conscientiousness
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C1 noun ˌkɒn.ʃiˈen.ʃəs.nəs

conscientiousness

conscience
Meaning
The quality of wishing to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly; diligence.
Example
Her conscientiousness in work led to a well-organized project.
Sa conscience au travail a conduit à un projet bien organisé.
C2 noun /kəˈnɑːrd/

canard

un canular
Meaning
a false or unfounded story or rumor
Example
The article turned out to be nothing more than a canard.
L'article s'est avéré n'être rien de plus qu'un canular.
C2 noun /ˌkælɪsˈθɛnɪks/

calisthenics

exercice physique
Meaning
exercises that use body weight for strength and flexibility
Example
She practices calisthenics every morning in the park.
Elle pratique la calisthénie chaque matin dans le parc.
C2 adjective /ˈsɪlieɪtɪd/

ciliated

ciliée
Meaning
Having minute hairlike projections (cilia) on the surface of cells or organisms.
Example
The ciliated cells in the respiratory tract help move mucus out of the lungs.
Les cellules ciliées dans le tractus respiratoire aident à déplacer le mucus hors des poumons.
A2 noun /ˈsɪnəmə/

cinema

cinéma
Meaning
a place where films are shown to the public; the art or industry of making and showing films
Example
We went to the cinema to watch a new movie.
Nous sommes allés au cinéma pour voir un nouveau film.
A2 noun/verb /kɔːz/

cause

cause / causer
Meaning
a person or thing that gives rise to an action, phenomenon, or condition; to make something happen
Example
The heavy rain caused flooding in the city.
La forte pluie a causé des inondations dans la ville.
A2 noun /koʊt/

Coat

manteau
Meaning
an outer garment worn over other clothes for warmth or protection
Example
He put on his winter coat before going outside.
Il a mis son manteau d'hiver avant de sortir.
B2 verb /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/

compromise

compromettre
Meaning
To expose or make vulnerable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute.
Example
Excessive sharing can compromise your privacy.
Partager excessivement peut compromettre votre vie privée.
B2 noun /ˈklaɪ.mæks/

Climax

point culminant
Meaning
the most intense, exciting, or important point of something; the highest or most intense point in a process
Example
The movie reached its climax during the final battle scene.
Le film a atteint son point culminant lors de la scène finale de la bataille.
C2 noun /ʃəˈɡrɪn/

chagrin

chagrin
Meaning
Distress or embarrassment at having failed or been humiliated.
Example
She left the room in chagrin after forgetting her lines.
Elle a quitté la pièce dans le chagrin après avoir oublié ses répliques.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒnvɛks/

convex

convexe, arrondi vers l'extérieur
Meaning
curved or rounded outward
Example
The lens has a convex shape to focus light.
La lentille a une forme convexe pour focaliser la lumière.
A2 noun ʃef

chef

chef
Meaning
A professional cook, especially the chief cook in a restaurant or hotel.
Example
The chef specializes in avant-garde dishes.
Le chef se spécialise dans les plats avant-gardistes.
C2 noun /kɒɡˈnoʊmən/

cognomen

nom de famille / surnom
Meaning
A family name or surname; an additional name or nickname.
Example
His cognomen became widely known in literary circles.
Son nom de famille est devenu largement connu dans les cercles littéraires.
C1 noun kənˈvɜː.dʒəns

convergence

convergence
Meaning
The process of coming together from different directions to meet at a common point; unification or integration.
Example
The convergence of technologies is revolutionizing industries.
La convergence des technologies révolutionne les industries.
C1 noun /ˈkɒlərə/

cholera

choléra
Meaning
An infectious disease of the small intestine causing severe vomiting and diarrhea.
Example
The village suffered an outbreak of cholera after the flood.
Le village a connu une épidémie de choléra après l'inondation.
C2 verb /kəˈmɪz.ə.reɪt/

commiserate

exprimer de la sympathie ou de la compassion pour la malchance de quelqu'un
Meaning
To express sympathy or compassion for someone's misfortune.
Example
She called her friend to commiserate after his loss.
Elle a appelé son ami pour compatir après sa perte.
C1 noun ˈkætəlɪst

catalyst

catalyseur
Meaning
A person or thing that precipitates an event or change.
Example
His speech acted as a catalyst for change in the community.
Son discours a agi comme un catalyseur pour le changement dans la communauté.
B1 verb /ˈkɒntrækt/

contract

contracter
Meaning
to make smaller; to enter into a formal agreement
Example
The company will contract a new supplier for materials.
L'entreprise va conclure un nouveau contrat avec un nouveau fournisseur pour les matériaux.
C2 noun /ˈkaɪrəˌmænsi/

chiromancy

chiromancie
Meaning
The practice of predicting the future by interpreting the lines on the palms of hands; palmistry.
Example
The old woman practiced chiromancy and told fortunes for travelers.
La vieille femme pratiquait la chiromancie et prédisait l'avenir des voyageurs.
C2 noun /ˈklɪpər/

clipper

tondeuse / bateau rapide du XIXe siècle
Meaning
a tool used for cutting, or a fast sailing ship of the 19th century
Example
The barber used clippers to trim his hair.
Le barbier a utilisé des tondeuses pour couper ses cheveux.
A2 noun /ˈtʃælɪndʒɪz/

challenges

défis
Meaning
Difficult tasks or situations that test someone's abilities or resources.
Example
Overcoming challenges is the key to personal growth.
Surmonter les défis est la clé de la croissance personnelle.
B2 verb /ˌkɒn.trəˈdɪkt/

contradict

contredire
Meaning
to say or show the opposite of something that has been said or believed
Example
His actions contradict his words.
Ses actions contredisent ses paroles.
C1 noun /klæn/

clan

clan
Meaning
a large family group or a close-knit community with shared interests or ancestry
Example
The entire clan gathered to celebrate the festival.
Le clan entier s'est réuni pour célébrer le festival.
B2 noun /kaʊtʃ/

Couch

canapé
Meaning
a long upholstered seat for more than one person, typically with a back and arms
Example
The family gathered on the couch to watch a movie.
La famille s'est réunie sur le canapé pour regarder un film.
A1 verb, adjective /kloʊz/ (verb), /kloʊs/ (adjective)

close

fermer, près
Meaning
To shut something (verb); near in space or relationship (adjective).
Example
Please close the door when you leave.
Veuillez fermer la porte lorsque vous partez.
A2 noun /ˈsɛlˌfoʊn/

cellphone

téléphone portable
Meaning
a portable telephone that uses a cellular network for wireless communication
Example
She forgot her cellphone at home and couldn’t call anyone.
Elle a oublié son téléphone portable à la maison et n’a pu appeler personne.
B1 adjective /ˈkɜːrli/

curly

bouclé
Meaning
having curls or waves; shaped with bends or coils
Example
She has naturally curly hair.
Elle a les cheveux naturellement bouclés.
C1 noun kənˈsɔː.ti.əm

consortium

consortium
Meaning
An association of several companies or organizations formed to undertake an enterprise beyond the resources of any one member.
Example
The consortium worked collaboratively to build the cable.
Le consortium a travaillé de manière collaborative pour construire le câble.
A1 noun /kloʊðz/

clothes

vêtements
Meaning
garments worn on the body
Example
She bought new clothes for the party.
Elle a acheté de nouveaux vêtements pour la fête.
B1 noun /kənˌɡrætʃəˈleɪʃən/

congratulation

félicitation
Meaning
an expression of praise or joy for someone’s achievement or good fortune
Example
She sent a congratulation to her friend on winning the award.
Elle a envoyé une félicitation à son amie pour avoir gagné le prix.
C1 noun ˌkæp.ɪ.təl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

capitalization

capitalisation
Meaning
The total market value of a company's shares or the provision of capital for a company or activity.
Example
The company's capitalization reached $1 billion in market value.
La capitalisation de l'entreprise a atteint 1 milliard de dollars en valeur marchande.
B2 noun /ˈkʌs.tə.mər rɪˈten.ʃən/

Customer Retention

fidélisation des clients
Meaning
The ability of a company or product to retain its customers over some specified period.
Example
High customer retention increases business sustainability.
Une forte fidélisation des clients augmente la durabilité des entreprises.
B2 verb /kəˈlæps/

collapse

s'effondrer
Meaning
to fall down or inward suddenly; to break down completely
Example
The old building collapsed after the earthquake.
Le vieux bâtiment s'est effondré après le tremblement de terre.
A2 noun ˈtʃælɪndʒ

challenge

défi
Meaning
A call to take part in a contest or competition, especially a demanding or stimulating one; a task or situation that tests someone's abilities.
Example
Plastic pollution poses a significant challenge to global health.
La pollution plastique représente un défi important pour la santé mondiale.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.trɪ.bjʊ.tər/

contributor

contributeur
Meaning
a person who gives something to help achieve a result
Example
He was a regular contributor to the local newspaper.
Il était un contributeur régulier au journal local.
B2 noun /ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/

compound

composé / zone fermée
Meaning
a thing that is composed of two or more separate elements; an enclosed area with buildings
Example
The scientist studied the chemical compound in the lab.
Le scientifique a étudié le composé chimique dans le laboratoire.
B1 noun /ˈkɔːrɪdɔːr/

corridor

un long passage reliant plusieurs pièces
Meaning
a long passage in a building from which doors lead into rooms
Example
The students waited quietly in the corridor.
Les étudiants attendaient tranquillement dans le corridor.
C1 verb /kənˈtɛkstʃuəlaɪz/

contextualize

contextualiser
Meaning
to place something in a context or interpret it in relation to its surroundings
Example
The teacher contextualized the historical event to make it more relevant for students.
Le professeur a contextualisé l'événement historique pour le rendre plus pertinent pour les étudiants.
C1 adjective /ˈkɑːr.di.æk/

cardiac

cardiaque
Meaning
Relating to the heart.
Example
The patient was admitted with a cardiac condition.
Le patient a été admis avec une condition cardiaque.
B2 noun /koʊl/

coal

charbon
Meaning
a black or dark brown rock used as fuel, formed from decomposed plant matter
Example
The factory still uses coal as its main source of energy.
L'usine utilise toujours du charbon comme source principale d'énergie.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsnt/

convalescent

en convalescence, en rétablissement après une maladie ou un traitement médical
Meaning
recovering from an illness or medical treatment
Example
The hospital has a special ward for convalescent patients.
L'hôpital dispose d'une salle spéciale pour les patients en convalescence.
B1 noun /ˈkæp.ɪ.təl/

Capital

capitale; richesse; fonds
Meaning
the most important city or town of a country or region; wealth in the form of money or assets
Example
Paris is the capital of France and also a major financial capital.
Paris est la capitale de la France et aussi un centre financier majeur.
B2 noun /koʊˈɔːrdɪˌneɪtər/

coordinator

coordinateur
Meaning
a person who organizes people or activities so that they work well together
Example
The event coordinator managed everything perfectly.
Le coordinateur de l'événement a tout géré parfaitement.
C1 verb /tʃɑːr/

char

brûler
Meaning
To burn or scorch something so that it becomes blackened.
Example
The cook accidentally charred the steak.
Le cuisinier a accidentellement brûlé le steak.
B2 verb /ˌkɒmprɪˈhɛnd/

comprehend

comprendre
Meaning
to understand or grasp the meaning of something
Example
It is difficult to comprehend the scale of the disaster.
Il est difficile de comprendre l'ampleur de la catastrophe.
A2 noun, verb /kəˈrɪər/

career

carrière / profession
Meaning
As a noun: a person’s course of professional life; as a verb: to move swiftly and in an uncontrolled way.
Example
She built a successful career in medicine.
Elle a construit une carrière réussie dans la médecine.
B1 noun /sərˈtɪfɪkət/

certificate

certificat
Meaning
a document serving as proof of achievement or qualification
Example
She received a certificate for completing the course.
Elle a reçu un certificat pour avoir terminé le cours.
A2 adjective /ˈkjʊriəs/

curious

curieux
Meaning
Eager to know or learn something.
Example
The curious explorers asked questions about Antarctica.
Les explorateurs curieux ont posé des questions sur l'Antarctique.
B2 noun /ˈkɒk.roʊtʃ/

Cockroach

cafard
Meaning
a flat brown insect that is commonly found in kitchens and other warm places
Example
A cockroach ran across the kitchen floor quickly.
Un cafard a couru rapidement sur le sol de la cuisine.
B2 noun kəˈmɒd.ə.ti

commodity

marchandise
Meaning
A raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold.
Example
Oil is a valuable commodity in the global market.
Le pétrole est une marchandise précieuse sur le marché mondial.
B2 adjective /ˈkrɒnɪk/

chronic

chronique
Meaning
Lasting for a long time or constantly recurring, often describing illness.
Example
She suffers from chronic back pain.
Elle souffre de douleurs chroniques au dos.
B2 adjective ˈkʌtɪŋ ˌɛdʒ

cutting-edge

à la pointe, innovant, technologie de pointe
Meaning
The most advanced or innovative; at the forefront of development.
Example
This company develops cutting-edge technology.
Cette entreprise développe des technologies de pointe.
C1 verb /ˈkɒnsɔːrt/

consort

partenaire, conjoint royal
Meaning
To associate with someone, typically with disapproval; also, a spouse of a reigning monarch.
Example
He was criticized for consorting with criminals.
Il a été critiqué pour avoir fréquenté des criminels.
C1 adjective /kənˈtɛmptəbl/

contemptible

méprisable, détestable
Meaning
deserving of contempt; despicable
Example
His deceitful actions were truly contemptible.
Ses actions trompeuses étaient véritablement méprisables.
B2 adjective ˌkɒm.prɪˈhen.sɪv

comprehensive

complet
Meaning
Including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something; complete and thorough.
Example
A comprehensive study enhances understanding.
Une étude complète améliore la compréhension.
A2 noun /ˌsɛlɪˈbreɪʃən/

celebration

célébration
Meaning
a festive event or activity to honor an occasion
Example
The city held a grand celebration on Independence Day.
La ville a organisé une grande célébration le jour de l'Indépendance.
B2 noun /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

capability

capacité
Meaning
The ability or capacity to do something.
Example
The telescope's capability is unparalleled.
La capacité du télescope est inégalée.
B2 noun /ˈʃeɪndʒ ˈmænɪdʒmənt/

change management

gestion du changement
Meaning
The discipline that guides how we prepare, equip and support individuals, teams and organizations in making organizational change.
Example
Change management ensures smooth transitions.
La gestion du changement assure des transitions fluides.
B1 adverb /ˈkɒnstəntli/

Constantly

constamment; toujours; sans arrêt
Meaning
continuously over a period of time; always; without stopping
Example
The baby was constantly crying throughout the night.
Le bébé pleurait constamment toute la nuit.
C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

chiffre
Meaning
A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.
Example
Military messages are protected using a cipher.
Les messages militaires sont protégés par un chiffre.
C1 noun /kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/

constituency

circonscription
Meaning
A geographical area whose residents elect a representative to a legislative body.
Example
She campaigned tirelessly across her constituency.
Elle a fait campagne sans relâche dans sa circonscription.
C1 adjective /kənˈdjuː.sɪv/

conducive

favorable
Meaning
Making a certain situation or outcome likely or possible; contributing to or helping to bring about.
Example
A quiet environment is conducive to studying.
Un environnement calme est favorable à l'étude.
C1 verb /krɪndʒ/

cringe

se recroqueviller
Meaning
To shrink back in fear, embarrassment, or discomfort.
Example
She cringed when she remembered her mistake.
Elle s'est recroquevillée lorsqu'elle se souvint de son erreur.
C2 adjective /ˈkɒndʒʊɡəl/

conjugal

conyugal
Meaning
relating to marriage or the relationship between husband and wife
Example
They enjoyed a long life of conjugal happiness.
Ils ont vécu une longue vie de bonheur conjugal.
B1 noun /kæmˈpeɪn/

Campaign

campagne
Meaning
an organized course of action to achieve a particular goal; a series of military operations
Example
The environmental campaign successfully raised awareness about climate change.
La campagne environnementale a réussi à sensibiliser le public au changement climatique.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊntərˌpɔɪnt/

counterpoint

contrepoint
Meaning
an argument, idea, or theme contrasting with another; also a musical term for independent melody
Example
Her calm attitude was a counterpoint to his anger.
Son attitude calme était un contrepoint à sa colère.
B2 verb /kɜːrb/

curb

freiner / contrôler
Meaning
to restrain, control, or limit something
Example
The government took steps to curb inflation.
Le gouvernement a pris des mesures pour freiner l'inflation.
B2 preposition /kənˈsɜːnɪŋ/

concerning

concernant
Meaning
about or relating to something; causing worry or anxiety
Example
There are some reports concerning the new project.
Il y a quelques rapports concernant le nouveau projet.
B2 noun /kəmˈpɑːrt.mənt/

Compartment

compartiment
Meaning
a separate section or division of a larger space, especially in a train
Example
We found seats in the first-class compartment.
Nous avons trouvé des sièges dans le compartiment de première classe.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊn.səl.ər/

counselor

conseiller
Meaning
a person trained to give guidance on personal, social, or psychological problems
Example
The school counselor helped the student deal with stress.
Le conseiller scolaire a aidé l'élève à gérer le stress.
B2 noun /koʊˈɪn.sɪ.dəns/

Coincidence

coïncidence
Meaning
a remarkable occurrence of events or circumstances without apparent causal connection; chance happening
Example
It was a strange coincidence that they both wore the same dress to the party.
C'était une étrange coïncidence qu'ils aient tous les deux porté la même robe à la fête.
C1 noun /ˈkʌˈs.tə.di/

Custody

garde; détention; tutelle
Meaning
the protective care or guardianship of someone or something; imprisonment or detention
Example
After the divorce, they shared custody of their children equally.
Après le divorce, ils ont partagé la garde de leurs enfants également.
B2 noun /kənˈtroʊlər/

controller

contrôleur
Meaning
a person or device that manages, directs, or regulates something
Example
The game controller made it easy to play the video game.
Le contrôleur de jeu a facilité le jeu du jeu vidéo.
B1 noun /ˌkæl.kjəˈleɪ.ʃən/

Calculation

calcul
Meaning
a mathematical determination of the size or number of something
Example
His calculation of the total cost was accurate to the penny.
Son calcul du coût total était précis au centime près.
B2 noun /ˈkɒm.ɪt/

Comet

comète
Meaning
a celestial object consisting of ice and dust that develops a tail when approaching the sun
Example
Halley's Comet appears in the sky every 76 years.
La comète de Halley apparaît dans le ciel tous les 76 ans.
C1 verb /ˈkrɪstəlaɪz/

crystallize

cristalliser
Meaning
to form crystals; to make an idea or plan clear and definite
Example
Her vague thoughts began to crystallize into a solid plan.
Ses pensées floues ont commencé à se cristalliser en un plan solide.
B2 noun /ˈkɒntræktər/

contractor

entrepreneur
Meaning
a person or company that agrees to provide materials or labor to perform a service or do a job
Example
The contractor completed the building project on time.
L'entrepreneur a terminé le projet de construction à temps.
B2 noun /kəˈrɪkjələm/

curriculum

programme d'études
Meaning
The subjects comprising a course of study in a school, college, or university.
Example
The school updated its curriculum to include more digital literacy courses.
L'école a mis à jour son programme d'études pour inclure davantage de cours de littératie numérique.
C2 adjective /ˌkɑːmənˈsɛnsɪkəl/

commonsensical

raisonnable
Meaning
based on or showing sound practical judgment; sensible
Example
It was commonsensical to carry an umbrella on a rainy day.
Il était raisonnable d’emporter un parapluie un jour de pluie.
C1 noun /kəˈmoʊʃən/

commotion

agitation
Meaning
A state of noisy confusion or disturbance.
Example
The sudden commotion in the market drew everyone's attention.
L'agitation soudaine au marché a attiré l'attention de tout le monde.
A2 adjective /ˈtʃɪə.fəl/

Cheerful

joyeux; optimiste; plein de joie
Meaning
happy and optimistic; full of joy and good spirits; bright and lively
Example
She has a cheerful personality that brightens everyone's day.
Elle a une personnalité joyeuse qui illumine la journée de tout le monde.
B1 adjective /kənˈvɪnst/

convinced

convaincu
Meaning
completely certain or sure about something
Example
She was convinced that he was telling the truth.
Elle était convaincue qu'il disait la vérité.
B2 noun /kəˈlɑːʒ/

collage

collage
Meaning
A piece of art made by sticking various materials such as photographs or paper onto a surface.
Example
She created a collage using old magazine pictures.
Elle a créé un collage en utilisant des photos anciennes de magazines.
B2 verb /ˈkeɪtər/

cater

cuisiner
Meaning
To provide food, drinks, or services, usually for an event or group.
Example
The company catered the wedding reception.
L'entreprise a préparé le dîner pour la réception du mariage.
C1 noun /ˈʃɪvəlri/

chivalry

chevalerie
Meaning
The medieval knightly system with its moral, social, and religious code; courteous behavior, especially toward women.
Example
The knight lived by the code of chivalry.
Le chevalier vivait selon le code de la chevalerie.
B1 adjective ˈkʌltʃərəl

cultural

culturel
Meaning
Relating to the arts and to intellectual achievements.
Example
Schools organize cultural programs to honor Victory Day.
Les écoles organisent des programmes culturels pour honorer le jour de la victoire.
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.frənˈteɪ.ʃən/

Confrontation

confrontation
Meaning
a hostile or argumentative meeting or situation between opposing parties; direct challenge or opposition
Example
The confrontation between the two leaders ended without any agreement.
La confrontation entre les deux dirigeants s'est terminée sans accord.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.ʃəs.nəs/

consciousness

conscience
Meaning
The state of being aware of and able to think about one's existence, sensations, thoughts, and surroundings.
Example
Meditation helps improve consciousness and clarity of thought.
La méditation aide à améliorer la conscience et la clarté de la pensée.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃʌbi/

chubby

dodue
Meaning
slightly fat in a way that looks healthy and pleasant
Example
The baby has chubby cheeks.
Le bébé a des joues dodues.
C1 noun /ˈsɪstərn/

cistern

réservoir
Meaning
A tank or container for storing water, usually for household use.
Example
The old house still had a cistern to collect rainwater.
La vieille maison avait encore un réservoir pour recueillir l'eau de pluie.
B1 noun /ˈkʊkər/

cooker

cuisinière; cuiseur
Meaning
a device or appliance used for cooking food; a person or thing that cooks
Example
The rice cooker makes cooking meals much easier.
Le cuiseur à riz rend la cuisine plus facile.
C2 adjective /kənˈsʌmptɪv/

consumptive

consumptif
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by consumption; historically used to describe someone suffering from tuberculosis.
Example
The doctor advised against consumptive habits.
Le médecin a déconseillé les habitudes consumptives.
B1 noun /ˈkændɪdeɪt/

candidate

candidat
Meaning
A person who applies for a job or is nominated for election.
Example
The candidate gave a strong speech during the debate.
Le candidat a fait un discours fort pendant le débat.
C1 noun /ˈʃæpəroʊn/

chaperon

accompagnateur
Meaning
An older person who accompanies and supervises young people in social situations.
Example
The teacher acted as a chaperon during the school dance.
L'enseignant a agi en tant qu'accompagnateur pendant le bal scolaire.
C1 noun /kəˈluːʒən/

collusion

collusion
Meaning
A secret agreement or cooperation, especially for an illegal or dishonest purpose.
Example
There was evidence of collusion between the officials and the contractors.
Il y avait des preuves de collusion entre les fonctionnaires et les entrepreneurs.
C2 noun /kəmˈpleɪsəns/

complacence

Meaning
a feeling of quiet pleasure or self-satisfaction, often without awareness of potential danger
Example
His complacence prevented him from noticing the risks.
B2 noun /ˈkʊriər/

courier

livreur
Meaning
a person or company that delivers messages, packages, or mail
Example
The courier delivered the documents on time.
Le livreur a livré les documents à temps.
C2 adjective /sɛnˈtrɪpɪtəl/

centripetal

centripète
Meaning
Moving or directed toward a center.
Example
Centripetal force keeps the planets in orbit around the sun.
La force centripète maintient les planètes en orbite autour du soleil.
A2 noun কন্ডিশন

condition

état
Meaning
A particular state of health or physical fitness; a medical problem.
Example
The condition worsens without proper treatment.
L'état s'aggrave sans traitement approprié.
C1 adjective/verb /ˈkɒn.sə.mət/

consummate

compléter ou perfectionner quelque chose avec une grande habileté
Meaning
To complete or perfect something with great skill
Example
He is a consummate artist with years of experience.
C'est un artiste consommé avec des années d'expérience.
B2 noun ˌkɒn.fɪ.den.ʃiˈæl.ɪ.ti

confidentiality

confidentialité
Meaning
The state of keeping or being kept secret or private
Example
Confidentiality is crucial in data security.
La confidentialité est cruciale dans la sécurité des données.
C2 noun /kənˈsaɪnər/

consignor

expéditeur
Meaning
a person or company that sends goods to be sold or transported
Example
The consignor shipped the goods to the warehouse.
L'expéditeur a envoyé les marchandises à l'entrepôt.
B2 adjective /kɒzˈmɛt.ɪk/

cosmetic

cosmétique
Meaning
relating to beauty or appearance; intended to improve looks
Example
She bought a new cosmetic cream for her skin.
Elle a acheté une nouvelle crème cosmétique pour sa peau.
C2 adjective /ˌkæləˈrɪfɪk/

calorific

calorique
Meaning
Relating to the amount of energy contained in food or fuel.
Example
Chocolate is highly calorific, so it should be eaten in moderation.
Le chocolat est très calorique, il doit donc être consommé avec modération.
C1 verb kəˈrɒb.ə.reɪt

corroborate

corroborer
Meaning
Confirm or give support to a statement, theory, or finding.
Example
The witness corroborated the defendant's testimony.
Le témoin a corroboré le témoignage du prévenu.
C2 adjective /kəˈkɒfənəs/

cacophonous

cacophonique
Meaning
Producing a harsh, discordant mixture of sounds.
Example
The cacophonous sounds of the city kept her awake all night.
Les bruits cacophoniques de la ville l'ont empêchée de dormir toute la nuit.
B2 adjective /ˈkæθəlɪk/

catholic

catholique
Meaning
Including a wide variety; all-embracing; relating to the Roman Catholic Church.
Example
She has catholic tastes in music, enjoying everything from jazz to opera.
Elle a des goûts catholiques en musique, appréciant tout, du jazz à l'opéra.
C1 noun /kɑːɡ/

cog

dent de roue ou d'engrenage
Meaning
A tooth on the rim of a wheel or gear; metaphorically, a minor but necessary part of a larger system.
Example
He felt like just a small cog in a big machine.
Il se sentait comme un petit rouage dans une grande machine.
B1 noun /kɒp/

cop

policier
Meaning
a police officer (informal)
Example
The cop stopped the car for speeding.
Le policier a arrêté la voiture pour excès de vitesse.
C2 noun /kəˌrɒbəˈreɪʃən/

corroboration

corroboration
Meaning
evidence that confirms or supports a statement, theory, or finding
Example
The documents provided strong corroboration of her claims.
Les documents ont fourni une forte corroboration de ses affirmations.
C1 adjective /ˈkɔː.stɪk/

caustic

caustique, acerbe
Meaning
able to burn or corrode by chemical action; severely sarcastic
Example
Her caustic remarks hurt his feelings.
Ses remarques caustiques ont blessé ses sentiments.
B2 verb /kəmˈplaɪ/

comply

se conformer
Meaning
to act in accordance with a rule, request, or law
Example
All companies must comply with safety regulations.
Toutes les entreprises doivent se conformer aux réglementations de sécurité.
C1 adjective /koʊˈɜːrsɪv/

coercive

coercitif
Meaning
Relating to or using force or threats to make someone do something.
Example
The government faced criticism for adopting coercive measures against protestors.
Le gouvernement a été critiqué pour avoir adopté des mesures coercitives contre les manifestants.
B2 noun /kənˈsɛnt/

consent

consentement
Meaning
permission for something to happen or agreement to do something
Example
She gave her consent before the operation.
Elle a donné son consentement avant l'opération.
C1 noun /kəˈnʌn.drəm/

conundrum

problème complexe ou énigme
Meaning
A complex problem or puzzle without an easy solution
Example
The ethical conundrum puzzled the researchers.
Le dilemme éthique a perturbé les chercheurs.
B2 noun ˌkɒn.stɪˈtjuː.ʃən

constitution

constitution
Meaning
A body of fundamental principles or established precedents according to which a state is governed.
Example
Constitutional reforms ensure equity.
Les réformes constitutionnelles assurent l'équité.
B1 verb /kənˈfɜːrm/

confirm

confirmer
Meaning
to establish the truth, accuracy, or validity of something
Example
The hotel will confirm your reservation by email.
L'hôtel confirmera votre réservation par e-mail.
B2 noun /ˈkɒpə/

copper

cuivre
Meaning
a reddish-brown metal used for electrical wiring, coins, and more
Example
Copper is a good conductor of electricity.
Le cuivre est un bon conducteur d'électricité.
C2 verb /ˈkɒsɪt/

cosset

choyer
Meaning
to care for and protect in an overindulgent way
Example
The little girl was cosseted by her grandparents.
La petite fille était choyée par ses grands-parents.
C1 noun /ˈkælɪbər/

caliber

calibre
Meaning
The quality of someone's ability or character; the internal diameter of a gun barrel.
Example
The university attracts students of high caliber.
L'université attire des étudiants de haut calibre.
C1 noun /ˈkɑr.nɪdʒ/

Carnage

carnage
Meaning
the killing of a large number of people; widespread slaughter
Example
The battlefield was filled with carnage after the brutal war.
Le champ de bataille était rempli de carnage après la guerre brutale.