chagrin
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C2 noun /ʃəˈɡrɪn/

chagrin

chagrin
Meaning
Distress or embarrassment at having failed or been humiliated.
Example
She left the room in chagrin after forgetting her lines.
Elle a quitté la pièce dans le chagrin après avoir oublié ses répliques.
A1 noun /koʊld drɪŋk/

Cold drink

boisson froide
Meaning
A chilled beverage; a refreshing drink served cold
Example
I ordered a cold drink to beat the summer heat.
J'ai commandé une boisson froide pour échapper à la chaleur de l'été.
C2 adjective /ˈkɒndaɪn/

condign

mérité
Meaning
deserved, appropriate, and fitting (especially punishment)
Example
The criminal received condign punishment for his crimes.
Le criminel a reçu la punition méritée pour ses crimes.
C2 noun /kæd/

Cad

scélérat; grossier
Meaning
a man who behaves dishonorably, especially toward women
Example
Everyone at the party avoided him because he was known to be a cad.
Tout le monde à la fête l'a évité parce qu'il était connu pour être un scélérat.
B2 noun /ˌkɑn.frənˈteɪ.ʃən/

Confrontation

confrontation
Meaning
a hostile or argumentative meeting or situation between opposing parties; direct challenge or opposition
Example
The confrontation between the two leaders ended without any agreement.
La confrontation entre les deux dirigeants s'est terminée sans accord.
A1 adjective /koʊld/

Cold

froid; glacé; distant;
Meaning
having a low temperature; lacking warmth; unfriendly
Example
The cold winter wind made everyone shiver.
Le vent froid de l'hiver a fait frissonner tout le monde.
C2 noun /klɛərˈvɔɪəns/

clairvoyance

clairvoyance
Meaning
the supposed ability to perceive events beyond normal sensory contact; psychic insight
Example
She claimed to have clairvoyance and predicted the future.
Elle a prétendu avoir de la clairvoyance et a prédit l'avenir.
A1 verb /tʃuːz/

choose

choisir
Meaning
to pick or select from several options
Example
I always choose healthy food options.
Je choisis toujours des options alimentaires saines.
C1 adjective /ˈkɜːrsəri/

cursory

superficiel
Meaning
Hasty and therefore not thorough or detailed.
Example
He gave the report only a cursory glance before the meeting.
Il a jeté un coup d'œil superficiel au rapport avant la réunion.
C2 noun /kənˌdʒiː.niˈæl.ə.t̬i/

congeniality

affabilité
Meaning
The quality of being pleasant, friendly, and easy to talk to.
Example
His congeniality makes him popular among friends.
Son affabilité le rend populaire parmi ses amis.
C1 noun /ˌklɔːstrəˈfəʊbiə/

claustrophobia

claustrophobie
Meaning
an extreme or irrational fear of being in confined spaces
Example
He avoids elevators because of his claustrophobia.
Il évite les ascenseurs à cause de sa claustrophobie.
B2 noun /kənˈfɛkʃəneri/

confectionery

confiserie
Meaning
sweets, candies, and other food items made with sugar
Example
The shop sells a wide variety of confectionery.
Le magasin vend une grande variété de confiserie.
C1 verb /krɪndʒ/

cringe

se recroqueviller
Meaning
To shrink back in fear, embarrassment, or discomfort.
Example
She cringed when she remembered her mistake.
Elle s'est recroquevillée lorsqu'elle se souvint de son erreur.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

corporal

corporal
Meaning
relating to the body; a low-ranking officer in the military
Example
He suffered a corporal punishment for his mistake.
Il a subi une punition corporelle pour son erreur.
C1 noun /ˈkʌn.stə.bəl/

constable

agent de police
Meaning
a police officer of the lowest rank
Example
The constable directed traffic at the busy intersection.
L'agent de police a dirigé la circulation à l'intersection animée.
B2 verb /kəˈrɛspɒnd/

correspond

correspondre
Meaning
to communicate by exchanging letters or messages
Example
I correspond regularly with my old friends.
Je corresponds régulièrement avec mes vieux amis.
B2 adverb /ˈtʃiːfli/

chiefly

principalement
Meaning
mainly; primarily
Example
The festival is celebrated chiefly by young people.
Le festival est célébré principalement par les jeunes.
C1 verb /klæsp/

clasp

attraper / fermoir
Meaning
to grasp or hold tightly; also a device for fastening
Example
She clasped her hands together in prayer.
Elle a entrelacé ses mains ensemble en prière.
A2 noun, verb /kɒf/

cough

toux
Meaning
a sudden noisy release of air from the lungs to clear the throat or airway; to expel air suddenly from the lungs with a cough
Example
He has a bad cough and stayed home today.
Il a une forte toux et est resté à la maison aujourd’hui.
C1 noun /ˈtʃʌk.əl/

Chuckle

rire discret
Meaning
a quiet or suppressed laugh; to laugh quietly or with amusement
Example
He gave a soft chuckle when he heard the funny joke.
Il a laissé échapper un léger rire lorsqu'il a entendu la blague drôle.
B2 adjective /ˈklæsɪfaɪd/

classified

classifié
Meaning
arranged into categories; officially secret or restricted
Example
The report contains classified information and cannot be shared publicly.
Le rapport contient des informations classifiées.
B1 noun /kəˈnæl/

canal

canal
Meaning
an artificial waterway constructed for navigation, irrigation, or drainage
Example
The canal was built to help transport goods across the region.
Le canal a été construit pour aider au transport des marchandises à travers la région.
A2 adjective, noun /ˈkloʊsər/

closer

plus près, clôturant
Meaning
more near in distance or relationship; someone or something that concludes an activity
Example
She moved closer to the window.
Elle s'est approchée de la fenêtre.
C1 adjective /kənˈsɜːrtɪd/

concerted

concerté
Meaning
done with great effort, planned and performed together by multiple people
Example
The workers made a concerted effort to improve conditions.
Les travailleurs ont fait un effort concerté pour améliorer les conditions.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmpɪtəns/

competence

compétence
Meaning
the ability to do something successfully or efficiently
Example
Her competence as a manager impressed the board.
Sa compétence en tant que gestionnaire a impressionné le conseil.
B1 noun /ˈkʊkər/

cooker

cuisinière; cuiseur
Meaning
a device or appliance used for cooking food; a person or thing that cooks
Example
The rice cooker makes cooking meals much easier.
Le cuiseur à riz rend la cuisine plus facile.
B2 noun /kroʊ/

Crow

corbeau
Meaning
a large black bird known for its intelligence and harsh call
Example
The crow cawed loudly from the tree branch.
Le corbeau croassa bruyamment depuis la branche de l'arbre.
B2 noun /kraɪˈtɪəriə/

criteria

critère
Meaning
Standards or principles by which something is judged or decided.
Example
The candidates were evaluated based on strict criteria.
Les candidats ont été évalués en fonction de critères stricts.
C2 verb /kəˈriːn/

careen

se déplacer de manière incontrôlée
Meaning
To move swiftly and in an uncontrolled way, especially in a specific direction.
Example
The car careened down the slippery road.
La voiture a dévalé la route glissante de manière incontrôlée.
C2 noun /koʊˈkɛt/

coquette

femme coquette
Meaning
a woman who flirts lightheartedly
Example
She was a coquette, always charming everyone at the party.
Elle était une coquette, charmant toujours tout le monde à la fête.
B1 verb /klæp/

clap

applaudir
Meaning
To strike the palms of the hands together, usually to express approval or create a sharp sound.
Example
The audience began to clap loudly after the performance.
Le public a commencé à applaudir bruyamment après la performance.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpʌlsəri/

compulsory

obligatoire
Meaning
Required by law or a rule; obligatory.
Example
Wearing seat belts is compulsory in most countries.
Porter des ceintures de sécurité est obligatoire dans la plupart des pays.
C2 noun /ˈkeɪsiːn/

Casein

caséine
Meaning
the main protein found in milk and cheese, used in food production and supplements
Example
Casein protein powder is popular among athletes for muscle recovery.
La poudre de protéine de caséine est populaire parmi les athlètes pour la récupération musculaire.
B1 noun ˌkriː.eɪˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

creativity

créativité
Meaning
The ability to use imagination to produce original ideas or to make something new or imaginative.
Example
His creativity was evident in his artwork.
Sa créativité était évidente dans son art.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.flɪkt ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/

conflict resolution

résolution de conflits
Meaning
The process of finding peaceful solutions to disputes or disagreements between parties.
Example
Conflict resolution is vital for global peace.
La résolution des conflits est essentielle pour la paix mondiale.
C1 noun /kəmˈprɛʃn̩/

compression

compression
Meaning
The act of pressing or squeezing something into a smaller space.
Example
File compression helps reduce storage requirements.
La compression de fichiers aide à réduire les besoins en stockage.
C1 noun /kriːd/

creed

crédo, principe
Meaning
A system of religious or spiritual beliefs or a guiding principle.
Example
Freedom of speech is part of his personal creed.
La liberté d'expression fait partie de son crédo personnel.
C2 verb /kənˈsɪlieɪt/

conciliate

concilier
Meaning
to stop someone from being angry; to win over by friendly acts
Example
He tried to conciliate the angry customer with an apology.
Il a essayé de concilier le client en colère avec des excuses.
A2 noun /ˈkʌp.bɔːrd/

Cupboard

armoire
Meaning
a piece of furniture with doors and shelves for storing dishes, food, or clothes
Example
She stored all the plates and bowls in the kitchen cupboard.
Elle a rangé toutes les assiettes et les bols dans l'armoire de la cuisine.
A1 noun/verb /ˈkʊkɪŋ/

cooking

cuisine
Meaning
the process of preparing food by heating it
Example
Cooking is one of my favorite hobbies.
La cuisine est l'un de mes passe-temps préférés.
B2 noun kənˌtæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən

contamination

contamination
Meaning
The process of making something less pure by exposure to or addition of a poisonous or polluting substance.
Example
Contamination of air leads to health issues.
La contamination de l'air cause des problèmes de santé.
B1 adjective /kəˈmɪtɪd/

committed

engagé
Meaning
Dedicated and loyal to a cause, activity, or relationship.
Example
She is a committed teacher who cares deeply for her students.
Elle est une enseignante engagée qui prend profondément soin de ses élèves.
C1 adjective /ˈkɒn.ɪ.fər.əs/

coniferous

relatif aux arbres portant des cônes
Meaning
Relating to cone-bearing trees that usually have needle-like leaves and remain green year-round.
Example
Pine trees are coniferous and grow in colder climates.
Les pins sont des conifères et poussent dans des climats plus froids.
C1 adjective sɪˈlɛstʃəl

celestial

céleste
Meaning
Positioned in or relating to the sky, or outer space as observed in astronomy.
Example
The celestial bodies in the sky were clearly visible last night.
Les corps célestes dans le ciel étaient clairement visibles la nuit dernière.
C1 adjective /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛndɪŋ/

condescending

condescendant
Meaning
having or showing an attitude of patronizing superiority
Example
Her condescending tone upset her colleagues.
Son ton condescendant a dérangé ses collègues.
A2 noun tʃɔɪs

choice

choix
Meaning
An act of selecting or making a decision when faced with two or more possibilities.
Example
Choice enhances decision-making.
Le choix améliore la prise de décision.
B1 adverb /ˈtʃɪəfəli/

cheerfully

joyeusement
Meaning
in a happy and positive manner; with visible good spirits
Example
She greeted everyone cheerfully despite the long day.
Elle a salué tout le monde joyeusement malgré la longue journée.
C2 adjective /ˈkɒs.ɪ.tɪd/

cosseted

choyé
Meaning
pampered, treated with excessive care and attention
Example
The cosseted child always got what he wanted.
L'enfant choyé a toujours obtenu ce qu'il voulait.
B2 adverb /ˈkæʒ.u.ə.li/

Casually

casuellement; de manière détendue et informelle
Meaning
in a relaxed and informal way; without much thought or preparation
Example
He casually mentioned that he was leaving.
Il a mentionné cela de manière décontractée.
C1 adjective ˈkɒn.təm.plə.tɪv

contemplative

réfléchi ou méditatif
Meaning
Expressing or involving prolonged thought; meditative and reflective.
Example
He spent a contemplative evening reflecting on his decisions.
Il a passé une soirée contemplative à réfléchir sur ses décisions.
C1 noun /kəˈloʊkwiəˌlɪzəm/

colloquialism

colloquialisme
Meaning
a word or phrase used in informal speech or writing
Example
The novel is full of regional colloquialisms.
Le roman est plein de colloquialismes régionaux.
B2 verb /kənˈsiːv/

conceive

concevoir, devenir enceinte
Meaning
to form or imagine an idea in the mind; to become pregnant
Example
It is hard to conceive how such an idea could succeed.
Il est difficile de concevoir comment une idée comme celle-ci pourrait réussir.
B2 adverb /ˈklɒkwaɪz/

Clockwise

dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre
Meaning
in the direction that clock hands move; in a circular direction from left to right
Example
Turn the valve clockwise to tighten it.
Tournez la vanne dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre pour la serrer.
C2 verb /ˈkɒsɪt/

cosset

choyer
Meaning
to care for and protect in an overindulgent way
Example
The little girl was cosseted by her grandparents.
La petite fille était choyée par ses grands-parents.
B2 verb /krʌʃ/

crush

appuyer ou écraser quelque chose si fort qu'il est endommagé ou détruit
Meaning
to press or squeeze something so hard that it is damaged or destroyed
Example
He accidentally crushed the paper cup in his hand.
Il a accidentellement écrasé le gobelet en papier dans sa main.
C1 noun, verb /kriːs/

crease

pli, ride
Meaning
a line or fold produced on paper, cloth, or other material; to make a fold or wrinkle
Example
She ironed the shirt carefully to remove every crease.
Elle a repassé la chemise soigneusement pour enlever chaque pli.
B1 noun /kəˈsiːnoʊ/

casino

casino
Meaning
a place where people gamble and play games of chance
Example
They spent the evening playing cards at the casino.
Ils ont passé la soirée à jouer aux cartes au casino.
B1 noun /ˈsɪt.ɪ.zənz/

citizens

citoyens
Meaning
A legally recognized subject or national of a state or commonwealth.
Example
Citizens must follow pollution regulations.
Les citoyens doivent respecter les réglementations sur la pollution.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪnjuəm/

continuum

continuum
Meaning
A continuous sequence in which adjacent elements are not perceptibly different from each other, but the extremes are quite distinct.
Example
Life and death are often seen as part of the same continuum.
La vie et la mort sont souvent considérées comme faisant partie du même continuum.
B1 noun /ˈkɛmɪstri/

chemistry

chimie
Meaning
the branch of science that studies substances and their interactions; also the emotional connection between people
Example
They have great chemistry and work well together.
Ils ont une excellente chimie et travaillent bien ensemble.
C2 noun /krəˈdjuːlɪti/

credulity

crédule
Meaning
A tendency to be too ready to believe that something is real or true.
Example
The scam succeeded because of the victim's credulity.
L'escroquerie a réussi en raison de la crédulité de la victime.
B2 noun /kənˈtroʊlər/

controller

contrôleur
Meaning
a person or device that manages, directs, or regulates something
Example
The game controller made it easy to play the video game.
Le contrôleur de jeu a facilité le jeu du jeu vidéo.
B1 adverb /ˈkɒnstəntli/

Constantly

constamment; toujours; sans arrêt
Meaning
continuously over a period of time; always; without stopping
Example
The baby was constantly crying throughout the night.
Le bébé pleurait constamment toute la nuit.
B2 noun /krɑk pɑt/

Crock pot

marmite électrique
Meaning
an electric cooking pot that cooks food slowly at low temperatures
Example
I put the chicken and vegetables in the crock pot before going to work.
J'ai mis le poulet et les légumes dans la marmite électrique avant de partir au travail.
A1 noun /kloʊðz/

clothes

vêtements
Meaning
garments worn on the body
Example
She bought new clothes for the party.
Elle a acheté de nouveaux vêtements pour la fête.
C2 adjective /ˈklɛmənt/

clement

clément / doux
Meaning
mild or merciful; describing weather as mild and pleasant
Example
The prisoners hoped for a clement judge.
Les prisonniers espéraient un juge clément.
A2 noun /kæp/

Cap

casquette
Meaning
a head covering with a visor; a protective covering
Example
He wore a baseball cap to protect himself from the sun.
Il portait une casquette de baseball pour se protéger du soleil.
C1 noun /ˌkæm.əˈrɑː.dɚ.i/

camaraderie

camaraderie, amitié, solidarité
Meaning
Mutual trust and friendship among people who spend a lot of time together.
Example
The camaraderie among teammates was inspiring.
La camaraderie entre les coéquipiers était inspirante.
B2 verb kənˈdem

condemn

condamner
Meaning
To express complete disapproval of; to censure.
Example
The leaders condemned the actions as inhumane.
Les dirigeants ont condamné les actions comme inhumaines.
C2 noun /ˈkɔːrsər/

courser

cheval rapide ou cheval de chasse
Meaning
a swift horse or a hunting horse
Example
The knight rode a fast courser into battle.
Le chevalier monta un coursier rapide au combat.
B2 noun ˈkɛmɪkəl weɪst

chemical waste

déchets chimiques
Meaning
Waste material from industrial or laboratory processes that contains harmful chemicals.
Example
Chemical waste pollutes water bodies.
Les déchets chimiques polluent les plans d'eau.
C1 noun /kɔːr/

corps

branche de l'armée, groupe
Meaning
a branch of the military or a group organized for a specific purpose
Example
He joined the army corps after graduation.
Il a rejoint le corps de l'armée après sa diplomation.
A1 verb /kɔːst/

cost

coûter
Meaning
to have a price of; to require payment; to cause loss
Example
This book will cost twenty dollars.
Ce livre coûtera vingt dollars.
B2 verb /kəmˈpɛl/

compel

forcer
Meaning
To force or drive someone to do something.
Example
The law compels citizens to pay taxes.
La loi oblige les citoyens à payer des impôts.
A2 noun /koʊtʃ/

coach

entraîneur
Meaning
A person who helps improve others' skills or knowledge.
Example
The football coach motivated his team before the match.
L'entraîneur de football a motivé son équipe avant le match.
C1 verb /ˌkɒndɪˈsɛnd/

condescend

regarder d'en haut avec gentillesse
Meaning
to behave as if one is superior while being gracious to others
Example
He would not condescend to answer such a trivial question.
Il ne se rabaisserait pas à répondre à une question aussi triviale.
C1 noun ˈkɔː.pəs

corpus

une grande collection de données linguistiques utilisées pour l'analyse du langage
Meaning
A large collection of linguistic data used for language analysis and research.
Example
Linguists use a corpus to analyze language patterns.
Les linguistes utilisent un corpus pour analyser les modèles linguistiques.
B2 adjective /kəʊˈhɪə.rənt/

coherent

cohérent
Meaning
Logical and consistent; forming a unified whole; clear and easy to understand.
Example
His speech was clear and coherent.
Son discours était clair et cohérent.
C1 verb /ˈkænvəs/

canvass

solliciter des votes
Meaning
to solicit votes or opinions; to examine thoroughly; to discuss in detail
Example
They will canvass the neighborhood for votes.
Ils vont faire du porte-à-porte dans le quartier pour récolter des voix.
C2 noun /ˈkɒliər/

collier

mineur de charbon
Meaning
a person who works in coal mines or a ship carrying coal
Example
The collier spent long hours underground extracting coal.
Le mineur de charbon a passé de longues heures sous terre à extraire du charbon.
B2 adjective /ˈkæθəlɪk/

catholic

catholique
Meaning
Including a wide variety; all-embracing; relating to the Roman Catholic Church.
Example
She has catholic tastes in music, enjoying everything from jazz to opera.
Elle a des goûts catholiques en musique, appréciant tout, du jazz à l'opéra.
C2 noun /ˈkloʊðiər/

clothier

marchand de vêtements
Meaning
a person or company that makes, sells, or deals in clothes.
Example
The town’s clothier displayed fine suits in his shop window.
Le marchand de vêtements de la ville a exposé de beaux costumes dans la vitrine de son magasin.
C2 noun /kənˈtɔːrʃən/

contortion

une forme tordue ou pliée; l'action de tordre hors de la forme normale
Meaning
a twisted or bent shape; the act of twisting out of the normal shape
Example
The gymnast's contortion amazed the audience.
La contorsion du gymnaste a étonné le public.
C2 noun /kəˈkɒfəni/

cacophony

bruit discordant
Meaning
A harsh, discordant mixture of sounds.
Example
The cacophony of horns made it impossible to concentrate.
Le bruit discordant des klaxons rendait la concentration impossible.
B1 adjective /ˈkɔːʃəs/

cautious

prudent
Meaning
careful to avoid potential problems or dangers
Example
She was cautious about trusting strangers.
Elle était prudente lorsqu'elle faisait confiance aux inconnus.
A1 verb /klɪr/

clear

nettoyer
Meaning
to remove obstructions; to make clean or transparent
Example
Please clear the table after dinner.
Veuillez nettoyer la table après le dîner.
C1 noun /ˈtʃɪz.əl/

Chisel

ciseau
Meaning
a tool with a sharp flat edge used for cutting or shaping wood, stone, or metal
Example
The carpenter used a chisel to carve the wood.
Le charpentier a utilisé un ciseau pour sculpter le bois.
B2 adjective /kənˈdɪʃ.ən.əl/

Conditional

conditionnel; sous condition
Meaning
dependent on certain conditions; not absolute
Example
The job offer is conditional upon passing the background check.
L'offre d'emploi est conditionnelle à la réussite de la vérification des antécédents.
A1 adjective /kloʊzd/

closed

fermé
Meaning
not open; shut
Example
The store is closed on Fridays.
Le magasin est fermé le vendredi.
B1 adjective /ˈkæʒ.u.əl/

Casual

décontracté et insouciant; se produisant par hasard; informel
Meaning
relaxed and unconcerned; happening by chance; informal
Example
He wore casual clothes to the party.
Il portait des vêtements décontractés à la fête.
C2 noun /ˈkoʊdə/

coda

coda
Meaning
the concluding passage of a piece of music or a literary work
Example
The novel ends with a reflective coda that ties up the themes.
Le roman se termine par une coda réfléchie qui relie les thèmes.
C1 verb /ˈkrɪstəlaɪz/

crystallize

cristalliser
Meaning
to form crystals; to make an idea or plan clear and definite
Example
Her vague thoughts began to crystallize into a solid plan.
Ses pensées floues ont commencé à se cristalliser en un plan solide.
B2 adjective /ˈtʃʌbi/

chubby

dodue
Meaning
slightly fat in a way that looks healthy and pleasant
Example
The baby has chubby cheeks.
Le bébé a des joues dodues.
B1 adjective /kəˈlɛktɪd/

collected

calme
Meaning
calm and in control of oneself
Example
She remained calm and collected during the crisis.
Elle est restée calme et collectée pendant la crise.
B2 noun /ˌkɑːrboʊˈhaɪdreɪt/

carbohydrate

glucide
Meaning
a nutrient that provides energy, found in foods like rice, bread, and sugar
Example
Rice and potatoes are rich in carbohydrates.
Le riz et les pommes de terre sont riches en glucides.
C1 adjective /ˌʃoʊ.vəˈnɪs.tɪk/

chauvinistic

chauviniste
Meaning
Displaying or characterized by excessive or prejudiced loyalty or support, especially towards one's own gender or group.
Example
His chauvinistic attitude alienated many of his female colleagues.
Son attitude chauviniste a aliéné beaucoup de ses collègues féminines.
C1 noun /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/

calligraphy

l'art de l'écriture décorative et élégante
Meaning
The art of beautiful and decorative handwriting.
Example
She took a course to improve her calligraphy skills.
Elle a suivi un cours pour améliorer ses compétences en calligraphie.
B1 noun /kəmˈpleɪnt/

complaint

plainte
Meaning
a statement that something is wrong or not satisfactory
Example
The manager received a complaint from a customer about poor service.
Le responsable a reçu une plainte d'un client concernant un mauvais service.
C1 noun /ˈkæptər/

captor

captif
Meaning
a person or group who has captured someone or something
Example
The hostage managed to escape from his captors.
L'otage a réussi à s'échapper de ses ravisseurs.
C2 noun /kənˈtraɪ.vəns/

contrivance

appareil ou plan
Meaning
a device or plan that is cleverly or artificially created
Example
The clock was an intricate contrivance of gears and springs.
L'horloge était un dispositif complexe de rouages et de ressorts.
B1 adjective /ˈkɒmplɪˌkeɪtɪd/

complicated

compliqué
Meaning
consisting of many interconnected parts; difficult to understand
Example
The instructions for the machine are too complicated to follow.
Les instructions de la machine sont trop compliquées à suivre.
C2 adjective /kənˈdʒɛktʃərəl/

conjectural

conjectural
Meaning
based on guesswork or incomplete evidence rather than certain knowledge
Example
His explanation was purely conjectural and lacked proof.
Son explication était purement conjecturale et manquait de preuves.
C2 verb /kəˈdʒoʊl/

cajole

cajoler
Meaning
To persuade someone to do something by flattery or gentle urging.
Example
She managed to cajole her friend into joining the trip.
Elle a réussi à cajoler son amie pour qu'elle se joigne au voyage.
B2 noun /ˈkɒm.pɒ.stɪŋ/

composting

compostage
Meaning
The process of recycling organic waste into fertile fertilizer.
Example
Composting reduces waste and enhances soil fertility.
Le compostage réduit les déchets et améliore la fertilité du sol.
C2 verb /kəˈnaɪv/

connive

conspirer secrètement
Meaning
to secretly allow or be involved in a wrongdoing
Example
The manager connived with the supplier to cheat the company.
Le gestionnaire a conspiré avec le fournisseur pour tromper la société.
C1 noun /koʊlt/

Colt

poulain
Meaning
a young male horse, especially one under four years old
Example
The farmer trained the young colt to accept a saddle.
Le fermier a entraîné le jeune poulain à accepter une selle.
B2 noun /kəmˈpoʊnənt/

component

composant
Meaning
a part or element of a larger whole, especially a machine or system
Example
The engine is the most important component of the car.
Le moteur est le composant le plus important de la voiture.
C2 verb /ˌsɜːrkəmˈnævɪɡeɪt/

circumnavigate

faire le tour du monde
Meaning
to travel all the way around something, especially the earth
Example
Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
Magellan fut le premier à faire le tour du monde.
B1 verb /kənˈkluːd/

conclude

conclure
Meaning
to bring to an end; to decide or determine after consideration
Example
We will conclude the meeting at five o'clock.
Nous conclurons la réunion à cinq heures.
B1 verb /krɔːl/

crawl

ramper
Meaning
to move slowly on hands and knees; to move very slowly
Example
The baby crawled across the floor to reach the toy.
Le bébé a rampé à travers le sol pour atteindre le jouet.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnfɪˈdɑːnt/

confidante

amie de confiance
Meaning
A woman with whom one shares a secret or private matter, trusting her not to repeat it.
Example
The queen’s maid became her most trusted confidante.
La servante de la reine est devenue sa confidente la plus fidèle.
C2 noun /kəˈlɒsəti/

callosity

peau épaissie
Meaning
A thickened or hardened area of skin; insensitivity or hardness of character.
Example
Years of manual labor left callosity on his hands.
Des années de travail manuel ont laissé de la callosité sur ses mains.
B1 adjective /ˈtʃɑːr.mɪŋ/

charming

charmant
Meaning
Very pleasing or delightful in a way that attracts people.
Example
The village is full of charming little houses.
Le village est plein de petites maisons charmantes.
B1 verb /kəˈmɪt/

commit

commettre / accomplir
Meaning
To carry out or perpetrate an act; to pledge or bind to a course of action.
Example
He committed a serious mistake in the report.
Il a commis une grave erreur dans le rapport.
B2 adjective ˌkæt.əˈstrɑː.fɪk

catastrophic

catastrophique, dévastateur
Meaning
Involving or causing sudden great damage or suffering.
Example
Climate change has catastrophic consequences.
Le changement climatique a des conséquences catastrophiques.
C1 adjective /kənˈteɪ.dʒəs/

Contagious

contagieux; infectieux
Meaning
likely to spread to and affect others; infectious
Example
Her laughter is contagious and makes everyone smile.
Son rire est contagieux et fait sourire tout le monde.
B2 noun/verb /ˈkɒmplɪmənt/

complement

complément
Meaning
something that completes or goes well with something; to add something that enhances or improves
Example
The scarf complements her outfit perfectly.
le foulard complète parfaitement sa tenue.
C1 noun /ˈklaɪəntɛl/

clientele

clientèle
Meaning
The clients or customers of a professional person or business.
Example
The salon's clientele includes many high-profile individuals.
La clientèle du salon comprend de nombreuses personnes de haut niveau.
B2 verb /kənˈfɔːrm/

conform

se conformer
Meaning
To comply with rules, standards, or laws.
Example
Students must conform to the school regulations.
Les étudiants doivent se conformer aux règlements scolaires.
C2 noun /ˈkærəˌpeɪs/

carapace

carapace de tortue ou de crabe
Meaning
the hard shell covering the back of some animals like turtles and crabs
Example
The turtle withdrew into its carapace for protection.
La tortue s'est retirée dans sa carapace pour se protéger.
B1 noun /tʃɪn/

Chin

menton
Meaning
the protruding part of the face below the mouth, formed by the apex of the lower jaw
Example
He stroked his beard thoughtfully, resting his hand on his chin.
Il caressait sa barbe pensivement, en posant sa main sur son menton.