chafe
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C2 verb /ʧeɪf/

chafe

froter
Meaning
To make or become sore by rubbing; to feel irritation or impatience.
Example
The tight shoes began to chafe his heels.
Les chaussures serrées ont commencé à frotter ses talons.
A2 adverb /ˈsɜː.tən.li/

Certainly

certainement
Meaning
without doubt; definitely; used to agree or give permission
Example
I will certainly help you with this project.
Je vous aiderai certainement avec ce projet.
C1 adjective ˈkɒn.təm.plə.tɪv

contemplative

réfléchi ou méditatif
Meaning
Expressing or involving prolonged thought; meditative and reflective.
Example
He spent a contemplative evening reflecting on his decisions.
Il a passé une soirée contemplative à réfléchir sur ses décisions.
C1 noun /ˈkɑr.nɪdʒ/

Carnage

carnage
Meaning
the killing of a large number of people; widespread slaughter
Example
The battlefield was filled with carnage after the brutal war.
Le champ de bataille était rempli de carnage après la guerre brutale.
C1 verb /kənˈsɛptʃuəlaɪz/

conceptualize

conceptualiser
Meaning
to form an idea or concept of something in your mind
Example
The artist conceptualized a new design for the exhibition.
L'artiste a conceptualisé un nouveau design pour l'exposition.
C1 noun /kəˈmændər ɪn tʃiːf/

Commander-in-chief

commandant en chef
Meaning
the supreme leader of a nation's armed forces
Example
The president serves as the commander-in-chief of the military.
Le président agit en tant que commandant en chef des forces armées.
B1 noun /ˈkær.ə.væn/

Caravan

caravane
Meaning
a group of people traveling together, especially through desert areas
Example
The merchant caravan crossed the desert with camels carrying precious goods.
La caravane de marchands a traversé le désert avec des chameaux portant des biens précieux.
B1 verb /kənˈsɪst/

consist

consister
Meaning
to be made up or composed of certain parts or elements
Example
The committee consists of five members.
Le comité est composé de cinq membres.
C1 adjective /klæd/

clad

habillé / couvert
Meaning
dressed or covered in a particular way
Example
The knight was clad in shining armor.
Le chevalier était habillé d'une armure brillante.
B2 adjective /ˌkrɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkəl/

chronological

chronologique
Meaning
Arranged in the order in which events happened.
Example
The events were listed in chronological order.
Les événements ont été listés dans un ordre chronologique.
C2 noun /kəmˈpɛndiəm/

compendium

compendium
Meaning
A collection of concise but detailed information about a subject.
Example
The book is a compendium of ancient myths and legends.
Le livre est un compendium de mythes et de légendes anciennes.
C1 noun ˌkʌl.mɪˈneɪ.ʃən

culmination

aboutissement. Le point culminant ou le plus élevé de quelque chose, généralement atteint après beaucoup de temps.
Meaning
The highest or climactic point of something, especially as attained after a long time.
Example
The project reached its culmination after years of effort.
Le projet a atteint son aboutissement après des années d'efforts.
B1 adjective /ˈtʃɑːr.mɪŋ/

charming

charmant
Meaning
Very pleasing or delightful in a way that attracts people.
Example
The village is full of charming little houses.
Le village est plein de petites maisons charmantes.
C2 noun /ˈkʌvi/

covey

un petit groupe d'oiseaux
Meaning
a small group of birds, especially partridges or quails
Example
A covey of quails flew across the field.
Un covey de cailles a volé à travers le champ.
A2 noun /tʃɜːrtʃ/

church

église
Meaning
a building used for public Christian worship
Example
The old church in the village was built in the 18th century.
L'ancienne église du village a été construite au XVIIIe siècle.
B1 noun /ˈkʌˈs.təm/

Custom

coutume; pratique; droit de douane;
Meaning
a traditional practice or behavior; duties levied on imports; habitual practice
Example
It is a local custom to remove shoes before entering someone's home.
Il est d'usage local de retirer ses chaussures avant d'entrer dans la maison de quelqu'un.
C1 noun /kənˈstɪtʃuənsi/

constituency

circonscription
Meaning
A geographical area whose residents elect a representative to a legislative body.
Example
She campaigned tirelessly across her constituency.
Elle a fait campagne sans relâche dans sa circonscription.
B2 noun /ˌkovuːɪɡˈzɪs.təns/

Co-existence

coexistence
Meaning
the state of existing together at the same time or in the same place; peaceful cohabitation
Example
The peaceful co-existence of different cultures makes this city unique.
La coexistence pacifique de différentes cultures rend cette ville unique.
C2 noun /ˈsɜːrtɪˌtjuːd/

certitude

certitude
Meaning
Absolute certainty or conviction about something.
Example
She spoke with certitude about the outcome of the case.
Elle a parlé avec certitude du résultat de l'affaire.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnstəˈneɪʃən/

consternation

consternation
Meaning
A feeling of anxiety, dismay, or confusion, often caused by something unexpected.
Example
The sudden announcement caused widespread consternation among the employees.
L'annonce soudaine a provoqué une consternation généralisée parmi les employés
B1 verb /ˈkæptʃər/

capture

capturer
Meaning
to take control of something or someone by force
Example
The soldiers managed to capture the enemy base.
Les soldats ont réussi à capturer la base ennemie.
C2 adjective /kənˈtraɪt/

contrite

contrit
Meaning
feeling or showing remorse or guilt
Example
She was contrite after realizing her mistake.
Elle était contrite après avoir réalisé son erreur.
B1 adverb /ˈkʌmftəbli/

Comfortably

confortablement
Meaning
in a comfortable manner; without difficulty or effort; with ease
Example
She was sitting comfortably in her favorite chair.
Elle était assise confortablement dans sa chaise préférée.
B1 adjective ˈkʌltʃərəl

cultural

culturel
Meaning
Relating to the arts and to intellectual achievements.
Example
Schools organize cultural programs to honor Victory Day.
Les écoles organisent des programmes culturels pour honorer le jour de la victoire.
A2 verb /kaʊnt/

count

compter
Meaning
to determine the total number of something
Example
She carefully counted the money on the table.
Elle a soigneusement compté l'argent sur la table.
C1 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Ceremonial

cérémonial
Meaning
relating to or used in ceremonies; formal and ritualistic
Example
The ceremonial dress was worn during the royal wedding.
La robe cérémoniale a été portée pendant le mariage royal.
C2 adjective /ˌkɒnsæŋˈɡwɪniəs/

consanguineous

consanguin
Meaning
Related by blood; descended from the same ancestor.
Example
The study focused on genetic disorders in consanguineous families.
L'étude s'est concentrée sur les troubles génétiques dans les familles consanguines.
C2 verb /ˈkɒd.l̩/

coddle

choyer de manière excessive
Meaning
to treat someone with excessive care or kindness, often in a way that is overprotective
Example
Parents should support their children without coddling them.
Les parents devraient soutenir leurs enfants sans les dorloter.
B2 noun kəˈmɒd.ə.ti

commodity

marchandise
Meaning
A raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold.
Example
Oil is a valuable commodity in the global market.
Le pétrole est une marchandise précieuse sur le marché mondial.
B2 noun/adjective /kənˈstɪtʃuənt/

constituent

composant / électeur
Meaning
Noun: A member of a constituency or an essential part of something. Adjective: Being a necessary part of a whole.
Example
The senator met with his constituents to discuss local issues.
Le sénateur a rencontré ses électeurs pour discuter des problèmes locaux.
B1 noun /ˈtʃɛərˌwʊmən/

chairwoman

présidente
Meaning
a woman who presides over a meeting, committee, or organization; a female leader of a board or council
Example
She was elected chairwoman of the company after years of experience.
Elle a été élue présidente de l’entreprise après des années d’expérience.
A2 noun /ˈkændl/

candle

bougie
Meaning
a stick of wax with a wick that burns to give light
Example
She lit a candle during the power cut.
Elle a allumé une bougie pendant la coupure de courant.
C1 noun /ˌkɒrəˈneɪʃən/

coronation

couronnement
Meaning
the act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign or monarch
Example
The coronation of the new king was attended by thousands of people.
Le couronnement du nouveau roi a été assisté par des milliers de personnes.
C2 adjective /kənˈkɒmɪtənt/

concomitant

concomitant
Meaning
Naturally accompanying or associated with something.
Example
Increased stress is often concomitant with long working hours.
Le stress accru est souvent concomitant avec de longues heures de travail.
C2 verb /ˈkʌzən/

cozen

tromper, arnaquer
Meaning
to deceive, cheat, or trick someone
Example
He cozened the old man out of his money.
Il a trompé le vieil homme et lui a pris son argent.
B2 noun /kənˈdenst mɪlk/

Condensed milk

lait concentré
Meaning
milk from which water has been removed and sugar added, creating a thick, sweet product
Example
The recipe calls for a can of condensed milk to make the dessert extra creamy.
La recette demande une boîte de lait concentré pour rendre le dessert encore plus crémeux.
C2 noun /kæd/

Cad

scélérat; grossier
Meaning
a man who behaves dishonorably, especially toward women
Example
Everyone at the party avoided him because he was known to be a cad.
Tout le monde à la fête l'a évité parce qu'il était connu pour être un scélérat.
C1 noun /kəˈθɑːrsɪs/

catharsis

catharsis
Meaning
The process of releasing strong emotions, providing relief.
Example
Writing in her diary was a form of catharsis for her.
Écrire dans son journal était une forme de catharsis pour elle.
B1 noun ˌkɒnsənˈtreɪʃən

concentration

concentration
Meaning
The action or power of focusing one's attention or mental effort on a particular object or activity
Example
Concentration is key to mastering any skill.
La concentration est essentielle pour maîtriser n'importe quelle compétence.
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒiːniəl/

congenial

chaleureux
Meaning
pleasant and friendly because of having similar interests or qualities
Example
They found the café a congenial place to meet and talk.
Ils ont trouvé le café un endroit chaleureux pour se rencontrer et discuter.
C1 noun /ˈkruːsɪbəl/

crucible

épreuve sévère, creuset
Meaning
a severe test or trial; a container used for heating substances to very high temperatures
Example
The team emerged stronger from the crucible of competition.
L'équipe est sortie plus forte de l'épreuve de la compétition.
C1 verb /kʌl/

cull

sélectionner / éliminer
Meaning
to select or remove from a larger group, often to reduce numbers
Example
The farmers decided to cull the sick animals from the herd.
Les fermiers ont décidé d'éliminer les animaux malades du troupeau.
C1 adjective ˈkʌm.bə.səm

cumbersome

lourd, encombrant, difficile à manipuler
Meaning
Heavy, unwieldy, difficult to handle or carry.
Example
The cumbersome luggage slowed him down.
Les bagages encombrants l'ont ralenti.
B2 noun /ˈkʊriər/

courier

livreur
Meaning
a person or company that delivers messages, packages, or mail
Example
The courier delivered the documents on time.
Le livreur a livré les documents à temps.
C1 noun /kəˈmɪtl̩/

committal

envoi en prison / détention
Meaning
The action of sending a person to prison or a mental hospital; also the act of committing something to a particular place.
Example
The judge ordered the committal of the accused to custody.
Le juge a ordonné l'envoi de l'accusé en détention.
B2 noun /kloʊv/

Clove

clou de girofle
Meaning
aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, used as a spice
Example
She added a few cloves to the mulled wine for extra flavor.
Elle a ajouté quelques clous de girofle au vin chaud pour plus de saveur.
B2 noun /ˈkæt fɪʃ/

Cat fish

poisson-chat
Meaning
a freshwater fish with whisker-like barbels around the mouth, commonly found in ponds and rivers
Example
Catfish is often fried and served with rice in Bengali cuisine.
Le poisson-chat est souvent frit et servi avec du riz dans la cuisine bengali.
B2 verb /ˈkɒnvɪkt/

convict

condamner
Meaning
to find someone guilty of a crime in a court of law
Example
The court convicted him of theft.
Le tribunal l'a condamné pour vol.
B2 noun kənˈtrækʃən

contraction

contraction
Meaning
The process of becoming smaller; a decrease in size or quantity.
Example
The economic contraction resulted in a rise in unemployment.
La contraction économique a entraîné une augmentation du chômage.
A1 noun /kæt/

Cat

chat
Meaning
a small domesticated carnivorous mammal with soft fur, a short snout, and retractile claws
Example
The cat sat on the windowsill watching birds.
Le chat s'est assis sur le rebord de la fenêtre en regardant les oiseaux.
A2 verb /tʃɪər/

cheer

acclamer
Meaning
to shout in encouragement or support; to make someone feel happier
Example
The fans cheered loudly when their team scored a goal.
Les supporters ont acclamé bruyamment lorsque leur équipe a marqué un but.
B2 noun /kaʊtʃ/

Couch

canapé
Meaning
a long upholstered seat for more than one person, typically with a back and arms
Example
The family gathered on the couch to watch a movie.
La famille s'est réunie sur le canapé pour regarder un film.
B2 verb /kəmˈpɛl/

compel

forcer
Meaning
To force or drive someone to do something.
Example
The law compels citizens to pay taxes.
La loi oblige les citoyens à payer des impôts.
B2 noun /ˈkɒŋɡrɛs/

congress

congrès
Meaning
a formal meeting or assembly, especially of representatives for discussion
Example
The international congress on climate change will be held next year.
Le congrès international sur le changement climatique aura lieu l'année prochaine.
B2 noun/verb /ˈkɒmplɪmənt/

complement

complément
Meaning
something that completes or goes well with something; to add something that enhances or improves
Example
The scarf complements her outfit perfectly.
le foulard complète parfaitement sa tenue.
B2 noun ˌsaɪ.bə.sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti

cybersecurity

cybersécurité
Meaning
The practice of protecting systems, networks, and programs from digital attacks
Example
Cybersecurity ensures safe digital operations.
La cybersécurité assure des opérations numériques sûres.
A1 noun /ˈkʌl.ər/

Colour

couleur
Meaning
the property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the eye as a result of the way it reflects light; hue, tint, shade
Example
What is your favorite colour for painting the bedroom walls?
Quelle est ta couleur préférée pour peindre les murs de la chambre ?
C2 adjective /kənˈdʌktəbl̩/

conductible

conductible
Meaning
capable of being conducted, especially electricity or heat
Example
Copper is highly conductible to electricity.
Le cuivre est hautement conductible à l'électricité.
B2 noun /ˈkɑn.trəˌvɜr.si/

Controversy

controverse; désaccord
Meaning
prolonged public disagreement or heated discussion; a dispute or argument involving opposing viewpoints
Example
The new policy sparked a major controversy among the citizens.
La nouvelle politique a déclenché une grande controverse parmi les citoyens.
C1 verb /ˈsenʃər/

censure

censurer, critiquer sévèrement
Meaning
to criticize severely; to express strong disapproval
Example
The committee censured the politician for his misconduct.
Le comité a censuré le politicien pour sa mauvaise conduite.
B1 noun, verb /ˈkɒndʌkt/ (noun), /kənˈdʌkt/ (verb)

conduct

comportement / conduire
Meaning
to organize or carry out; or a person's behavior
Example
The teacher conducted the exam fairly.
L'enseignant a dirigé l'examen de manière équitable.
C2 adjective /ˈsɪlieɪtɪd/

ciliated

ciliée
Meaning
Having minute hairlike projections (cilia) on the surface of cells or organisms.
Example
The ciliated cells in the respiratory tract help move mucus out of the lungs.
Les cellules ciliées dans le tractus respiratoire aident à déplacer le mucus hors des poumons.
B2 noun /ˌkɔr.əˈspɑn.dəns/

Correspondence

correspondance; similitude ou équivalence; communication par échange de lettres
Meaning
letters sent or received; similarity or equivalence; communication by exchange of letters
Example
The historical correspondence between the two famous writers was recently published.
La correspondance historique entre les deux écrivains célèbres a été récemment publiée.
B1 noun /tʃɪl/

Chill

froid; sensation de peur ou d'anxiété; se détendre
Meaning
an unpleasant feeling of coldness; a feeling of fear or anxiety; to relax
Example
There was a chill in the air as autumn approached.
Il y avait un frisson dans l'air à mesure que l'automne approchait.
B1 noun /kræft/

craft

compétence, métier, artisanat
Meaning
an activity involving skill in making things by hand; a trade or occupation
Example
She has mastered the craft of pottery.
Elle a maîtrisé l'artisanat de la poterie.
C1 verb /tʃaɪd/

chide

gronder
Meaning
to scold or rebuke; to express disapproval
Example
The teacher chided the student for being late.
Le professeur gronda l'élève pour son retard.
A1 verb /kliːn/

clean

nettoyer
Meaning
To make something free from dirt, marks, or mess.
Example
She cleaned the kitchen before the guests arrived.
Elle a nettoyé la cuisine avant l'arrivée des invités.
C1 adjective /kənˈɡrɛʃənl/

congressional

congressional
Meaning
relating to a congress, especially the US Congress
Example
The bill received strong congressional support.
Le projet de loi a reçu un fort soutien du Congrès.
B2 adjective ˌkɑː.bən ˈnjuː.trəl

carbon-neutral

carbone neutre
Meaning
Having a balance between emitting carbon and absorbing carbon from the atmosphere; not adding to overall carbon emissions.
Example
The company aims to be carbon-neutral by 2030.
L'entreprise vise à être carbone neutre d'ici 2030.
C1 noun /ˌkɒŋɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/

congregation

congrégation
Meaning
a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose
Example
The congregation gathered to hear the sermon.
La congrégation s'est réunie pour écouter le sermon.
A2 noun /ˈkrɒk.ə.daɪl/

Crocodile

crocodile
Meaning
a large reptile with a long mouth and sharp teeth that lives in rivers and lakes in hot countries
Example
The crocodile slowly moved through the murky water.
Le crocodile se déplaçait lentement dans l'eau trouble.
C2 noun /ˈkɒɡ.nɪ.zəns/

cognizance

connaissance
Meaning
Awareness, knowledge, or understanding of something; conscious perception.
Example
The judge took cognizance of the new evidence.
Le juge a pris connaissance de la nouvelle preuve.
B2 noun /kraɪst/

christ

Christ
Meaning
the title given to Jesus, considered the Messiah in Christianity
Example
Christ is central to Christian faith.
Le Christ est au centre de la foi chrétienne.
C1 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈlɛsns/

convalescence

convalescence
Meaning
the period of time spent recovering from an illness or medical treatment
Example
His convalescence lasted for almost two months after the accident.
Sa convalescence a duré presque deux mois après l'accident.
C2 verb /ˈkɔː.tə.raɪz/

cauterize

cautériser
Meaning
to burn tissue to stop bleeding or prevent infection
Example
The doctor cauterized the wound to stop the bleeding.
Le médecin a cautérisé la blessure pour arrêter le saignement.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsələr/

counsellor

conseiller
Meaning
a person trained to give guidance on personal, social, or psychological problems; an advisor
Example
She spoke to a counsellor to get advice about her career.
Elle a parlé à un conseiller pour obtenir des conseils sur sa carrière.
C1 verb /ˈkrʌmpəl/

crumple

froisser
Meaning
to crush something into folds or wrinkles
Example
He crumpled the paper and threw it in the bin.
Il a froissé le papier et l'a jeté dans la poubelle.
C1 verb /ˈkɒr.ə.leɪt/

correlate

établir une relation
Meaning
To have a mutual relationship or connection; to establish a relationship between two or more things.
Example
Researchers found that diet and mental health correlate strongly.
Les chercheurs ont trouvé que l'alimentation et la santé mentale sont fortement liées.
C1 noun /ˈsɪtəˌdɛl/

citadel

citadelle
Meaning
A fortress protecting or dominating a city.
Example
The ancient citadel stood guard over the town for centuries.
L'ancienne citadelle a protégé la ville pendant des siècles.
B2 verb /kəmˈplaɪ/

comply

se conformer
Meaning
to act in accordance with a rule, request, or law
Example
All companies must comply with safety regulations.
Toutes les entreprises doivent se conformer aux réglementations de sécurité.
B2 noun /kənˈfɛʃən/

confession

confession
Meaning
a statement admitting that one is guilty of a crime or has done something wrong
Example
The suspect made a full confession to the police.
Le suspect a fait une confession complète à la police.
A2 noun /kɔːrn/

Corn

maïs
Meaning
a tall cereal plant that produces kernels on large ears; maize
Example
We grilled corn on the cob for dinner.
Nous avons grillé du maïs sur l'épi pour le dîner.
C2 noun /ˌkæt ə ˈnaɪn ˌteɪlz/

cat-o-nine-tails

fouet à neuf queues
Meaning
A whip with nine knotted cords, historically used for punishment.
Example
The sailor feared the cat-o-nine-tails more than the storm at sea.
Le marin avait plus peur du fouet à neuf queues que de la tempête en mer.
A2 verb /kənˈsɪdər/

consider

considérer
Meaning
to think carefully about something, especially before making a decision
Example
She is considering studying abroad next year.
Elle envisage d'étudier à l'étranger l'année prochaine.
C2 noun /ˈkrɛməˌtɔːri/

crematory

crématorium
Meaning
a place where dead bodies are cremated
Example
The crematory was located near the cemetery.
Le crématorium était situé près du cimetière.
B2 noun /kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən/

conjunction

conjonction
Meaning
a word used to connect clauses or sentences, or to coordinate words
Example
The words 'and' and 'but' are common conjunctions.
Les mots 'et' et 'mais' sont des conjonctions courantes.
C1 noun /ˌkʌl də ˈsæk/

cul de sac

impasse
Meaning
A street or passage closed at one end; a dead end.
Example
They bought a house at the end of a quiet cul de sac.
Ils ont acheté une maison au bout d'une impasse tranquille.
C1 noun /ˈsɪvɪks/

civics

instruction civique
Meaning
the study of the rights and duties of citizens and how government works
Example
Civics helps students understand their responsibilities as citizens.
L’instruction civique aide les élèves à comprendre leurs devoirs de citoyens.
B1 verb /ˈkælkjəˌleɪt/

calculate

calculer
Meaning
to determine by mathematical computation; to estimate
Example
I need to calculate the total cost.
Je dois calculer le coût total.
B2 verb /kriːp/

creep

ramper
Meaning
to move slowly and quietly; to make someone feel uncomfortable
Example
She crept quietly up the stairs to avoid waking anyone.
Elle monta silencieusement les escaliers pour éviter de réveiller quelqu'un.
C2 verb /ˌkaʊntərˈmænd/

countermand

annuler un ordre
Meaning
to revoke or cancel an order or command
Example
The general countermanded the previous orders immediately.
Le général a annulé les ordres précédents immédiatement.
B2 noun /kənˈstɪtʃ.u.ənts/

constituents

constituants
Meaning
Components or elements used to create something.
Example
Proteins and vitamins are essential constituents of a healthy diet.
Les protéines et les vitamines sont des constituants essentiels d'un régime alimentaire sain.
A2 noun /ˈsɪə.ri.əl/

cereal

céréales
Meaning
a common breakfast food made from processed grains such as wheat, oats, or corn
Example
She eats a bowl of cereal every morning before work.
Elle mange un bol de céréales chaque matin avant le travail.
C1 noun /krəˈvæs/

crevasse

fissure profonde
Meaning
a deep crack in a glacier or the earth’s surface
Example
The climbers carefully crossed the icy crevasse.
Les alpinistes ont traversé prudemment la fissure glacée.
B2 noun /kənˈdʌktər/

conductor

directeur / conducteur
Meaning
a person who directs a performance or someone who collects fares on public transport; or a material that conducts electricity
Example
The conductor waved his baton to start the orchestra.
Le conducteur agita sa baguette pour commencer l'orchestre.
B2 noun /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/

Compensation

compensation; indemnisation
Meaning
something given or received as an equivalent for services, debt, loss, injury, or suffering; payment or reward
Example
The company provided financial compensation to the workers injured in the accident.
L'entreprise a fourni une compensation financière aux travailleurs blessés dans l'accident.
B1 verb /tʃɒp/

chop

couper
Meaning
to cut with a sharp tool; to cut into pieces
Example
She chops vegetables for dinner.
Elle coupe des légumes pour le dîner.
B2 noun /kəˈlɑːʒ/

collage

collage
Meaning
A piece of art made by sticking various materials such as photographs or paper onto a surface.
Example
She created a collage using old magazine pictures.
Elle a créé un collage en utilisant des photos anciennes de magazines.
C1 adjective /kəˈrəʊsɪv/

corrosive

corrosif, nuisible
Meaning
tending to cause corrosion; harmful or destructive to materials or people
Example
The chemical is highly corrosive and should be handled with care.
Le produit chimique est hautement corrosif et doit être manipulé avec soin.
C2 noun /ˌkɑːnfɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

conformation

conformation
Meaning
The shape, structure, or arrangement of something.
Example
The scientist studied the molecular conformation of the protein.
Le scientifique a étudié la conformation moléculaire de la protéine.
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

couvre-feu
Meaning
a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night
Example
The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.
La ville a imposé un couvre-feu pendant les troubles.
B2 adjective /ˈkæθəlɪk/

catholic

catholique
Meaning
Including a wide variety; all-embracing; relating to the Roman Catholic Church.
Example
She has catholic tastes in music, enjoying everything from jazz to opera.
Elle a des goûts catholiques en musique, appréciant tout, du jazz à l'opéra.
B2 noun /ˈsɜːr.tən.ti/

Certainty

certitude
Meaning
firm conviction that something is the case; the quality of being reliably true
Example
We can say with certainty that the project will be completed on time.
Nous pouvons dire avec certitude que le projet sera terminé à temps.
C1 verb /kɜːrˈteɪl/

curtail

réduire
Meaning
to reduce or limit something, especially something considered undesirable
Example
The company had to curtail its spending due to budget cuts.
L'entreprise a dû réduire ses dépenses en raison des réductions budgétaires.
C2 noun /kɒzˈmɒɡ.ə.ni/

cosmogony

cosmogonie
Meaning
the study or theory of the origin of the universe
Example
The book provides an overview of different cosmogonies throughout history.
Le livre présente un aperçu des différentes cosmogonies à travers l'histoire.
C2 noun /ʃɪˈfɒn/

chiffon

chiffon
Meaning
A lightweight, sheer fabric often used in dresses or scarves.
Example
She wore a beautiful chiffon dress at the party.
Elle portait une belle robe en chiffon à la fête.
B2 noun /ˈkʊk.uː/

Cuckoo

coucou
Meaning
a bird known for its distinctive call and for laying eggs in other birds' nests
Example
We heard the cuckoo calling from the forest early in the morning.
Nous avons entendu le chant du coucou depuis la forêt tôt le matin.
C2 noun /kəˈraʊzl/

carousal

fête bruyante
Meaning
A noisy or lively drinking party or festivity.
Example
They were exhausted after a night of wild carousal.
Ils étaient épuisés après une nuit de fête bruyante.
B2 noun/adjective /səˈvɪliən/

civilian

civil
Meaning
a person not in the armed forces or police
Example
The area was evacuated to protect the civilians.
La zone a été évacuée pour protéger les civils.
C2 verb /ˈkælsɪfaɪ/

calcify

durcir par dépôt de sels de calcium
Meaning
To harden by deposition of calcium salts; to become rigid or inflexible.
Example
Over time, the tissue began to calcify and lose flexibility.
Avec le temps, le tissu a commencé à se calcifier et a perdu de la flexibilité.
C1 adverb /ˈkɔːrdiəli/

Cordially

cordialement
Meaning
in a warm and friendly manner; sincerely
Example
You are cordially invited to our wedding ceremony.
Vous êtes cordialement invités à notre cérémonie de mariage.
B2 noun /ˈkaʊnsələr/

councillor

conseiller municipal
Meaning
an elected member of a local council who helps make decisions and represent the community
Example
The councillor spoke to residents about improving local roads.
Le conseiller municipal a parlé des routes locales.
C1 noun /ˈkæv.əl.ri/

Cavalry

cavalerie
Meaning
soldiers who fight on horseback; the part of an army formerly composed of troops on horseback
Example
The cavalry charged across the field with great speed.
La cavalerie a chargé à travers le champ avec grande vitesse.
C2 noun, adjective /klɛərˈvɔɪənt/

clairvoyant

clairvoyant
Meaning
a person who claims to have clairvoyance; having the ability to see beyond normal senses
Example
The clairvoyant predicted that she would travel abroad soon.
Le clairvoyant a prédit qu'elle voyagerait bientôt à l'étranger.
B2 noun /ˈkɜːr.tə.si/

Courtesy

courtoisie; politesse;
Meaning
the showing of politeness in one's attitude and behavior toward others; a polite gesture or remark
Example
He showed great courtesy by holding the door open for elderly people.
Il a montré une grande courtoisie en tenant la porte ouverte pour les personnes âgées.
A2 verb /kræʃ/

crash

bonheur
Meaning
To collide violently; to suddenly stop working (for machines or computers).
Example
The car crashed into the wall at high speed.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
A2 noun, verb /kɒf/

cough

toux
Meaning
a sudden noisy release of air from the lungs to clear the throat or airway; to expel air suddenly from the lungs with a cough
Example
He has a bad cough and stayed home today.
Il a une forte toux et est resté à la maison aujourd’hui.
C1 noun /ʃæˈtoʊ/

chateau

château français
Meaning
a large French country house or castle
Example
They stayed in a beautiful chateau in France.
Ils sont restés dans un magnifique château en France.
B2 noun /ˈkɔːtruːm/

courtroom

Meaning
a room in which legal cases are heard and decided by a judge
Example
The witness was called to testify in the courtroom.
B1 noun /ˈkændɪdeɪt/

candidate

candidat
Meaning
A person who applies for a job or is nominated for election.
Example
The candidate gave a strong speech during the debate.
Le candidat a fait un discours fort pendant le débat.
B2 noun /kɒk/

Cock

coq
Meaning
an adult male chicken
Example
The cock crowed loudly at dawn to wake everyone up.
Le coq a chanté fort au lever du soleil pour réveiller tout le monde.