development
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A2 noun dɪˈveləpmənt

development

développement
Meaning
The process of developing or being developed; growth or progress.
Example
Development of Bengali society was hindered.
Le développement de la société bengali a été entravé.
A2 noun /ˈæk.ʃən/

Action

action; tâche
Meaning
the process of doing something; something that is done
Example
We need to take action to solve this problem.
Nous devons agir pour résoudre ce problème.
B2 noun /prækˈtɪʃ.ən.ər/

practitioner

praticien
Meaning
a person actively engaged in a profession, especially medicine or law
Example
She is a skilled medical practitioner.
Elle est une praticienne médicale qualifiée.
C2 noun /ˈɒlɪv bɑːb/

Olive barb

barbe olive
Meaning
A small freshwater fish with olive-colored body and barbels
Example
The olive barb is commonly found in South Asian rivers.
La barbe olive se trouve couramment dans les rivières d’Asie du Sud.
C1 noun /ˈfæk.ʃən/

Faction

faction
Meaning
a small organized dissenting group within a larger one
Example
Different factions within the party disagreed about the new policy.
Différentes factions au sein du parti étaient en désaccord sur la nouvelle politique.
C1 adjective /ˈfiːzəbl/

feasible

réalisable
Meaning
possible to do easily or conveniently; practical and workable
Example
It is feasible to complete the project within two months.
Il est réalisable de terminer le projet en deux mois.
C1 adjective /ˈpaɪ.əs/

Pious

pieux
Meaning
devoutly religious; showing reverence for God
Example
The pious monk spent hours in prayer every day.
Le moine pieux passait des heures en prière chaque jour.
A2 adverb /ˈdʒɛnərəli/

generally

généralement
Meaning
in most cases; usually; as a rule
Example
He generally arrives at work before 9 a.m.
Il arrive généralement au travail avant 9 h.
C1 adjective /dɪˈspɒndənt/

despondent

désespéré
Meaning
feeling or showing deep hopelessness or discouragement
Example
She felt despondent after losing her job.
Elle s'est sentie désespérée après avoir perdu son travail.
A2 noun /blʌd/

Blood

sang
Meaning
the red liquid that circulates in the arteries and veins of humans and animals, carrying oxygen to and carbon dioxide from the tissues of the body
Example
The doctor took a blood sample for testing.
Le médecin a pris un échantillon de sang pour des tests.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljənt/

Valiant

vaillant; héroïque
Meaning
showing courage or determination; brave and heroic
Example
The valiant soldier fought bravely to protect his country.
Le vaillant soldat s'est battu courageusement pour protéger son pays.
C1 adjective /ˈsiː.naɪl/

senile

faiblesse liée à la vieillesse
Meaning
Showing the weaknesses of old age, especially mental decline.
Example
The old man became senile and forgot familiar faces.
Le vieil homme est devenu sénile et a oublié des visages familiers.
B2 verb aɪˈdɛntɪfaɪd

identified

identifié
Meaning
To recognize or establish who or what someone or something is.
Example
The root causes of the issue need to be identified.
Les causes profondes du problème doivent être identifiées.
C1 verb /ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/

victimize

victimiser
Meaning
To make someone a victim, often by treating them unfairly or cruelly.
Example
The corrupt officials victimized the poor villagers.
Les fonctionnaires corrompus ont victimisé les pauvres villageois.
C2 adjective /spraɪ/

spry

dynamique
Meaning
active and lively, especially in old age
Example
The spry grandmother surprised everyone with her quick dance steps.
La grand-mère dynamique a surpris tout le monde avec ses pas de danse rapides.
C2 noun /ˈprɑːflɪɡəsi/

profligacy

dépense excessive
Meaning
reckless wastefulness or extravagance
Example
His profligacy with money led him to bankruptcy.
Sa dépense excessive l'a conduit à la faillite.
C1 adjective /ˈwaɪəri/

wiry

svelte, fort et résistant
Meaning
Lean, tough, and strong, often with sinewy muscles.
Example
The wiry athlete moved with remarkable speed and agility.
L'athlète svelte se déplaçait avec une rapidité et une agilité remarquables.
C2 adjective /ˈnaɪt.li/

Knightly

chevaleresque; noble et courageux
Meaning
having the characteristics of a knight; chivalrous; noble and brave
Example
He showed knightly courage in defending the innocent.
Il a montré un courage chevaleresque en défendant les innocents.
B1 adjective /rɪˈpiː.tɪd/

Repeated

répété; qui se produit plusieurs fois
Meaning
done again; happening again; occurring multiple times
Example
He made repeated attempts to contact her.
Il a fait des tentatives répétées pour la contacter.
C1 noun /ˈstɪklər/

stickler

personne exigeante sur les règles
Meaning
a person who insists on a certain quality or standard of behavior
Example
He is a stickler for punctuality and never tolerates delays.
Il est très strict sur la ponctualité et ne tolère pas les retards.
B2 noun ˈmɑːr.kɪt ɪˈkɒn.ə.mi

market economy

économie de marché
Meaning
An economic system where production and pricing decisions are controlled by individuals and based on supply and demand.
Example
A market economy allows businesses to compete freely.
Une économie de marché permet aux entreprises de concurrencer librement.
B1 verb /prəˈmoʊt/

promote

promouvoir
Meaning
to help something develop or increase; to advance someone to a higher position
Example
The company promotes environmental awareness.
L'entreprise promeut la sensibilisation à l'environnement.
B1 noun /tuː θɜːrdz/

two-thirds

deux tiers
Meaning
a fraction equal to two parts of three; 2/3.
Example
Two-thirds of the students passed the exam.
Deux tiers des étudiants ont réussi l'examen.
C2 adjective /kənˌtɛmpəˈreɪniəs/

contemporaneous

contemporané
Meaning
existing, happening, or occurring at the same time
Example
The two artists were contemporaneous and often influenced each other.
Les deux artistes étaient contemporains et se sont souvent influencés mutuellement.
C2 noun /traɪst/

tryst

rendez-vous secret
Meaning
a private romantic meeting between lovers
Example
They arranged a secret tryst in the park.
Ils ont organisé un rendez-vous secret dans le parc.
B2 adjective /ˈklɪn.ɪ.kəl/

clinical

clinique
Meaning
Related to the observation and treatment of patients rather than theoretical study.
Example
The doctor conducted a clinical examination.
Le médecin a effectué un examen clinique.
C2 adjective /kənˈtraɪt/

contrite

contrit
Meaning
feeling or showing remorse or guilt
Example
She was contrite after realizing her mistake.
Elle était contrite après avoir réalisé son erreur.
C2 noun /ˈneɪdɪər/

nadir

le nadir
Meaning
The lowest point of a situation or condition.
Example
The company reached its nadir during the financial crisis.
L'entreprise a atteint son nadir pendant la crise financière.
C2 adjective /prəˈhɪbɪtɔːri/

prohibitory

interdisant
Meaning
Serving or tending to prohibit or forbid.
Example
The prohibitory laws were strictly enforced in the region.
Les lois interdisant ont été strictement appliquées dans la région.
C2 noun /ˈpærəmʊr/

paramour

amant
Meaning
a lover, especially an illicit one
Example
The secret paramour was finally revealed.
L'amant secret a finalement été révélé.
B2 adjective /ʌnˈrɪəl/

unreal

irréel
Meaning
not real or not based on reality; exaggerated or imaginary
Example
The experience felt unreal after the sudden news.
L’expérience semblait irréelle après la nouvelle soudaine.
A2 noun/adjective /ˈfiːmeɪl/

female

femelle
Meaning
a person or animal of the sex that can bear offspring; relating to women or girls
Example
The female lion protects her cubs fiercely.
La lionne femelle protège férocement ses petits.
A2 noun /ˈnɒl.ɪdʒ/

knowledge

connaissance
Meaning
Facts, information, and skills acquired through experience or education.
Example
Knowledge of the universe is expanding through research.
La connaissance de l'univers s'étend grâce à la recherche.
B1 noun /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/

replacement

remplacement
Meaning
the act of substituting one thing or person for another
Example
She got a replacement for her damaged phone.
Elle a obtenu un remplacement pour son téléphone endommagé.
C2 adjective /ˈkæp.ʃəs/

Captious

captieux; critique
Meaning
tending to find fault or raise petty objections; fault-finding; critical
Example
His captious remarks about every small detail made the meeting very unpleasant.
Ses remarques captieuses sur chaque petit détail ont rendu la réunion très désagréable.
C1 noun /ˈdɒɡmə/

dogma

dogme
Meaning
A principle or set of principles laid down by an authority as incontrovertibly true.
Example
The religious leader strictly adhered to traditional dogma.
Le leader religieux s'est strictement conformé au dogme traditionnel.
C1 noun /lɔnˈdʒɛvəti/

longevity

longévité
Meaning
Long life or long existence of something.
Example
Good habits contribute to health and longevity.
Les bonnes habitudes contribuent à la santé et à la longévité.
C2 noun /ˌdʒiːniˈælədʒɪst/

genealogist

généalogiste
Meaning
A person who studies or traces the history of families and their lineages.
Example
The genealogist uncovered records dating back to the 18th century.
Le généalogiste a découvert des archives datant du XVIIIe siècle.
C1 noun /pəˈlɪɡ.ə.mi/

Polygamy

polygamie
Meaning
the practice of marrying multiple spouses at the same time
Example
Polygamy is illegal in many countries around the world.
La polygamie est illégale dans de nombreux pays à travers le monde.
B2 verb /əˈplɔːd/

applaud

applaudir
Meaning
to show approval by clapping or expressing admiration
Example
The audience applauded the performance.
Le public a applaudi la performance.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡlɒt/

polyglot

polyglotte
Meaning
a person who knows and can use several languages
Example
She is a polyglot, fluent in English, Spanish, and Bengali.
Elle est polyglotte, parlant couramment l'anglais, l'espagnol et le bengali.
C2 adjective /ˈruːnɪk/

runic

relatif aux runes
Meaning
relating to or consisting of runes; mysterious or magical
Example
The old stone had strange runic carvings on it.
La vieille pierre avait des gravures runiques étranges.
C1 verb /ˈdɛsɪmeɪt/

decimate

détruire
Meaning
To destroy or kill a large proportion of something.
Example
The wildfire decimated the forest.
L'incendie a ravagé la forêt.
C1 noun /ˈpæstər/

pastor

pasteur
Meaning
a minister in charge of a Christian church or congregation
Example
The pastor delivered a heartfelt sermon on compassion.
Le pasteur a prononcé un sermon plein de compassion.
A2 noun/adjective /ˈekspɜːt/

expert

expert
Meaning
a person who has a lot of knowledge or skill in a particular area
Example
He is an expert in computer programming.
Il est un expert en programmation informatique.
B2 verb /ʃriːk/

shriek

crier
Meaning
to make a loud, high-pitched cry
Example
She shrieked when she saw the spider.
Elle a crié quand elle a vu l'araignée.
C1 noun /ˌɪrɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/

irresponsibility

irresponsabilité
Meaning
lack of responsibility or accountability; failure to act in a reliable or sensible way
Example
The accident was caused by his irresponsibility at work.
L'accident a été causé par son irresponsabilité au travail.
B1 noun /ˈsæm.pəl/

Sample

échantillon
Meaning
a small part taken as an example of the whole; a specimen
Example
The doctor took a blood sample for testing.
Le médecin a pris un échantillon de sang pour les tests.
A2 adverb /ˈlaʊdli/

loudly

bruyamment
Meaning
in a way that produces a lot of sound; with a high volume
Example
He spoke loudly so everyone in the room could hear him.
Il a parlé bruyamment pour que tout le monde l'entende.
B2 noun /ˈtraɪ.əl/

Trial

procès; essai
Meaning
a formal examination of evidence in a court; a test of performance or quality
Example
The murder trial lasted for three weeks in the county courthouse.
Le procès pour meurtre a duré trois semaines au tribunal du comté.
B2 verb/adjective /ɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/

articulate

articuler
Meaning
to express thoughts or ideas clearly; having the ability to speak fluently and clearly
Example
She was able to articulate her ideas during the meeting.
Elle a pu articuler ses idées pendant la réunion.
C2 noun /ˌpætrəˈnɪmɪk/

patronymic

patronymique
Meaning
a name derived from the name of a father or ancestor
Example
In many cultures, surnames are patronymic in origin.
Dans de nombreuses cultures, les noms de famille sont d'origine patronymique.
C1 verb /ɪnˈlaɪvən/

enliven

animer
Meaning
to make something more lively, interesting, or cheerful
Example
Her jokes helped enliven the dull meeting.
Ses blagues ont aidé à animer la réunion ennuyeuse.
C1 noun /nɑːrˈkɒtɪk/

narcotic

narcotique
Meaning
A drug that dulls the senses and relieves pain, often causing sleep and sometimes addiction.
Example
The police seized a large amount of narcotic substances.
La police a saisi une grande quantité de substances narcotiques.
B2 adverb /ˈmɪzərəbli/

Miserably

miserablement
Meaning
in a wretched or unhappy manner; extremely badly
Example
The team performed miserably in the championship.
L'équipe a joué misérablement dans le championnat.
C2 adjective /ˈdɪlətɔːri/

dilatory

dilatoire
Meaning
Tending to cause delay; slow to act.
Example
The committee was criticized for its dilatory response to the crisis.
Le comité a été critiqué pour sa réponse dilatoire à la crise.
C1 verb /ˈpʌlseɪt/

pulsate

pulsar
Meaning
to expand and contract rhythmically; to throb or beat
Example
The neon lights pulsated with a steady rhythm.
Les lumières au néon pulsaient avec un rythme constant.
B1 adverb /ˈkɒmənli/

commonly

commumément
Meaning
usually or by most people
Example
This phrase is commonly used in everyday speech.
Cette phrase est communément utilisée dans le langage quotidien.
B2 adjective /ˈprɛf(ə)rəb(ə)l/

preferable

préférable
Meaning
more desirable or suitable; better than something else
Example
It is preferable to take the train rather than drive in heavy traffic.
Il est préférable de prendre le train plutôt que de conduire dans le trafic dense.
C1 noun /ˈɔr.ə.tər/

Orator

orateur
Meaning
a public speaker, especially one who is eloquent or skilled in speaking
Example
The famous orator delivered an inspiring speech.
Le célèbre orateur a prononcé un discours inspirant.
A2 adjective /waɪld/

Wild

sauvage; indompté
Meaning
living in natural conditions; not domesticated or cultivated; uncontrolled
Example
We saw wild animals in the forest.
Nous avons vu des animaux sauvages dans la forêt.
C2 adjective /spɪk/

Spick

extrêmement propre et ordonné; immaculé
Meaning
extremely clean and neat; immaculate
Example
The house was spick and span after the cleaning.
La maison était parfaitement propre et ordonnée après le nettoyage.
A2 adjective /ˈfɔːrməl/

formal

formel
Meaning
done in accordance with rules of convention or etiquette; official or serious in nature
Example
He wore a formal suit to the wedding.
Il portait un costume formel au mariage.
A2 noun /toʊ/

Toe

orteil
Meaning
any of the five digits at the end of the human foot
Example
She stubbed her toe on the chair leg.
Elle s'est cognée le orteil contre la patte de la chaise.
C2 adjective /pruːˈdɛnʃəl/

prudential

prudentiel
Meaning
involving or showing prudence, especially in financial or business matters
Example
The bank has set prudential rules to protect depositors.
La banque a mis en place des règles prudentielles pour protéger les déposants.
C2 verb /ˈɪmprɪkeɪt/

imprecate

imprécation
Meaning
To utter a curse or invoke evil upon someone.
Example
The old woman imprecated her enemies with dark words.
La vieille femme a impréqué ses ennemis avec des mots sombres.
B2 verb /rɪˈsaɪt/

recite

réciter
Meaning
To say aloud something learned, especially poetry or text, from memory.
Example
The child recited a poem in front of the class.
L'enfant a récité un poème devant la classe.
C2 verb /ˈlɔɪtər/

loiter

traîner, rester sans but
Meaning
To stand or wait around idly without apparent purpose.
Example
The teenagers were told not to loiter outside the shop.
Les adolescents ont été interdits de traîner devant le magasin.
C2 adjective /dɪˈsɛnʃənt/

dissentient

dissident
Meaning
Expressing or holding opinions that are opposed to the majority or official view.
Example
Only a few dissentient voices were heard during the debate.
Seules quelques voix dissidentes ont été entendues lors du débat.
B1 verb /ˈbɔːrdɪŋ/

boarding

embarquement
Meaning
Getting on or into a ship, aircraft, or other vehicle.
Example
The explorers were boarding the ship at the port.
Les explorateurs embarquaient sur le navire au port.
C2 adjective /ˈtɔːrʃəs/

tortious

acte illicite
Meaning
Relating to or involving a wrongful act leading to legal liability.
Example
The company was found guilty of tortious interference with contracts.
L'entreprise a été reconnue coupable d'interférence illicite avec les contrats.
C2 noun /ˈɪnsələns/

insolence

insolence
Meaning
rude or disrespectful behavior
Example
The teacher was shocked by the student's insolence.
L'enseignant a été choqué par l'insolence de l'élève.
A2 phrasal verb /lʊk ˈɑːftər/

look after

s'occuper de
Meaning
to take care of someone or something; to be responsible for someone’s well-being
Example
She looks after her younger brother while their parents are at work.
Elle s'occupe de son frère cadet pendant que leurs parents travaillent.
B2 noun oʊˈbiː.sə.t̬i

obesity

obésité
Meaning
The condition of being grossly fat or overweight.
Example
Obesity increases the risk of diabetes and heart disease.
L'obésité augmente le risque de diabète et de maladies cardiaques.
A2 noun /ɡlʌv/

glove

gant
Meaning
A covering for the hand with separate parts for the fingers and thumb.
Example
She wore gloves to protect her hands from the cold.
Elle a porté des gants pour protéger ses mains du froid.
B2 verb /dɪsˈkloʊz/

disclose

divulguer
Meaning
to reveal or make information known; to expose
Example
The company must disclose all financial information.
L'entreprise doit divulguer toutes les informations financières.
B1 adjective /ˌʌnˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

uninteresting

ennuyeux
Meaning
not holding attention or curiosity; boring
Example
The lecture was uninteresting and difficult to stay focused on.
La conférence était ennuyeuse et difficile à suivre.
B1 noun /ˌɒp.əˈtjuː.nə.ti/

opportunity

opportunité
Meaning
A favorable chance or set of circumstances that makes it possible to do something.
Example
She seized the opportunity to study abroad.
Elle a saisi l'opportunité d'étudier à l'étranger.
C1 adjective ˈkʌm.bə.səm

cumbersome

lourd, encombrant, difficile à manipuler
Meaning
Heavy, unwieldy, difficult to handle or carry.
Example
The cumbersome luggage slowed him down.
Les bagages encombrants l'ont ralenti.
C2 adjective /ˈflʌməksd/

flummoxed

déconcerté
Meaning
Completely confused or bewildered.
Example
He looked flummoxed after hearing the strange question.
Il avait l'air déconcerté après avoir entendu la question étrange.
B2 noun /ˈpɪt.ʃər/

Pitcher

cruche, pichet
Meaning
a large container with a handle and spout used for storing and pouring liquids
Example
The water pitcher on the table was filled with ice-cold lemonade.
Le pichet d'eau sur la table était rempli de limonade glacée.
A1 interjection /oʊ/

oh

Oh
Meaning
used to express surprise, realization, or understanding
Example
Oh, I didn't know you were here!
Oh, je ne savais pas que tu étais ici !
C2 noun /ˈɒlɪv brɑːntʃ/

olive-branch

branche d'olivier
Meaning
A symbol of peace or reconciliation; an offer to end conflict.
Example
He extended an olive-branch to his rival after years of hostility.
Il a tendu une branche d'olivier à son rival après des années d'hostilité.
C2 verb /ˈmɪlɪˌteɪt/

militate

entraver
Meaning
to have a strong effect against something; to work as a powerful factor in preventing or influencing an outcome
Example
His lack of experience will militate against his promotion.
Son manque d'expérience nuira à sa promotion.
C2 noun /sɒl/

sol

sol (cinquième note de l'échelle musicale)
Meaning
The fifth note of the sol-fa musical scale (do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, ti); also the Latin word for sun
Example
The choir practiced singing the note sol during rehearsal.
Le chœur a pratiqué en chantant la note sol pendant les répétitions.
C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

croiser
Meaning
to cross or pass through each other
Example
The two roads intersect at the city center.
Les deux routes se croisent au centre-ville.
B2 noun /ˈkɑn.ʃəns/

Conscience

conscience, morale, sens du bien et du mal
Meaning
an inner feeling or voice viewed as acting as a guide to the rightness or wrongness of one's behavior
Example
His conscience prevented him from lying to his parents about his grades.
Sa conscience l'empêchait de mentir à ses parents au sujet de ses notes.
B1 noun /ˈpaɪ.lət/

Pilot

pilote
Meaning
a person who operates the controls of an aircraft
Example
The experienced pilot landed the plane safely during the storm.
Le pilote expérimenté a atterri l'avion en toute sécurité pendant la tempête.
C2 adjective /tɛnˈdɛnʃəs/

tendentious

partisan
Meaning
Expressing or promoting a particular cause or point of view, often biased.
Example
The article was criticized for its tendentious tone.
L'article a été critiqué pour son ton partisan.
C1 verb /ˈɒp.tɪ.maɪz/

optimize

optimiser
Meaning
To make the best or most effective use of a situation, opportunity, or resource.
Example
The company is working to optimize its supply chain.
L'entreprise travaille à optimiser sa chaîne d'approvisionnement.
C1 adjective /ˈbʊkɪʃ/

Bookish

étudieux; érudit
Meaning
studious; scholarly; devoted to reading and studying
Example
She was known for her bookish nature and love of literature.
Elle était connue pour sa nature studieuse et son amour de la littérature.
C2 noun/adjective /ˈlæpɪˌdɛri/

lapidary

lapidaire
Meaning
As noun: a person who cuts, polishes, or engraves precious stones; As adjective: relating to such work.
Example
The museum displayed lapidary tools used in ancient times.
Le musée a exposé des outils lapidaires utilisés dans les temps anciens.
B2 adverb /wɒtˈsəʊɛvər/

whatsoever

pas du tout
Meaning
used for emphasis after a negative statement to mean 'at all'
Example
She has no interest in the matter whatsoever.
Elle n'a aucun intérêt dans cette affaire, pas du tout.
C1 verb /əbˈstrʌkt/

obstruct

obstruer
Meaning
to block or hinder progress; to prevent or impede movement
Example
The fallen tree obstructed the road for several hours.
L'arbre tombé obstruait la route pendant plusieurs heures.
A2 noun /bɒs/

boss

patron
Meaning
a person who is in charge of a worker, group, or organization
Example
Her boss gave her a new project to complete.
Son patron lui a donné un nouveau projet à réaliser.
A2 noun /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/

invitation

bonheur
Meaning
a written or spoken request to attend an event or to participate in something
Example
She sent me an invitation to her wedding.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C2 noun /ˌpɜːrtərˈbeɪʃn/

perturbation

perturbation
Meaning
A state of anxiety, disturbance, or disorder.
Example
The announcement caused a perturbation in the financial markets.
L'annonce a causé une perturbation sur les marchés financiers.
B1 noun ˌtɑːdʒ məˈhɑːl

Taj Mahal

Taj Mahal
Meaning
A famous mausoleum in India, considered one of the most beautiful structures ever built and a symbol of love.
Example
The Taj Mahal is considered one of the most beautiful structures ever built.
Le Taj Mahal est considéré comme l'une des plus belles structures jamais construites.
C2 adjective /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

itinerant

itinérant
Meaning
Traveling from place to place, especially for work or duty.
Example
The itinerant teacher moved from village to village to educate children.
L'enseignant itinérant se déplaçait de village en village pour enseigner aux enfants.
C1 noun /viˈoʊlə/ or /ˈvaɪələ/

viola

viole
Meaning
A stringed instrument slightly larger than a violin, with a deeper and mellower tone.
Example
She chose to play the viola in the school orchestra.
Elle a choisi de jouer de la viole dans l'orchestre scolaire.
C2 verb /ɪˈnəʊbəl/

ennoble

ennoblir
Meaning
to give someone a noble rank or to elevate in dignity or honor
Example
His selfless actions ennobled his character in the eyes of others.
Ses actions désintéressées ont ennobli son caractère aux yeux des autres.
C2 adjective /ræpˈtɔːriəl/

raptorial

rapace
Meaning
Relating to birds of prey or predatory behavior.
Example
The eagle is a raptorial bird with sharp talons.
L'aigle est un oiseau de proie avec des serres acérées.
C1 noun /ˌprɑːfɪˈtɪr/

profiteer

profiteur
Meaning
a person who makes excessive profits, especially unfairly or illegally
Example
The government punished war profiteers.
Le gouvernement a puni les profiteurs de guerre.
C1 noun /ˈlaɪbəl/

libel

diffamation
Meaning
a published false statement that damages a person's reputation
Example
The newspaper was sued for libel after publishing false claims.
Le journal a été poursuivi pour diffamation après avoir publié de fausses allégations.
C1 adjective ˈɒptɪmaɪzd

optimized

optimisé, amélioré, plus efficace
Meaning
Made as fully perfect, functional, or effective as possible; improved to achieve maximum efficiency.
Example
The system has been optimized for faster performance.
Le système a été optimisé pour des performances plus rapides.
C1 noun /ˈwed.lɒk/

Wed lock

mariage
Meaning
the state of being married; matrimony
Example
They have been happily united in wedlock for twenty years.
Ils sont unis heureux dans le mariage depuis vingt ans.
C2 noun /pəˈveɪʒən/

pervasion

pervasion
Meaning
the act of spreading through or being present everywhere in something
Example
There was a pervasion of hope throughout the community.
Il y avait une pervasion d'espoir dans toute la communauté.
C1 noun /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪtər/

incubator

incubateur
Meaning
a device or environment that provides suitable conditions for eggs, cells, or infants to develop
Example
The premature baby was placed in an incubator for care.
Le bébé prématuré a été placé dans un incubateur pour ses soins.
B2 noun /ˌdiː.haɪˈdreɪʃən/

dehydration

déshydratation
Meaning
A condition in which the body or tissue lacks adequate water content.
Example
Dehydration can lead to fatigue and confusion.
La déshydratation peut entraîner de la fatigue et de la confusion.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡɒn/

polygon

polygone
Meaning
a flat shape with three or more straight sides
Example
The artist drew a colorful polygon on the canvas.
L'artiste a dessiné un polygone coloré sur la toile.
C1 noun /əˌtɜːni ˈdʒɛnərəl/

attorney-general

procureur général
Meaning
The chief legal officer of a state or country.
Example
The attorney-general announced new reforms to strengthen justice.
Le procureur général a annoncé de nouvelles réformes pour renforcer la justice.
C1 adjective fæsˈtɪd.i.əs

fastidious

méticuleux
Meaning
Very attentive to and concerned about accuracy and detail.
Example
She is fastidious about maintaining cleanliness.
Elle est méticuleuse en ce qui concerne le maintien de la propreté.
C2 adjective /ˈhaɪndmoʊst/

hindmost

dernier
Meaning
Farthest back; last in position.
Example
The hindmost car in the convoy broke down first.
La voiture la plus arrière du convoi est tombée en panne en premier.
A2 noun /ˈmoʊtərˌsaɪkəl/

motorcycle

moto
Meaning
a two-wheeled motor-powered vehicle designed for transportation
Example
He rides his motorcycle to work every morning.
Il va au travail en moto tous les matins.
B1 noun /ruːt/

Root

racine; origine; base; cause
Meaning
the part of a plant that grows underground; the basic cause, source, or origin of something
Example
We need to find the root of this problem to solve it permanently.
Nous devons trouver la racine de ce problème pour le résoudre définitivement.
C1 verb /sɪˈdjuːs/

seduce

séduire
Meaning
to attract someone into doing something, especially something they might not normally do
Example
The advertisement was designed to seduce customers into buying luxury products.
La publicité a été conçue pour séduire les clients à acheter des produits de luxe.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnˈekspɜːrt/

inexpert

inexpérimenté
Meaning
not skilled or experienced; lacking expertise
Example
The inexpert handling of the machine caused several mistakes.
La manipulation inexpérimentée de la machine a causé plusieurs erreurs.
A2 noun /ˈɒf.ɪs/

office

bureau
Meaning
a room or building where people work, usually at desks
Example
She left the office early to attend a family event.
Elle a quitté le bureau tôt pour assister à un événement familial.
C2 noun /ˈklærɪən/

Clarion

clairon
Meaning
a shrill narrow-tubed war trumpet; a medieval trumpet with a clear piercing tone
Example
The clarion sounded across the battlefield to signal the charge.
Le clairon a retenti à travers le champ de bataille pour signaler l'attaque.
C1 noun ˈrez.ɪ.djuːz

residues

résidus
Meaning
A small amount of something that remains after the main part has gone or been taken or used.
Example
The burning process leaves no harmful residues.
Le processus de combustion ne laisse aucun résidu nocif.
B2 noun /dɪˈpen.dəns/

Dependence

dépendance
Meaning
the state of relying on or needing someone or something for support; addiction
Example
His dependence on technology made it difficult for him to work without internet.
Sa dépendance à la technologie rendait difficile de travailler sans internet.