten subordinates in his department.
Il gère dix subordonnés dans son département.
C1 noun /ˌmiːdɪˈeɪʃən/

mediation

médiation
Meaning
Intervention between parties to promote reconciliation, settlement, or compromise.
Example
The mediation helped resolve the conflict between the two teams.
La médiation a aidé à résoudre le conflit entre les deux équipes.
C2 noun /ˈpɪərɪdʒ/

peerage

noblesse
Meaning
the title or rank of a peer; the nobility as a group
Example
He was elevated to the peerage by the king.
Il a été élevé à la noblesse par le roi.
B1 adjective /ˈʌpər/

upper

supérieur
Meaning
higher in position or rank
Example
The upper floor of the building is under renovation.
Le étage supérieur du bâtiment est en rénovation.
C1 verb /ˈɑːrbɪtreɪt/

arbitrate

arbitrer
Meaning
to settle a dispute between two parties by acting as an impartial judge
Example
The committee agreed to arbitrate the contract dispute.
Le comité a accepté d'arbitrer le différend contractuel.
C1 noun/verb /brʊk/

brook

ruisseau / tolérer
Meaning
As a noun: a small natural stream; As a verb: to tolerate or endure something
Example
The village was built near a clear brook.
Le village a été construit près d'un ruisseau clair.
B2 verb /səˈspɛnd/

suspend

suspendre
Meaning
To temporarily stop something from being active or valid.
Example
The company decided to suspend his membership.
L'entreprise a décidé de suspendre son adhésion.
B1 noun /ˈsʌb.weɪ/

Subway

métro
Meaning
an underground railway system; an underground passage for pedestrians
Example
I take the subway to work every morning because it's faster than driving.
Je prends le métro pour aller au travail tous les matins parce que c'est plus rapide que de conduire.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɜːs/

Inverse

inverse; opposé
Meaning
opposite in order, nature, or effect; reversed
Example
There is an inverse relationship between price and demand.
Il existe une relation inverse entre le prix et la demande.
C2 noun /ˌædʒʊˈreɪʃən/

adjuration

supplication solennelle
Meaning
a solemn urging or appeal
Example
The priest made an adjuration for peace and unity.
Le prêtre a fait une supplication solennelle pour la paix et l'unité.
A2 noun /ˈdjuː.ti/

Duty

devoir
Meaning
something that one is expected or required to do; moral or legal obligation
Example
It is our duty as citizens to vote in elections.
C'est notre devoir en tant que citoyens de voter lors des élections.
A2 verb /səˈpəʊz/

suppose

supposer
Meaning
to assume or believe something is true without proof
Example
I suppose she will be here soon.
Je suppose qu'elle sera ici bientôt.
C2 adjective /əˈfɔːrsed/

Aforesaid

précédemment mentionné
Meaning
mentioned before; previously stated
Example
The aforesaid conditions must be met before approval.
Les conditions précédemment mentionnées doivent être remplies avant l'approbation.
B1 verb /waɪp/

wipe

essuyer
Meaning
to clean or dry something by rubbing with a cloth or tissue
Example
Please wipe the table clean.
Veuillez essuyer la table.
C1 noun /ˌræm.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

ramification

conséquence
Meaning
a consequence of an action or event, often complex or unwelcome.
Example
The new law has serious social ramifications.
La nouvelle loi a de graves conséquences sociales.
B2 noun /kraɪˈtɪəriə/

criteria

critère
Meaning
Standards or principles by which something is judged or decided.
Example
The candidates were evaluated based on strict criteria.
Les candidats ont été évalués en fonction de critères stricts.
B2 noun /ɒdz/

odds

probabilité
Meaning
the likelihood or probability of something happening; chances for or against something
Example
The odds of winning the lottery are very low.
Les chances de gagner à la loterie sont très faibles.
C2 noun /ˈɪn.fɪ.del/

Infidel

infidèle
Meaning
a person who does not believe in religion or whose religious beliefs differ from one's own
Example
In historical contexts, crusaders often referred to their enemies as infidels.
Dans des contextes historiques, les croisés se référaient souvent à leurs ennemis comme des infidèles.
C1 verb /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

vindicate

justifier
Meaning
To clear someone of blame or suspicion; to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
Example
The new evidence helped vindicate the wrongly accused man.
La nouvelle preuve a aidé à justifier l'homme injustement accusé.
A2 noun /ˈpeɪmənt/

payment

paiement
Meaning
the action or process of paying money for something
Example
The payment for the order was received yesterday.
Le paiement pour la commande a été reçu hier.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

valeur; prix; importance
Meaning
the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth
Example
This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.
Ce vase ancien a une grande valeur sentimentale pour notre famille.
C2 noun /ˈlɛtʃ.əri/

lechery

lubie
Meaning
excessive or offensive sexual desire; lustfulness
Example
The novel depicted the lechery of corrupt nobles.
Le roman dépeignait la lubricité des nobles corrompus.
C2 noun səˈtaɪ.ə.ti

satiety

satiété
Meaning
The feeling of being satisfied or full, especially with regard to food.
Example
High-fiber foods provide longer satiety.
Les aliments riches en fibres procurent une plus grande satiété.
B2 noun ট্রপিক্যাল রিজিওনস

tropical regions

régions tropicales
Meaning
Areas of the Earth near the equator characterized by warm temperatures.
Example
Bangladesh is located in tropical regions.
Le Bangladesh est situé dans les régions tropicales.
C1 noun /ˈɜːrθənˌwɛr/

earthenware

céramique
Meaning
pottery made of clay and hardened by heat
Example
The shop displayed beautiful earthenware pots and bowls.
Le magasin a exposé de beaux pots et bols en céramique.
C2 adjective /pʌŋkˈtɪliəs/

punctilious

pointilleux
Meaning
Showing great attention to detail or correct behavior.
Example
She was punctilious in her attention to etiquette.
Elle était pointilleuse dans son attention à l'étiquette.
C2 adjective /ˈpɪrɪk/

pyrrhic

victoire pyrrhique
Meaning
A victory won at such a great cost that it is almost equivalent to defeat.
Example
The general declared the battle a pyrrhic victory due to heavy losses.
Le général a déclaré la bataille comme une victoire pyrrhique en raison des lourdes pertes.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsɪnjueɪt/

insinuate

insinuer
Meaning
To suggest or hint something indirectly and often unpleasantly.
Example
He insinuated that she had lied about her qualifications.
Il a insinué qu'elle avait menti sur ses qualifications.
B1 adjective /əˈsoʊsieɪtɪd/

associated

associé
Meaning
connected or related to something or someone
Example
She is closely associated with environmental movements.
Elle est étroitement associée aux mouvements environnementaux.
A2 noun /ˈʌn.jən/

Onion

oignon
Meaning
a round vegetable with a strong taste and smell, made up of many layers
Example
I need to chop some onions for the curry recipe.
J'ai besoin de couper des oignons pour la recette du curry.
A2 noun /hɪl/

Hill

colline; butte
Meaning
a naturally raised area of land, not as high or craggy as a mountain
Example
The children enjoyed rolling down the grassy hill behind their house during summer vacation.
Les enfants ont adoré dévaler la colline herbeuse derrière leur maison pendant les vacances d'été.
B2 verb /rɪˈstrɪkt/

restrict

restreindre
Meaning
To limit the size, amount, or range of something.
Example
The government decided to restrict the use of plastic bags.
Le gouvernement a décidé de restreindre l'utilisation des sacs en plastique.
A1 noun /ˈhoʊmwɜːrk/

homework

devoir
Meaning
schoolwork that a student does at home
Example
I need to finish my math homework before dinner.
Je dois terminer mes devoirs de mathématiques avant le dîner.
C1 noun /hjuːˈmɪl.ɪ.ti/

humility

humilité
Meaning
The quality of having a modest or low view of one's importance.
Example
She accepted the award with grace and humility.
Elle a accepté le prix avec grâce et humilité.
A2 adjective /ˈkɒm.ən/

common

commun
Meaning
occurring frequently or widely; shared by all
Example
It is common to see traffic in the city during rush hour.
Il est courant de voir du trafic en ville pendant l'heure de pointe.
B2 noun /ɪnˈtɛnsəti/

intensity

intensité
Meaning
The quality of being extreme, strong, or forceful in degree.
Example
The intensity of the storm frightened the villagers.
L'intensité de la tempête a effrayé les villageois.
B2 noun /ˈmɪnərəl/

mineral

minéral
Meaning
a naturally occurring substance that is solid and inorganic, often used in industry or nutrition
Example
Calcium is an important mineral for strong bones.
Le calcium est un minéral important pour des os solides.
C1 noun /kənˈfɔːrmɪst/

conformist

conformiste
Meaning
A person who uncritically conforms to established practices or standards.
Example
She was labeled a conformist for always following the crowd.
Elle a été étiquetée comme conformiste pour avoir toujours suivi la foule.
B2 noun /ˈreɪn.dʒər/

ranger

garde forestier
Meaning
A person responsible for protecting and managing forests, parks, or natural areas.
Example
The park ranger guided the tourists through the forest trail.
Le garde forestier a guidé les touristes à travers le sentier forestier.
C2 noun /oʊliˈændər/

Oleander

oléandre
Meaning
a poisonous evergreen shrub with clusters of white, pink, or red flowers
Example
The beautiful oleander flowers bloomed in the garden despite their toxic nature.
Les belles fleurs d'oléanre ont fleuri dans le jardin malgré leur nature toxique.
B2 noun /stɑːr fɪʃ/

Star fish

étoile de mer
Meaning
a marine echinoderm with five or more radiating arms, typically found on the sea floor
Example
The starfish slowly moved across the ocean floor searching for food.
L’étoile de mer se déplaçait lentement sur le fond de l’océan à la recherche de nourriture.
A2 noun /ˈplɛʒər/

pleasure

plaisir
Meaning
a feeling of happiness or enjoyment
Example
It was a pleasure to meet you.
C'était un plaisir de vous rencontrer.
C2 noun /ɡlʌt/

glut

excédent d'approvisionnement
Meaning
An excessive supply of something; more than is needed.
Example
There was a glut of cheap smartphones in the market.
Il y avait un excédent de smartphones bon marché sur le marché.
A1 title /ˈmɪsɪz/

mrs

madame
Meaning
a title used before a married woman's name
Example
Mrs. Karim is the headmistress of the school.
Madame Karim est la directrice de l'école.
C1 verb /ˌkɒm.pɑːtˈmen.təl.aɪz/

compartmentalize

compartimenter
Meaning
To divide into sections or categories; to separate things into compartments.
Example
To increase efficiency, he compartmentalized his work tasks.
Pour augmenter l'efficacité, il a compartimenté ses tâches de travail.
C2 adjective /ˈsɛpərəbəl/

separable

séparable
Meaning
Capable of being separated or divided.
Example
The two issues are separable and should be discussed independently.
Les deux problèmes sont séparables et doivent être discutés indépendamment.
C1 noun /ˈloʊ.fər/

Loafer

un paresseux, quelqu'un qui évite de travailler ou de faire des efforts
Meaning
a person who avoids work or effort; an idler
Example
Don't be a loafer, help us with the work.
Ne sois pas un lofèr, aide-nous avec le travail.
C1 noun /ʃæˈtoʊ/

chateau

château français
Meaning
a large French country house or castle
Example
They stayed in a beautiful chateau in France.
Ils sont restés dans un magnifique château en France.
B2 noun /kæf/

Calf

veau
Meaning
a young cow or bull; young of various large mammals
Example
The calf stayed close to its mother.
Le veau est resté près de sa mère.
C2 adjective /dɪˈmjʊər/

demure

réservé
Meaning
reserved, modest, and shy
Example
She gave him a demure smile.
Elle lui donna un sourire réservé.
C1 verb /ɪnˈfjʊərieɪt/

infuriate

mettre en colère
Meaning
To make someone extremely angry.
Example
His careless remarks infuriated the entire team.
Ses remarques imprudentes ont mis en colère toute l'équipe.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsteɪbəl/

instable

instable
Meaning
not stable; liable to change, collapse, or fail; lacking firmness or reliability
Example
The instable political situation worried foreign investors.
La situation politique instable a inquiété les investisseurs étrangers.
C1 noun /məˈtɜːrnəti/

Maternity

maternité
Meaning
The state of being a mother; motherhood
Example
The hospital has an excellent maternity ward for new mothers.
L'hôpital dispose d'une excellente salle de maternité pour les nouvelles mères.
C2 noun /ˌbæstərdaɪˈzeɪʃən/

bastardization

dégénérescence / altération
Meaning
the act of corrupting, degrading, or misrepresenting something
Example
Critics called the remake a bastardization of the original film.
Les critiques ont qualifié le remake de bastardisation du film original.
C1 noun /ˈbæs.ti.ən/

bastion

bastion, forteresse
Meaning
a stronghold or fortification; a place or institution strongly defending particular principles
Example
The castle stood as a bastion against enemy attacks.
Le château se tenait comme un bastion contre les attaques ennemies.
A1 noun /piːs/

piece

un morceau
Meaning
a portion or part of something
Example
He gave me a piece of cake.
Il m'a donné un morceau de gâteau.
A1 noun /ˈkɪtʃən/

Kitchen

cuisine
Meaning
a room or area where food is prepared and cooked
Example
The kitchen was filled with the smell of fresh bread.
La cuisine était remplie de l'odeur du pain frais.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəl/

unequivocal

sans équivoque
Meaning
Leaving no doubt; clear and unambiguous
Example
She gave an unequivocal answer to the question.
Elle a donné une réponse sans équivoque à la question.
A1 noun /ˈtjuːzdeɪ/

tuesday

mardi
Meaning
The second day of the week, following Monday and preceding Wednesday.
Example
We have a meeting scheduled for Tuesday.
Nous avons une réunion prévue mardi.
C2 noun /ˌkɒməˈsɛəriət/

commissariat

service des approvisionnements
Meaning
A department responsible for supplying food and equipment, especially in the military.
Example
The army commissariat ensured that the soldiers had enough supplies.
Le service des approvisionnements de l'armée s'est assuré que les soldats avaient suffisamment de provisions.
C1 adjective /ˈtɒp.məʊst/

Topmost

le plus haut; supérieur
Meaning
highest in position or rank
Example
The flag was placed on the topmost branch of the tree.
Le drapeau a été placé sur la branche la plus haute de l'arbre.
C2 adjective /ˈdɪfɪdənt/

diffident

diffident
Meaning
Shy or lacking confidence in one's own abilities.
Example
He was too diffident to ask a question in class.
Il était trop diffident pour poser une question en classe.
C2 noun /ˈaɪ.lət/

islet

îlot
Meaning
A very small island.
Example
The fishermen rested on a tiny islet before continuing their journey.
Les pêcheurs se sont reposés sur un petit îlot avant de continuer leur voyage.
A1 noun /taʊn/

town

ville
Meaning
a human settlement smaller than a city
Example
The town was quiet on Sundays.
Le village était calme le dimanche.
B2 noun /ˈsɜːrkɪt/

circuit

circuit / voie électrique
Meaning
A roughly circular line, route, or movement that starts and ends at the same place; also an electrical pathway.
Example
The runners completed the circuit around the park.
Les coureurs ont terminé le circuit autour du parc.
A2 noun /ˌænɪˈvɜːrsəri/

anniversary

anniversaire
Meaning
the yearly recurrence of a date marking a past event
Example
They celebrated their wedding anniversary with a dinner.
Ils ont célébré leur anniversaire de mariage avec un dîner.
C1 adjective /pərˈtɜːrbd/

perturbed

perturbé
Meaning
feeling anxious, unsettled, or disturbed
Example
He looked perturbed after hearing the bad news.
Il semblait perturbé après avoir entendu les mauvaises nouvelles.
C1 noun ˈɛksəʊˌplænɪt

exoplanet

une planète qui orbite autour d'une étoile en dehors du système solaire
Meaning
A planet that orbits a star outside the solar system.
Example
Astronomers have discovered thousands of exoplanets in the last decade.
Les astronomes ont découvert des milliers d'exoplanètes au cours de la dernière décennie.
C1 noun /ʌnˈfeɪθfʊlnəs/

unfaithfulness

infidélité
Meaning
the quality of being disloyal or not faithful; breach of trust or fidelity
Example
His unfaithfulness led to the end of their marriage.
Son infidélité a conduit à la fin de leur mariage.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.ju.əns/

continuance

continuité
Meaning
the state of continuing or being prolonged; persistence
Example
The continuance of the project depended on securing additional funding.
La continuité du projet dépendait de l'obtention de financements supplémentaires.
C2 adjective /ˈæʒər/

azure

azur
Meaning
A bright blue color like that of a clear sky.
Example
The clear sky was painted in a deep shade of azure.
Le ciel clair était peint d'une teinte profonde d'azur.
B1 noun /ˈtæblət/

tablet

tablette
Meaning
a small flat computer or a small solid dose of medicine
Example
She took a tablet to relieve her headache.
Elle a pris une tablette pour soulager son mal de tete.
C2 noun /rɪˈpruːf/

reproof

réprobation, censure
Meaning
An expression of blame or disapproval.
Example
His careless words drew a sharp reproof from his mother.
Ses paroles imprudentes ont provoqué une vive réprobation de sa mère.
B2 noun /ˈtɜːrbən/

Turban

turban
Meaning
a head covering made by wrapping a long piece of cloth around the head
Example
The Sikh man wore a colorful turban.
L'homme sikh portait un turban coloré.
B1 noun /əˌkɒm.əˈdeɪ.ʃənz/

accommodations

logement
Meaning
Lodging; room and board; places to stay.
Example
The students had proper accommodations.
Les étudiants avaient un logement adéquat.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnsəbl/

insensible

insensible
Meaning
Unconscious; unaware of or indifferent to something.
Example
He was insensible to the cold as he lay in the snow.
Il était insensible au froid lorsqu'il était allongé dans la neige.
C1 noun /ˌmɛrɪˈtɒkrəsi/

meritocracy

méritocratie
Meaning
A system in which advancement is based on individual ability or achievement.
Example
In a true meritocracy, the most capable people rise to leadership positions.
Dans une véritable méritocratie, les personnes les plus compétentes accèdent aux positions de leadership.
C1 noun /əˈsɪdɪti/

acidity

acidité
Meaning
the quality or degree of being acidic; the amount of acid present in a substance
Example
The acidity of the soil affects how well crops grow.
L’acidité du sol influence la croissance des cultures.
C2 noun /ˈrɛlɪkwɛri/

reliquary

reliquaire
Meaning
a container for holy relics
Example
The ancient reliquary was decorated with gold and precious stones.
Le reliquaire ancien était décoré d'or et de pierres précieuses.
C2 adjective /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/

contumacious

insoumis, récalcitrant
Meaning
stubbornly disobedient or rebellious
Example
The contumacious student refused to follow the school rules.
L'étudiant insoumis a refusé de suivre les règles de l'école.
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrʃieri/

tertiary

tertiaire
Meaning
third in order, rank, or level
Example
He is pursuing his tertiary education at the university.
Il poursuit ses études tertiaires à l'université.
B2 noun /ɡlɪmps/

Glimpse

aperçu momentané;
Meaning
a momentary or partial view; a brief look or sight of something
Example
Through the window, I caught a glimpse of the beautiful garden behind the house.
À travers la fenêtre, j'ai aperçu le beau jardin derrière la maison.
B1 verb /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

establish

établir
Meaning
To set up, create, or bring into existence something on a firm basis.
Example
The company plans to establish a new office in Dhaka.
La société prévoit d'établir un nouveau bureau à Dhaka.
B1 noun /ˈsmoʊkər/

smoker

fumeur
Meaning
A person who smokes tobacco or other substances
Example
He is a heavy smoker and tries to quit every year.
Il est un fumeur et essaie d'arrêter chaque année.
C2 noun /ˈfʌstɪən/

fustian

discours pompeux
Meaning
pompous or pretentious speech or writing; originally a type of thick cloth
Example
The politician's speech was filled with fustian and empty promises.
Le discours du politicien était rempli de fustian et de promesses vides.
B2 verb /ˌʌndərˈteɪk/

undertake

entreprendre
Meaning
to commit to and begin a task or project; to take on responsibility
Example
She decided to undertake a challenging project.
Elle a décidé de entreprendre un projet difficile.
C2 adjective /hərˈmɛtɪk/

hermetic

hermétique
Meaning
Completely sealed, especially so that no air can enter or escape.
Example
The medicine was kept in a hermetic container.
Le médicament a été conservé dans un conteneur hermétique.
B2 noun /ˌdʒen.əˈrɒs.ə.ti/

Generosity

générosité
Meaning
the quality of being kind and generous; willingness to give money, help, kindness freely
Example
The billionaire's generosity was evident in his numerous charitable donations to hospitals.
La générosité du milliardaire était évidente dans ses nombreuses donations caritatives aux hôpitaux.
C1 verb /ˈfɔːrtɪˌfaɪ/

fortify

fortifier
Meaning
To strengthen a place, person, or thing physically or mentally.
Example
They fortified the city walls to protect against invasion.
Ils ont fortifié les murs de la ville pour se protéger contre l'invasion.
B2 noun /ˈkæməˌflɑːʒ/

camouflage

camouflage
Meaning
the act of hiding or disguising something by making it blend with its surroundings
Example
The soldiers used camouflage to hide from the enemy.
Les soldats ont utilisé le camouflage pour se cacher de l'ennemi.
C1 verb /əˈsæsɪneɪt/

assassinate

assassiner
Meaning
To murder someone important, often a political or religious leader, usually by surprise attack.
Example
The rebels planned to assassinate the king.
Les rebelles ont planifié d'assassiner le roi.
B1 noun /ˈmiːdiəm/

medium

moyen
Meaning
A means or channel of communication, expression, or artistic work.
Example
Television is a powerful medium for spreading information.
La télévision est un moyen puissant de diffuser des informations.
B2 verb /pliːd/

plead

plaider
Meaning
to make an emotional appeal; to present a case in court
Example
She pleaded for mercy.
Elle plaida pour la miséricorde.
B1 noun /rɪst/

Wrist

poignet
Meaning
the joint connecting the hand with the forearm
Example
He wore a watch on his wrist.
Il portait une montre au poignet.
B2 adjective /ˈdʒuːɪʃ/

jewish

bonheur
Meaning
relating to Jews or Judaism
Example
They celebrate Jewish festivals every year.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun /ˈhɑːr.bər/

Harbour

port
Meaning
a place on the coast where vessels may find shelter; a place of safety or refuge
Example
The fishing boats returned safely to the harbour before the storm hit the coastline.
Les bateaux de pêche sont rentrés en toute sécurité au port avant que la tempête ne frappe la côte.
B2 verb /niːl/

kneel

s'agenouiller
Meaning
to go down on one's knees; to rest on the knees
Example
The knight knelt before the king.
Le chevalier s'est agenouillé devant le roi.