cliff
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Anglais BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Espagnol FR Français DE Allemand RU Russe ZH Chinois JA Japonais
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
B1 noun /klɪf/

cliff

falaise
Meaning
a high, steep face of rock or earth
Example
The waves crashed against the bottom of the cliff.
Les vagues se sont écrasées contre le bas de la falaise.
C1 noun /ɡeɪdʒ/

Gauge

mesureur
Meaning
an instrument for measuring the magnitude, amount, or contents of something
Example
The pressure gauge showed the tank was full.
Le manomètre a montré que le réservoir était plein.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnˈpɑr.də.nə.bəl/

Unpardonable

impardonnable
Meaning
too bad to be forgiven; inexcusable
Example
His betrayal of trust was an unpardonable offense.
Sa trahison était un délit impardonnable.
C2 verb /əˈvɜːr/

aver

affirmer
Meaning
to state or assert something confidently and strongly
Example
She averred that she was innocent.
Elle affirmait qu'elle était innocente.
C1 noun /rɪˈteɪnər/

retainer

avance / appareil de maintien
Meaning
a fee paid in advance to secure someone's services, or a device that holds something in place
Example
The lawyer asked for a retainer before taking the case.
L'avocat a demandé un avance avant de prendre l'affaire.
C2 noun /ˈdɛskænt/

descant

mélodie supplémentaire
Meaning
An additional melody or counterpoint sung or played above the main melody.
Example
The choir added a beautiful descant to the hymn.
Le chœur a ajouté une belle mélodie supplémentaire à l'hymne.
B1 noun /ˈsʌn.laɪt/

sunlight

lumière du soleil
Meaning
Direct light from the sun.
Example
Sunlight does not reach the abyssal depths of the ocean.
La lumière du soleil ne parvient pas aux profondeurs abyssales de l'océan.
A2 noun /wɔːr/

War

guerre
Meaning
a state of armed conflict between different countries or different groups within a country
Example
The war lasted for five years and caused great destruction.
La guerre a duré cinq ans et a causé une grande destruction.
C2 noun /ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡrəfər/

lexicographer

lexicographe
Meaning
A person who compiles, writes, or edits dictionaries.
Example
The lexicographer spent years compiling the dictionary.
Le lexicographe a passé des années à compiler le dictionnaire.
C2 adjective /ˈneɪtl/

natal

relatif à la naissance
Meaning
Relating to birth or the place of birth.
Example
She returned to her natal village after many years.
Elle est retournée dans son village natal après de nombreuses années.
A1 verb (first person singular of 'be') /æm/

am

je
Meaning
the first person singular present tense of 'be'
Example
I am happy today.
Aujourd'hui, je suis heureux.
C1 adjective /ˈhæb.ɪ.tə.bəl/

Habitable

habitable
Meaning
suitable or good enough to live in
Example
The planet Mars may become habitable in the future.
La planète Mars pourrait devenir habitable dans le futur.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/

inconsistency

incohérence
Meaning
The quality of being contradictory, irregular, or not staying the same.
Example
There is an inconsistency between his words and actions.
Il y a une incohérence entre ses paroles et ses actions.
B1 adjective /ˈɜːrdʒənt/

Urgent

urgent
Meaning
requiring immediate action or attention; pressing
Example
The patient needs urgent medical attention.
Le patient a besoin d'une attention médicale urgente.
C2 adjective /ˈfʌŋɡəs/

fungous

semblable à un champignon
Meaning
relating to or resembling a fungus
Example
The damp basement had a fungous smell.
Le sous-sol humide avait une odeur semblable à un champignon.
B1 verb /spaɪ/

spy

espionner
Meaning
to secretly collect information about a person, group, or country
Example
He was caught spying on his neighbor through the window.
Il a été pris en flagrant délit d'espionnage sur son voisin à travers la fenêtre.
C1 noun /ˈpʊlpɪt/

pulpit

chaire
Meaning
a raised platform in a church from which the preacher delivers a sermon
Example
The pastor stood at the pulpit to address the congregation.
Le pasteur s'est tenu à la chaire pour s'adresser à l'assemblée.
B1 preposition/adverb /əˈkɔːrdɪŋ/

according

selon
Meaning
As stated by or in agreement with.
Example
According to the report, sales increased last quarter.
Selon le rapport, les ventes ont augmenté au dernier trimestre.
B2 noun/verb /ˈbrækɪt/

bracket

support métallique
Meaning
A support attached to a wall for holding something; also, to group things together.
Example
The shelf was held up by a strong metal bracket.
L'étagère était maintenue par un support métallique solide.
B2 noun fɪkst ˈɪnkʌm

fixed income

revenu fixe
Meaning
Investment that provides a return in the form of fixed periodic payments.
Example
Fixed income investments provide reliable returns.
Les investissements à revenu fixe fournissent des rendements fiables.
C1 adjective ɪnˈkʌm.bənt

incumbent

obligatoire
Meaning
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
Example
It is incumbent upon all citizens to obey the law.
Il est obligatoire pour tous les citoyens d'obéir à la loi.
B2 adverb /ʌnˈplɛzəntli/

unpleasantly

désagréablement
Meaning
in a way that causes discomfort, annoyance, or displeasure; in an unfriendly or disagreeable manner
Example
The room was unpleasantly hot during the afternoon.
La pièce était désagréablement chaude l’après-midi.
B2 verb /ɪnˈvɪʒən/

envision

imaginer
Meaning
to imagine or picture something in the future; to visualize a possibility or goal
Example
She envisions a world where everyone has equal access to education.
Elle imagine un monde où tout le monde a un accès égal à l'éducation.
C2 noun /ˈflæɡ ˌɒfɪsər/

flag-officer

officier de pavillon
Meaning
a senior naval officer entitled to fly a flag to mark the command
Example
The flag-officer reviewed the fleet before the ceremony.
L'officier de pavillon a examiné la flotte avant la cérémonie.
B2 noun /ɪnˈdʒɛkʃən/

injection

injection
Meaning
the act of introducing a substance into the body through a needle
Example
The nurse gave me an injection to prevent the infection.
L'infirmière m'a fait une injection pour prévenir l'infection.
A2 adjective /ruːd/

Rude

rude; impoli; manqué de civilité; dur
Meaning
impolite; discourteous; lacking civility; rough or harsh in manner
Example
It was rude of him to interrupt the meeting.
C'était impoli de sa part d'interrompre la réunion.
C2 verb /ˈdɒɡmətaɪz/

dogmatize

dogmatiser
Meaning
To state opinions or beliefs as if they were absolute truths.
Example
The professor tended to dogmatize on political issues.
Le professeur avait tendance à dogmatiser sur les questions politiques.
C2 noun /ˈrɒndoʊ/

rondo

composition musicale (avec un thème récurrent)
Meaning
a musical composition with a recurring leading theme
Example
The pianist ended the recital with a lively rondo.
Le pianiste a terminé le récital par un rondo animé.
B2 noun /stjuːˈpɪdəti/

stupidity

stupidité
Meaning
lack of intelligence or common sense
Example
His stupidity caused a lot of problems for the team.
Sa stupidité a causé beaucoup de problèmes à l'équipe.
C1 noun /ˌmænɪˈfɛstoʊ/

manifesto

manifeste
Meaning
a public declaration of policy and aims, especially by a political party
Example
The party released its manifesto before the election.
Le parti a publié son manifeste avant les élections.
C1 noun /ˈɛspiənɑːʒ/

espionage

espionnage
Meaning
The practice of spying or using spies to gather secret information, usually for political or military purposes.
Example
The agent was arrested on charges of espionage against the state.
L'agent a été arrêté sous des accusations d'espionnage contre l'état.
A2 noun /ˈstændərd/

standard

norme
Meaning
a level of quality or achievement, or a measure of comparison
Example
This car meets all the safety standards.
Cette voiture respecte toutes les normes de sécurité.
C1 noun /ˈʌp.raɪt.nəs/

Uprightness

rectitude; intégrité
Meaning
the quality of being honest and morally correct; integrity
Example
His uprightness in business dealings earned him great respect.
Sa droiture dans les affaires lui a valu un grand respect.
A2 noun /ˈfɜːrnɪtʃər/

furniture

meubles
Meaning
Objects such as chairs, tables, beds, or cupboards used to make a room suitable for living or working.
Example
The living room was filled with beautiful wooden furniture.
Le salon était rempli de beaux meubles en bois.
B2 adjective /pəˈrɛntəl/

parental

lié aux parents
Meaning
relating to a parent or parents; characteristic of a mother or father
Example
Parental guidance is important for a child's development.
Les conseils parentaux sont importants pour le développement d'un enfant.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/

impatiently

impatiemment
Meaning
in a manner showing annoyance or restlessness due to delay or waiting
Example
She tapped her fingers impatiently while waiting for the reply.
Elle tapotait des doigts impatiemment en attendant la réponse.
B2 noun /ˈnæp.kɪn/

Nap Kin

serviette
Meaning
a piece of cloth or paper used for wiping the mouth and hands while eating
Example
She placed the napkin on her lap before starting dinner.
Elle a posé la serviette sur ses genoux avant de commencer le dîner.
C1 noun /woʊ/

woe

chagrin
Meaning
great sorrow, distress, or trouble
Example
Her heart was filled with woe after hearing the sad news.
Son cœur était rempli de chagrin après avoir entendu la triste nouvelle.
B1 verb /siːk/

seek

chercher
Meaning
to try to find or obtain something; to attempt or desire to achieve
Example
He decided to seek advice from his mentor.
Il a décidé de chercher des conseils auprès de son mentor.
C1 noun /ˈflɔː.rə/

flora

la vie végétale trouvée dans une région ou un habitat particulier
Meaning
The plant life found in a particular region or habitat.
Example
The Amazon rainforest is home to a vast flora diversity.
La forêt amazonienne abrite une grande diversité de flore.
C1 noun /rɪˈdʒɪdəti/

Rigidity

rigidité
Meaning
inability to bend or be forced out of shape; unwillingness to change or compromise
Example
The rigidity of the old system prevented any innovation.
La rigidité de l'ancien système a empêché toute innovation.
C1 noun /ˈkɪləˌwɒt/

kilowatt

kilowatt
Meaning
a unit of power equal to 1,000 watts
Example
The generator produces ten kilowatts of electricity.
Le générateur produit dix kilowatts d'électricité.
B1 verb /dɪˈpɑːrt/

depart

partir
Meaning
to leave, especially to start a journey
Example
The train will depart at 9 a.m.
Le train partira à 9 heures.
C1 noun ˌtrɪbjʊˈleɪʃən

tribulation

tribulation
Meaning
A difficult time or suffering experience
Example
He endured many tribulations in his early years.
Il a enduré de nombreuses tribulations au cours de ses premières années.
B2 adverb /ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkli/

alphabetically

alphabétiquement
Meaning
in the order of the letters of the alphabet
Example
The names are listed alphabetically in the register.
Les noms sont classés alphabétiquement dans le registre.
C2 adjective /ˈɑːbdjʊrət/

obdurate

obstiné
Meaning
Stubbornly refusing to change one's opinion or course of action.
Example
He remained obdurate despite everyone's pleas.
Il est resté obstiné malgré les suppliques de tout le monde.
B2 verb /rɪˈzaɪd/

reside

résider
Meaning
to live or dwell in a particular place
Example
They reside in a large house near the river.
Ils résident dans une grande maison près de la rivière.
C2 adjective /ˈʃɪft.ləs/

shiftless

paresseux
Meaning
Lacking ambition or the ability to accomplish anything; lazy and unmotivated.
Example
He was seen as a shiftless young man with no goals.
Il a été vu comme un jeune homme paresseux sans objectifs.
C1 adjective /ˌmed.iˈiː.vəl/

Mediaeval

médiéval
Meaning
relating to the Middle Ages; medieval
Example
The castle displayed mediaeval architecture and design.
Le château affichait une architecture et un design médiévaux.
A2 noun /ˈpær.ət/

Parrot

perroquet
Meaning
a tropical bird with a curved beak and often brightly colored feathers that can be taught to speak
Example
The colorful parrot repeated everything the children said.
Le perroquet coloré a répété tout ce que les enfants ont dit.
B2 verb /poʊz/

pose

bonheur
Meaning
To assume a particular position, especially for a photograph or display; to present a problem or question.
Example
She posed for a picture in front of the monument.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun /ˈfrɪkʃən/

friction

friction
Meaning
the resistance that one surface or object encounters when moving over another; conflict or tension between people or groups
Example
There was friction between the two departments over resource allocation.
Il y avait de la friction entre les deux départements concernant l'allocation des ressources.
C1 noun /dɪˈprɛsənt/

depressant

dépresseur
Meaning
A drug that reduces functional or nervous activity in the body.
Example
Alcohol acts as a depressant on the central nervous system.
L'alcool agit comme un dépresseur sur le système nerveux central.
C2 verb /prɪmp/

primp

bonheur
Meaning
To spend time making minor adjustments to one's appearance.
Example
She primped in front of the mirror before the party.
Elle ne pouvait pas cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 adjective /hoʊˈlɪs.tɪk/

holistic

holistique
Meaning
Understanding or analyzing something through a comprehensive, integrated whole perspective.
Example
A holistic approach to health considers both body and mind.
Une approche holistique de la santé prend en compte à la fois le corps et l'esprit.
C1 adjective /tɜːrs/

terse

bref
Meaning
brief and to the point; sparing in the use of words
Example
His reply was terse and ended the conversation quickly.
Sa réponse était brève et a rapidement mis fin à la conversation.
C2 noun əˈlæk.rə.t̬i

alacrity

disponibilité rapide et joyeuse
Meaning
Brisk and cheerful readiness.
Example
He accepted the challenge with alacrity.
Il a accepté le défi avec alacrité.
C1 noun /poʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

polarity

polarité
Meaning
the state of having two opposite or contradictory tendencies, opinions, or aspects
Example
The polarity between the two political parties is growing stronger.
La polarité entre les deux partis politiques devient de plus en plus forte.
C1 adjective ˈeɪlɪəneɪtɪd

alienated

aliéné
Meaning
Feeling isolated or estranged; disconnected from others or society.
Example
Alienated students are more prone to delinquency.
Les étudiants aliénés sont plus enclins à la délinquance.
A2 noun /pɛt/

pet

animal de compagnie
Meaning
a domesticated animal kept for companionship or pleasure
Example
My dog is my favorite pet.
Mon chien est mon animal de compagnie préféré.
A2 noun /ɪkˈsaɪt.mənt/

Excitement

excitation
Meaning
a feeling of great enthusiasm and eagerness
Example
The children could barely contain their excitement about the upcoming field trip.
Les enfants pouvaient à peine contenir leur excitation à propos du prochain voyage scolaire.
A2 verb /tʃiːt/

cheat

tricher
Meaning
to act dishonestly; to break rules for advantage
Example
He cheats on the exam by copying answers.
Il triche à l'examen en copiant des réponses.
C1 verb /sɪˈdjuːs/

seduce

séduire
Meaning
to attract someone into doing something, especially something they might not normally do
Example
The advertisement was designed to seduce customers into buying luxury products.
La publicité a été conçue pour séduire les clients à acheter des produits de luxe.
C2 adjective /ʌnˈsʌlid/

unsullied

immaculé
Meaning
not spoiled or made impure; perfectly clean or pure
Example
His reputation remained unsullied despite the accusations.
Sa réputation est restée immaculée malgré les accusations.
B2 adjective /ˈlɛdʒɪslətɪv/

legislative

législatif
Meaning
relating to the making of laws
Example
The legislative body passed the new tax bill.
Le corps législatif a adopté le nouveau projet de loi sur les impôts.
C2 noun /ˌræʃioʊsɪˈneɪʃən/

ratiocination

raisonnement
Meaning
the process of reasoning or logical thinking
Example
His ratiocination impressed the judges during the debate.
Son raisonnement a impressionné les juges pendant le débat.
C2 adjective /pəˈluːsɪd/

pellucid

transparent
Meaning
Transparently clear; easy to understand.
Example
The lake water was so pellucid that you could see the stones at the bottom.
L'eau du lac était tellement transparente que vous pouviez voir les pierres au fond.
C1 adjective ˈfjuː.taɪl

futile

futile
Meaning
Incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
Example
His attempts to change the situation were futile.
Ses tentatives de changer la situation étaient futiles.
C1 noun /ˈdaɪhɑːrd/

diehard

fanatique
Meaning
A person who strongly resists change and remains loyal to a belief or cause.
Example
He is a diehard fan of classic rock music.
Il est un fanatique inconditionnel du rock classique.
A2 noun ˌedʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃən

education

éducation
Meaning
The process of receiving or giving systematic instruction, especially at a school or university.
Example
Quality education is key to progress.
L'éducation de qualité est la clé du progrès.
B2 adjective /dʌm/

Dumb

bête; muet; idiot
Meaning
unable to speak; silent; lacking intelligence; stupid
Example
She remained dumb during the entire meeting.
Elle est restée muette pendant toute la réunion.
C2 verb /ˌɛfəˈvɛs/

effervesce

effervescence
Meaning
To give off bubbles of gas; to show excitement, liveliness, or enthusiasm.
Example
The soda began to effervesce as soon as it was opened.
Le soda a commencé à effervescir dès qu'il a été ouvert.
C1 adjective /rɪˈvoʊltɪŋ/

revolting

répugnant
Meaning
extremely unpleasant or disgusting
Example
The smell of the garbage was revolting.
L’odeur des ordures était répugnante.
C1 noun /slæɡ/

slag

scories
Meaning
Stony waste matter separated from metals during the smelting process.
Example
The factory dumped the slag near the river.
L'usine a déversé les scories près de la rivière.
C1 adverb /ˈduːli/

Duly

correctement, ponctuellement
Meaning
in accordance with what is required or appropriate; at the proper time
Example
The documents were duly signed and submitted.
Les documents ont été dûment signés et soumis.
B2 noun speɪs ɪksplɔːˈreɪʃən

space exploration

exploration spatiale
Meaning
The investigation of outer space by means of manned and unmanned spacecraft.
Example
Space exploration has expanded our knowledge of the universe.
L'exploration spatiale a élargi notre connaissance de l'univers.
C1 noun /ˈæbsɛs/

abscess

abcès
Meaning
A swollen area within body tissue containing pus, usually caused by infection.
Example
The dentist treated the abscess in his tooth.
Le dentiste a traité l'abcès dans sa dent.
C1 noun /ˈkæləs/

callus

zone épaissie de la peau
Meaning
A thickened and hardened part of the skin or soft tissue, especially in an area subjected to friction.
Example
A callus formed on his palm from using tools every day.
Un callus s'est formé sur sa paume à force d'utiliser des outils tous les jours.
C1 noun /deɪˈbɑː.kəl/

debacle

débâcle
Meaning
A sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
Example
The company's poor management led to a financial debacle.
La mauvaise gestion de l'entreprise a conduit à un débâcle financier.
C2 verb /bɪˈtəʊkən/

betoken

présager
Meaning
to be a sign or indication of something
Example
Dark clouds betoken an approaching storm.
Les nuages sombres présagent une tempête qui approche.
B2 noun, adjective /ˈkɒrəl/

coral

corail
Meaning
a hard, rock-like marine organism formed by tiny sea animals; a pinkish-orange color resembling coral
Example
The coral in the reef provides shelter for many sea creatures.
Le corail du récif abrite de nombreuses créatures marines.
C1 noun /ˈæftərˌθɔːt/

afterthought

Meaning
Something added or considered later than originally planned.
Example
The gift seemed like an afterthought rather than a genuine gesture.
C2 noun /njuːˈmɪzmətɪst/

numismatist

numismate
Meaning
A person who studies or collects coins, paper currency, and medals.
Example
The numismatist displayed his rare coin collection at the exhibition.
Le numismate a exposé sa collection rare de pièces de monnaie à l'exposition
C1 adjective /prəˈpɔːrʃənət/

proportionate

proportionnel
Meaning
Corresponding in size, degree, or intensity; balanced in relation.
Example
The punishment should be proportionate to the crime.
La peine doit être proportionnelle au crime.
C1 verb /ˈbɒɡəl/

boggle

sidérer
Meaning
to overwhelm or confuse; to be astonished or puzzled by something
Example
The complexity of the puzzle boggled his mind.
La complexité du puzzle a sidéré son esprit.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈfrɛndli/

unfriendly

peu aimable
Meaning
not kind or welcoming; hostile or cold in behavior or attitude
Example
The shop owner seemed unfriendly to new customers.
Le propriétaire du magasin semblait peu aimable envers les nouveaux clients.
A2 verb /kɪs/

Kiss

embrasser
Meaning
to touch with the lips as a sign of affection
Example
The mother kissed her baby goodnight.
La mère embrassa son bébé bonne nuit.
C2 verb /ˈtʃæfɪŋ/

chaffing

taquiner
Meaning
Teasing or joking in a lighthearted way.
Example
They were chaffing each other during lunch.
Ils se taquinaient pendant le déjeuner.
B2 noun /ˈmɪz.ər.i/

Misery

misère; pauvreté extrême; souffrance
Meaning
Great mental or physical suffering; extreme unhappiness or distress
Example
The poor family lived in complete misery after losing their home.
La famille pauvre vivait dans une misère totale après avoir perdu sa maison.
C2 noun /ˈfʊl.krəm/

fulcrum

point d'appui
Meaning
The point or support on which a lever pivots; a central or essential point of activity or support.
Example
The teacher became the fulcrum of change in the school.
Le professeur est devenu le fulcrum du changement à l'école.
C2 noun /ˈmɒnəkl/

monocle

monocle
Meaning
A single round lens for one eye, used to correct or enhance vision.
Example
The old gentleman wore a monocle at formal events.
Le vieux monsieur portait un monocle lors des événements officiels.
C1 noun /ɡriːn ˈkəʊ.kə.nʌt/

Green Coconut

noix de coco verte
Meaning
a young coconut with green outer shell containing refreshing coconut water
Example
We drank fresh water from a green coconut on the beach.
Nous avons bu de l'eau fraîche d'une noix de coco verte sur la plage.
C1 noun dɪˈspær.ə.ti

disparity

disparité
Meaning
A great difference or inequality.
Example
Disparity between countries must be reduced.
La disparité entre les pays doit être réduite.
C1 verb /aʊtˈwɪt/

outwit

déjouer
Meaning
to defeat or gain an advantage over someone by being more clever or cunning
Example
The fox managed to outwit the hunters.
Le renard a réussi à duper les chasseurs.
B1 noun /rɪˈspɒns/

Response

réponse; réaction
Meaning
a reaction to something; an answer or reply; the way in which something reacts to external stimulus
Example
The government's response to the crisis was swift and decisive.
La réponse du gouvernement à la crise a été rapide et décisive.
A1 preposition, adverb /əˈbaʊt/

about

à propos de
Meaning
concerning; on the subject of; approximately
Example
We talked about the new project yesterday.
Nous avons parlé du nouveau projet hier.
C1 noun /diːˈkrɪp.ʃən/

decryption

décryptage
Meaning
The process of converting encrypted data back into its original form so it can be understood.
Example
Hackers attempted decryption of classified data.
Les hackers ont tenté de décrypter des données classifiées.
C2 noun /dɪˈsweɪʒən/

dissuasion

dissuasion
Meaning
The act of persuading someone not to take a course of action.
Example
Her dissuasion prevented him from making a bad investment.
Sa dissuasion l'a empêché de faire un mauvais investissement.
C2 noun /məˈlɛvələns/

malevolence

malveillance
Meaning
The state or condition of being malevolent; having or showing a wish to do evil to others.
Example
His malevolence was clear in the cruel way he treated his rivals.
Sa malveillance était évidente dans la manière cruelle dont il traitait ses rivaux.
B2 noun, verb /treɪs/

trace

trace
Meaning
a mark, object, or sign that shows the existence or development of something
Example
She traced the path of the river on the map.
Elle a tracé le chemin de la rivière sur la carte.
C1 noun /ˈkæmi.oʊ/

cameo

caméo
Meaning
a small but significant role in a play, film, or show, often performed by a well-known person
Example
The actor made a surprise cameo in the movie.
L'acteur a fait un caméo surprise dans le film.
C2 verb /ɪkˈspɒstjʊleɪt/

expostulate

exprimer un désaccord
Meaning
to express strong disapproval or disagreement
Example
She expostulated with her friend about the risky decision.
Elle s'est opposée à son ami au sujet de la décision risquée.
B2 noun /ˌreɡ.jʊˈlær.ɪ.ti/

Regularity

régularité
Meaning
the quality of being regular; occurring at fixed intervals or in a consistent pattern
Example
The regularity of his exercise routine helped him stay healthy.
La régularité de sa routine d'exercice l'a aidé à rester en bonne santé.
B2 noun /ˈbɒtəni/

botany

botanique
Meaning
the scientific study of plants
Example
She is studying botany at the university.
Elle étudie la botanique à l'université.
C2 noun /rɪˈsɪdɪˌvɪzəm/

recidivism

récidivisme
Meaning
The tendency of a convicted criminal to reoffend or relapse into criminal behavior.
Example
The government introduced new programs to reduce recidivism among former inmates.
Le gouvernement a mis en place de nouveaux programmes pour réduire le récidivisme chez les anciens détenus.
B2 noun /ˈbækdrɒp/

backdrop

décor
Meaning
a painted cloth or other structure used behind a stage
Example
The backdrop for the play was a beautiful mountain scene.
Le décor pour la pièce était une belle scène de montagne.
C1 noun /weɪl/

Wail

gémissement; plainte
Meaning
a prolonged cry of pain, grief, or anger; to cry loudly
Example
The child's wail could be heard throughout the house.
Le cri de l'enfant pouvait être entendu dans toute la maison.
A1 preposition, conjunction, adverb /ˈæftər/

after

après
Meaning
in the time following an event or another action
Example
We went for ice cream after the movie.
Nous sommes allés manger une glace après le film.
C1 verb /vaʊtʃ/

vouch

témoigner
Meaning
to confirm or assert the truth or reliability of something
Example
I can vouch for his honesty.
Je peux témoigner de son honnêteté.
C2 noun /ˌkæl.sɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

calcification

calcification
Meaning
The process of calcium accumulation in soil, making it hard.
Example
Calcification reduces soil permeability and affects crop growth.
La calcification réduit la perméabilité du sol et affecte la croissance des cultures.
C2 noun /kɪθ/

kith

amis
Meaning
Friends, acquaintances, and relations.
Example
He invited all his kith and kin to the wedding.
Il a invité tous ses amis et sa famille au mariage.
C2 noun /ˌlɛdʒərdəˈmeɪn/

legerdemain

magie, tromperie
Meaning
skillful use of one's hands when performing tricks; deception or trickery
Example
The magician's legerdemain left the audience amazed.
La magie du magicien a laissé le public émerveillé.
C2 verb /ˌsɜːrkəmˈnævɪɡeɪt/

circumnavigate

faire le tour du monde
Meaning
to travel all the way around something, especially the earth
Example
Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
Magellan fut le premier à faire le tour du monde.
B2 verb /kənˈsiːd/

concede

admettre
Meaning
to admit something is true or valid, often reluctantly
Example
She finally conceded that she was wrong.
Elle a finalement admis qu'elle avait tort.
B2 noun /twɪɡ/

twig

rameau
Meaning
a small thin branch of a tree or bush
Example
She broke a twig off the tree to use as a stick.
Elle a cassé une petite branche de l'arbre pour l'utiliser comme bâton.
C2 noun /ˈpɪnəs/

pinnace

petit bateau
Meaning
a small boat, often carried by a larger ship
Example
The sailors used a pinnace to reach the shore.
Les marins ont utilisé un petit bateau pour atteindre le rivage.
B2 noun /ˈwʊd.pek.ər/

Woodpecker

pic-vert
Meaning
a bird that pecks at tree bark to find insects and create nesting holes
Example
The woodpecker hammered against the oak tree.
Le pic-vert a frappé contre le chêne.
C2 verb /dɪˈbɑːrk/

debark

débarquer
Meaning
to disembark or get off a ship, aircraft, or vehicle
Example
The passengers debarked as soon as the ship docked.
Les passagers ont débarqué dès que le navire a accosté.
C1 verb /ˈstæmər/

stammer

bégayer
Meaning
To speak with sudden involuntary pauses and a tendency to repeat the initial letters of words.
Example
The nervous student began to stammer during his speech.
L'étudiant nerveux a commencé à bégayer pendant son discours.
B1 noun /neɪl/

Nail

clou
Meaning
a small metal spike with a broadened flat head; part of finger or toe
Example
He hammered the nail into the wooden board.
Il a enfoncé le clou dans le panneau de bois.
C1 noun /ˈtɛnəmənt/

tenement

immeuble locatif
Meaning
a large building divided into separate apartments, often in poor condition
Example
The family lived in a crowded tenement in the city.
La famille vivait dans un tenement bondé en ville.