burial
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN Anglais BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Espagnol FR Français DE Allemand RU Russe ZH Chinois JA Japonais
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
B2 noun /ˈbɛriəl/

burial

enterrement
Meaning
the act of placing a dead body into the ground.
Example
The burial ceremony took place in the afternoon.
La cérémonie de l'enterrement a eu lieu l'après-midi.
C1 verb /tɔːnt/

taunt

moquer
Meaning
to provoke or challenge someone with insulting remarks
Example
The bully tried to taunt him with cruel words.
Le bully a essayé de le provoquer avec des mots cruels.
C1 adjective /ˈlaɪf.laɪk/

lifelike

réaliste
Meaning
Very similar to a real person, object, or scene; realistic.
Example
The wax figure was so lifelike that people thought it was a real person.
La figurine en cire était si réaliste que les gens ont pensé que c'était une vraie personne.
C1 verb /dɪˈdjuːs/

deduce

déduire
Meaning
to reach a conclusion by reasoning or inference
Example
From the evidence, the detective deduced that the suspect was lying.
À partir des preuves, le détective a déduit que le suspect mentait.
B2 adjective /ʌnprəˈfɛʃ.ən.əl/

Unprofessional

non professionnel
Meaning
not conforming to the standards expected in a particular profession
Example
His unprofessional behavior led to his dismissal from the company.
Son comportement non professionnel a conduit à son licenciement de l'entreprise.
A2 adjective ˈkʌmftəbəl

comfortable

confortable
Meaning
Giving a feeling of physical ease and relaxation; free from hardship or unpleasant conditions.
Example
Urban planning aims to make cities more comfortable.
L'urbanisme vise à rendre les villes plus confortables.
C1 noun /ˈhʌbʌb/

hubbub

tumulte
Meaning
a loud noise caused by a crowd of people talking or shouting
Example
There was a hubbub in the market as the sale began.
Il y avait un tumulte sur le marché lorsque la vente a commencé.
B1 noun /ɪnˈstrʌkʃənz/

instructions

instructions
Meaning
Detailed information on how something should be done or operated.
Example
Please follow the instructions on the box.
Veuillez suivre les instructions sur la boîte.
C2 adverb /əˈsɪdʒuəsli/

assiduously

assidûment
Meaning
with great care and persistence
Example
He worked assiduously to complete the project before the deadline.
Il a travaillé assidûment pour terminer le projet avant la date limite.
B2 noun /vɜːrdʒ/

Verge

bord; limite; seuil
Meaning
the edge or border of something; very close to happening
Example
She was on the verge of tears.
Elle était sur le point de pleurer.
C1 adjective /klaɪˈmæktɪk/

climactic

climactique
Meaning
Relating to the most exciting or important moment of something.
Example
The film ended with a climactic battle scene.
Le film s'est terminé par une scène de bataille climactique.
C2 noun /ˈæntɪk/

antic

farce
Meaning
a playful, funny, or silly act or gesture
Example
The children laughed at the clown’s antics.
Les enfants ont ri des farces du clown.
C1 adjective /ˌaʊtˈspoʊkən/

Outspoken

franc
Meaning
frank; speaking directly
Example
She is known for being outspoken about social issues.
Elle est connue pour être franche sur les problèmes sociaux.
C2 noun /əˌkædəˈmɪʃən/

academician

académicien
Meaning
a member of an academy; a scholar or expert in a field of study
Example
The academicians gathered to discuss the future of education.
Les académiciens se sont réunis pour discuter de l'avenir de l'éducation.
C2 noun /ˌbenɪˈdɪkʃən/

Benediction

bénédiction
Meaning
a blessing, especially a ceremonial one; an expression of good wishes
Example
The priest gave his benediction to the newlyweds.
Le prêtre a donné sa bénédiction aux nouveaux mariés.
C1 noun /ˈræftər/

rafter

poutre
Meaning
One of the sloping beams that supports a roof.
Example
The old barn’s rafters were exposed.
Les poutres du vieux grenier étaient exposées.
C1 noun /dɪˌpriː.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/

depreciation

dépréciation
Meaning
A reduction in the value of an asset with the passage of time, due to wear and tear.
Example
The car's depreciation rate is high after five years.
Le taux de dépréciation de la voiture est élevé après cinq ans.
C1 noun /ˈtrɪŋkɪt/

trinket

petit bijou
Meaning
a small ornament or piece of jewelry that is not expensive
Example
She bought a little trinket from the beach market as a souvenir.
Elle a acheté un petit bijou au marché de la plage comme souvenir.
B2 noun /ˈkʊk.uː/

Cuckoo

coucou
Meaning
a bird known for its distinctive call and for laying eggs in other birds' nests
Example
We heard the cuckoo calling from the forest early in the morning.
Nous avons entendu le chant du coucou depuis la forêt tôt le matin.
A2 verb /kənˈsɪdər/

consider

considérer
Meaning
to think carefully about something, especially before making a decision
Example
She is considering studying abroad next year.
Elle envisage d'étudier à l'étranger l'année prochaine.
C2 verb /kənˈstrɪndʒ/

constringe

contracter
Meaning
to cause to shrink or contract; to constrict
Example
The medicine helped constringe the swollen tissues.
Le médicament a aidé à contracter les tissus enflés.
C1 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈspjuːtəbəl/

Indisputable

indiscutable; incontestable; certain
Meaning
impossible to deny or argue against; undeniable; certain
Example
The evidence against him was indisputable.
Les preuves contre lui étaient indiscutables.
C2 verb /ˈwɪni/

whinny

hennissement
Meaning
to make the high-pitched sound a horse makes
Example
The horse whinnied when it saw its rider.
Le cheval hennit quand il a vu son cavalier.
C1 verb /ˈprɒfər/

proffer

offrir, présenter
Meaning
to offer something for acceptance; to present
Example
She proffered her hand as a sign of friendship.
Elle tendit sa main comme un signe d'amitié.
B2 adjective ˌæs.trəˈnɒm.ɪ.kəl

astronomical

astronomique
Meaning
Relating to astronomy; extremely large in amount or extent.
Example
The astronomical price reflects its exclusivity.
Le prix astronomique reflète son exclusivité.
C2 adjective /kəˈpeɪ.ʃəs/

Capacious

spacieux; grand; vaste;
Meaning
having a lot of space inside; roomy and spacious
Example
The capacious hall can accommodate five hundred people.
La salle spacieuse peut accueillir cinq cents personnes.
C2 noun /ˈɔːspɪs/

auspice

augure, patronage
Meaning
A sign, omen, or divine token; also refers to protection or support.
Example
The project was launched under the auspice of the government.
Le projet a été lancé sous l'auspice du gouvernement.
C1 noun, verb /bʌldʒ/

bulge

gonflement / protubérance
Meaning
A swelling or protruding part; to swell outward or protrude.
Example
The bag began to bulge with too many books inside.
Le sac a commencé à gonfler avec trop de livres à l'intérieur.
A1 adjective, adverb, pronoun /mɔːr/

more

plus
Meaning
A greater or additional amount or degree.
Example
She wanted more time to finish the project.
Elle voulait plus de temps pour finir le projet.
C2 noun /kəˈpriːs/

caprice

caprice
Meaning
a sudden, unpredictable change of mood or behavior
Example
She bought the expensive dress on a caprice.
Elle a acheté la robe chère sur un caprice.
C2 verb /lɑːl/

loll

s'asseoir paresseusement
Meaning
To sit, lie, or stand in a lazy, relaxed way.
Example
He lolled on the sofa after a long day at work.
Après une longue journée de travail, il s'est affalé sur le canapé.
C2 noun /mɪˌsɛdʒəˈneɪʃən/

miscegenation

métissage
Meaning
the interbreeding of people considered to be of different racial types
Example
The law once prohibited miscegenation in many countries.
La loi interdisait autrefois la miscegénation dans de nombreux pays.
B2 adjective /ˌhɒrɪˈzɒntəl/

horizontal

horizontal
Meaning
parallel to the horizon; flat and level from side to side
Example
The table must be perfectly horizontal to keep the glass from sliding.
La table doit être parfaitement horizontale pour éviter que le verre glisse.
C2 noun ˈoʊʃən ˌstrætɪfɪˈkeɪʃən

ocean stratification

stratification océanique
Meaning
The formation of layers in ocean water due to differences in density.
Example
Ocean stratification affects marine biodiversity.
La stratification océanique affecte la biodiversité marine.
C1 noun /ˌres.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/

Recitation

récitation
Meaning
the action of reciting or repeating aloud from memory
Example
The poetry recitation contest was held in the auditorium.
Le concours de récitation de poésie a eu lieu dans l'auditorium.
B2 verb /ɪɡˈzɜrt/

exert

exercer
Meaning
to apply or bring to bear; to use physical or mental effort
Example
He exerted all his strength to lift the heavy box.
Il a exercé toute sa force pour soulever la boîte lourde.
B2 noun /kənˈstɪtʃ.u.ənts/

constituents

constituants
Meaning
Components or elements used to create something.
Example
Proteins and vitamins are essential constituents of a healthy diet.
Les protéines et les vitamines sont des constituants essentiels d'un régime alimentaire sain.
B2 verb /pəˈreɪd/

parade

parader, afficher
Meaning
to march in a procession; to display publicly; to show off
Example
The soldiers paraded through the streets on Independence Day.
Les soldats ont paradé dans les rues le jour de l'Indépendance.
A2 verb /əˈtrækt/

attract

attirer
Meaning
to cause someone to have interest or draw something towards
Example
The flowers attract bees with their bright colors.
Les fleurs attirent les abeilles avec leurs couleurs vives.
C2 adjective ˌnjʊəroʊˈkɒɡnɪtɪv

neurocognitive

neurocognitif
Meaning
Related to brain information processing and memory power
Example
Neurocognitive functions decline due to lack of sleep.
Les fonctions neurocognitives déclinent en raison du manque de sommeil.
C2 adjective /dɪˈkrɛpɪt/

decrepit

délabré
Meaning
worn out or weakened by age or neglect
Example
The decrepit old house was on the verge of collapse.
La vieille maison délabrée était sur le point de s'effondrer.
C1 noun /ˈmɒd.ə.sti/

Modesty

modestie; humilité
Meaning
the quality of being humble and not boastful about achievements
Example
Despite his success, he showed great modesty.
Malgré son succès, il a montré une grande modestie.
C1 verb /ˈdæmpən/

dampen

humecter, atténuer
Meaning
to make something slightly wet; to make something less strong, active, or intense
Example
The rain dampened the excitement of the outdoor concert.
La pluie dampenée l'excitation du concert en plein air.
B2 verb /skrʌb/

scrub

frotter
Meaning
To rub hard so as to clean, typically with a brush and water.
Example
Excessive scrubbing of the eyes is harmful.
Se frotter les yeux de manière excessive est nuisible.
C1 adverb/adjective /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/

verbatim

mot pour mot ou littéralement
Meaning
In exactly the same words as were used originally; word for word repetition.
Example
She repeated his instructions verbatim to avoid errors.
Elle a répété ses instructions mot pour mot pour éviter les erreurs.
C1 verb pleɪɡd

plagued

affligé
Meaning
Troubled or afflicted persistently by problems or difficulties.
Example
People are plagued by anxiety and depression.
Les gens sont affligés par l'anxiété et la dépression.
C2 noun /ˌvɑːljəˈbɪləti/

volubility

volubilité
Meaning
The quality of talking fluently, readily, or incessantly.
Example
His volubility made him a successful radio host.
Sa volubilité en fit un animateur de radio à succès.
C2 adjective /ˈmɔːdlɪn/

maudlin

trop sentimental
Meaning
Overly sentimental, often tearfully or weakly emotional.
Example
He became maudlin after a few drinks.
Il est devenu trop sentimental après quelques verres.
A1 pronoun /wɪtʃ/

which

lequel
Meaning
used to ask about one or more items from a defined set
Example
Which one do you prefer, the red or the blue?
Lequel préfères-tu, le rouge ou le bleu ?
C1 noun /ˈpriːˌkɜrsər/

precursor

précurseur
Meaning
Something or someone that comes before another and indicates the approach of something else.
Example
The steam engine was a precursor to modern trains.
La locomotive à vapeur était un précurseur des trains modernes.
A1 adjective /blæk/

Black

noir
Meaning
having the darkest color; the opposite of white
Example
She wore a beautiful black dress to the party.
Elle portait une belle robe noire à la fête.
B1 adjective /ˈfæʃənəbəl/

fashionable

à la mode
Meaning
Following the latest styles or trends in clothing, behavior, or ideas
Example
She always wears fashionable clothes to every party.
Elle porte toujours des vêtements à la mode à chaque fête.
B2 noun trænˈzɪʃ.ən

transition

transition
Meaning
The process or a period of changing from one state or condition to another.
Example
The transition from fossil fuels to renewables is vital.
La transition des combustibles fossiles aux énergies renouvelables est essentielle.
C1 noun /ˈtæn.ər/

tanner

tanneur
Meaning
A person whose job is to tan animal hides to make leather.
Example
The tanner worked long hours to produce fine leather.
Le tanneur a travaillé de longues heures pour produire du cuir de qualité.
C2 noun /ˈbɔːl.səm ˈæp.əl/

Balsam apple

melon amer
Meaning
a bitter gourd vegetable with a bumpy green skin, also known as bitter melon
Example
Balsam apple is cooked with spices to reduce its bitter taste.
Le melon amer est cuit avec des épices pour réduire son goût amer.
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈpaʊər/

overpower

dominer
Meaning
To defeat or gain control over someone or something by using greater strength or force.
Example
The soldiers managed to overpower the enemy forces.
Les soldats ont réussi à dominer les forces ennemies.
B2 noun /ˈtæd.poʊl/

Tadpole

têtard
Meaning
the larval stage of a frog or toad, having gills and a tail
Example
The pond was full of tadpoles swimming around.
L'étang était rempli de têtards nageant partout.
C1 noun /ˌnjʊə.roʊ.plæˈstɪs.ɪ.ti/

neuroplasticity

neuroplasticité
Meaning
The brain's ability to reorganize itself by forming new neural connections throughout life.
Example
Neuroplasticity allows the brain to rewire itself after an injury.
La neuroplasticité permet au cerveau de se reconnecter après une blessure.
C1 verb /əˈbaʊnd/

abound

abonder
Meaning
To exist in large numbers or amounts.
Example
Opportunities abound in the field of technology.
Les opportunités abondent dans le domaine de la technologie.
C2 adjective /ˈkɒŋɡruənt/

congruent

congruente
Meaning
in agreement or harmony; having the same shape and size in geometry
Example
Their values are congruent with the goals of the organization.
Leurs valeurs sont congruentes avec les objectifs de l'organisation.
C2 adjective /əˈkwɪzətɪv/

acquisitive

Meaning
excessively interested in acquiring money or material things
Example
The acquisitive businessman bought every piece of land he could find.
B2 adjective /ˈdʒuːsi/

juicy

juteux
Meaning
Full of juice; succulent; also used to describe something exciting or scandalous.
Example
The steak was so juicy that it melted in my mouth.
Le steak était tellement juteux qu'il fondait dans ma bouche.
C2 adjective /ˈpɪd.lɪŋ/

Piddling

insignifiant; trivial; petite quantité
Meaning
trivial; insignificant; small in amount
Example
He was annoyed by the piddling amount of money he received.
Il était contrarié par la petite quantité d'argent qu'il avait reçue.
B2 verb /əˈsɛmbəl/

assemble

assembler
Meaning
to gather or bring together in one place
Example
The students assembled in the hall for the meeting.
les étudiants se sont réunis dans la salle pour la réunion.
C2 noun /pɜːrtʃt raɪs/

Perched rice

riz soufflé
Meaning
puffed rice; rice that has been heated and puffed into light, crispy grains
Example
I enjoy eating puffed rice as a healthy snack.
J'aime manger du riz soufflé comme collation saine.
A2 noun, verb /ˈmætər/

matter

question / importance
Meaning
A subject or situation under consideration; to be important.
Example
It doesn’t matter what others think.
Peu importe ce que pensent les autres.
C1 adjective /ˈɪnsələnt/

insolent

insolent, arrogant
Meaning
showing a rude and arrogant lack of respect
Example
The insolent student refused to follow the teacher's instructions.
L'étudiant insolent a refusé de suivre les instructions du professeur.
C1 verb /ˈbəʊl.stər/

bolster

renforcer
Meaning
To support or strengthen; to prop up.
Example
The new policy aims to bolster economic growth.
La nouvelle politique vise à renforcer la croissance économique.
B1 adjective /ˌʌndərˈstændəbl/

understandable

compréhensible
Meaning
Able to be understood; reasonable or justifiable.
Example
Her reaction was understandable given the situation.
Sa réaction était compréhensible étant donné la situation.
C1 noun /ɒnˈsɒmbəl/

ensemble

ensemble, groupe
Meaning
a group of things or people viewed as a whole, especially performers in music or theater
Example
The theater ensemble gave a spectacular performance.
L'ensemble théâtral a donné une performance spectaculaire.
C2 adjective /ɡrʌf/

gruff

rude
Meaning
Rough or stern in manner, speech, or voice.
Example
Despite his gruff manner, he was very kind-hearted.
Malgré son comportement rude, il était très gentil.
C1 adjective ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.lənt

vigilant

vigilant
Meaning
Keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties; alert and watchful.
Example
The guards remained vigilant throughout the night.
Les gardes sont restés vigilants toute la nuit.
C1 verb /ˈædʒ.ɪ.teɪt/

agitate

agiter, provoquer
Meaning
to stir up feelings or disturb; to campaign for change
Example
The protesters agitated for better working conditions.
Les manifestants ont agité pour de meilleures conditions de travail.
C2 adjective /əˈkɜːrsɪd/

accursed

maudit
Meaning
Doomed, detestable, or under a curse.
Example
The villagers avoided the accursed house on the hill.
Les villageois ont évité la maison maudite sur la colline.
B2 adverb /ɪmˈpɒlɪtli/

impolitely

impoliment
Meaning
in a rude or discourteous manner; without showing respect or proper manners
Example
He spoke impolitely to the waiter despite the polite service.
Il a parlé impoliment au serveur malgré le bon service.
C1 adjective, verb /muːt/

moot

irrélevant / discutable
Meaning
Adjective: subject to debate or irrelevant. Verb: to suggest an idea for discussion.
Example
The issue of funding became a moot point after the project was canceled.
La question du financement est devenue un point sans importance après l'annulation du projet.
A2 adverb /ɪɡˈzækt.li/

Exactly

exactement; précisément; en accord complet
Meaning
precisely; accurately; in complete agreement
Example
Tell me exactly what happened during the meeting.
Dis-moi exactement ce qui s'est passé pendant la réunion.
B2 noun /əˈroʊmə/

aroma

arôme
Meaning
A pleasant, distinctive smell.
Example
The aroma of freshly baked bread filled the kitchen.
L'arôme du pain fraîchement cuit remplissait la cuisine.
C1 noun /krəˈʃɛndoʊ/

crescendo

augmentation progressive du volume
Meaning
a gradual increase in loudness or intensity, especially in music
Example
The orchestra built to a powerful crescendo before the finale.
L'orchestre a construit un puissant crescendo avant la fin.
B2 noun /ˈɔɪ.stər/

Oyster

huître
Meaning
a type of shellfish that can be eaten and sometimes contains pearls
Example
She ordered fresh oysters at the seafood restaurant.
Elle a commandé des huîtres fraîches au restaurant de fruits de mer.
C1 verb /ˈɒfsɛt/

offset

compenser
Meaning
To counterbalance or compensate for something.
Example
The company's losses were offset by gains in other departments.
Les pertes de l'entreprise ont été compensées par des gains dans d'autres départements.
C1 adjective /pæˈseɪ/

passe

démodé; hors de mode
Meaning
no longer fashionable or current; out of date
Example
Some trends from last decade feel utterly passé now.
Certaines tendances du dernier siècle semblent désormais complètement démodées.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɜː.ʃə/

Inertia

inertie; manque d'activité
Meaning
a tendency to do nothing or remain unchanged; lack of activity or movement
Example
The team's inertia prevented them from adapting to the rapidly changing market conditions.
L'inertie de l'équipe les a empêchés de s'adapter aux conditions du marché en évolution rapide.
C2 noun /broʊɡ/

brogue

chaussure robuste; accent
Meaning
A strong outdoor shoe; also a marked accent, especially Irish or Scottish.
Example
He bought a pair of stylish brogues for the wedding.
Il a acheté une paire de brogues élégantes pour le mariage.
B2 adjective /ˈmɪnɪməm/

minimum

minimum
Meaning
The least or smallest amount or quantity possible, attained, or required.
Example
This year saw a minimum unemployment rate.
Cette année, le taux de chômage a atteint un minimum.
C2 verb /rɪˈkjʊə/

recure

soigner à nouveau
Meaning
to cure again; to remedy a second time
Example
The doctor had to recure the wound after it reopened.
Le médecin a dû recurer la blessure après qu'elle se soit rouverte.
C2 adjective ˈkoʊ.dʒənt

cogent

cogent
Meaning
Clear, logical, and convincing.
Example
His cogent argument convinced the jury.
Son argument cohérent a convaincu le jury.
A2 adjective /ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənt/

intelligent

intelligent
Meaning
Having or showing high mental capacity, quick to learn and understand.
Example
She is one of the most intelligent students in the class.
Elle est l'une des étudiantes les plus intelligentes de la classe.
C1 verb /plɒd/

plod

travailler lentement avec effort
Meaning
to work slowly and steadily, often with effort or difficulty
Example
He plodded through his homework despite feeling tired.
Il a fait ses devoirs lentement bien qu'il se sente fatigué.
B2 verb /ˈsʌmən/

summon

appeler, convoquer
Meaning
To order someone to come or to gather courage or strength.
Example
The king summoned his advisors to the court.
Le roi convoqua ses conseillers au tribunal.
C1 verb /sɪˈkluːd/

seclude

isoler
Meaning
To keep someone away from other people; to isolate.
Example
The monk chose to seclude himself in the mountains.
Le moine a choisi de s'isoler dans les montagnes.
B2 adverb /rɪˈpɔːtɪdli/

reportedly

selon les informations
Meaning
according to what is said or believed, although not confirmed
Example
The company has reportedly agreed to the new terms.
L'entreprise a reportedly accepté les nouvelles conditions.
B1 noun səˈluː.ʃənz

solutions

solutions
Meaning
A means of solving a problem or dealing with a difficult situation.
Example
Biotechnology provides solutions to environmental challenges.
La biotechnologie fournit des solutions aux défis environnementaux.
C1 noun, verb /ˈɔːtɒpsi/

autopsy

autopsie
Meaning
a post-mortem examination to discover the cause of death or the extent of disease
Example
The autopsy revealed that the victim had died from poisoning.
L'autopsie a révélé que la victime était morte d'un empoisonnement.
C1 adjective /koʊˈɜːrsɪv/

coercive

coercitif
Meaning
Relating to or using force or threats to make someone do something.
Example
The government faced criticism for adopting coercive measures against protestors.
Le gouvernement a été critiqué pour avoir adopté des mesures coercitives contre les manifestants.
C1 noun /dɪˈmiːnər/

demeanor

comportement
Meaning
a person's outward behavior or appearance
Example
Her calm demeanor impressed everyone at the meeting.
Son comportement calme a impressionné tout le monde lors de la réunion.
C1 noun /ˌrek.ənˌsɪl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

reconciliation

réconciliation
Meaning
The restoration of friendly relations; the action of making one view or belief compatible with another.
Example
The peace treaty was a major step toward reconciliation.
Le traité de paix a été une étape importante vers la réconciliation.
B2 adjective /hɪˈlɛəriəs/

hilarious

extrêmement drôle
Meaning
Extremely funny or amusing.
Example
The comedian told a hilarious story that had everyone laughing.
Le comédien a raconté une histoire extrêmement drôle qui a fait rire tout le monde.
C1 verb /ˌmɪsˈkaʊnt/

miscount

compter mal
Meaning
To count wrongly or inaccurately.
Example
He miscounted the number of chairs in the hall.
Il a mal compté le nombre de chaises dans la salle.
C2 noun /ˌpærəˈnɔɪæk/

paranoiac

personne paranoïaque
Meaning
A person who suffers from paranoia or exhibits extreme, irrational distrust and suspicion.
Example
The paranoiac refused to leave his house, fearing everyone was against him.
La personne paranoïaque a refusé de quitter sa maison, craignant que tout le monde soit contre lui.
B2 noun /ˈden.sə.ti/

Density

densité
Meaning
the degree of compactness of a substance; the quantity of something per unit area
Example
The density of population in the city center is extremely high.
La densité de la population dans le centre-ville est extrêmement élevée.
B1 noun /ˈmeɪkʌp/

makeup

maquillage
Meaning
cosmetics used to enhance or alter appearance
Example
She applied makeup before the party.
Elle a appliqué du maquillage avant la fête.
C1 noun/verb /liːʃ/

leash

la laisse
Meaning
a strap or cord used to control or guide an animal; to restrain or control
Example
The dog was on a leash during the walk.
Le chien était en laisse pendant la promenade.
C2 noun /ˌmɛtəˈfɪzɪks/

metaphysics

métaphysique
Meaning
The branch of philosophy that deals with the fundamental nature of reality, existence, and the relationship between mind and matter.
Example
She studied metaphysics to understand the principles of existence beyond physical science.
Elle a étudié la métaphysique pour comprendre les principes de l'existence au-delà de la science physique.
C1 adjective /ˈwɪst.fəl/

Wistful

mélancolique; nostalgique
Meaning
having a feeling of longing or yearning; melancholy
Example
She gave a wistful smile when remembering her childhood days.
Elle a donné un sourire mélancolique en se souvenant de ses jours d'enfance.
C1 noun ˌfræɡ.mənˈteɪ.ʃən

fragmentation

fragmentation
Meaning
The process or state of breaking or being broken into fragments.
Example
Habitat fragmentation threatens many species.
La fragmentation de l'habitat menace de nombreuses espèces.
B1 noun /ˈsɜːr.kəmˌsˌtæn.sɪz/

Circumstances

circonstances
Meaning
the conditions that affect a situation, action, or event; facts or conditions connected with or relevant to an event
Example
Under normal circumstances, she would have arrived by now.
Dans des circonstances normales, elle serait déjà arrivée.
C1 noun /ˈloʊ.kəst/

Locust

sauterelle
Meaning
a large insect that flies in groups and eats crops
Example
The locusts destroyed the entire wheat field.
Les sauterelles ont détruit tout le champ de blé.
B2 noun /ˈlɒbstər/

Lobster

homard
Meaning
a large marine crustacean with claws and a hard shell
Example
The lobster was served with melted butter and lemon.
Le homard a été servi avec du beurre fondu et du citron.
C2 adverb /ɪkˈstem.pɔːr/

Extempore

spontané; improvisé
Meaning
without preparation; spontaneously; improvised
Example
The speaker delivered an impressive extempore speech at the conference.
Le conférencier a prononcé un discours extemporané impressionnant à la conférence.
C2 verb /ɪnˈθrɔːl/

enthral

captiver
Meaning
To captivate or hold someone’s full attention.
Example
The magician’s performance enthralled the audience.
La performance du magicien a captivé l'audience.
B2 verb /riːp/

reap

récolter
Meaning
to cut or gather a crop; to receive as a consequence of actions
Example
Farmers reap wheat in the late summer.
Les agriculteurs récoltent du blé à la fin de l'été.
C2 noun /ænˈtɪfəni/

antiphony

antiphonie
Meaning
a form of music in which two or more groups or choirs sing alternately in response to each other
Example
The cathedral's architecture was designed to enhance the effect of antiphony.
L'architecture de la cathédrale a été conçue pour améliorer l'effet de l'antiphonie.
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrsɪˈkjuːʃn/

persecution

persécution
Meaning
the act of treating someone cruelly or unfairly because of their religion, race, or beliefs
Example
The persecution of minorities has been condemned worldwide.
La persécution des minorités a été condamnée dans le monde entier.
C1 adjective /ˈdwɪndlɪŋ/

dwindling

diminution
Meaning
Gradually reducing in number, size, or strength.
Example
The villagers relied on dwindling water supplies.
Les villageois dépendaient des réserves d'eau en diminution.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪəl/

viol

un type d'instrument à cordes ancien
Meaning
A stringed musical instrument of the Renaissance and Baroque periods, played with a bow and similar to but distinct from the violin family.
Example
The musician played an old viol in the chamber music concert.
Le musicien a joué un vieux viall dans le concert de musique de chambre.
C1 adjective /ˌhaɪdroʊɪˈlɛktrɪk/

hydroelectric

hydroélectrique
Meaning
Relating to or denoting the generation of electricity using flowing water.
Example
The country invested heavily in hydroelectric power plants.
Le pays a investi massivement dans des centrales hydroélectriques.
C2 noun /nɑːrˈsɪsəs/

narcissus

fleur de narcisse
Meaning
A type of flowering plant with yellow or white blooms, often associated with self-love from Greek mythology.
Example
A narcissus bloomed in the garden during spring.
Un narcisse a fleuri dans le jardin au printemps.
C2 noun /buːb/

boob

idiot; sein (familier)
Meaning
a foolish or clumsy person; an informal and sometimes rude term for a woman's breast
Example
He felt like a complete boob after forgetting the meeting.
Il s'est senti comme un idiot complet après avoir oublié la réunion.
C1 noun /ˈkæpɪˌlɛri/

capillary

capillaire
Meaning
a very thin blood vessel that connects arteries and veins
Example
Oxygen passes from the blood into tissues through capillaries.
L'oxygène passe du sang dans les tissus par les capillaires.
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈvæljuː/

undervalue

sous-estimer
Meaning
To assign too low a value or importance to something or someone.
Example
She felt that her boss consistently undervalued her contributions.
Elle sentait que son patron ne valorisait pas constamment ses contributions.