belittle
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C1 verb /bɪˈlɪtl/

belittle

rabaisser
Meaning
To make someone or something seem less important or less valuable.
Example
He often belittled his coworkers to feel superior.
Il rabaissait souvent ses collègues pour se sentir supérieur.
C1 verb /feɪn/

feign

feindre, simuler
Meaning
to pretend or fake; to give a false appearance of
Example
She feigned illness to avoid going to work.
Elle a feint d'être malade pour éviter d'aller au travail.
C1 adjective /əˌpɒk.əˈlɪp.tɪk/

apocalyptic

apocalyptique
Meaning
Describing the end of the world, or something catastrophic and disastrous.
Example
The movie depicts an apocalyptic future after a nuclear war.
Le film dépeint un futur apocalyptique après une guerre nucléaire.
C1 noun /ˈɡreɪ.tər/

Grater

râpe
Meaning
a kitchen utensil with a rough surface for grating food into small pieces
Example
Use the grater to grate cheese for the pizza.
Utilisez la râpe pour râper le fromage pour la pizza.
C1 verb /bɪˈɡrʌdʒ/

begrudge

en vouloir à quelqu'un d'avoir quelque chose / donner quelque chose à contrecœur
Meaning
to resent someone for having something; to give reluctantly
Example
She did not begrudge him his success.
Elle ne lui en voulut pas pour son succès.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈvɑːlənˌtɛri/

involuntary

involontaire
Meaning
done without will or conscious control
Example
He gave an involuntary shiver when he heard the loud noise.
Il a eu un frisson involontaire lorsqu'il a entendu le bruit fort.
C1 noun /ˈsɛntrɪˌfjuːdʒ/

centrifuge

centrifugeuse
Meaning
A machine that spins substances at high speed to separate different components.
Example
The lab technician used a centrifuge to separate the blood cells from the plasma.
Le technicien de laboratoire a utilisé une centrifugeuse pour séparer les cellules sanguines du plasma.
C1 noun ˈθɜː.məl stres

thermal stress

stress thermique
Meaning
Stress caused by excessive heat that affects plant growth and development.
Example
High thermal stress affects plant growth.
Le stress thermique affecte la croissance des plantes.
C1 noun /baʊt/

Bout

combat; lutte; période;
Meaning
a short period of intense activity of a specified kind; a wrestling or boxing match
Example
After a bout of illness, she finally recovered and returned to work.
Après une période de maladie, elle s'est finalement rétablie et est retournée au travail.
C1 noun /ˈaʊtriːtʃ/

outreach

expansion de l'aide
Meaning
The act of providing services or support to people who might not otherwise have access to them.
Example
The charity launched a new outreach program for the homeless.
L'association a lancé un nouveau programme d'expansion de l'aide pour les sans-abri.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnɪfər/

conifer

Conifère
Meaning
a type of tree that bears cones and evergreen needle-like leaves, such as pine or fir
Example
The forest is dominated by conifers like pine and spruce.
La forêt est dominée par des conifères comme le pin et l'épicéa.
C1 noun /ˈdaɪəˌlɛkt/

dialect

dialecte
Meaning
A particular form of a language spoken in a specific region or by a specific group.
Example
He speaks a dialect of Bengali that is common in rural areas.
Il parle un dialecte du bengali qui est courant dans les zones rurales.
C1 noun /ˌhɑːmənaɪˈzeɪʃən/

harmonization

harmonisation, conciliation
Meaning
The process of making things compatible or consistent with one another.
Example
The harmonization of different policies ensures consistent results.
L'harmonisation des différentes politiques assure des résultats cohérents.
C1 verb /sluː/

slew

virer brusquement
Meaning
To turn or slide violently in a particular direction.
Example
The car slewed across the icy road.
La voiture a dérapé sur la route glacée.
C1 noun /ˈfæk.ʃən/

Faction

faction
Meaning
a small organized dissenting group within a larger one
Example
Different factions within the party disagreed about the new policy.
Différentes factions au sein du parti étaient en désaccord sur la nouvelle politique.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈsɛlɪbət/

celibate

célibataire
Meaning
abstaining from marriage and sexual relations; a person who does so
Example
He chose to remain celibate for religious reasons.
Il a choisi de rester célibataire pour des raisons religieuses.
C1 adjective /ˌɔːrθəˈpiːdɪk/

orthopedic

relatif à la correction des déformations osseuses ou musculaires
Meaning
Relating to the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.
Example
She visited an orthopedic surgeon for her back pain.
Elle a consulté un chirurgien orthopédique pour sa douleur au dos.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɪstɪk/

mystic

mystique, chercheur spirituel
Meaning
relating to mysteries, spirituality, or hidden truths; a person who seeks spiritual insight
Example
The mystic devoted his life to meditation and spiritual discovery.
Le mystique a consacré sa vie à la méditation et à la découverte spirituelle.
C1 noun /kɔːr/

corps

branche de l'armée, groupe
Meaning
a branch of the military or a group organized for a specific purpose
Example
He joined the army corps after graduation.
Il a rejoint le corps de l'armée après sa diplomation.
C1 noun /ˈstæl.i.ən/

stallion

étalon pour la reproduction
Meaning
An adult male horse that is not castrated, often used for breeding.
Example
The farm owns a powerful stallion for breeding purposes.
La ferme possède un puissant étalon pour la reproduction.
C1 adjective /sɪmˈplɪstɪk/

simplistic

trop simplifié
Meaning
treating complex issues as if they were much simpler than they really are
Example
His explanation was too simplistic and ignored key details.
Son explication était trop simplifiée et ignorait des détails clés.
C1 noun /ədˈhɪə.rəns/

adherence

adhérence
Meaning
The practice of following or keeping to a rule, standard, or belief.
Example
Adherence to rules is crucial in any organization.
Le respect des règles est crucial dans toute organisation.
C1 noun /ˈsɒnɪt/

sonnet

sonnet
Meaning
A poem of 14 lines using formal rhyme schemes, often about love.
Example
Shakespeare wrote many famous sonnets about love and beauty.
Shakespeare a écrit de nombreux sonnets célèbres sur l'amour et la beauté.
C1 verb ɪˈmɜːrs

immerse

plonger
Meaning
To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest; to surround completely.
Example
Immerse yourself in the new language.
Plongez-vous dans la nouvelle langue.
C1 noun /ədˈmɪtəns/

admittance

admission
Meaning
the process or fact of entering or being allowed to enter a place
Example
No admittance without a valid ticket.
Pas d'admission sans un billet valide.
C1 adjective /ˌtɒpsi ˈtɜːvi/

topsy-turvy

désordonné
Meaning
in a state of confusion, disorder, or upside down
Example
The sudden announcement left the office in a topsy-turvy state.
L'annonce soudaine a laissé le bureau dans un état complètement désordonné.
C1 noun ˈhʌz.bən.dri

husbandry

agriculture et élevage
Meaning
The care, cultivation, and breeding of crops and animals; farming and agriculture.
Example
Proper husbandry techniques improve livestock health.
Les techniques appropriées d'élevage améliorent la santé du bétail.
C1 verb /weɪn/

wane

décroître
Meaning
To decrease gradually in power, intensity, or size.
Example
The moon wanes after the full moon night.
La lune décroît après la nuit de pleine lune.
C1 verb, noun /ˈflʌstər/

fluster

embrouiller
Meaning
to make someone agitated or confused
Example
The unexpected question flustered him.
La question inattendue l'a embrouillé.
C1 adjective /ˌaʊtˈspoʊkən/

Outspoken

franc
Meaning
frank; speaking directly
Example
She is known for being outspoken about social issues.
Elle est connue pour être franche sur les problèmes sociaux.
C1 noun /tækˈtɪʃ.ən/

tactician

stratège
Meaning
a person who is skilled at planning and achieving goals, especially in military or business
Example
Napoleon was a brilliant tactician.
Napoléon était un brillant tacticien.
C1 noun /aɪˈtɪnərɛri/

itinerary

itinéraire
Meaning
A planned route or schedule of a journey or trip.
Example
The travel agent gave us a detailed itinerary for our vacation.
L'agent de voyages nous a donné un itinéraire détaillé pour nos vacances.
C1 verb məˈtæb.ə.laɪz

metabolize

processer et utiliser les aliments pour la croissance
Meaning
Process and use food for growth and to replace tissue, or process other substances in the body.
Example
The liver helps to metabolize toxins.
Le foie aide à métaboliser les toxines.
C1 verb /ɪnˈtæŋɡəl/

entangle

emmêler
Meaning
to become twisted together or caught in something; to involve in difficulties
Example
The fish got entangled in the net.
Le poisson s'est emmêlé dans le filet.
C1 noun /ˌædəˈreɪʃən/

adoration

adoration / amour profond
Meaning
deep love and respect; worship
Example
The fans showed their adoration for the singer.
Les fans ont montré leur adoration pour le chanteur.
C1 noun /ˈɛn.kleɪv/

enclave

enclave
Meaning
a distinct area or group enclosed within a larger one
Example
The city has a small Italian enclave where traditions are preserved.
La ville possède un petit enclave italien où les traditions sont préservées.
C1 verb /ˈkæp.saɪz/

capsize

culbuter
Meaning
to overturn in the water
Example
The small fishing boat capsized during the storm.
Le petit bateau de pêche s'est renversé pendant la tempête.
C1 adjective ˌɪn.tə.dʒen.əˈreɪ.ʃən.əl

intergenerational

intergénérationnel, entre différentes générations d'une famille
Meaning
Existing or occurring between different generations of a family.
Example
Intergenerational wisdom ensures cultural continuity.
La sagesse intergénérationnelle garantit la continuité culturelle.
C1 adjective /freɪl/

frail

fragile
Meaning
Physically weak and delicate.
Example
The old man was too frail to walk without help.
L'homme âgé était trop fragile pour marcher sans aide.
C1 verb /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪteɪt/

premeditate

préméditer
Meaning
to think about and plan something (especially a crime) beforehand
Example
The suspect was accused of premeditating the crime.
Le suspect a été accusé d'avoir prémédité le crime.
C1 noun /stɛlθ/

stealth

discrétion, furtivité
Meaning
The act of moving, doing, or achieving something quietly and secretly.
Example
The cat moved with stealth towards its prey.
Le chat s'est déplacé furtivement vers sa proie.
C1 noun /tækt/

tact

tact
Meaning
Adroitness and sensitivity in dealing with others or with difficult issues.
Example
He handled the situation with tact and professionalism.
Il a géré la situation avec tact et professionnalisme.
C1 verb /dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/

dissatisfy

décevoir
Meaning
to fail to please or meet expectations; to make someone unhappy
Example
The poor service dissatisfies many customers.
Le mauvais service déçoit de nombreux clients.
C1 noun /ɪnˈtɛstɪn/

intestine

intestin
Meaning
The part of the digestive system where food is digested and absorbed, extending from the stomach to the anus.
Example
The doctor explained how nutrients are absorbed in the small intestine.
Le médecin a expliqué comment les nutriments sont absorbés dans l'intestin grêle.
C1 noun /ˈmɜːrdʒər/

merger

fusion
Meaning
The combination of two or more companies into a single entity.
Example
The merger of the two firms created the largest bank in the region.
La fusion des deux entreprises a créé la plus grande banque de la région.
C1 adjective /ˈfræɡməntɪd/

fragmented

fragmenté, divisé, incomplet
Meaning
Having been broken into fragments; disjointed or incomplete.
Example
The information was fragmented and difficult to understand.
L'information était fragmentée et difficile à comprendre.
C1 noun ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl̩ ˈkɒmpɪtənsi

indispensable competency

compétence indispensable
Meaning
Essential skill or ability that cannot be done without; a crucial capability that is absolutely necessary.
Example
Digital literacy is an indispensable competency in the 21st century.
L'alphabétisation numérique est une compétence indispensable au XXIe siècle.
C1 noun /ˈbɛd.rɒk/

bedrock

fondation
Meaning
the solid rock layer beneath the soil; the fundamental basis of something
Example
Trust is the bedrock of a healthy relationship.
La confiance est la fondation d'une relation saine.
C1 verb, noun /dɪsˈkrɛdɪt/

discredit

discréditer
Meaning
To harm the reputation of someone or something; loss of respect or credibility.
Example
The scandal discredited the politician in the eyes of the public.
Le scandale a discrédité le politicien aux yeux du public.
C1 adjective /sɪˈmɛtrɪkəl/

symmetrical

symétrique
Meaning
having parts on either side that match or are the same in shape, size, or arrangement
Example
The artist designed a symmetrical pattern on the floor.
L'artiste a conçu un motif symétrique sur le sol.
C1 noun /ˈtwɪstər/

twister

tornade
Meaning
A tornado or something that twists; also refers to a challenging tongue twister.
Example
The twister destroyed several houses in the village.
La tornade a détruit plusieurs maisons dans le village.
C1 adjective /ɡlaɪˈsiː.mɪk/

glycemic

lié au glucose
Meaning
Relating to the presence of glucose in the blood and how foods affect blood sugar levels.
Example
High-glycemic foods cause a rapid increase in blood sugar.
Les aliments à indice glycémique élevé provoquent une augmentation rapide du taux de sucre dans le sang.
C1 noun /ˈtɛmptər/

tempter

tentateur
Meaning
a person or thing that entices someone into doing something wrong
Example
The tempter whispered false promises into his ear.
Le tentateur chuchota de fausses promesses à son oreille.
C1 noun /stɪnt/

stint

période temporaire
Meaning
a period of time spent doing a particular job or activity
Example
She did a short stint as a teacher before moving abroad.
Elle a fait un court passage en tant qu'enseignante avant de partir à l'étranger.
C1 noun /ˈɡɑːr.lənd/

Garland

guirlande; couronne de fleurs;
Meaning
a wreath of flowers and leaves, worn on the head or hung as decoration
Example
The bride wore a beautiful floral garland during the traditional ceremony.
La mariée a porté une belle guirlande florale lors de la cérémonie traditionnelle.
C1 noun /luːm/

Loom

métier à tisser
Meaning
a machine for weaving cloth; to appear threatening or menacing
Example
The weaver worked at the loom to create beautiful fabrics.
Le tisserand a travaillé sur le métier à tisser pour créer de beaux tissus.
C1 verb /trænˈskraɪb/

transcribe

transcrire
Meaning
to make a written copy of spoken words or notes
Example
The secretary transcribed the meeting minutes.
La secrétaire a transcrit les procès-verbaux de la réunion.
C1 noun /ˈpeɪ.ɡən/

Pagan

païen
Meaning
a person holding religious beliefs other than the main world religions; a heathen
Example
Ancient Romans considered early Christians to be pagans.
Les Romains antiques considéraient les premiers chrétiens comme des paiens.
C1 noun /ˈfreɪlti/

frailty

fragilité
Meaning
The condition of being weak, delicate, or easily broken.
Example
Old age often comes with physical frailty.
La vieillesse vient souvent avec une fragilité physique.
C1 adverb /ˈfeɪ.təl.i/

Fatally

fatalement
Meaning
in a way that causes death; with deadly consequences; critically
Example
The accident fatally injured two passengers.
L'accident a blessé deux passagers de manière fatale.
C1 adjective /kəmˈplɪsɪt/

complicit

complice (dans un crime)
Meaning
involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing
Example
He was found complicit in the crime.
Il a été trouvé complice dans le crime.
C1 noun

Longitude

longitude géographique
C1 adjective /kənˈdʒenɪtl/

congenital

congénital
Meaning
existing from birth, usually describing a disease or condition
Example
The child was born with a congenital heart defect.
L'enfant est né avec une malformation cardiaque congénitale.
C1 noun /ˈæbdəmən/

abdomen

abdomen
Meaning
The part of the body below the chest and above the hips that contains the stomach and other organs.
Example
He complained of pain in his abdomen.
Il s'est plaint de douleur dans son abdomen.
C1 noun /ˈskaɪ.lɑːrk/

Sky-Lark

alouette
Meaning
a small brown bird known for singing while flying high in the sky
Example
The skylark sang beautifully as it soared above the meadow.
L'alouette chanta magnifiquement pendant qu'elle s'élevait au-dessus du pré.
C1 adjective /stɔːntʃ/

staunch

ferme, fidèle
Meaning
Loyal, committed, and firm in support.
Example
She is a staunch supporter of environmental protection.
Elle est une défenseure ferme de la protection de l'environnement.
C1 verb /əˈpreɪz/

appraise

évaluer
Meaning
to evaluate the value, quality, or importance of something
Example
The jeweler appraised the diamond before buying it.
Le bijoutier a évalué le diamant avant de l'acheter.
C1 adverb /ˌðɛərˈʌv/

Thereof

de cela
Meaning
of that; from that
Example
The contract and all amendments thereof must be signed.
Le contrat et toutes les modifications de cela doivent être signés.
C1 adjective /ˈbeɪs.ləs/

Baseless

sans fondement; infondé; sans base
Meaning
without foundation; groundless; unfounded
Example
The accusations against him were completely baseless.
Les accusations contre lui étaient complètement infondées.
C1 noun, adjective /ˈlæksətɪv/

laxative

laxatif
Meaning
A medicine or substance that stimulates bowel movements; tending to loosen or relieve constipation.
Example
The doctor prescribed a mild laxative for her condition.
Le médecin a prescrit un laxatif léger pour son état.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈdɪɡnənt/

indignant

indigné
Meaning
Feeling or showing anger at something considered unfair or unjust.
Example
She was indignant when accused of cheating.
Elle était indignée lorsqu'elle a été accusée de tricher.
C1 noun /prəˈspɛktəs/

prospectus

prospectus
Meaning
a printed document that advertises or describes a school, business, or investment offering
Example
The university sent out a prospectus to attract new students.
L'université a envoyé un prospectus pour attirer de nouveaux étudiants.
C1 adjective dɪˈskrɪmɪnətɔːri

discriminatory

discriminatoire
Meaning
Making or showing an unfair or prejudicial distinction between different categories of people or things.
Example
Discriminatory policies triggered protests.
Les politiques discriminatoires ont déclenché des protestations.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌrʌnər/

forerunner

précurseur
Meaning
A person or thing that comes before another; a predecessor or harbinger.
Example
The Wright brothers were the forerunners of modern aviation.
Les frères Wright étaient les précurseurs de l'aviation moderne.
C1 adjective /ˈstɛr.aɪl/

sterile

stérile
Meaning
Free from bacteria or other living microorganisms; incapable of producing offspring.
Example
The surgeon worked in a sterile environment to avoid infection.
Le chirurgien a travaillé dans un environnement stérile pour éviter l'infection.
C1 verb /ræsp/

rasp

parler d'une voix rugueuse ou râper avec un bruit grossier
Meaning
to speak in a rough, harsh voice or to scrape with a coarse sound
Example
He rasped out a warning before collapsing.
Il a râpé un avertissement avant de s'effondrer.
C1 noun /tʃæmp/

champ

champion / gagnant
Meaning
an informal word for champion or winner.
Example
He is the new champ of the boxing tournament.
Il est le nouveau champion du tournoi de boxe.
C1 adjective /ˌaɪdiəˈlɪstɪk/

Idealistic

idéaliste
Meaning
pursuing high principles or ideals; unrealistically optimistic
Example
She has an idealistic view of changing the world.
Elle a une vision idéaliste de changer le monde.
C1 verb /ˌoʊvərˈʃædoʊ/

overshadow

éclipser
Meaning
to appear more important or significant than something else, reducing its impact
Example
The scandal overshadowed his achievements.
Le scandale a éclipsé ses réalisations.
C1 verb /ɪnˈvɜːrt/

invert

inverser
Meaning
To turn something upside down or in the opposite position, order, or direction.
Example
He inverted the glass to let the water drain out.
Il a inversé le verre pour laisser l'eau s'écouler.
C1 noun ˈkætəlɪst

catalyst

catalyseur
Meaning
A person or thing that precipitates an event or change.
Example
His speech acted as a catalyst for change in the community.
Son discours a agi comme un catalyseur pour le changement dans la communauté.
C1 noun ˈkiː.stəʊn ˈspiː.ʃiːz

keystone species

espèce clé
Meaning
A species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically.
Example
Wolves are a keystone species that regulate prey populations.
Les loups sont une espèce clé qui régule les populations de proies.
C1 verb /əˈfɪʃieɪt/

officiate

officier
Meaning
To perform official duties, especially in a ceremony or as a referee.
Example
The priest will officiate the wedding ceremony.
Le prêtre officiera la cérémonie de mariage.
C1 verb /ˈseɪ.vər/

savor

savourer pleinement
Meaning
To enjoy something completely, especially by dwelling on it.
Example
He savored every bite of the delicious cake.
Il savoura chaque bouchée du délicieux gâteau.
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrpənˌtiːn/

serpentine

serpentin
Meaning
Having the shape, movement, or qualities of a serpent; winding or twisting.
Example
The road took a serpentine path through the mountains.
La route suivait un chemin serpentin à travers les montagnes.
C1 noun /ˈmaɪlɪdʒ/

mileage

rendement
Meaning
The distance traveled in miles, or the fuel efficiency of a vehicle.
Example
This car gives excellent mileage on highways.
Cette voiture offre un excellent rendement sur les autoroutes.
C1 noun ˈæf.lu.əns

affluence

afflux
Meaning
The state of having a great deal of money; wealth.
Example
His affluence allowed him to travel the world.
Sa fortune lui a permis de voyager à travers le monde.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmeɪʃieɪtɪd/

emaciated

émacié
Meaning
Abnormally thin or weak, usually due to illness or lack of food.
Example
The emaciated dog was rescued from the abandoned house.
Le chien émacié a été sauvé de la maison abandonnée.
C1 noun /ˈsɔː.dʌst/

sawdust

sciure
Meaning
The tiny particles of wood produced by sawing or sanding.
Example
The floor was covered with sawdust from the carpentry work.
Le sol était couvert de sciure provenant du travail de menuiserie.
C1 verb trænˈsɛnd

transcend

transcender
Meaning
To go beyond the limits of something; to surpass or exceed
Example
His effort to transcend traditional methods was commendable.
Son effort pour transcender les méthodes traditionnelles était louable.
C1 noun ˈhɛroʊˌɪzəm

heroism

héroïsme
Meaning
Great bravery; the qualities or attributes of a hero.
Example
The heroism of freedom fighters inspires the nation.
L'héroïsme des combattants pour la liberté inspire la nation.
C1 noun /ˈnɛktəriːn/

nectarine

nectarine (variété de pêche à peau lisse)
Meaning
A smooth-skinned variety of peach.
Example
She bought a basket of fresh nectarines from the market.
Elle a acheté un panier de nectarines fraîches au marché.
C1 noun /ˌsæl.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən/

Salutation

salutation; expression de bons vœux
Meaning
a greeting; an expression of goodwill
Example
The letter began with a formal salutation.
La lettre a commencé par une salutation formelle.
C1 noun ˈsʌs.tɪ.nəns

Sustenance

subsistance ou alimentation
Meaning
Food or support necessary for sustaining life
Example
Water is essential for human sustenance.
L'eau est essentielle à la subsistance humaine.
C1 adjective /ˈten.tə.tɪv/

Tentative

tentatif; provisoire
Meaning
not certain or fixed; provisional; hesitant or unsure
Example
We made tentative plans to meet next week.
Nous avons fait des plans provisoires pour nous rencontrer la semaine prochaine.
C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

sérénité
Meaning
The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Example
Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.
La méditation aide à atteindre la sérénité intérieure.
C1 noun /ˈɡlɒs.ər.i/

Glossary

glossaire
Meaning
an alphabetical list of terms in a particular domain of knowledge with explanations; a brief dictionary
Example
The textbook includes a helpful glossary at the end to define technical terms.
Le manuel comprend un glossaire utile à la fin pour définir les termes techniques.
C1 noun /ˌkɒŋɡrɪˈɡeɪʃən/

congregation

congrégation
Meaning
a group of people assembled for religious worship or a common purpose
Example
The congregation gathered to hear the sermon.
La congrégation s'est réunie pour écouter le sermon.
C1 noun ˌpraɪɔːrɪtaɪˈzeɪʃən

prioritization

priorisation
Meaning
The action or process of deciding the relative importance or urgency of things.
Example
Effective prioritization ensures resources are used efficiently.
Une priorisation efficace garantit que les ressources sont utilisées efficacement.
C1 adjective /ˌæprɪˈhɛnsɪv/

apprehensive

anxieux
Meaning
feeling anxious or fearful that something bad will happen
Example
He was apprehensive about starting a new job in a foreign country.
Il était anxieux à l'idée de commencer un nouveau travail dans un pays étranger.
C1 verb /nɪp/

nip

pincer
Meaning
to pinch or bite lightly; to move quickly
Example
The cold wind nipped at my face.
Le vent froid m’a pincé le visage.
C1 verb /tɔːnt/

taunt

moquer
Meaning
to provoke or challenge someone with insulting remarks
Example
The bully tried to taunt him with cruel words.
Le bully a essayé de le provoquer avec des mots cruels.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈɡɑː.dɪd/

Unguarded

sans défense, négligent
Meaning
not protected or defended; careless about revealing private thoughts or information
Example
In an unguarded moment, she revealed her true feelings about the project.
Dans un moment sans défense, elle a révélé ses véritables sentiments à propos du projet.
C1 verb /rɒmp/

romp

jouer joyeusement
Meaning
to play or move in a lively, carefree, and energetic way
Example
The children romped happily in the garden.
Les enfants jouaient joyeusement dans le jardin.
C1 verb /prɪˈkluːd/

preclude

empêcher
Meaning
To prevent something from happening; to make impossible.
Example
Heavy rain precluded the possibility of a picnic.
La forte pluie a empêché la possibilité d'un pique-nique.
C1 adjective ˌkaʊntəprəˈdʌktɪv

counterproductive

contre-productif
Meaning
Having the opposite of the desired effect; tending to hinder rather than help.
Example
Counterproductive activities often stem from dissatisfaction.
Les activités contre-productives proviennent souvent du mécontentement.
C1 noun /krəˈnɒlədʒi/

chronology

chronologie
Meaning
The arrangement of events or dates in the order of their occurrence.
Example
The chronology of the dynasty was carefully studied by historians.
La chronologie de la dynastie a été soigneusement étudiée par les historiens.
C1 noun /ˈtjuːmʌlt/

tumult

tumulte
Meaning
A loud, confused noise, especially caused by a crowd; commotion or disorder.
Example
The protest created a tumult in the city square.
La manifestation a créé un tumulte sur la place de la ville.
C1 adjective /ˈræmpənt/

rampant

rampant
Meaning
existing or spreading unchecked, often in an undesirable way
Example
Corruption was rampant in the city administration.
La corruption était rampante dans l'administration de la ville.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈtoʊld/

Untold

innombrable; infini
Meaning
very great in amount or degree; countless; immeasurable
Example
The earthquake caused untold damage to the city.
Le tremblement de terre a causé des dommages innombrables à la ville.
C1 adjective /tɪˈrænɪkəl/

tyrannical

tyrannique
Meaning
exercising power in a cruel or arbitrary way
Example
The tyrannical ruler silenced all opposition.
Le dirigeant tyrannique a réduit au silence toute opposition.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpɛər/

impair

altérer
Meaning
to weaken or damage something, especially a function or ability
Example
Smoking can impair your lung capacity.
Fumer peut nuire à votre capacité pulmonaire.
C1 noun ˈdʒɛnɪsɪs

genesis

genèse, origine
Meaning
The origin or mode of formation of something.
Example
The genesis of the internet changed the world forever.
La genèse d'Internet a changé le monde à jamais.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈbʊrʒ.wɑː/

bourgeois

bourgeois
Meaning
Relating to the middle class, often with materialistic values or conventional attitudes.
Example
The novel criticizes the bourgeois lifestyle of the city dwellers.
Le roman critique le mode de vie bourgeois des habitants de la ville.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈsaɪtli/

unsightly

désagréable
Meaning
Unpleasant to look at; ugly.
Example
The garbage pile created an unsightly view in the park.
Le tas d'ordures a créé une vue désagréable dans le parc.
C1 adjective /prəˈhɪbɪtɪv/

prohibitive

interdit
Meaning
Too high or expensive to be affordable; serving to prevent or discourage action.
Example
The cost of the medication is prohibitive for many families.
Le coût du médicament est trop élevé pour de nombreuses familles.
C1 adjective /ˈæŋ.ɡjə.lər/

Angular

angulaire
Meaning
having sharp corners or edges; relating to angles
Example
The building has an angular design with sharp corners.
Le bâtiment a un design angulaire avec des coins pointus.
C1 adjective /dɪˈklærətɪv/

declarative

déclaratif
Meaning
relating to a statement that declares something; in grammar, a sentence that makes a statement
Example
A declarative sentence simply states a fact or opinion.
Une phrase déclarative énonce simplement un fait ou une opinion.
C1 noun /ˈɪŋklɪŋ/

inkling

indice
Meaning
A slight idea, hint, or suspicion about something.
Example
She had an inkling that he was planning a surprise.
Elle avait une vague idée qu'il préparait une surprise.
C1 adjective, noun /ˈkɔːrpərəl/

corporal

corporal
Meaning
relating to the body; a low-ranking officer in the military
Example
He suffered a corporal punishment for his mistake.
Il a subi une punition corporelle pour son erreur.
C1 adjective /θiːˈmætɪk/

thematic

thématique
Meaning
Relating to or based on a theme.
Example
The book is organized into thematic chapters.
Le livre est organisé en chapitres thématiques.