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C1 noun/verb kənˈdʒɛk.tʃər

conjecture

conjecture
Meaning
An opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of incomplete information; to form an opinion or supposition about something.
Example
The scientist's conjecture was later proven true.
La conjecture du scientifique a ensuite été prouvée juste.
C1 verb /ˈsɪvɪlaɪz/

civilize

civiliser
Meaning
to bring a society or group to a more developed, organized, or socially acceptable state; to educate and refine behavior
Example
Education can help civilize communities by promoting shared values and respect.
L’éducation peut aider à civiliser les communautés en favorisant des valeurs partagées et le respect.
C2 adjective /ˈkæloʊ/

callow

immature
Meaning
Inexperienced and immature.
Example
The callow intern made several mistakes on his first day.
Le stagiaire immature a fait plusieurs erreurs lors de son premier jour.
B2 adjective /ˌkɒst.ɪˈfɪʃ.ənt/

cost-efficient

rentable
Meaning
Achieving maximum productivity with minimum wasted effort or expense.
Example
Cost-efficient solutions benefit industries.
Les solutions rentables bénéficient aux industries.
B1 noun /ˈkæmpəs/

campus

campus
Meaning
The grounds and buildings of a university, college, or school.
Example
The university campus is filled with students during the fall semester.
Le campus universitaire est rempli d'étudiants pendant le semestre d'automne.
C1 adjective /ˈkræfti/

crafty

rusé, astucieux, sournois
Meaning
skilled at achieving goals through cunning or deceit; sly
Example
The crafty fox evaded the hunters again.
Le renard rusé a de nouveau échappé aux chasseurs.
A2 noun ˈtʃælɪndʒ

challenge

défi
Meaning
A call to take part in a contest or competition, especially a demanding or stimulating one; a task or situation that tests someone's abilities.
Example
Plastic pollution poses a significant challenge to global health.
La pollution plastique représente un défi important pour la santé mondiale.
B2 noun ˈkɔːrəl ˈriːfs

Coral Reefs

récifs coralliens
Meaning
Underwater structures made from calcium carbonate secreted by corals, forming diverse marine ecosystems.
Example
Saint Martin's Island is known for its coral reefs.
L'île de Saint-Martin est connue pour ses récifs coralliens.
B2 noun /ˈkæriər/

carrier

transporteur
Meaning
A person or thing that carries, transports, or conveys something; also an organization that provides transport services.
Example
The airline is the largest carrier in the country.
La compagnie aérienne est le plus grand transporteur du pays.
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

froisser
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
Il a froissé le papier et l'a jeté dans la poubelle.
B2 verb /kənˈfes/

confess

avouer
Meaning
to admit guilt or wrongdoing; to acknowledge
Example
He confessed his mistake to his teacher.
Il a avoué son erreur à son professeur.
C1 adjective /ˈkɜːrsəri/

cursory

superficiel
Meaning
Hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
Example
He gave the report only a cursory glance before the meeting.
Il a jeté un coup d'œil superficiel au rapport avant la réunion.
B2 adjective /ˈkɜːrtiəs/

courteous

courtois
Meaning
polite, respectful, or considerate in manner
Example
The staff at the hotel were very courteous to all guests.
Le personnel de l'hôtel a été très courtois avec tous les invités.
B1 noun kəˈmɪt.mənts

commitments

engagements
Meaning
Formal pledges or promises to do something, especially in terms of obligations or agreements.
Example
Global commitments to renewable energy are increasing.
Les engagements mondiaux en matière d'énergie renouvelable augmentent.
B2 noun/adjective /kənˈstɪtʃuənt/

constituent

composant / électeur
Meaning
Noun: A member of a constituency or an essential part of something. Adjective: Being a necessary part of a whole.
Example
The senator met with his constituents to discuss local issues.
Le sénateur a rencontré ses électeurs pour discuter des problèmes locaux.
C1 noun kəˈmɛns.mənt

commencement

commencement
Meaning
The beginning of something; a ceremony at which degrees or diplomas are conferred on graduating students.
Example
The commencement ceremony marked the start of a new journey.
La cérémonie de commencement a marqué le début d'un nouveau voyage.
B2 noun /ˈkɒləni/

colony

colonie
Meaning
a territory or community controlled by another country or group of people
Example
India was once a British colony.
L'Inde était autrefois une colonie britannique.
B2 verb /kənˈfɔːrm/

conform

se conformer
Meaning
To comply with rules, standards, or laws.
Example
Students must conform to the school regulations.
Les étudiants doivent se conformer aux règlements scolaires.
C1 verb /kʌl/

cull

sélectionner / éliminer
Meaning
to select or remove from a larger group, often to reduce numbers
Example
The farmers decided to cull the sick animals from the herd.
Les fermiers ont décidé d'éliminer les animaux malades du troupeau.
A2 noun /kraɪm/

crime

crime
Meaning
An illegal act punishable by law.
Example
The police are investigating the crime.
La police enquête sur le crime.
C2 noun /ˈkreɪniəm/

cranium

crâne
Meaning
the skull, especially the part enclosing the brain
Example
The archaeologists carefully examined the ancient cranium.
Les archéologues ont soigneusement examiné le crâne ancien.
C1 noun /ˈkærɪkətjʊə/

caricature

caricature
Meaning
A picture or description that exaggerates certain features for comic or satirical effect.
Example
The magazine published a caricature of the politician.
Le magazine a publié une caricature du politicien.
B1 verb /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz/

criticize

critiquer
Meaning
to express disapproval or find fault with someone or something
Example
The teacher criticized the student's poor handwriting.
Le professeur a critiqué l'écriture médiocre de l'élève.
A2 verb /kəˈlɛkt/

collect

collecter
Meaning
to gather together; to accumulate items
Example
I collect stamps as a hobby.
Je collectionne des timbres comme passe-temps.
C2 adjective /kænˈtæŋ.kər.əs/

cantankerous

grincheux
Meaning
Bad-tempered, argumentative, and uncooperative.
Example
The cantankerous old man complained about everything.
Le vieux grincheux se plaignait de tout.
C1 noun /klæn/

clan

clan
Meaning
a large family group or a close-knit community with shared interests or ancestry
Example
The entire clan gathered to celebrate the festival.
Le clan entier s'est réuni pour célébrer le festival.
C2 verb /ˈkæstreɪt/

castrate

castrer
Meaning
To remove the testicles of a male animal or human.
Example
The farmer castrated the young bulls to make them easier to manage.
L'agriculteur a castré les jeunes taureaux pour les rendre plus faciles à gérer.
B1 noun /koʊm/

Comb

peigne
Meaning
a toothed device for arranging or cleaning the hair
Example
She used a comb to style her hair before the party.
Elle a utilisé un peigne pour coiffer ses cheveux avant la fête.
B2 adjective /ˈkɑːmjənl/

communal

communautaire
Meaning
Shared by all members of a community; for common use.
Example
The villagers worked together in the communal garden.
Les villageois ont travaillé ensemble dans le jardin communautaire.
C2 noun ˌkɒmpjʊˈteɪʃənəl kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃən

computational communication

communication computationnelle
Meaning
Digital exchange and automated interaction; the use of computational methods and systems to facilitate communication and information sharing.
Example
Computational communication is reshaping how we share information.
La communication computationnelle redéfinit la manière dont nous partageons les informations.
C1 noun ˈkætəlɪst

catalyst

catalyseur
Meaning
A person or thing that precipitates an event or change.
Example
His speech acted as a catalyst for change in the community.
Son discours a agi comme un catalyseur pour le changement dans la communauté.
C2 noun /ˌkɒnsæŋˈɡwɪnɪti/

consanguinity

consanguinité
Meaning
The fact of being descended from the same ancestor; blood relationship.
Example
The degree of consanguinity was important in inheritance laws.
Le degré de consanguinité était important dans les lois de l'héritage.
B2 verb /kənˈsiːv/

conceive

concevoir, devenir enceinte
Meaning
to form or imagine an idea in the mind; to become pregnant
Example
It is hard to conceive how such an idea could succeed.
Il est difficile de concevoir comment une idée comme celle-ci pourrait réussir.
C1 adverb /ˈkɔːrdiəli/

Cordially

cordialement
Meaning
in a warm and friendly manner; sincerely
Example
You are cordially invited to our wedding ceremony.
Vous êtes cordialement invités à notre cérémonie de mariage.
A1 noun /ker/

Care

soin; protection; attention
Meaning
the provision of what is necessary for health, welfare, or protection
Example
The nurse provided excellent care for the elderly patients.
L'infirmière a fourni d'excellents soins aux patients âgés.
C1 verb /kənˈstrɪkt/

constrict

constrict
Meaning
to make narrower or tighter; to shrink or compress
Example
The snake constricted its prey before swallowing.
Le serpent a contracté sa proie avant de l'avaler.
C1 noun/verb /ˈkætəpʌlt/

catapult

catapulte
Meaning
A device for launching objects at high speed; to hurl or launch something suddenly.
Example
The invention catapulted him to international fame.
L'invention l'a catapulté à la célébrité internationale.
C1 noun, verb /ˈkɒmjuːn/

commune

commune / communiquer intimement
Meaning
Noun: a group of people living together and sharing possessions; Verb: to share one's thoughts or feelings intimately.
Example
She went to the countryside to commune with nature.
Elle est allée à la campagne pour communier avec la nature.
C1 noun /kəmˈpəʊ.ʒər/

composure

état de calme et de maîtrise de soi
Meaning
The state or feeling of being calm and in control of oneself.
Example
She maintained her composure during the interview.
Elle a gardé son calme pendant l'entretien.
C2 noun /krɪpˈtɒɡ.rə.fi/

cryptography

pratique de sécuriser les informations par des techniques de cryptage ou de codage
Meaning
The practice of securing information through encryption or coding techniques
Example
Modern cryptography ensures secure online transactions.
La cryptographie moderne garantit des transactions en ligne sécurisées.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrdəməm/

Cardamom

cardamome
Meaning
aromatic seeds from a plant in the ginger family, used as a spice
Example
The recipe calls for a pinch of ground cardamom.
La recette nécessite une pincée de cardamome moulue.
A2 noun ˈkæm.pɪŋ

camping

camping
Meaning
Living outdoors temporarily, especially for recreation; staying in a tent or similar shelter.
Example
Many families go camping during holidays.
De nombreuses familles font du camping pendant les vacances.
C1 noun /ˈʃɪvəlri/

chivalry

chevalerie
Meaning
The medieval knightly system with its moral, social, and religious code; courteous behavior, especially toward women.
Example
The knight lived by the code of chivalry.
Le chevalier vivait selon le code de la chevalerie.
B2 noun/verb /kjuː/

cue

signal
Meaning
A signal or prompt for action; to give a signal.
Example
The actor waited for his cue before entering the stage.
L'acteur a attendu son signal avant d'entrer sur scène.
C2 noun /kəˈbɑl/

Cabal

cabal
Meaning
a secret political clique or faction
Example
The journalists exposed a cabal of corrupt politicians working together.
Les journalistes ont exposé un cabal de politiciens corrompus travaillant ensemble.
C2 adjective /kənˈvɪviəl/

convivial

amical, animé et agréable; sociable
Meaning
friendly, lively, and enjoyable; sociable
Example
The party had a convivial atmosphere with music and laughter.
La fête avait une atmosphère conviviale avec de la musique et des rires.
B2 noun /kənˈspɪrəsi/

conspiracy

conspiration
Meaning
A secret plan by a group to do something unlawful or harmful.
Example
The police uncovered a conspiracy to overthrow the government.
La police a découvert une conspiration pour renverser le gouvernement.
B2 adjective, noun /ˈkɑːmənpleɪs/

commonplace

banal
Meaning
ordinary or unremarkable; something that is usual or commonly found
Example
Smartphones have become commonplace in modern life.
Les smartphones sont devenus banals dans la vie moderne.
C1 verb /kɑːrp/

carp

se plaindre
Meaning
to complain or find fault continually, often about trivial matters
Example
She tends to carp about the smallest inconveniences.
Elle a tendance à se plaindre des plus petites contrariétés.
C2 verb /kɔːk/

caulk

calfeutrer
Meaning
to seal a crack or gap with a waterproof filler
Example
He caulked the window frames to stop the draft.
Il a calfeutré les cadres de fenêtres pour arrêter le courant d'air.
C2 adjective /ˌkɒn.tjʊˈmeɪ.ʃəs/

contumacious

insoumis, récalcitrant
Meaning
stubbornly disobedient or rebellious
Example
The contumacious student refused to follow the school rules.
L'étudiant insoumis a refusé de suivre les règles de l'école.
B2 verb /ˈkɑːmpənseɪt/

compensate

compenser
Meaning
to give something to make up for loss or damage; to counterbalance
Example
The company will compensate employees for overtime work.
L'entreprise compensera les employés pour le travail supplémentaire.
C1 noun /ˈkɒt.ən ˈfæb.rɪk/

Cotton Fabric

tissu de coton
Meaning
textile made from cotton fibers, known for being soft, breathable, and comfortable
Example
Cotton fabric is perfect for summer clothing.
Le tissu de coton est parfait pour les vêtements d'été.
A2 noun /kənˈtrəʊl/

control

contrôle
Meaning
The power to influence or direct people's behavior or the course of events.
Example
Proper control measures are necessary.
Des mesures de contrôle appropriées sont nécessaires.
C2 noun /kəmˈpleɪsəns/

complacence

Meaning
a feeling of quiet pleasure or self-satisfaction, often without awareness of potential danger
Example
His complacence prevented him from noticing the risks.
B1 noun /ˈkɜː.ri/

Curry

curry
Meaning
a dish of meat, vegetables, etc., cooked in an Indian-style sauce with hot spices
Example
I love spicy chicken curry with rice.
J'adore le curry de poulet épicé avec du riz.
B1 noun ˈtʃæt.dʒiː.piː.tiː

ChatGPT

Un modèle d'intelligence artificielle basé sur le langage
Meaning
A language-based artificial intelligence model designed for conversational interactions.
Example
ChatGPT helps users generate human-like text efficiently.
ChatGPT aide les utilisateurs à générer du texte semblable à celui d'un humain de manière efficace.
B1 noun /ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp/

citizenship

citoyenneté
Meaning
the status of being a recognized member of a state or country, with rights and duties
Example
He applied for American citizenship after living there for ten years.
Il a demandé la citoyenneté américaine après y avoir vécu pendant dix ans.
C1 adjective /kənˈspɪkjuəs/

conspicuous

conspicueux
Meaning
Easily noticeable; attracting attention due to being unusual or prominent.
Example
Her red dress made her conspicuous at the party.
Sa robe rouge la rendait conspicueuse à la fête.
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

couvre-feu
Meaning
a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night
Example
The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.
La ville a imposé un couvre-feu pendant les troubles.
A2 noun /ˈkɑr.pɪt/

Carpet

tapis
Meaning
a floor covering made from thick woven fabric
Example
The Persian carpet in the living room was a family heirloom.
Le tapis persan dans le salon était un héritage familial.
C1 adjective /ˈkoʊvərt/

covert

secret
Meaning
hidden, secret, or not openly acknowledged
Example
The spy conducted a covert operation behind enemy lines.
L'espion a mené une opération secrète derrière les lignes ennemies.
A1 noun /kəmˈpjuːtə(r)/

computer

ordinateur
Meaning
an electronic device for storing and processing data
Example
I bought a new computer for my office work.
J'ai acheté un nouvel ordinateur pour mon travail au bureau.
B1 noun /ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃən/

combination

combinaison / mélange
Meaning
The act of joining or mixing two or more things together.
Example
This dish is a perfect combination of sweet and spicy flavors.
Ce plat est une combinaison parfaite de saveurs sucrées et épicées.
C1 verb koʊˈɜrs

coerce

contraindre
Meaning
To force someone to do something against their will using threats or intimidation.
Example
The manager tried to coerce the employees into working overtime.
Le directeur a tenté de contraindre les employés à faire des heures supplémentaires.
C2 noun /kænˈtɑː.tə/

cantata

cantate
Meaning
A vocal composition with instrumental accompaniment, typically in several movements, often involving a choir.
Example
The choir performed a beautiful cantata during the festival.
Le chœur a interprété une belle cantate pendant le festival.
C1 adjective ˈkrɪp.tɪk

cryptic

cryptique, énigmatique, obscure
Meaning
Having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure; difficult to understand.
Example
The message was cryptic and hard to decipher.
Le message était cryptique et difficile à déchiffrer.
B1 noun /kənˈvɛnʃən/

convention

convention
Meaning
a widely accepted way of behaving or doing something; a formal meeting
Example
The annual writers' convention was held in Dhaka.
La convention annuelle des écrivains a eu lieu à Dhaka.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛndɪŋ/

condescending

condescendant
Meaning
having or showing an attitude of patronizing superiority
Example
Her condescending tone upset her colleagues.
Son ton condescendant a dérangé ses collègues.
B2 noun /ˈtʃæpəl/

chapel

chapelle
Meaning
A small church or a room used for Christian worship, often within a larger building.
Example
The couple got married in a small countryside chapel.
Le couple s'est marié dans une petite chapelle à la campagne.
C1 noun /ˈkleɪmənt/

claimant

demandeur
Meaning
a person who makes a claim, especially in a legal or financial context
Example
The claimant filed for compensation after the accident.
Le demandeur a déposé une demande de compensation après l'accident.
C1 noun /kəˈmɪtl̩/

committal

envoi en prison / détention
Meaning
The action of sending a person to prison or a mental hospital; also the act of committing something to a particular place.
Example
The judge ordered the committal of the accused to custody.
Le juge a ordonné l'envoi de l'accusé en détention.
B2 noun /kənˈvɜːrtər/

converter

convertisseur
Meaning
a device or person that changes something from one form, system, or use to another; a tool that converts data, energy, or materials
Example
The engineer used a converter to change AC power into DC power.
L’ingénieur a utilisé un convertisseur pour transformer le courant alternatif en continu.
A2 noun /tʃæns/

chance

opportunité
Meaning
An opportunity or possibility of something happening.
Example
He took a chance and applied for the job.
Il a pris une chance et a postulé pour le travail.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒnvɛks/

convex

convexe, arrondi vers l'extérieur
Meaning
curved or rounded outward
Example
The lens has a convex shape to focus light.
La lentille a une forme convexe pour focaliser la lumière.
C1 adjective, verb, noun /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

counterfeit

contrefait
Meaning
made to look like something genuine in order to deceive
Example
The police seized a batch of counterfeit currency.
La police a saisi un lot de billets contrefaits.
C2 verb /kædʒ/

cadge

quémander
Meaning
To beg or obtain something, especially food or money, without paying for it.
Example
He tried to cadge a free meal from the restaurant.
Il a essayé de quémander un repas gratuit au restaurant.
C1 noun ˌsɛn.trə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

centralization

centralisation
Meaning
The concentration of control and decision-making power in a central authority.
Example
Excessive centralization can slow down decision-making.
Une centralisation excessive peut ralentir la prise de décision.
B2 noun /kreɪn/

Crane

grue
Meaning
a large tall bird with long legs and neck; a machine for lifting heavy objects
Example
The graceful crane stood motionless by the water's edge.
La gracieuse grue est restée immobile au bord de l'eau.
B2 noun /ˈklær.ɪ.ti/

clarity

clarté
Meaning
The quality of being coherent and intelligible; transparency or lucidity.
Example
The speaker's clarity made the concept easy to understand.
La clarté de l'orateur a rendu le concept facile à comprendre.
C2 noun /ˈkæm.fər/

Camphor

camphre
Meaning
a white crystalline substance with a strong aromatic smell, used in medicine and religious ceremonies
Example
The temple was filled with the fragrant smoke of burning camphor.
Le temple était rempli de la fumée parfumée du camphre en combustion.
B1 verb /kleɪm/

claim

revendiquer
Meaning
to assert ownership; to state as fact
Example
He claims to be the rightful owner.
Il prétend être le propriétaire légitime.
B1 noun/verb /koʊd/

code

code
Meaning
a system of words, letters, or symbols used to represent information or instructions
Example
He wrote a code to solve the problem on the computer.
Il a écrit un code pour résoudre le problème sur l'ordinateur.
C2 noun /ˌkɒməˈsɛəriət/

commissariat

service des approvisionnements
Meaning
A department responsible for supplying food and equipment, especially in the military.
Example
The army commissariat ensured that the soldiers had enough supplies.
Le service des approvisionnements de l'armée s'est assuré que les soldats avaient suffisamment de provisions.
B1 noun kəˈmɪt.i

committee

comité
Meaning
A group of people appointed for a specific function by a larger group.
Example
A 65-member committee was formed.
Un comité de 65 membres a été formé.
A2 verb kriˈeɪts

creates

créer
Meaning
To bring something into existence or to cause something to happen
Example
Pollution creates environmental and health issues.
La pollution crée des problèmes environnementaux et de santé.
C2 noun /ˈtʃælɪs/

chalice

calice
Meaning
A large cup or goblet, typically used for drinking wine in religious ceremonies.
Example
The priest lifted the golden chalice during the ceremony.
Le prêtre a levé le calice en or pendant la cérémonie.
C1 verb /tʃæsˈtaɪz/

chastise

critiquer sévèrement / punir sévèrement
Meaning
to criticize or punish severely
Example
The teacher chastised the student for being late.
Le professeur a sévèrement réprimandé l'étudiant pour son retard.
C1 noun /kənˈspɪrə.tər/

conspirator

conspirateur
Meaning
a person who secretly plans with others to do something unlawful or harmful
Example
The conspirator was arrested before the plan could be carried out.
Le conspirateur a été arrêté avant que le plan ne puisse être mis à exécution.
B2 adjective ˌkæt.əˈstrɑː.fɪk

catastrophic

catastrophique, dévastateur
Meaning
Involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.
Example
Climate change has catastrophic consequences.
Le changement climatique a des conséquences catastrophiques.
B2 noun /ˈkɑː.bən ˈfʊt.prɪnt/

carbon footprint

empreinte carbone
Meaning
The amount of carbon dioxide and other carbon compounds emitted due to the consumption of fossil fuels by a particular person, group, etc.
Example
Reducing carbon footprint is essential for combating climate change.
Réduire l'empreinte carbone est essentiel pour lutter contre le changement climatique.
B1 noun /tʃɪl/

Chill

froid; sensation de peur ou d'anxiété; se détendre
Meaning
an unpleasant feeling of coldness; a feeling of fear or anxiety; to relax
Example
There was a chill in the air as autumn approached.
Il y avait un frisson dans l'air à mesure que l'automne approchait.
B1 adverb /ˈtʃɪəfəli/

cheerfully

joyeusement
Meaning
in a happy and positive manner; with visible good spirits
Example
She greeted everyone cheerfully despite the long day.
Elle a salué tout le monde joyeusement malgré la longue journée.
C1 noun /ˈsɪtrɪk ˈæsɪd/

Citric Acid

acide citrique
Meaning
a natural acid found in citrus fruits, used as a food preservative and flavoring agent
Example
Add a pinch of citric acid to preserve the color of the fruit jam.
Ajoutez une pincée d'acide citrique pour préserver la couleur de la confiture de fruits.
C1 verb /kraʊtʃ/

crouch

s'accroupir
Meaning
to bend your knees and lower your body close to the ground
Example
The cat crouched before leaping at its prey.
Le chat s'est accroupi avant de sauter sur sa proie.
B2 noun /kroʊ/

Crow

corbeau
Meaning
a large black bird known for its intelligence and harsh call
Example
The crow cawed loudly from the tree branch.
Le corbeau croassa bruyamment depuis la branche de l'arbre.
C1 noun /ˈkæpɪˌlɛri/

capillary

capillaire
Meaning
a very thin blood vessel that connects arteries and veins
Example
Oxygen passes from the blood into tissues through capillaries.
L'oxygène passe du sang dans les tissus par les capillaires.
B2 noun /ˈklaɪ.mæks/

Climax

point culminant
Meaning
the most intense, exciting, or important point of something; the highest or most intense point in a process
Example
The movie reached its climax during the final battle scene.
Le film a atteint son point culminant lors de la scène finale de la bataille.
C1 noun /ˌkɔːriˈɒɡrəfi/

choreography

chorégraphie
Meaning
The art of designing and arranging dances and movements.
Example
The choreography of the ballet was breathtaking.
La chorégraphie du ballet était époustouflante.
B2 noun /ˌsɜːrtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

certification

certification
Meaning
the process of officially recognizing or confirming that something or someone meets required standards; an official document proving qualification
Example
She received her professional certification after completing the training program.
Elle a obtenu sa certification professionnelle après avoir terminé le programme de formation.
C1 noun/adjective /kənˈfɛdərət/

confederate

confédéré
Meaning
a person, group, or state joined in an alliance or union; relating to a confederacy
Example
The confederate soldiers fought bravely in the war.
Les soldats confédérés ont combattu courageusement dans la guerre.
C2 noun /ˌkɒnsaɪˈniː/

consignee

destinataire
Meaning
the person or company to whom goods are delivered
Example
The consignee received the shipment on time.
Le destinataire a reçu l'envoi à temps.
B2 noun /ˌklærɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

clarification

clarification
Meaning
The action of making a statement or situation less confused and more clearly comprehensible.
Example
The manager requested clarification on the project details.
Le gestionnaire a demandé des clarifications sur les détails du projet.
B2 noun /ˈkreɪ.dəl/

Cradle

berceau
Meaning
a small bed for a baby, especially one that rocks from side to side
Example
The baby sleeps peacefully in the cradle.
Le bébé dort paisiblement dans le berceau.
A2 noun /ˈsɛlˌfoʊn/

cellphone

téléphone portable
Meaning
a portable telephone that uses a cellular network for wireless communication
Example
She forgot her cellphone at home and couldn’t call anyone.
Elle a oublié son téléphone portable à la maison et n’a pu appeler personne.
A1 noun /kɑːr/

Car

voiture
Meaning
a four-wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation
Example
I drive my car to work every day.
Je conduis ma voiture au travail tous les jours.
B2 noun, verb /kɜːrs/

curse

malédiction
Meaning
a solemn wish that harm or misfortune should befall someone; a rude or offensive word or phrase; to utter offensive words or wish harm upon someone
Example
He cursed loudly when he realized he had lost his wallet.
Il a juré bruyamment quand il s’est rendu compte qu’il avait perdu son portefeuille.
B2 verb /koʊp/

cope

faire face à
Meaning
to deal effectively with something difficult
Example
She had to cope with a lot of pressure at work.
Elle a dû faire face à beaucoup de pression au travail.
C1 noun /ˈkæləs/

callus

zone épaissie de la peau
Meaning
A thickened and hardened part of the skin or soft tissue, especially in an area subjected to friction.
Example
A callus formed on his palm from using tools every day.
Un callus s'est formé sur sa paume à force d'utiliser des outils tous les jours.
C2 verb /ˌsɜːrkəmˈnævɪɡeɪt/

circumnavigate

faire le tour du monde
Meaning
to travel all the way around something, especially the earth
Example
Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
Magellan fut le premier à faire le tour du monde.
C1 noun /ˈkriː.dəns/

credence

crédibilité, foi
Meaning
belief in or acceptance of something as true
Example
The witness gave credence to the defendant's alibi.
Le témoin a accordé du crédit à l'alibi de l'accusé.
C2 noun /ˈkruːɪt/

cruet

petit récipient
Meaning
a small container, especially for salt, pepper, oil, or vinegar, used at a dining table
Example
She filled the cruet with olive oil for the salad.
Elle a rempli le cruet d'huile d'olive pour la salade.
B2 noun /kəˈθɒlɪsɪzəm/

catholicism

catholicisme
Meaning
The faith, practice, and church order of the Roman Catholic Church.
Example
Catholicism has a long history and rich traditions.
Le catholicisme a une longue histoire et de riches traditions.
B2 verb /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/

contaminate

contaminer
Meaning
To make something impure, dirty, or harmful by contact with a poisonous or polluting substance.
Example
The river was contaminated by industrial waste.
La rivière a été contaminée par des déchets industriels.
C2 noun /ˈkɒntrətɑː̃/

contretemps

malentendu inattendu
Meaning
an unexpected and unfortunate event or disagreement; a minor dispute
Example
There was a small contretemps between the two colleagues during the meeting.
Il y a eu un petit malentendu entre les deux collègues pendant la réunion.
B2 noun /ˌkɑː.bəʊˈhaɪ.dreɪts/

carbohydrates

glucides
Meaning
Organic compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as a primary source of energy for the body.
Example
Whole grains are a great source of healthy carbohydrates.
Les grains entiers sont une excellente source de glucides sains.
C1 verb /kənˈtɛkstʃuəlaɪz/

contextualize

contextualiser
Meaning
to place something in a context or interpret it in relation to its surroundings
Example
The teacher contextualized the historical event to make it more relevant for students.
Le professeur a contextualisé l'événement historique pour le rendre plus pertinent pour les étudiants.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfləˈɡreɪʃən/

conflagaration

faute d'orthographe (de 'conflagration')
Meaning
This is a common misspelling of 'conflagration', which means a large, destructive fire.
Example
The term 'conflagaration' is often incorrectly used instead of 'conflagration'.
Le terme 'conflagaration' est souvent utilisé à tort à la place de 'conflagration'.
B1 verb /ˈkæri aʊt/

carry out

effectuer
Meaning
to perform or complete a task; to execute a plan
Example
The team carries out the project successfully.
L'équipe réalise le projet avec succès.
B1 noun /kæˈʃɪər/

Cashier

caissier
Meaning
a person who handles payments and transactions in a store or bank
Example
The cashier scanned all the items and calculated the total bill.
Le caissier a scanné tous les articles et a calculé le total de la facture.
B1 adjective /ˈsɪvəl/

civil

civil
Meaning
Relating to ordinary citizens and their concerns, or being polite and courteous.
Example
They settled the matter through civil discussion.
Ils ont réglé la question par une discussion civile.