drudge
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C2 noun /drʌdʒ/

drudge

travailleur assidu
Meaning
A person made to do hard, menial, or dull work.
Example
He felt like a drudge, stuck in repetitive tasks all day.
Il se sentait comme un travailleur assidu, coincé dans des tâches répétitives toute la journée.
B2 adverb /əˈbrʌptli/

Abruptly

soudainement et de manière inattendue; sans avertissement
Meaning
suddenly and unexpectedly; without warning
Example
The meeting ended abruptly when the power went out.
La réunion s'est terminée brusquement lorsque l'électricité a été coupée.
A2 adjective /streɪndʒ/

strange

étrange
Meaning
unusual or not normal
Example
It was strange to see him at the party after so long.
C'était étrange de le voir à la fête après tout ce temps.
C2 noun /pruːd/

prude

personne excessivement prude
Meaning
A person who is easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity; someone overly modest.
Example
He was called a prude for blushing at the movie scenes.
Il a été traité de prude pour avoir rougi devant les scènes du film.
C2 adjective /ɒmˈnɪp.ə.tənt/

omnipotent

omnipotent
Meaning
Having unlimited power; able to do anything; all-powerful.
Example
In many religions, God is considered omnipotent.
Dans de nombreuses religions, Dieu est considéré comme omnipotent.
A2 noun /dəˈrɛkʃən/ or /daɪˈrɛkʃən/

direction

direction, instructions
Meaning
the course or path on which someone or something is moving; instructions on what to do
Example
He asked for directions to the train station.
Il a demandé des directions pour la gare.
C2 noun /ˈækəlaɪt/

acolyte

acolyte
Meaning
a follower or assistant, especially in a religious service or as a devoted supporter of a leader
Example
The senator arrived with a small group of acolytes who handled the press.
Le sénateur est arrivé avec un petit groupe d'acolytes qui s'occupaient de la presse.
C2 adjective /ˌpjuːsɪˈlænɪməs/

pusillanimous

timoré
Meaning
showing a lack of courage or determination; timid
Example
The pusillanimous leader avoided making tough decisions.
Le leader timoré évitait de prendre des décisions difficiles.
C2 noun /sɪnˈtɪl.ə/

scintilla

petite étincelle
Meaning
A tiny trace or spark of a specified quality or feeling.
Example
There wasn’t a scintilla of doubt in her mind.
Il n'y avait pas une étincelle de doute dans son esprit.
C1 noun /ˈkærət/

carat

unité de poids pour les pierres précieuses
Meaning
a unit of weight for precious stones, equal to 200 milligrams
Example
She received a two-carat diamond ring for her engagement.
Elle a reçu une bague en diamant de deux carats pour ses fiançailles.
C1 noun /ˈsɔːjər/

Sawyer

scieur
Meaning
a person who saws wood, especially as an occupation
Example
The skilled sawyer cut the logs into planks.
Le scieur habile a coupé les bûches en planches.
C1 noun/verb /ˈræfəl/

raffle

vente de billets de tombola
Meaning
A means of raising money by selling numbered tickets, one or more of which are drawn at random for a prize; to sell something in such a lottery.
Example
The charity decided to raffle a bicycle to raise funds.
La charité a décidé de vendre un vélo à travers une tombola pour collecter des fonds.
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈvæljuː/

undervalue

sous-estimer
Meaning
To assign too low a value or importance to something or someone.
Example
She felt that her boss consistently undervalued her contributions.
Elle sentait que son patron ne valorisait pas constamment ses contributions.
A2 noun /dʒuːs/

Juice

jus (de fruit/légume ou de viande)
Meaning
the liquid obtained from or present in fruit or vegetables; the liquid that comes from meat when it is cooked
Example
The fresh apple juice was delicious and packed with vitamins.
Le jus de pomme frais était délicieux et rempli de vitamines.
C1 noun /tɪf/

tiff

dispute
Meaning
a small or petty quarrel or argument
Example
They had a little tiff over what movie to watch.
Ils ont eu une petite dispute sur quel film regarder.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛnseɪt/

insensate

insensible
Meaning
lacking physical sensation or empathy; without feeling or sensitivity
Example
The dictator's insensate cruelty shocked the world.
La cruauté insensible du dictateur a choqué le monde.
C1 noun /ˈɒktəɡən/

octagon

octogone
Meaning
A polygon with eight sides and eight angles.
Example
The stop sign is shaped like an octagon.
Le panneau stop a la forme d'un octogone.
C2 adverb/adjective /lɪˈɡɑːtoʊ/

legato

en musique, joué ou chanté de manière fluide et connectée
Meaning
In music, played or sung smoothly and connectedly.
Example
The pianist played the passage legato, with each note flowing into the next.
Le pianiste a joué le passage legato, chaque note se fondant dans la suivante.
C2 noun /ˈsɑːrdʒənt ət ɑːrmz/

sergeant-at-arms

sergent d'armes
Meaning
An officer responsible for maintaining order during meetings or legislative sessions.
Example
The sergeant-at-arms escorted the disruptive member out of the hall.
Le sergent d'armes a escorté le membre perturbateur hors de la salle.
C1 noun/verb /snɛər/

snare

piège
Meaning
a trap for catching animals; to catch or trap
Example
The hunter set a snare to catch rabbits.
Le chasseur a mis un piège pour attraper des lapins.
C2 adjective /ˈdʒɒkjələr/

jocular

moqueur
Meaning
fond of or characterized by joking; humorous
Example
His jocular nature made him popular among colleagues.
Sa nature moqueuse l'a rendu populaire parmi ses collègues.
A2 noun /ˈplænɪt/

Planet

Planète
Meaning
a celestial body moving in an elliptical orbit around a star
Example
Mars is the fourth planet from the sun.
Mars est la quatrième planète du Soleil.
C2 noun /ˈfuːləri/

foolery

folie
Meaning
Silly or foolish behavior or actions.
Example
His constant foolery made the meeting hard to take seriously.
Sa constante folie a rendu la réunion difficile à prendre au sérieux.
C2 adjective /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

itinerant

itinérant
Meaning
Traveling from place to place, especially for work or duty.
Example
The itinerant teacher moved from village to village to educate children.
L'enseignant itinérant se déplaçait de village en village pour enseigner aux enfants.
B1 adjective /prɪˈsaɪs/

precise

précis
Meaning
Marked by exactness and accuracy of expression or detail.
Example
She gave precise instructions for the experiment.
Elle a donné des instructions précises pour l'expérience.
B1 noun /ˈwiːltʃeər/

wheelchair

fauteuil roulant
Meaning
a chair with wheels, used by people who cannot walk easily or at all
Example
The hospital provided a wheelchair for the injured patient.
L'hôpital a fourni un fauteuil roulant pour le patient blessé.
C1 noun /ˈkɒndɪmənt/

condiment

condiment
Meaning
a substance such as salt, mustard, or ketchup that is used to add flavor to food
Example
Ketchup is a popular condiment in many countries.
Le ketchup est un condiment populaire dans de nombreux pays.
A1 noun /ˈsætərdeɪ/

saturday

samedi
Meaning
The day of the week between Friday and Sunday; traditionally the sixth day of the week
Example
We are going to the beach on Saturday.
Nous allons à la plage samedi.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zənt/

cognizant

conscient
Meaning
Having knowledge or being aware of something.
Example
He was cognizant of the risks before starting the project.
Il était conscient des risques avant de commencer le projet.
C2 noun /tʃəˈmeɪ.li/

Chameli

jasmin
Meaning
a variety of jasmine flower with small white fragrant petals
Example
The chameli flowers are commonly used to make garlands and perfumes.
Les fleurs de jasmin sont couramment utilisées pour faire des guirlandes et des parfums.
B2 adverb /ˈpraɪ.vət.li/

Privately

en privé; de manière confidentielle
Meaning
in a private manner; without others present; confidentially
Example
She spoke to him privately about the matter.
Elle lui a parlé en privé de la question.
C1 noun /ˈroʊz ˈwɔː.tər/

Rose-water

eau de rose
Meaning
a flavored water made by steeping rose petals in water, used in cooking and cosmetics
Example
She added a few drops of rose-water to the dessert.
Elle a ajouté quelques gouttes d'eau de rose au dessert.
A1 noun /sɔːŋ/

song

chanson
Meaning
a short piece of music with words that are sung
Example
She sang a beautiful song at the concert.
Elle a chanté une belle chanson lors du concert.
C2 adjective /ˈpruːdɪʃ/

prudish

prude
Meaning
having or revealing a tendency to be easily shocked by matters relating to sex or nudity
Example
She was too prudish to watch the movie with her friends.
Elle était trop prude pour regarder le film avec ses amis.
B2 verb /prəˈvoʊk/

provoke

provoquer
Meaning
To cause someone to become angry or to cause a reaction.
Example
His words provoked a heated argument.
Ses mots ont provoqué une dispute enflammée.
B2 verb /kəˈrɛspɒnd/

correspond

correspondre
Meaning
to communicate by exchanging letters or messages
Example
I correspond regularly with my old friends.
Je corresponds régulièrement avec mes vieux amis.
C1 noun /ˈsʌn.stroʊk/

Sunstroke

coup de chaleur
Meaning
a serious condition caused by overheating from prolonged exposure to high temperatures
Example
The worker suffered from sunstroke after working outside all day.
Le travailleur a souffert d'un coup de chaleur après avoir travaillé dehors toute la journée.
C2 adjective /kəˈprɪʃəs/

capricious

capricieux
Meaning
given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior
Example
The stock market can be capricious, shifting dramatically without warning.
Le marché boursier peut être capricieux, changeant de manière spectaculaire sans avertissement.
C1 noun /ˈstɒpɪdʒ/

stoppage

arrêt; interruption
Meaning
The act of stopping or ceasing; a halt in operation or activity
Example
The sudden stoppage of the train caused delays for all passengers.
L'arrêt soudain du train a provoqué des retards pour tous les passagers.
B1 verb /ˈstɒpɪŋ/

stopping

arrêt
Meaning
Coming to a halt or pause.
Example
The ship is stopping at the Falkland Islands.
Le navire s'arrête aux îles Malouines.
C1 noun /ˌplɔː.zəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

plausibility

plausibilité
Meaning
The quality of being reasonable or probable.
Example
The plausibility of his explanation convinced the jury.
La plausibilité de son explication a convaincu le jury.
C2 noun /ˌfɑːrməkəˈpiːə/

pharmacopoeia

pharmacopée
Meaning
An official book listing medicinal drugs, their effects, and directions for use.
Example
The doctor referred to the pharmacopoeia to check the drug's proper dosage.
Le médecin a consulté la pharmacopée pour vérifier la dose correcte du médicament.
C2 noun /kɒŋk/

Conck

conque
Meaning
a shell, especially a large spiral one used as a horn or for decoration
Example
The priest blew the conch shell to signal the start of the ceremony.
Le prêtre a soufflé dans la coquille de conque pour signaler le début de la cérémonie.
A2 noun /smɔːl boʊl/

Small bowl

petit bol
Meaning
a round, shallow container of small size used for serving food or liquids
Example
She served the soup in a small bowl.
Elle a servi la soupe dans un petit bol.
C1 verb, noun /spraʊt/

sprout

germer
Meaning
to begin to grow; to produce new leaves or shoots
Example
The seeds began to sprout after a few days of rain.
Les graines ont commencé à germer après quelques jours de pluie.
B2 verb/noun /buː/

boo

cri de désapprobation/son de mise en garde
Meaning
To show disapproval by shouting 'boo'; or a sound made to surprise or scare.
Example
The audience began to boo the bad performance.
Le public a commencé à huer la mauvaise performance.
A2 adjective /ɡlæd/

Glad

content; heureux; ravi;
Meaning
happy; pleased; delighted;
Example
I am glad to see you after such a long time.
Je suis content de te voir après tout ce temps.
B2 noun /vɜːrdʒ/

Verge

bord; limite; seuil
Meaning
the edge or border of something; very close to happening
Example
She was on the verge of tears.
Elle était sur le point de pleurer.
C1 noun /ˈʌndərˌteɪkər/

undertaker

employé des pompes funèbres
Meaning
A person whose job is to prepare the dead for burial and arrange funerals.
Example
The undertaker prepared the body for the funeral service.
L'employé des pompes funèbres a préparé le corps pour le service funéraire.
A2 noun/verb /ˈsiːzən/

season

saison / assaisonner
Meaning
One of the four periods of the year characterized by specific weather conditions; also, to add flavor to food.
Example
Spring is my favorite season of the year.
Le printemps est ma saison préférée de l'année.
C1 noun /ˈvenɪsən/

Venison

viande de cerf
Meaning
meat from a deer used as food
Example
The restaurant serves delicious venison steaks.
Le restaurant sert de délicieux steaks de venaison.
C2 noun /kɒnˌtek.stʃu.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

contextualization

contextualisation
Meaning
The process of placing something in its proper context or setting to understand it better.
Example
Contextualization of historical events helps students understand them better.
La contextualisation des événements historiques aide les étudiants à mieux les comprendre.
B1 noun /ˈmoʊ.ʃən/

Motion

mouvement; action de se déplacer
Meaning
the action of moving or being moved; a formal proposal
Example
The car was in constant motion during the journey.
La voiture était en mouvement constant pendant le voyage.
B2 noun ˈdʒes.tʃərz

gestures

gestes
Meaning
Body movements, especially of hands, face, or body when speaking.
Example
Effective gestures add emphasis to a speech.
Les gestes efficaces ajoutent de l'emphase à un discours.
C1 noun /ˌɛksɛnˈtrɪsəti/

eccentricity

excentricité
Meaning
the quality of being unconventional or slightly strange
Example
His eccentricity made him both admired and misunderstood.
Son excentricité a fait de lui une personne à la fois admirée et incomprise.
C1 adjective /ˌmaɪ.krəˈskɑː.pɪk/

microscopic

microscopique
Meaning
Extremely small and only visible with a microscope.
Example
The sample contained microscopic particles.
L'échantillon contenait des particules microscopiques.
C1 adjective /ˈfɔːrsəbl/

forcible

forcé
Meaning
Done by force; using physical strength or power.
Example
The police made a forcible entry into the house.
La police a fait une entrée forcée dans la maison.
C2 adjective /ˈwɪzn feɪst/

wizen-faced

visage ridé et fané
Meaning
Having a dry, wrinkled, and withered face.
Example
A wizen-faced old man sat quietly in the corner.
Un vieil homme au visage ridé et fané était assis tranquillement dans le coin.
C1 adjective /ˈdʒen.ɪ.təl/

genital

relatif aux organes reproducteurs
Meaning
relating to the reproductive organs
Example
The doctor explained the importance of genital hygiene.
Le médecin a expliqué l'importance de l'hygiène génitale.
A2 noun /koʊtʃ/

coach

entraîneur
Meaning
A person who helps improve others' skills or knowledge.
Example
The football coach motivated his team before the match.
L'entraîneur de football a motivé son équipe avant le match.
A2 verb /kəmˈper/

compare

comparer
Meaning
to examine similarities and differences between things
Example
I will compare these two products before buying.
Je vais comparer ces deux produits avant d'acheter.
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

constrict
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
Le serpent a contracté sa proie avant de l'avaler.
B2 noun /ˈfrɛʃnəs/

freshness

fraîcheur
Meaning
The quality of being new, clean, and full of energy.
Example
The freshness of the morning air made everyone feel alive.
La fraîcheur de l'air du matin a fait en sorte que tout le monde se sente vivant.
B2 noun /ˈreɪ.zən/

Raisin

raisin sec
Meaning
dried grape
Example
She added raisins to the oatmeal cookies for extra sweetness.
Elle a ajouté des raisins secs aux biscuits à l'avoine pour plus de douceur.
C2 noun /kəˈtæb.ə.lɪ.zəm/

catabolism

catabolisme
Meaning
The breakdown of complex molecules in living organisms to form simpler ones together with the release of energy; destructive metabolism.
Example
Catabolism plays a crucial role in cellular energy production.
Le catabolisme joue un rôle crucial dans la production d'énergie cellulaire.
C1 adjective /ˈprɪnsəpəld/

principled

intègre
Meaning
acting in accordance with moral or ethical standards
Example
He is a principled leader who always puts honesty first.
C'est un leader intègre qui met toujours l'honnêteté en premier.
C1 adjective /ˌaɪ.di.əˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/

ideological

idéologique
Meaning
Relating to or based on a system of ideas or beliefs.
Example
The two parties are divided by deep ideological differences.
Les deux partis sont divisés par de profondes divergences idéologiques.
C1 noun /ˈdrʌdʒəri/

drudgery

travail pénible et monotone
Meaning
Hard, menial, or dull work.
Example
She wanted to escape the drudgery of her daily routine.
Elle voulait échapper à la routine monotone de sa journée.
B2 noun /ˈkæməˌflɑːʒ/

camouflage

camouflage
Meaning
the act of hiding or disguising something by making it blend with its surroundings
Example
The soldiers used camouflage to hide from the enemy.
Les soldats ont utilisé le camouflage pour se cacher de l'ennemi.
C1 noun /əˈtrɑːsəti/

atrocity

atrocité
Meaning
an extremely cruel or violent act, often involving physical violence
Example
The world condemned the atrocity committed against civilians.
Le monde a condamné l'atrocité commise contre les civils.
C2 noun /drɒs/

dross

dross
Meaning
worthless or unwanted material; rubbish or impurities
Example
Most of his early writings were considered dross.
La plupart de ses premiers écrits étaient considérés comme de la dross.
C2 noun ˌkɒdʒɪˈteɪʃən

cogitation

réflexion, méditation
Meaning
The action of thinking deeply about something; contemplation
Example
After much cogitation, he made the final decision.
Après beaucoup de réflexion, il prit la décision finale.
C1 adjective /ˌsekənd ˈreɪt/

second-rate

de seconde zone
Meaning
Of mediocre or inferior quality.
Example
The movie was entertaining but clearly second-rate compared to the original.
Le film était divertissant mais clairement de seconde zone comparé à l'original.
C1 noun /ɡruːv/

groove

rainure / rythme
Meaning
a long narrow cut or depression, or a rhythmic pattern in music
Example
The DJ kept the crowd dancing to the groove.
Le DJ a fait danser la foule sur le groove.
B1 adjective /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒd/

Engaged

occupé; impliqué; fiancé
Meaning
busy; occupied; involved in activity; betrothed
Example
He is engaged in important research work.
Il est occupé dans une recherche importante.
B1 verb /ɪnˈtend/

intend

avoir l'intention
Meaning
to plan or have in mind as a purpose; to mean
Example
I intend to finish this project by tomorrow.
J'ai l'intention de finir ce projet d'ici demain.
B1 noun /ˈwæɡən/

wagon

chariot
Meaning
a vehicle with four wheels used for carrying loads, often pulled by horses or a motor vehicle used for transporting goods or people
Example
The farmer loaded hay onto the wagon.
Le fermier a chargé du foin dans le chariot.
C2 noun /ˌtɛliˈɒlədʒi/

teleology

téléologie
Meaning
the explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than by cause
Example
Aristotle is often associated with the concept of teleology in philosophy.
Aristote est souvent associé au concept de téléologie en philosophie.
B2 noun /kɒt/

Cot

Lit de bébé
Meaning
a small bed, especially a portable one or one for a baby
Example
The baby sleeps peacefully in her cot.
Le bébé dort paisiblement dans son lit de bébé.
B2 adjective /dɪˈstɜː.bɪŋ/

disturbing

perturbant
Meaning
causing anxiety, worry, or emotional distress
Example
The news about the accident was deeply disturbing.
Les nouvelles de l'accident étaient profondément perturbantes.
A2 adjective /ˈsɪr.i.əs/

Serious

sérieux; grave; important;
Meaning
thoughtful; grave; requiring careful consideration; not joking
Example
This is a serious matter that needs immediate attention.
C'est une question sérieuse qui nécessite une attention immédiate.
C1 noun /ˈɛspiənɑːʒ/

espionage

espionnage
Meaning
The practice of spying or using spies to gather secret information, usually for political or military purposes.
Example
The agent was arrested on charges of espionage against the state.
L'agent a été arrêté sous des accusations d'espionnage contre l'état.
C2 verb /ˈnuːkliˌeɪt/

nucleate

nucléaire
Meaning
to form into a nucleus or bring together into a central part
Example
The droplets began to nucleate around tiny particles in the air.
Les gouttes ont commencé à se nucléer autour des petites particules dans l'air.
B2 noun /ˈstɔːrɪdʒ/

storage

stockage
Meaning
the action or method of storing something for future use
Example
The warehouse offers plenty of storage space.
L'entrepôt offre beaucoup d'espace de stockage.
B2 noun /ˈɔːɡən/

organ

organe
Meaning
a part of the body that performs a specific function
Example
The heart is an important organ in the human body.
Le cœur est un organe important dans le corps humain.
B2 noun /ˈrɛnəˌsɑːns/

renaissance

renaissance
Meaning
a revival of art, culture, or learning; a period of renewed interest and growth
Example
The city experienced a cultural renaissance during the 1990s.
La ville a connu un renouveau culturel dans les années 90.
B2 adverb /ˈʌltəmətli/

ultimately

finalement
Meaning
in the end, after everything else
Example
Ultimately, we decided to go ahead with the project.
Finalement, nous avons décidé de poursuivre le projet.
C1 noun /ˌmɒd.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən/

modulation

contrôle de la voix
Meaning
The process of varying or controlling something.
Example
Proper modulation of voice enhances communication skills.
Une bonne modulation de la voix améliore les compétences en communication.
C1 adjective /məˈtɜːrnəl/

Maternal

maternel
Meaning
relating to a mother; motherly
Example
She showed maternal care towards the orphan child.
Elle a montré des soins maternels envers l'enfant orphelin.
A2 noun ˈefərts

efforts

effort
Meaning
A vigorous or determined attempt; physical or mental energy
Example
Your efforts determine your success.
Vos efforts déterminent votre succès.
C1 noun /ˈtʃɪz.əl/

Chisel

ciseau
Meaning
a tool with a sharp flat edge used for cutting or shaping wood, stone, or metal
Example
The carpenter used a chisel to carve the wood.
Le charpentier a utilisé un ciseau pour sculpter le bois.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈsɛndiˌɛri/

incendiary

incendiaire / provocateur
Meaning
designed to cause fires or stir up conflict
Example
The politician’s incendiary remarks angered the crowd.
Les remarques incendiaires du politicien ont mis en colère la foule.
B2 adjective /bɪˈlʌvɪd/

beloved

bien-aimé
Meaning
dearly loved, highly regarded
Example
She was the beloved queen of the kingdom.
Elle était la reine bien-aimée du royaume.
C1 adjective ˈkrɪp.tɪk

cryptic

cryptique, énigmatique, obscure
Meaning
Having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure; difficult to understand.
Example
The message was cryptic and hard to decipher.
Le message était cryptique et difficile à déchiffrer.
A2 adjective /ˈsɪmələr/

Similar

semblable; ayant des caractéristiques communes
Meaning
alike; having characteristics in common
Example
The two sisters have similar interests in music.
Les deux sœurs ont des intérêts similaires en musique.
B2 noun /ˌɑb.zɚˈveɪ.ʃən/

Observation

observation
Meaning
the action of watching something carefully; a comment or remark
Example
The scientist made careful observations of the experiment.
Le scientifique a fait des observations minutieuses de l'expérience.
C1 noun /ˌmiːdɪˈeɪʃən/

mediation

médiation
Meaning
Intervention between parties to promote reconciliation, settlement, or compromise.
Example
The mediation helped resolve the conflict between the two teams.
La médiation a aidé à résoudre le conflit entre les deux équipes.
B2 verb /ɪnˈsʌlt/

insult

insulter
Meaning
to speak or act in a way that hurts someone's feelings or shows disrespect
Example
He felt insulted by her rude comments.
Il s'est senti insulté par ses commentaires impolis.
C1 noun /ˈliːvˌteɪ.kɪŋ/

leave-taking

adieu
Meaning
an act of saying goodbye; farewell
Example
His leave-taking from his friends was emotional.
Son adieu à ses amis était émotionnel.
B2 noun /ˈzɪɡzæɡ/

Zigzag

un chemin ou une ligne ayant des virages brusques alternés à droite et à gauche; un motif de virages aigus
Meaning
a line or course having abrupt alternate right and left turns; a pattern of sharp turns
Example
The road follows a zigzag pattern up the mountain.
La route suit un motif en zigzag jusqu'à la montagne.
C2 noun /ˈhæknɪ/

hackney

cheval de location, usé
Meaning
a horse kept for ordinary riding or hire; also used for something overused or trite
Example
The old hackney was still pulling the carriage.
Le vieux cheval de location tirait encore la carriole.
C2 noun /ruːd/

rood

croix
Meaning
a crucifix, especially one positioned above the entrance to the chancel of a church
Example
The old church displayed a carved rood above the altar.
L'ancien église affichait une croix sculptée au-dessus de l'autel.
C1 verb ˈhɪndər

hinder

entraver
Meaning
To obstruct or delay the progress of something
Example
Excessive rain hinders vegetable growth.
La pluie excessive entrave la croissance des légumes.
C2 verb /ˌsuːpərˈhiːt/

superheat

surchauffer
Meaning
to heat a substance beyond its normal boiling point without it becoming vapor
Example
Engineers superheat the steam to increase the efficiency of the turbine.
Les ingénieurs surchauffent la vapeur pour augmenter l'efficacité de la turbine.
B2 noun ˈdɪdʒɪtəl ˈfɔːrmæt

Digital Format

format numérique
Meaning
A format in which information is stored as electronic data.
Example
A digital format family tree can be shared online.
Un arbre généalogique en format numérique peut être partagé en ligne.
B2 verb /ˌriːəˈʃʊr/

reassure

rassurer
Meaning
to say or do something to remove someone's doubts or fears
Example
The teacher reassured the students before the exam.
L'enseignant a rassuré les élèves avant l'examen.
C2 verb /ɪsˈtʃuː/

eschew

éviter
Meaning
to deliberately avoid or abstain from something
Example
She chose to eschew junk food for a healthier diet.
Elle a choisi d'éviter la malbouffe pour un régime plus sain.
A1 noun /speɪs/

space

espace
Meaning
The dimensions of height, depth, and width within which all things exist and move.
Example
Space exploration expands human knowledge.
L'exploration de l'espace élargit les connaissances humaines.
C2 noun /ˌθiːəˈloʊdʒən/

theologian

théologien
Meaning
A person who studies or is an expert in theology.
Example
Theologians often debate complex questions of faith and morality.
Les théologiens débattent souvent de questions complexes de foi et de moralité.
B1 noun /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃən/

application

demande / application / logiciel
Meaning
a formal request for something; the act of putting something into operation; or a software program
Example
She submitted her application for the scholarship.
Elle a soumis sa demande pour la bourse.
C1 verb /skɒf/

scoff

se moquer
Meaning
to speak about something in a mocking or dismissive way
Example
He scoffed at the idea of moving abroad.
Il s'est moqué de l'idée de déménager à l'étranger.
A1 pronoun /aʊər/

our

notre
Meaning
belonging to or associated with the speaker and one or more other people
Example
This is our house.
C'est notre maison.
B2 verb /ˈmɑːdərət/

moderate

modéré
Meaning
to make less extreme or intense; to control or preside over
Example
She moderated the heated debate between the candidates.
Elle a modéré le débat animé entre les candidats.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

incompatibility

incompatibilité
Meaning
the state of being unable to exist or work together harmoniously; lack of compatibility
Example
The project failed because of incompatibility between the two software systems.
Le projet a échoué à cause de l’incompatibilité entre les deux systèmes logiciels.
C1 noun /ˈɪrˌplʌɡ/

earplug

bouchon d'oreille
Meaning
a device inserted into the ear to block out noise or water
Example
He wore earplugs to sleep during the noisy night.
Il portait des bouchons d'oreilles pour dormir pendant la nuit bruyante.
C1 noun /stɪˈlɛtoʊ/

stiletto

chaussure à talon aigu / poignard
Meaning
A small, thin, high-heeled shoe or a dagger with a slender blade.
Example
She wore elegant stiletto heels to the party.
Elle portait des talons stiletto élégants à la fête.
C2 adverb /ˌsʌb ˈroʊzə/

sub rosa

en secret
Meaning
secretly, in confidence, or in private
Example
The deal was made sub rosa to avoid public scrutiny.
L'accord a été fait sub rosa pour éviter le contrôle public.
C2 noun /ˈbrɪk ə ˌbræk/

bric-a-brac

objets décoratifs
Meaning
Small decorative objects or ornaments, often of little value.
Example
The shelves were filled with old bric-a-brac from her travels.
Les étagères étaient remplies de vieux objets décoratifs de ses voyages.
C2 noun /ˈsʌplɪkənt/

supplicant

suppliant
Meaning
A person who humbly or earnestly asks for something, usually from a person of authority.
Example
The temple was filled with supplicants seeking blessings.
Le temple était rempli de suppliants cherchant des bénédictions.
C1 noun /dɪˈkɔː.rəm/

Decorum

décorum; bienséance; dignité
Meaning
behavior in keeping with good taste and propriety; dignified and appropriate conduct
Example
The diplomat maintained perfect decorum throughout the heated negotiations.
Le diplomate a maintenu un décorum parfait tout au long des négociations animées.
B2 noun /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃən/

accusation

accusation
Meaning
A statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal.
Example
She made an accusation of theft against her colleague.
Elle a fait une accusation de vol contre son collègue.