gynecology
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C1 noun /ˌɡaɪnəˈkɒlədʒi/

gynecology

gynécologie
Meaning
the branch of medicine dealing with women's reproductive health
Example
She decided to specialize in gynecology after medical school.
Elle a décidé de se spécialiser en gynécologie après l'école de médecine.
B1 noun /lɪd/

Lid

couvercle
Meaning
a removable or hinged cover for the top of a container
Example
Please put the lid back on the jar.
Veuillez remettre le couvercle sur le pot.
C2 verb, adjective /ˈstraɪeɪt/

striate

striée
Meaning
to mark with stripes or grooves; striped or streaked in appearance
Example
The rock surface was striated by glacial movement.
La surface de la roche a été striée par le mouvement glaciaire.
A1 preposition /fɔːr/

for

pour
Meaning
used to indicate purpose, destination, or recipient
Example
This gift is for you.
Ce cadeau est pour toi.
B2 noun /piːk/

Peak

sommet
Meaning
the highest point of a mountain or hill; the maximum level or intensity
Example
The climbers reached the peak of Mount Everest.
Les grimpeurs ont atteint le sommet du Mont Everest.
B2 noun /dɪsˈkʌmfərt/

discomfort

inconfort
Meaning
A feeling of slight pain, unease, or awkwardness.
Example
She shifted in her chair due to discomfort in her back.
Elle s'est déplacée dans sa chaise en raison de l'inconfort dans son dos.
B2 adjective /pəˈθet.ɪk/

Pathetic

pathétique; lamentable
Meaning
arousing pity; extremely poor or inadequate
Example
His pathetic attempt to apologize made things worse.
Son effort pathétique pour s'excuser a empiré les choses.
A1 adjective /smɔːl/

Small

petit; limité; étroit
Meaning
little in size; not large; limited in extent or amount
Example
She lives in a small apartment near the university.
Elle vit dans un petit appartement près de l'université.
C2 noun /ˈɑːrkeɪˌɪzəm/

archaism

archaïsme
Meaning
a word, expression, or style of language that is no longer in everyday use
Example
The poem is full of archaisms that give it an old-fashioned flavor.
Le poème est plein d'archaïsmes qui lui donnent un goût ancien.
A2 adverb /ˈpɒs.ə.bli/

Possibly

peut-être; probablement;
Meaning
perhaps; maybe; it may be the case that
Example
It will possibly rain tomorrow.
Il pourrait probablement pleuvoir demain.
C2 noun, adjective /ˌæntiˌspæzˈmɒdɪk/

antispasmodic

antispasmodique
Meaning
A drug or agent that relieves or prevents muscle spasms.
Example
The doctor prescribed an antispasmodic to ease the pain.
Le médecin a prescrit un antispasmodique pour soulager la douleur.
B2 noun /ʌnəˈbɪləti/

unability

incapacité
Meaning
the state of being unable to do something; incapacity
Example
His unability to solve the problem caused delays in the project.
Son incapacité à résoudre le problème a causé des retards dans le projet.
C1 adjective /ˈpiːkənt/

piquant

piquant
Meaning
having a pleasantly sharp or spicy taste; interestingly provocative
Example
The chef added a piquant sauce to the dish to enhance its flavor.
Le chef a ajouté une sauce piquante au plat pour rehausser sa saveur.
C1 noun /rɪˌdʒuːvəˈneɪʃən/

rejuvenation

régénération
Meaning
The process of restoring something to a former better state, especially referring to renewing soil fertility or revitalizing agricultural land through various restoration practices.
Example
Rejuvenation of soil is necessary for sustainable agriculture.
La régénération du sol est nécessaire pour une agriculture durable.
C2 adjective /ˈfrɒθi/

frothy

mousseux
Meaning
Full of or covered with small bubbles; light and insubstantial.
Example
She ordered a cup of frothy cappuccino.
Elle a commandé une tasse de cappuccino mousseux.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtətɪv/

vegetative

relatif à la croissance ou aux processus fondamentaux de la vie
Meaning
relating to growth or the basic processes of life, often without conscious thought or activity
Example
The patient remained in a vegetative state after the accident.
Le patient est resté dans un état végétatif après l'accident.
C2 adjective /əˈprəʊ.bri.əs/

opprobrious

désobligeant
Meaning
Expressing strong criticism or scorn.
Example
He made opprobrious remarks about his opponent.
Il a fait des remarques désobligeantes sur son adversaire.
B1 noun /ˈspiːʃiːz/

Species

espèce; type
Meaning
a group of living organisms that can reproduce with each other; a type or kind
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to thousands of animal species.
La forêt amazonienne est le foyer de milliers d'espèces animales.
C1 verb /nʌdʒ/

nudge

coup de coude
Meaning
To push someone gently, usually with your elbow, in order to attract attention.
Example
She nudged him to be quiet during the meeting.
Elle lui donna un coup de coude pour qu'il se taise pendant la réunion.
A1 noun /ˈdɒktər/

doctor

médecin
Meaning
A qualified medical professional who treats illnesses and injuries.
Example
The doctor prescribed medicine for the patient.
Le médecin a prescrit des médicaments pour le patient.
A2 noun, verb /bɑːr/

bar

bar, barrer
Meaning
a counter where drinks are served; to prevent or block
Example
They decided to meet at the bar after work.
Ils ont décidé de se retrouver au bar après le travail.
C2 verb /ʌpˈbreɪd/

upbraid

réprimander
Meaning
To scold or criticize someone harshly.
Example
The teacher upbraided the student for being late again.
Le professeur a réprimandé l'élève pour être encore en retard.
C2 adjective /ˈæməˌtɔːri/

amatory

amoureux
Meaning
Relating to or expressing sexual love.
Example
The poet’s verses were filled with amatory themes.
Les vers du poète étaient remplis de thèmes amoureux.
C2 noun /ˈfɔːrˌseɪl/

foresail

voile de proue
Meaning
The principal sail set on the foremast of a sailing vessel.
Example
The crew adjusted the foresail to catch the wind.
L'équipage a ajusté la voile de proue pour attraper le vent.
B2 noun /ˈliːf.lət/

Leaflet

prospectus; dépliant
Meaning
a printed sheet of paper containing information or advertising and usually distributed free
Example
She handed out leaflets about the environmental campaign.
Elle distribua des prospectus sur la campagne environnementale.
B2 verb /ɛksˈheɪl/

exhale

expirer
Meaning
to breathe out air from the lungs
Example
She slowly exhaled after holding her breath.
Elle a lentement exhalé après avoir retenu sa respiration.
B2 noun /ˈstɑːrtər/

starter

personne ou chose qui commence quelque chose; le premier plat d'un repas
Meaning
a person or thing that starts something; the first course of a meal
Example
The starter of the meal was a fresh salad.
Le starter du repas était une salade fraîche.
B1 noun /ˈpæsɪdʒ/

passage

passage/voie étroite; extrait/citation; processus de transition d'un état ou lieu à un autre
Meaning
a narrow way through or between; a section of text or music; the process of moving from one state or place to another
Example
The narrow passage led from the courtyard to the library.
Le passage étroit a mené de la cour à la bibliothèque.
C1 noun /kəˈmændər ɪn tʃiːf/

Commander-in-chief

commandant en chef
Meaning
the supreme leader of a nation's armed forces
Example
The president serves as the commander-in-chief of the military.
Le président agit en tant que commandant en chef des forces armées.
C2 noun /ˈkɒnk.leɪv/

conclave

conclave secret
Meaning
a private meeting, especially a secret or important one
Example
The leaders met in a secret conclave to discuss the strategy.
Les dirigeants se sont réunis dans un conclave secret pour discuter de la stratégie.
A1 adverb /ˈnɛvər/

never

jamais
Meaning
at no time in the past or future; not ever
Example
I have never seen such a beautiful sunset.
Je n'ai jamais vu un coucher de soleil aussi beau.
C1 adjective /ˈperɪɡrɪn/

Peregrine

errant; migratoire; voyageur
Meaning
wandering; traveling; migratory
Example
The peregrine falcon is known for its incredible speed.
Le faucon pèlerin est connu pour sa vitesse incroyable.
B2 noun/adjective /ˌædəˈlɛsənt/

adolescent

adolescent
Meaning
A young person in the process of developing from a child into an adult.
Example
Adolescents often experience rapid physical and emotional changes.
Les adolescents vivent souvent des changements physiques et émotionnels rapides.
C2 noun /ˈnjuː.trɪ.mənt/

nutriment

nutriment
Meaning
Something that nourishes; sustenance or food.
Example
The soil provides nutriment to the plants.
Le sol fournit du nutriment aux plantes.
C1 verb /ˈɡrætɪfaɪ/

gratify

satisfaire, rendre heureux
Meaning
to give pleasure or satisfaction to someone
Example
It gratified him to know his work was appreciated.
Il a été satisfait de savoir que son travail avait été apprécié.
C2 adjective /vɛˈstɪdʒiəl/

vestigial

vestigial
Meaning
Relating to a small, undeveloped remnant of something that was once much larger or more functional.
Example
Humans have a vestigial tailbone that no longer serves its original purpose.
Les humains ont un os du coccyx vestigial qui ne remplit plus sa fonction d'origine.
B1 noun /ˈrʌbər/

rubber

bonheur
Meaning
a tough elastic substance made from the latex of tropical plants or synthetically, used for making tires, boots, and other products.
Example
The tires are made of natural rubber.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈlætɪn/

latin

latin
Meaning
the language of ancient Rome; relating to Latin culture or language
Example
Many English words are derived from Latin.
De nombreux mots anglais proviennent du latin.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈskruːtəbl̩/

inscrutable

bonheur
Meaning
impossible to understand or interpret
Example
His inscrutable expression made it hard to know what he was thinking.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 verb /blɜːrt/

blurt

dire quelque chose sans réfléchir
Meaning
to say something suddenly without thinking
Example
He blurts out the secret accidentally.
Il dit accidentellement le secret.
C2 noun /ˈiːsθiːt/ or /ˈɛsθiːt/

aesthete

esthète
Meaning
A person who has a special appreciation of art and beauty.
Example
The aesthete admired the subtle details of the painting.
L'esthète admirait les détails subtils de la peinture.
C2 noun /ˌpraɪmoʊˈdʒɛnɪtʃər/

primogeniture

primogéniture
Meaning
The right of the firstborn child to inherit the family estate or title.
Example
Under primogeniture, the eldest son inherited the entire estate.
Sous la primogéniture, le fils aîné a hérité de l'ensemble du domaine.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɒnəkrəʊm/

monochrome

monochrome
Meaning
A photograph, painting, or screen image in black and white or varying tones of one color.
Example
The old film was shot entirely in monochrome.
Le vieux film a été tourné entièrement en monochrome.
B2 noun /ˈʌndərˌteɪkɪŋ/

undertaking

entreprise
Meaning
A task, project, or responsibility that someone agrees to do.
Example
Starting a new company is a difficult undertaking.
Lancer une nouvelle entreprise est une entreprise difficile.
C2 adjective /ˈprəʊ.lɪks/

prolix

trop long
Meaning
using too many words; tediously lengthy
Example
The professor’s prolix lecture put many students to sleep.
Le cours prolixe du professeur a endormi de nombreux étudiants.
C2 verb /ˈvæsɪleɪt/

vacillate

bonheur
Meaning
to waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive
Example
He vacillated between studying law and becoming a writer.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher sa joie lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 verb /ɪˈdjuːs/

educe

extraire
Meaning
To draw out or bring forth something latent or hidden.
Example
The teacher tried to educe a response from the shy student.
Le professeur a essayé d'éduire une réponse de l'étudiant timide.
C1 noun /luː/

lieu

au lieu de
Meaning
Instead of; in place of.
Example
He gave money in lieu of flowers.
Il a donné de l'argent au lieu de fleurs.
A2 verb /hɜːrt/

hurt

blesser
Meaning
to cause pain or injury; to feel pain physically or emotionally
Example
My back hurts from sitting too long.
Mon dos me fait mal après être resté assis trop longtemps.
C1 verb /ɪmˈplɔːr/

implore

implorer
Meaning
To beg someone earnestly or desperately to do something.
Example
She implored him to stay with her.
Elle lui implora de rester avec elle.
C2 noun /dɪˈtrækʃən/

detraction

détournement
Meaning
The act of belittling or taking away from the value of something.
Example
Her constant detraction of others made her unpopular.
Sa constante dévalorisation des autres l'a rendue impopulaire.
C1 noun /spɛk/

speck

tache
Meaning
A very small spot, mark, or particle.
Example
There was a tiny speck of dust on the glass table.
Il y avait une petite tache de poussière sur la table en verre.
C2 adjective /dɪˈkrɛpɪt/

decrepit

délabré
Meaning
worn out or weakened by age or neglect
Example
The decrepit old house was on the verge of collapse.
La vieille maison délabrée était sur le point de s'effondrer.
B1 adjective /ˈɜːrbən/

urban

urbain
Meaning
related to, characteristic of, or situated in a city or town
Example
Urban areas often have higher population density than rural areas.
Les zones urbaines ont souvent une densité de population plus élevée que les zones rurales.
B2 noun /ˌsɪmjuˈleɪʃən/

simulation

simulation
Meaning
the imitation of a situation or process
Example
The simulation helped the students understand the complex theory.
La simulation a aidé les étudiants à comprendre la théorie complexe.
C2 verb /rɪˈdaʊnd/

redound

contribuer
Meaning
to contribute greatly to a result or consequence, usually beneficial
Example
His hard work will redound to the success of the company.
Son travail acharné contribuera au succès de l'entreprise.
C1 adjective /ˈdrɪəri/

dreary

morose / lugubre
Meaning
dull, bleak, and lifeless; depressing
Example
The long, dreary winter made everyone feel gloomy.
L'hiver long et lugubre a rendu tout le monde triste.
B2 adjective + noun ˈædvɜːrs ɪˈfekts

adverse effects

effets négatifs
Meaning
Negative or harmful impacts that result from an action or condition.
Example
Plastic usage has adverse effects on the environment.
L'utilisation du plastique a des effets négatifs sur l'environnement.
C1 adjective /ˈkɜːrsəri/

cursory

superficiel
Meaning
Hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
Example
He gave the report only a cursory glance before the meeting.
Il a jeté un coup d'œil superficiel au rapport avant la réunion.
A2 noun ˈpræktɪs

practice

pratique
Meaning
The actual application or use of an idea, belief, or method; repeated exercise in or performance of an activity or skill.
Example
Daily practice improves fluency.
La pratique quotidienne améliore la fluidité.
B1 adverb /ˈɡreɪtli/

greatly

beaucoup
Meaning
to a large extent or degree; very much
Example
She was greatly admired by her students.
Elle a été énormément admirée par ses étudiants.
B2 noun /ədˈvɛntʃərər/

adventurer

aventurier
Meaning
a person who seeks exciting, risky, or unusual experiences; someone who explores new or unknown places
Example
The adventurer traveled deep into the jungle in search of ancient ruins.
L'aventurier a voyagé profondément dans la jungle à la recherche de ruines anciennes.
C2 adjective /ˈbɪliəs/

bilious

bilieux
Meaning
Relating to bile or an ill-tempered, irritable disposition.
Example
He became bilious after hearing the unfair criticism.
Il est devenu bilieux après avoir entendu la critique injuste.
C2 noun ˈtɪl.ɪdʒ

tillage

labours agricoles
Meaning
The preparation of land for growing crops.
Example
Excessive tillage can lead to soil erosion.
Un excès de travail du sol peut entraîner de l'érosion.
B1 adjective /slaɪt/

Slight

léger; mineur; mince; subtil
Meaning
small in degree; not severe or intense; slim; thin
Example
There was a slight delay in the train schedule.
Il y avait un léger retard dans l'horaire du train.
C2 verb /biˈætɪfaɪ/

beatify

béatifier
Meaning
to make blessed or holy, especially in the Roman Catholic Church, to declare a deceased person to be among the blessed
Example
The pope decided to beatify the martyr for his faith and sacrifice.
Le pape a décidé de béatifier le martyr pour sa foi et son sacrifice.
B2 noun /buːˈtiːk/

boutique

boutique
Meaning
a small shop that sells fashionable clothes or accessories
Example
She bought a beautiful dress from a boutique downtown.
Elle a acheté une belle robe dans une boutique du centre-ville.
B1 noun /doʊˈneɪ.ʃən/

Donation

donation; contribution
Meaning
something that is given to a charity, especially a sum of money; the act of giving
Example
The generous donation helped the hospital purchase new medical equipment.
La généreuse donation a aidé l'hôpital à acheter de nouveaux équipements médicaux.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛptɪv/

inceptive

initial
Meaning
Relating to or marking the beginning or initial stage of something.
Example
The inceptive phase of the project was marked by enthusiastic planning.
La phase inceptive du projet a été marquée par une planification enthousiaste.
A2 noun /lɒs/

loss

perte
Meaning
The state of no longer having something or someone; the harm resulting from losing.
Example
The company suffered a huge financial loss last year.
L'entreprise a subi une grande perte financière l'année dernière.
C2 noun /ˈɛkwɪpɔɪz/

equipoise

équilibre
Meaning
A state of balance or equilibrium.
Example
Her calmness created an equipoise in the heated debate.
Sa calme a créé un équilibre dans le débat animé.
C1 noun prəˈtɛk.ʃə.nɪ.zəm

protectionism

protectionnisme
Meaning
The theory or practice of shielding a country's domestic industries from foreign competition by taxing imports.
Example
The government's protectionism helped local businesses grow.
Le protectionnisme du gouvernement a aidé les entreprises locales à se développer.
C1 adjective /ɔːlˈmaɪ.ti/

Almighty

tout-puissant
Meaning
having unlimited power; omnipotent
Example
The almighty storm destroyed everything in its path.
La tempête tout-puissante a détruit tout sur son passage.
C1 adjective /ˈmaɪndləs/

mindless

insensé
Meaning
without thought or intelligence; done without consideration
Example
He was bored by the mindless tasks at work.
Il était ennuyé par les tâches insensées au travail.
B2 adjective ˈnjuːtrəl

neutral

neutre
Meaning
Having no electric charge; neither positive nor negative.
Example
Neutrons are electrically neutral.
Les neutrons sont électriquement neutres.
C1 noun /ˈtʃæs.tɪ.ti/

Chastity

chasteté; virginité; modération;
Meaning
the practice of refraining from extramarital or premarital sexual relations; sexual purity
Example
Many religious traditions value chastity as a virtue of moral purity.
De nombreuses traditions religieuses valorisent la chasteté comme une vertu de pureté morale.
B1 adjective /hɪˈstɔːrɪkəl/

historical

historique
Meaning
Related to history or past events.
Example
The museum has a large collection of historical documents.
Le musée possède une grande collection de documents historiques.
C1 noun /ˈnɛktəriːn/

nectarine

nectarine (variété de pêche à peau lisse)
Meaning
A smooth-skinned variety of peach.
Example
She bought a basket of fresh nectarines from the market.
Elle a acheté un panier de nectarines fraîches au marché.
B2 verb /plaʊ/

plough

labourer
Meaning
to break up and turn over soil using a plough; to move through something with difficulty
Example
The farmer ploughs the field every spring.
Le fermier laboure le champ chaque printemps.
C2 adjective /ˌɛnkəˈmiːæstɪk/

encomiastic

élogieux
Meaning
Expressing praise; laudatory.
Example
The book was filled with encomiastic remarks about the author.
Le livre était rempli de remarques élogieuses sur l'auteur.
C2 adjective /spæzˈmɒdɪk/

spasmodic

spasmodique
Meaning
occurring irregularly or in sudden bursts
Example
The patient experienced spasmodic coughing during the night.
Le patient a eu des toux spasmodiques pendant la nuit.
C2 adjective, adverb /əˈfʊt/

afoot

en cours
Meaning
In progress; happening or being prepared.
Example
There are several new projects afoot in the company.
Il y a plusieurs nouveaux projets en cours dans l'entreprise.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

incompatibility

incompatibilité
Meaning
the state of being unable to exist or work together harmoniously; lack of compatibility
Example
The project failed because of incompatibility between the two software systems.
Le projet a échoué à cause de l’incompatibilité entre les deux systèmes logiciels.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈrɪəl/

unreal

irréel
Meaning
not real or not based on reality; exaggerated or imaginary
Example
The experience felt unreal after the sudden news.
L’expérience semblait irréelle après la nouvelle soudaine.
C2 verb /ɪkˈskruːʃieɪt/

excruciate

excrucier
Meaning
to cause intense pain or suffering
Example
The injury excruciated him with unbearable pain.
La blessure l'excruciait avec une douleur insupportable.
C2 noun /ˌmɛtəfɪˈzɪʃən/

metaphysician

métaphysicien
Meaning
A person who studies or is an expert in metaphysics.
Example
The metaphysician debated the essence of reality with his peers.
Le métaphysicien a débattu de l'essence de la réalité avec ses pairs.
C1 noun /ˈsʌnˌdaʊn/

sundown

coucher du soleil
Meaning
the time in the evening when the sun goes below the horizon
Example
We planned to reach the village before sundown.
Nous avions prévu d'arriver au village avant le coucher du soleil.
C1 verb /ˌriːɪnˈsteɪt/

reinstate

réintégrer
Meaning
To restore someone or something to their former position or condition.
Example
The company decided to reinstate the suspended employee.
L'entreprise a décidé de réintégrer l'employé suspendu.
C2 noun /trəˈveɪl/

travail

travail pénible
Meaning
Painful or laborious effort; suffering or hardship.
Example
After years of travail, she finally completed her degree.
Après des années de travail pénible, elle a enfin obtenu son diplôme.
A1 verb /miːt/

meet

rencontrer
Meaning
to come into the presence of; to encounter
Example
I will meet you at the café.
Je te rencontrerai au café.
C1 noun /ˈkeɪ.sɪŋ/

Casing

revêtement; coque
Meaning
a cover or shell that protects or encloses something
Example
The mechanic removed the engine casing to examine the internal parts.
Le mécanicien a retiré la coque du moteur pour examiner les pièces internes.
C1 verb /əˈbriːvieɪt/

abbreviate

abréger
Meaning
To shorten a word, phrase, or text by leaving out letters or parts.
Example
We often abbreviate 'Doctor' to 'Dr'.
Nous abrégons souvent 'Docteur' en 'Dr'.
A2 adverb /ˈdɪfərəntli/

differently

de manière différente
Meaning
in a way that is not the same as another or as expected
Example
She approached the problem differently than her colleagues.
Elle a abordé le problème de manière différente que ses collègues.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

inhibé
Meaning
Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.
Example
He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.
Il était trop inhibé pour exprimer ses vrais sentiments.
C2 verb /ʧeɪf/

chafe

froter
Meaning
To make or become sore by rubbing; to feel irritation or impatience.
Example
The tight shoes began to chafe his heels.
Les chaussures serrées ont commencé à frotter ses talons.
C2 noun /ˌɒpəˈrɛtə/

operetta

opéra léger
Meaning
a short opera with light and humorous themes
Example
The theater staged a famous operetta by Gilbert and Sullivan.
Le théâtre a présenté une célèbre opérette de Gilbert et Sullivan.
C1 verb /bɪˈmoʊn/

bemoan

déplorer
Meaning
To express discontent or sorrow over something.
Example
Critics bemoaned the lack of diversity in the film.
Les critiques ont déploré le manque de diversité dans le film.
C1 noun, verb /ˈfrænʧaɪz/

franchise

franchise
Meaning
A legal right to sell or distribute goods or services in a specific area; to grant such a right.
Example
He opened a new fast-food franchise in the city.
Il a ouvert une nouvelle franchise de restauration rapide dans la ville.
A2 verb /rɪˈtɜːrn/

return

retourner
Meaning
to come or go back to a place; to give back
Example
I will return home tomorrow.
Je reviendrai à la maison demain.
C2 noun /prəˈtɛktərət/

protectorate

protectorat
Meaning
A state that is controlled and protected by another.
Example
The small country became a protectorate of the empire.
Le petit pays est devenu un protectorat de l'empire.
B2 verb /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

encounter

rencontrer / faire face à
Meaning
to unexpectedly meet someone or experience something, especially something difficult or new
Example
During the hike, we encountered a wild bear.
Pendant la randonnée, nous avons rencontré un ours sauvage.
C1 noun /ˌəʊvərɪksˌplɔɪˈteɪʃən/

overexploitation

surexploitation
Meaning
The unsustainable use of natural resources at a rate that exceeds their ability to regenerate, leading to depletion and environmental degradation.
Example
Overexploitation of natural resources leads to environmental degradation.
La surexploitation des ressources naturelles conduit à la dégradation de l'environnement.
C1 noun/verb /rɪˈproʊtʃ/

reproach

reproche / critique
Meaning
An expression of disapproval or disappointment; to criticize someone for doing wrong.
Example
She reproached him for arriving late to the meeting.
Elle lui a reproché d'arriver en retard à la réunion.
B2 noun/verb /ˈɡlɪtər/

glitter

briller
Meaning
To shine with bright, shimmering light; or decorative sparkles.
Example
Her dress glittered under the stage lights.
Sa robe brillait sous les lumières de la scène.
A1 number /ɪˈlɛvən/

eleven

onze
Meaning
the number after ten and before twelve; 11
Example
There are eleven students in the classroom.
Il y a onze étudiants dans la classe.
C1 noun rɪˌkuːpərˈeɪʃən

recuperation

récupération
Meaning
The process of gradually recovering from illness or fatigue
Example
Rest is essential for recuperation after illness.
Le repos est essentiel pour la récupération après une maladie.
C1 noun /ˈkliː.vər/

Cleaver

grand couteau
Meaning
a heavy knife with a broad blade used for chopping meat or vegetables
Example
The chef used a cleaver to chop the chicken bones.
Le chef a utilisé un grand couteau pour couper les os de poulet.
C2 noun /əˈluː.vi.əm/

alluvium

alluvion
Meaning
Fertile soil deposited by flowing water, especially in riverbanks.
Example
The alluvium in riverbanks is highly fertile for agriculture.
L'alluvion sur les rives des rivières est très fertile pour l'agriculture.
A1 adjective /ˈhæpi/

happy

heureux
Meaning
feeling or showing pleasure, contentment, or joy
Example
She was very happy to receive the gift.
Elle était très heureuse de recevoir le cadeau.
C1 noun /fəˈnætɪsɪzəm/

fanaticism

fanatisme
Meaning
the quality of being fanatical; extreme zeal or obsession
Example
Religious fanaticism can lead to intolerance and conflict.
Le fanatisme religieux peut mener à l'intolérance et au conflit.
A2 noun /ˌsɛlɪˈbreɪʃən/

celebration

célébration
Meaning
a festive event or activity to honor an occasion
Example
The city held a grand celebration on Independence Day.
La ville a organisé une grande célébration le jour de l'Indépendance.
C2 verb /ˌʌn.dɪˈsiːv/

undeceive

désillusionner
Meaning
To free someone from a misconception or false belief.
Example
She tried to undeceive him about the false rumors.
Elle a essayé de le désillusionner au sujet des fausses rumeurs.
C1 noun /ˈkɒz.moʊs/

Cosmos

fleur cosmos
Meaning
a colorful annual flower with daisy-like blooms and feathery foliage
Example
The cosmos flowers swayed gently in the summer breeze across the meadow.
Les fleurs de cosmos se balançaient doucement dans la brise d'été à travers le pré.
A2 noun /suːt/

suit

costume
Meaning
a set of clothes made of the same fabric, usually consisting of trousers and a jacket
Example
He wore a black suit to the wedding.
Il portait un costume noir pour le mariage.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnfəˈlɪsɪtəs/

infelicitous

inopportun
Meaning
not suitable or well chosen; awkward or unfortunate
Example
His infelicitous remark ruined the atmosphere of the meeting.
Sa remarque inopportune a gâché l'ambiance de la réunion.
C1 adjective /dɪˈvɔɪd/

devoid

vide
Meaning
Completely lacking or without something.
Example
His speech was devoid of any real emotion.
Son discours était vide de toute émotion réelle.
C1 adjective /ˈspɛərɪŋ/

sparing

économe / modéré
Meaning
Using or giving only a little of something; economical.
Example
She is sparing in her use of words.
Elle est économe dans l'utilisation des mots.
C2 noun /mɛnˈdæsəti/

mendacity

faux
Meaning
the tendency to be untruthful; dishonesty
Example
The journalist exposed the mendacity of the officials.
Le journaliste a exposé la fausseté des responsables.
C2 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈməʊ.ni.əs/

ceremonious

cérémonieux et poli
Meaning
marked by formality, politeness, or strict observance of customs
Example
He gave her a ceremonious bow before entering the hall.
Il lui a fait une révérence cérémonieuse avant d'entrer dans la salle.
B2 adjective /ˈrest.ləs/

Restless

agité
Meaning
unable to rest or relax; constantly moving or fidgeting
Example
The child was restless during the long car journey.
L'enfant était agité pendant le long voyage en voiture.
C1 noun /oʊθ/

Oath

serment
Meaning
a solemn promise or declaration; a sworn statement
Example
The doctor took an oath to help patients.
Le médecin a prêté serment pour aider les patients.