daunt
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C1 verb /dɔːnt/

daunt

décourager
Meaning
to make someone feel intimidated, discouraged, or less confident
Example
The steep climb did not daunt the experienced hikers.
La montée abrupte n'a pas découragé les randonneurs expérimentés.
C1 noun ˌsteɪbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən

stabilization

stabilisation
Meaning
The process of making or becoming stable.
Example
The stabilization of the structure was essential after the earthquake.
La stabilisation de la structure était essentielle après le tremblement de terre.
C1 noun /ˈpraɪməsi/

primacy

primauté
Meaning
the state of being first in importance or authority
Example
The primacy of education cannot be denied.
La primauté de l'éducation ne peut être niée.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːʃən/

Persian

personne originaire d'Iran ou parlant le persan
Meaning
a native or inhabitant of Iran; the language spoken in Iran (Farsi)
Example
The Persian language has a rich literary history.
La langue persane a une riche histoire littéraire.
C1 noun /ˌlɛ.seɪ ˈfɛər/

laissez-faire

politique de non-intervention
Meaning
An economic policy where government does not intervene in business affairs.
Example
Laissez-faire policies encourage private enterprise.
Les politiques de laissez-faire encouragent l'entreprise privée.
C1 adjective /trænsˈluːsənt/

translucent

semi-transparent
Meaning
allowing light to pass through, but not clearly enough to see detailed images
Example
She placed the flower in a translucent vase.
Elle a placé la fleur dans un vase semi-transparent.
C1 noun /veɪl/

vale

vallée
Meaning
A valley, often used in a poetic or literary sense.
Example
The village lay hidden in a quiet green vale.
Le village était caché dans une vallée verte et tranquille.
C1 noun /ˈpɔː.pəs/

Porpoise

marsouin
Meaning
a small toothed whale with a low triangular dorsal fin and a blunt rounded snout
Example
The porpoise jumped gracefully out of the water.
Le marsouin a sauté gracieusement hors de l'eau.
C1 verb ˌkəʊ.əˈles

coalesce

fusionner
Meaning
Come together and form one mass or whole; unite to form one organization or group.
Example
The different theories coalesced into one unified idea.
Les différentes théories se sont fusionnées en une idée unifiée.
C1 adverb /ˈnoʊɪŋli/

knowingly

consciemment
Meaning
in a way that shows you are aware of something; intentionally
Example
She knowingly kept the secret from her friends.
Elle a consciemment gardé le secret de ses amis.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈlaɪ.tənd/

Enlightened

éclairé; illuminé; sage;
Meaning
having or showing a rational, modern outlook; having spiritual knowledge or understanding
Example
The enlightened teacher shared wisdom with all her students.
Le professeur éclairé a partagé la sagesse avec tous ses étudiants.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛndɪŋ/

condescending

condescendant
Meaning
having or showing an attitude of patronizing superiority
Example
Her condescending tone upset her colleagues.
Son ton condescendant a dérangé ses collègues.
C1 noun (plural) /kwɑːmz/

qualms

scrupules
Meaning
feelings of doubt, worry, or uneasiness
Example
He had serious qualms about accepting the offer.
Il avait de sérieuses inquiétudes à propos d'accepter l'offre.
C1 adjective /ˈɡriːvəs/

grievous

grave
Meaning
Causing great pain, suffering, or sorrow.
Example
The accident was a grievous blow to the community.
L'accident a été un coup grave pour la communauté.
C1 verb /ˈɡlɒs.oʊ.vər/

glossover

passer sous silence
Meaning
an informal or non-standard variant of 'gloss over', meaning to ignore or minimize something
Example
He tried to glossover his mistakes during the meeting.
Il a essayé de passer sous silence ses erreurs pendant la réunion.
C1 adjective /ɪˈlɪsɪt/

illicit

illicite
Meaning
Forbidden by law, rules, or custom.
Example
The police shut down the illicit drug operation.
La police a fermé l'opération de drogue illicite.
C1 noun /ˈmɜːrdʒər/

merger

fusion
Meaning
The combination of two or more companies into a single entity.
Example
The merger of the two firms created the largest bank in the region.
La fusion des deux entreprises a créé la plus grande banque de la région.
C1 noun /rɪˌsɛptɪˈvɪti/

receptivity

réceptivité
Meaning
The ability or willingness to receive something, especially signals or stimuli.
Example
Her receptivity to new ideas helped improve the project.
Sa réceptivité aux nouvelles idées a contribué à améliorer le projet.
C1 noun /ˈʃrɪŋkɪdʒ/

shrinkage

rétrécissement
Meaning
The process of becoming smaller in size, amount, or value.
Example
The company reported a shrinkage in profits this quarter.
L'entreprise a rapporté une diminution des profits ce trimestre.
C1 verb /proʊˈtrækt/

protract

prolonger
Meaning
To prolong or extend in time or duration.
Example
Negotiations were protracted for several months.
Les négociations ont été prolongées pendant plusieurs mois.
C1 noun /ˌdɪfəˈrɛnʃɪˈeɪʃən/

differentiation

différenciation, distinction
Meaning
The action or process of differentiating or distinguishing between things.
Example
Differentiation from competitors can create a unique market position.
La différenciation des concurrents peut créer une position unique sur le marché.
C1 noun /ˈziːnɪθ/

zenith

zénith
Meaning
The time at which something is most powerful or successful; the highest point.
Example
Her career reached its zenith in the late 1990s.
Sa carrière a atteint son zénith à la fin des années 1990.
C1 verb kəˈrɒb.ə.reɪt

corroborate

corroborer
Meaning
Confirm or give support to a statement, theory, or finding.
Example
The witness corroborated the defendant's testimony.
Le témoin a corroboré le témoignage du prévenu.
C1 noun /ˌræm.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

ramification

conséquence
Meaning
a consequence of an action or event, often complex or unwelcome.
Example
The new law has serious social ramifications.
La nouvelle loi a de graves conséquences sociales.
C1 noun /ˌkɒn.əˈsɜːr/

connoisseur

connaisseur
Meaning
an expert judge in matters of taste, especially in food, art, or wine
Example
She is a true connoisseur of fine art.
Elle est une véritable connaisseuse de l'art.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrθi/

earthy

terrestre / simple
Meaning
resembling or suggestive of earth or soil; simple, natural, and sometimes coarse
Example
The dish had a rich, earthy flavor from the mushrooms.
Le plat avait une saveur riche et terreuse provenant des champignons.
C1 noun ˈpɜː.mə.kʌl.tʃər

permaculture

permaculture
Meaning
The development of agricultural ecosystems intended to be sustainable and self-sufficient.
Example
Permaculture promotes self-sufficient farming systems.
La permaculture promeut des systèmes agricoles autonomes.
C1 adjective /ˈθrɪfti/

thrifty

économe
Meaning
using money and resources carefully and not wastefully
Example
She is very thrifty and always saves money for the future.
Elle est très économe et économise toujours de l'argent pour l'avenir.
C1 verb diːˈsɛn.sɪ.taɪz

desensitize

désensibiliser
Meaning
To make someone less sensitive or reactive to something through repeated exposure.
Example
Constant exposure to violence can desensitize people.
Une exposition constante à la violence peut désensibiliser les gens.
C1 noun /ˈtɛnɪt/

tenet

principe
Meaning
a principle, belief, or doctrine held to be true
Example
Honesty is a central tenet of their philosophy.
L'honnêteté est un principe central de leur philosophie.
C1 noun ˌsɛlf.rɪˈstreɪnt

self-restraint

autocontrôle
Meaning
The practice of restraining oneself from indulging in something, typically an impulse or desire.
Example
Practicing self-restraint helps in avoiding impulsive decisions.
Pratiquer l'autocontrôle aide à éviter les décisions impulsives.
C1 adjective sɪˈlɛstʃəl

celestial

céleste
Meaning
Positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronomy.
Example
The celestial bodies in the sky were clearly visible last night.
Les corps célestes dans le ciel étaient clairement visibles la nuit dernière.
C1 adjective /ɪmˈpɜːrsənl/

impersonal

impersonnel
Meaning
not influenced by, showing, or involving personal feelings; lacking human warmth or emotion
Example
The letter was written in a very impersonal style.
La lettre a été écrite dans un style très impersonnel.
C1 /ˈdʒɛtɪsən/

jettison

jeter
Meaning
to throw or drop something from a ship, aircraft, or vehicle to lighten the load; to abandon something no longer wanted
Example
The crew had to jettison cargo to save the sinking ship.
L'équipage a dû jeter la cargaison pour sauver le navire qui coule.
C1 noun /ˌæn.əˈnɪm.ə.ti/

anonymity

anonymat
Meaning
The state of being anonymous; having one's identity kept secret or unknown.
Example
Online anonymity protects users from cyber threats.
L'anonymat en ligne protège les utilisateurs des menaces informatiques.
C1 noun /ˈkɔːrdən/

cordon

cordon de sécurité
Meaning
a line or circle of police, soldiers, or guards preventing access
Example
The police set up a cordon around the crime scene.
La police a établi un cordon autour de la scène du crime.
C1 verb /dɪˈfrɔːd/

defraud

frauder
Meaning
to illegally take money or valuables from someone by deception
Example
The company was accused of trying to defraud investors.
L'entreprise a été accusée d'avoir tenté de frauder les investisseurs.
C1 noun ˈælərdʒən

allergen

substance qui provoque une réaction allergique
Meaning
A substance that causes an allergic reaction.
Example
Pollen is a common allergen that affects many people.
Le pollen est un allergène courant qui affecte de nombreuses personnes.
C1 noun /ˌdɛrɪˈveɪʃən/

derivation

dérivation
Meaning
The origin or development of something from a source.
Example
The derivation of the word comes from Latin.
La dérivation du mot vient du latin.
C1 noun /ɪɡˌzɪl.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

exhilaration

exaltation ou bonheur
Meaning
A feeling of excitement, happiness, or elation.
Example
The feeling of exhilaration after a roller-coaster ride is amazing.
Le sentiment d'exaltation après un tour de montagnes russes est incroyable.
C1 noun /ˈtʃɪz.əl/

Chisel

ciseau
Meaning
a tool with a sharp flat edge used for cutting or shaping wood, stone, or metal
Example
The carpenter used a chisel to carve the wood.
Le charpentier a utilisé un ciseau pour sculpter le bois.
C1 adjective ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.lənt

vigilant

vigilant
Meaning
Keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties; alert and watchful.
Example
The guards remained vigilant throughout the night.
Les gardes sont restés vigilants toute la nuit.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛptɪk/

septic

infecté
Meaning
Infected with harmful bacteria; relating to or causing infection.
Example
The doctor treated the patient's septic wound immediately.
Le médecin a immédiatement traité la plaie septique du patient.
C1 noun /ˈhɜːrbɪsaɪd/

herbicide

herbicide
Meaning
A chemical substance used to kill unwanted plants, especially weeds.
Example
Farmers used herbicide to protect their crops from invasive weeds.
Les agriculteurs ont utilisé des herbicides pour protéger leurs cultures des mauvaises herbes envahissantes.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkoʊˈhɪrəns/

incoherence

incohérence
Meaning
The quality of being unclear, confused, or lacking logical connection.
Example
His speech was full of incoherence and difficult to follow.
Son discours était plein d'incohérences et difficile à suivre.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈvɔɪst/

unvoiced

non exprimé
Meaning
not expressed in speech; in phonetics, a sound produced without vocal cord vibration
Example
The student kept her opinion unvoiced during the meeting.
L'étudiante a gardé son opinion non exprimée pendant la réunion.
C1 noun səˌfɪs.tɪˈkeɪ.ʃən

sophistication

niveau élevé de complexité ou de raffinement
Meaning
High level of complexity or refinement.
Example
The sophistication of modern AI technology is remarkable.
La sophistication de la technologie moderne de l'IA est remarquable.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈmɪsəbl̩/

inadmissible

inadmissible
Meaning
Not allowed, especially as evidence in a court of law.
Example
The judge ruled the evidence inadmissible.
Le juge a déclaré que la preuve était inadmissible.
C1 adjective /ˌɪn.səˈbɔːr.dɪ.nət/

insubordinate

insubordonné
Meaning
Defiant of authority; disobedient to orders.
Example
The insubordinate employee refused to follow the manager's instructions.
L'employé insubordonné a refusé de suivre les instructions du gestionnaire.
C1 verb /veks/

vex

agacer
Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
Le bruit constant de la construction agace les résidents.
C1 adjective /pəˈnɪnsjələr/

peninsular

péninsulaire
Meaning
Relating to or resembling a peninsula.
Example
The peninsular region is surrounded by water on three sides.
La région péninsulaire est entourée d'eau sur trois côtés.
C1 adjective kəʊˈhiː.sɪv

cohesive

cohésif
Meaning
Characterized by or causing cohesion; forming a united whole.
Example
The team displayed a cohesive strategy.
L'équipe a montré une stratégie cohésive.
C1 adjective ɪˈluː.sər.i

illusory

illusoire
Meaning
Based on illusion; not real although seeming to be.
Example
His sense of security was entirely illusory.
Son sentiment de sécurité était entièrement illusoire.
C1 noun /ˈlaɪk.nəs/

Likeness

ressemblance; similitude
Meaning
the fact or quality of being alike; resemblance; a portrait or representation
Example
The portrait shows a strong likeness to her grandmother.
Le portrait montre une forte ressemblance avec sa grand-mère.
C1 adjective /rɪˈdʒɛn.ə.rə.tɪv/

regenerative

régénératif
Meaning
Able to restore or renew damaged environments, soil, or resources.
Example
Regenerative farming improves soil health and biodiversity.
L'agriculture régénérative améliore la santé du sol et la biodiversité.
C1 adjective /ˈpɑːm.pəs/

Pompous

pompeux; prétentieux; excessivement grandiose
Meaning
showing off; pretentious; overly grand
Example
His pompous attitude annoyed everyone at the meeting.
Son attitude pompeuse a agacé tout le monde à la réunion.
C1 verb /əˈlʊər/

allure

attirer
Meaning
to attract or tempt someone with something desirable; to entice
Example
The beautiful garden allured visitors from far away.
Le beau jardin a attiré les visiteurs de loin.
C1 noun /ˈnɪkəl/

nickel

nickel
Meaning
a small coin, typically worth five cents in the United States
Example
He found a nickel on the ground.
Il a trouvé un nickel par terre.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnrɪˈfaɪnd/

unrefined

non raffiné
Meaning
not processed or purified; lacking polish or sophistication
Example
The unrefined oil must be processed before it can be used as fuel.
Le pétrole non raffiné doit être traité avant d’être utilisé comme carburant.
C1 noun ˈmetəl kənˌtæməˈneɪʃən

metal contamination

contamination par les métaux
Meaning
The presence of toxic metals in the environment that pose health and environmental risks.
Example
Metal contamination poses severe health risks.
La contamination par les métaux présente de graves risques pour la santé.
C1 noun /ˈræftər/

rafter

poutre
Meaning
One of the sloping beams that supports a roof.
Example
The old barn’s rafters were exposed.
Les poutres du vieux grenier étaient exposées.
C1 adjective /ˈɑːtfəl/

Artful

habile; rusé; ingénieux
Meaning
clever or skillful, especially in a cunning way
Example
She gave an artful answer that avoided the real question.
Elle a donné une réponse habile qui a évité la vraie question.
C1 adjective /ˈtɪp.tɒp/

Tiptop

excellente; de première qualité
Meaning
of the highest quality; excellent; in perfect condition
Example
The car is in tiptop condition.
La voiture est en excellent état.
C1 verb /rɪˈsʌsɪteɪt/

resuscitate

ressusciter
Meaning
to revive someone from unconsciousness or apparent death
Example
The doctors tried to resuscitate the patient after the heart attack.
Les médecins ont essayé de ressusciter le patient après l'attaque cardiaque.
C1 noun /twɪndʒ/

twinge

douleur aiguë
Meaning
a sudden, sharp pain or an emotional pang
Example
He felt a twinge of guilt after lying to his friend.
Il a ressenti une douleur aiguë de culpabilité après avoir menti à son ami.
C1 noun /ɪnˌtɪmɪˈdeɪʃən/

intimidation

intimidation
Meaning
The action of frightening or threatening someone to make them do something.
Example
The workers reported cases of intimidation by the management.
Les travailleurs ont signalé des cas d'intimidation par la direction.
C1 noun fɔːlt ˈtɒl.ər.əns

fault-tolerance

tolérance aux pannes
Meaning
The ability of a system to continue operating properly in the event of the failure of some of its components.
Example
Fault-tolerance ensures dependable systems.
La tolérance aux pannes assure des systèmes fiables.
C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

sociopolitique
Meaning
Combining social and political factors.
Example
Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.
Les facteurs sociopolitiques influencent souvent les décisions de politique publique.
C1 noun /kəˈpɪl.ər.iz/

capillaries

capillaires
Meaning
Any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules.
Example
Broken capillaries cause dark circles.
Les capillaires cassés causent des cernes.
C1 noun /ˌtɛstɪˈməʊnɪəlz/

testimonials

témoignages, lettres de recommandation
Meaning
Written or spoken statements of praise or recommendation from clients or customers.
Example
Positive testimonials can enhance a company's reputation.
Des témoignages positifs peuvent améliorer la réputation d'une entreprise.
C1 adjective /ˌɒmnɪˈprezənt/

omnipresent

omniprésent
Meaning
(of God) present everywhere at the same time.
Example
Social media has become an omnipresent force in modern society.
Les médias sociaux sont devenus une force omniprésente dans la société moderne.
C1 noun /ˈdɛljuːdʒ/

deluge

inondation
Meaning
A severe flood; an overwhelming quantity of something.
Example
The town was hit by a deluge of rain in just a few hours.
La ville a été frappée par un déluge de pluie en quelques heures seulement.
C1 noun/adjective/verb /bʌf/

buff

passionné / polir
Meaning
A fan or enthusiast; also to polish or shine something.
Example
He is a movie buff who watches films every weekend.
Il est un passionné de cinéma qui regarde des films chaque week-end.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌpl/

supple

souple
Meaning
Easily bending or moving without breaking; flexible and adaptable.
Example
The gymnast’s body was remarkably supple.
Le corps de la gymnaste était remarquablement souple.
C1 adjective /məˈlɪɡnənt/

malignant

malin
Meaning
dangerous or harmful in influence or effect; medically, tending to invade and destroy tissue
Example
Doctors confirmed that the tumor was malignant.
Les médecins ont confirmé que la tumeur était maligne.
C1 noun /ˈdʒuː.bɪ.liː/

Jubilee

jubilaire; anniversaire spécial
Meaning
a special anniversary celebration, especially the 25th, 50th, or 60th anniversary of an important event
Example
The school celebrated its golden jubilee with a grand ceremony.
L'école a célébré son jubilé d'or avec une grande cérémonie.
C1 noun /ˈheɪvən/

haven

havre
Meaning
a safe place or shelter
Example
The library became a haven for students during exams.
La bibliothèque est devenue un havre pour les étudiants pendant les examens.
C1 verb /kɜːrˈteɪl/

curtail

réduire
Meaning
to reduce or limit something, especially something considered undesirable
Example
The company had to curtail its spending due to budget cuts.
L'entreprise a dû réduire ses dépenses en raison des réductions budgétaires.
C1 noun /ˈfræk.tʃər/

Fracture

fracture; cassure d'os
Meaning
the cracking or breaking of a hard object or material; a break in a bone
Example
The doctor confirmed that he had a hairline fracture in his wrist.
Le docteur a confirmé qu'il avait une fracture du poignet.
C1 noun ˈæltruɪzəm

altruism

altruisme, souci désintéressé du bien-être des autres
Meaning
The belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the well-being of others.
Example
His altruism motivated others to volunteer.
Son altruisme a motivé d'autres à faire du bénévolat.
C1 noun /ˌmɪsˈkɒn.dʌkt/

Misconduct

conduite inappropriée
Meaning
Unacceptable or improper behavior, especially by a professional person
Example
The officer was dismissed for professional misconduct.
L'officier a été renvoyé pour conduite inappropriée professionnelle.
C1 noun /ˌpænəˈsiːə/

panacea

panacée
Meaning
A solution or remedy for all difficulties or diseases.
Example
Education is often seen as a panacea for social problems.
L'éducation est souvent considérée comme une panacée pour les problèmes sociaux.
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɪə.ləs/

Cheerless

triste; morne; sans joie
Meaning
lacking happiness or comfort; gloomy; depressing; without cheer
Example
The old house looked cheerless and abandoned in the winter rain.
La vieille maison paraissait triste et abandonnée sous la pluie hivernale.
C1 adjective /pɪˈkjuːniˌɛri/

pecuniary

pécuniaire
Meaning
relating to money or financial matters
Example
They faced pecuniary difficulties after the business failed.
Ils ont rencontré des difficultés pécuniaires après l'échec de l'entreprise.
C1 noun/verb /ˈfʌrəʊ/

furrow

sillon
Meaning
A long narrow trench made in the ground by a plow; to make wrinkles or grooves.
Example
The farmer plowed furrows in the field.
L'agriculteur a tracé des sillons dans le champ.
C1 verb /bɪˈwɪldər/

bewilder

déstabiliser
Meaning
to cause someone to be confused or puzzled
Example
The complex instructions bewildered the students.
Les instructions complexes ont perturbé les étudiants.
C1 noun /pʌn/

pun

jeu de mots
Meaning
A humorous use of words that suggests different meanings or words that sound alike.
Example
He made a clever pun about the bakery's bread rising.
Il a fait un jeu de mots intelligent sur la montée du pain à la boulangerie.
C1 noun /njʊˈrɑːlədʒi/

neurology

Meaning
The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the nervous system.
Example
She specializes in neurology and treats patients with brain diseases.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

corporal

corporal
Meaning
relating to the body; a low-ranking officer in the military
Example
He suffered a corporal punishment for his mistake.
Il a subi une punition corporelle pour son erreur.
C1 verb/noun /ˈsɒldər/

solder

souder
Meaning
To join metal parts together by melting and putting a filler metal into the joint
Example
He soldered the broken wires back together.
Il a soudé les fils cassés.
C1 adjective /ˈprevələnt/

Prevalent

répandu
Meaning
widespread; existing very commonly; generally occurring
Example
Smoking is still prevalent among teenagers despite health warnings.
Le tabagisme est encore répandu chez les adolescents malgré les avertissements sanitaires.
C1 adjective /ˈbɔɪstərəs/

boisterous

bruyant
Meaning
noisy, energetic, and cheerful; rowdy
Example
The children were boisterous during the birthday party.
Les enfants étaient bruyants pendant la fête d'anniversaire.
C1 adjective ˌɡæs.troʊ.ɪnˈtes.tɪ.nəl

gastrointestinal

gastro-intestinal
Meaning
Relating to the stomach and intestines.
Example
Spicy food can cause gastrointestinal issues.
Les aliments épicés peuvent provoquer des problèmes gastro-intestinaux.
C1 noun /ˈkændɪdnəs/

candidness

franchise
Meaning
The quality of being open, honest, and straightforward
Example
Her candidness during the meeting impressed everyone.
Sa franchise pendant la réunion a impressionné tout le monde.
C1 adjective /səˈdʒɛstɪv/

suggestive

suggestif
Meaning
tending to suggest ideas or images; sometimes implies something sexual or provocative
Example
The painting was highly suggestive and sparked much debate.
Le tableau était très suggestif et a provoqué beaucoup de débats.
C1 noun /bɪz/

Biz

affaires
Meaning
business (informal); commercial enterprise or activity
Example
He's been in the restaurant biz for twenty years.
Il est dans le business de la restauration depuis vingt ans.
C1 noun /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

armada

flotte de guerre
Meaning
A large fleet of warships.
Example
The Spanish Armada sailed against England in 1588.
L'Armada espagnole a navigué contre l'Angleterre en 1588.
C1 adjective /priˈɛmptɪv/

preemptive

préventif
Meaning
Serving or intended to prevent something by taking action first.
Example
The government took preemptive measures to control inflation.
Le gouvernement a pris des mesures préventives pour contrôler l'inflation.
C1 verb /bloʊt/

bloat

gonfler
Meaning
to swell or cause to swell, often due to fluid or gas
Example
Eating too much junk food can bloat your stomach.
Manger trop de malbouffe peut faire gonfler votre estomac.
C1 noun /weɪ/

Whey

lactosérum
Meaning
the watery part of milk that separates from the curds when making cheese
Example
Whey protein is popular among athletes and bodybuilders.
La protéine de lactosérum est populaire parmi les athlètes et les culturistes.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈsɪmɪlər/

dissimilar

différent
Meaning
Not alike; different.
Example
Though they are twins, their personalities are dissimilar.
Bien qu'ils soient jumeaux, leurs personnalités sont différentes.
C1 noun ˌoʊ.vɚˈɡreɪ.zɪŋ

overgrazing

surpâturage
Meaning
The practice of allowing livestock to graze to the point of damaging vegetation.
Example
Overgrazing leads to soil erosion and loss of biodiversity.
Le surpâturage conduit à l'érosion des sols et à la perte de biodiversité.
C1 noun /ˈsuːdənɪm/

pseudonym

pseudonyme
Meaning
a fictitious name used by an author instead of their real name
Example
Mark Twain was the pseudonym of Samuel Clemens.
Mark Twain était le pseudonyme de Samuel Clemens.
C1 verb ˌæs.ɚˈteɪn

ascertain

vérifier
Meaning
To find out or discover something with certainty; to verify.
Example
The police tried to ascertain the cause of the accident.
La police a essayé de vérifier la cause de l'accident.
C1 noun /bəˈbuːn/

Baboon

babouin
Meaning
a large African and Arabian primate with a dog-like snout and colorful buttocks
Example
The baboon troop gathered around the watering hole in the savanna.
Le groupe de babouins s'est réuni autour du trou d'eau dans la savane.
C1 noun /ˈtɛstəmənt/

testament

testament / preuve
Meaning
a person's will; or strong evidence of something
Example
His success is a testament to his hard work and dedication.
Son succès est un testament de son travail acharné et de son dévouement.
C1 noun /kəʊˈhiːʒən/

cohesion

cohésion
Meaning
The action or fact of forming a united whole.
Example
The team showed excellent cohesion throughout the project.
L'équipe a montré une excellente cohésion tout au long du projet.
C1 noun əˌsɪm.ɪˈleɪ.ʃən

Assimilation

assimilation
Meaning
Connecting new information with existing knowledge
Example
Proper assimilation of knowledge leads to effective learning.
Une bonne assimilation des connaissances conduit à un apprentissage efficace.
C1 noun /ˈrɛspɪt/

respite

répit
Meaning
A short period of rest or relief from something difficult or unpleasant.
Example
The weekend provided a welcome respite from work.
Le week-end a offert un répit bienvenu du travail.
C1 adjective /kwɪər/

Queer

étrange; inhabituel; particulier
Meaning
strange; unusual; peculiar; odd
Example
The old house had a queer atmosphere that made visitors uncomfortable.
La vieille maison avait une atmosphère étrange qui rendait les visiteurs mal à l'aise.
C1 adjective /ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/

exhilarating

exaltant
Meaning
Making someone feel very excited, happy, or thrilled.
Example
Skydiving was the most exhilarating experience of his life.
Le parachutisme a été l'expérience la plus exaltante de sa vie.
C1 adjective /ˈfiːzəbl/

feasible

réalisable
Meaning
possible to do easily or conveniently; practical and workable
Example
It is feasible to complete the project within two months.
Il est réalisable de terminer le projet en deux mois.
C1 adjective /ˌəʊvərˈstɪmjʊˌleɪtɪd/

overstimulated

trop stimule
Meaning
Excessively excited or aroused, overwhelmed by too much stimulus.
Example
Overstimulated minds can lead to burnout and decreased productivity.
Des esprits trop stimulés peuvent conduire à l'épuisement professionnel et à une diminution de la productivité.
C1 adverb /ˈnɔːθwədz/

Northwards

vers le nord
Meaning
towards the north; in a northerly direction
Example
The birds migrate northwards in spring.
Les oiseaux migrent vers le nord au printemps.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈluː.nə.tɪk/

lunatic

lunatique
Meaning
A person who is insane or acting in a foolish or reckless way; also used as an adjective meaning insane.
Example
The driver was driving like a lunatic on the highway.
Le conducteur conduisait comme un lunatique sur l'autoroute.
C1 noun /ˈsɔːjər/

Sawyer

scieur
Meaning
a person who saws wood, especially as an occupation
Example
The skilled sawyer cut the logs into planks.
Le scieur habile a coupé les bûches en planches.
C1 noun /sɪˈsɛʃən/

secession

sécession
Meaning
The action of formally withdrawing from membership of a federation or body.
Example
The secession of the southern states led to the Civil War.
La sécession des états du sud a conduit à la guerre civile.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdʌktɪv/

inductive

inductif
Meaning
characterized by the inference of general laws from particular instances; reasoning from specific cases to general principles
Example
The scientist used inductive reasoning to form a hypothesis.
Le scientifique a utilisé le raisonnement inductif pour formuler une hypothèse.
C1 verb məˈtæb.ə.laɪz

metabolize

processer et utiliser les aliments pour la croissance
Meaning
Process and use food for growth and to replace tissue, or process other substances in the body.
Example
The liver helps to metabolize toxins.
Le foie aide à métaboliser les toxines.
C1 noun, verb /strænd/

strand

fil / bloqué
Meaning
Noun: A single thin length of thread, wire, or similar. Verb: To leave someone or something without a way of moving or leaving.
Example
The storm stranded many tourists on the island.
La tempête a laissé de nombreux touristes bloqués sur l'île.
C1 adjective /ˌsækrəˈlɪdʒəs/

sacrilegious

sacrilège
Meaning
Showing disrespect or irreverence toward something sacred.
Example
The painting was criticized as being sacrilegious.
Le tableau a été critiqué comme étant sacrilège.