alluvium
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C2 noun /əˈluː.vi.əm/

alluvium

alluvion
Meaning
Fertile soil deposited by flowing water, especially in riverbanks.
Example
The alluvium in riverbanks is highly fertile for agriculture.
L'alluvion sur les rives des rivières est très fertile pour l'agriculture.
C2 adjective /ˈbrætɪʃ/

brattish

gâté
Meaning
acting like a spoiled child; behaving in an annoying, self-centered way
Example
The brattish boy threw a tantrum when he didn’t get his toy.
Le garçon gâté a fait une crise de colère lorsqu'il n'a pas eu son jouet.
C2 adjective /ˈbʌksəm/

buxom

femme ronde et attrayante
Meaning
Plump, with a full figure and often large-breasted, especially used to describe women.
Example
The actress was described as a cheerful and buxom woman.
L'actrice a été décrite comme une femme joyeuse et ronde.
C2 noun /ˌækwəˈpɒnɪks/

aquaponics

aquaponie
Meaning
A system of aquaculture in which the waste produced by farmed fish or other aquatic animals supplies nutrients for plants grown hydroponically.
Example
Aquaponics efficiently utilizes water by integrating fish and plant farming.
L'aquaponie utilise l'eau efficacement en intégrant l'élevage de poissons et la culture de plantes.
C2 noun /fluː/

flue

conduit de fumée
Meaning
A pipe or channel for smoke and waste gases produced by a fire, gas heater, or power station.
Example
The chimney flue needs to be cleaned regularly.
Le conduit de fumée de la cheminée doit être nettoyé régulièrement.
C2 verb /ˌsɜːrkəmˈnævɪɡeɪt/

circumnavigate

faire le tour du monde
Meaning
to travel all the way around something, especially the earth
Example
Magellan was the first to circumnavigate the globe.
Magellan fut le premier à faire le tour du monde.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.tə.bəl/

inequitable

inéquitable
Meaning
Not fair or just; lacking in fairness or equality.
Example
The distribution of resources was inequitable among the workers.
La distribution des ressources était inéquitable parmi les travailleurs.
C2 noun /ˌsɪɡnɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

signification

signification
Meaning
the meaning or sense conveyed by a word, action, or symbol
Example
The signification of the gesture was misunderstood.
La signification du geste a été mal comprise.
C2 noun /ˈkɒɡneɪt/

cognate

cognat
Meaning
a word related to another word in origin; having the same linguistic root
Example
The Spanish word 'madre' and the English word 'mother' are cognates.
Le mot espagnol 'madre' et le mot anglais 'mother' sont des cognats.
C2 adjective /dɪˈlɛktəbl̩/

delectable

délicieux
Meaning
delicious or highly enjoyable
Example
The restaurant served a delectable meal.
Le restaurant a servi un repas délicieux.
C2 adjective /ˈmʌɡi/

muggy

étouffant et humide
Meaning
uncomfortably warm and humid
Example
It was a muggy afternoon in July.
C'était un après-midi étouffant en juillet.
C2 noun /ˈpɜːrtnəs/

pertness

effronterie
Meaning
boldness or forwardness in speech or behavior; sauciness
Example
Her pertness during the meeting surprised everyone.
Son effronterie lors de la réunion a surpris tout le monde.
C2 noun /ˌpraɪvəˈtɪə/

privateer

corsaire
Meaning
A privately owned armed ship authorized by a government to attack enemy ships during war.
Example
The privateer captured several enemy vessels during the conflict.
Le corsaire a capturé plusieurs navires ennemis pendant le conflit.
C2 verb /stɑːntʃ/

stanch

arrêter le flux de sang
Meaning
to stop the flow of blood or liquid from a wound or source
Example
The nurse quickly stanched the bleeding from the cut.
l'infirmière a rapidement arrêté le saignement de la coupure.
C2 noun /dɪˈstreɪnər/

distrainor

saisie de biens
Meaning
a person, usually a landlord, who seizes another's property for unpaid debt or rent
Example
The distrainor took possession of the tenant's car until the debt was cleared.
Le distrainor a pris possession de la voiture du locataire jusqu'à ce que la dette soit réglée.
C2 noun /ˈpæntəˌskoʊp/

pantoscope

instrument optique offrant une vue panoramique
Meaning
An optical instrument that provides a wide or panoramic view.
Example
The scientist used a pantoscope to observe the entire horizon.
Le scientifique a utilisé un pantoscope pour observer tout l'horizon.
C2 adjective /ˌsʌb.əˈkwɒt.ɪk/

subaquatic

subaquatique
Meaning
Existing, living, or located under water.
Example
Divers explored the subaquatic cave system filled with rare fish.
Les plongeurs ont exploré le système de grottes subaquatiques remplies de poissons rares.
C2 verb /ˈvɪʃieɪt/

vitiate

vicié
Meaning
to spoil, weaken, or make something less effective
Example
One careless remark can vitiate the entire argument.
Une remarque imprudente peut vicié tout l'argument.
C2 noun /ˌær.əˈbesk/

arabesque

design orné
Meaning
a complex, ornate design featuring intertwined flowing lines, often used in architecture or ballet poses
Example
The ceiling was decorated with delicate arabesque patterns.
Le plafond était décoré de délicats motifs arabesques.
C2 adjective /ˈmɔːrdənt/

mordant

mordant, critique ou sarcastique
Meaning
Having a sharp, critical, or biting quality; especially in humor.
Example
Her mordant wit often left her friends speechless.
Son esprit mordant laissait souvent ses amis sans voix.
C2 noun/adjective /ælˈbaɪ.noʊ/

albino

albinos (personne/animal sans pigmentation)
Meaning
A person, animal, or plant lacking normal pigmentation, resulting in pale skin, hair, and eyes.
Example
The albino rabbit had white fur and pink eyes.
Le lapin albinos avait un pelage blanc et des yeux roses.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪsɪd/

viscid

visqueux
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency.
Example
The sap had a viscid texture that stuck to his hands.
La sève avait une texture visqueuse qui collait à ses mains.
C2 noun /koʊˈæɡjələnt/

coagulant

coagulant
Meaning
a substance that causes blood or another liquid to clot
Example
The doctor applied a coagulant to stop the bleeding quickly.
Le médecin a appliqué un coagulant pour arrêter rapidement le saignement.
C2 verb /dɪˈspɔɪl/

despoil

piller
Meaning
To steal or violently remove valuable possessions from a place.
Example
The invaders despoiled the village during the war.
Les envahisseurs ont pillé le village pendant la guerre.
C2 noun /ɪmˈpjuːnɪti/

impunity

impunité
Meaning
freedom from punishment or harmful consequences for an action
Example
The dictator ruled with impunity, ignoring international laws.
Le dictateur a régné en toute impunité, ignorant les lois internationales.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈklɛmɛnt/

inclement

météo inclemente
Meaning
unpleasantly cold, wet, or stormy (usually weather)
Example
The match was canceled due to inclement weather.
Le match a été annulé à cause du mauvais temps.
C2 noun /ˈʌŋɡwənt/

unguent

onguent
Meaning
A soothing or healing ointment applied to the skin.
Example
The doctor applied an unguent to heal the burn.
Le médecin a appliqué un onguent pour guérir la brûlure.
C2 noun /kænˈtoʊnmənt/

Cantonment

cantonnement militaire
Meaning
a military base or permanent military station
Example
The soldiers lived in the cantonment outside the city.
Les soldats ont vécu dans le cantonnement militaire en dehors de la ville.
C2 adjective /ɔːrˈθɑːɡənl/

orthogonal

orthogonal
Meaning
at right angles; independent or unrelated
Example
In mathematics, two vectors are orthogonal if their dot product is zero.
En mathématiques, deux vecteurs sont orthogonaux si leur produit scalaire est nul.
C2 adjective /ˌʌn.rɪˈdʒɛn.ər.ət/

unregenerate

intransigeant
Meaning
Not reformed or showing no signs of change; stubbornly refusing to reform or repent.
Example
He remained an unregenerate opponent of progress.
Il est resté un opposant intransigeant du progrès.
C2 adjective /ləˈsɪviəs/

lascivious

lascif
Meaning
showing an overt and often offensive sexual desire
Example
The lascivious remarks made everyone uncomfortable.
Les remarques lascives ont mis tout le monde mal à l'aise.
C2 verb /ɪˈvɪsəˌreɪt/

eviscerate

éviscérer, détruire
Meaning
to remove the internal organs of; to deprive of essential content
Example
The critics eviscerated the movie for its weak storyline.
les critiques ont détruit le film à cause de son histoire faible.
C2 verb /ˈdɒɡmətaɪz/

dogmatize

dogmatiser
Meaning
To state opinions or beliefs as if they were absolute truths.
Example
The professor tended to dogmatize on political issues.
Le professeur avait tendance à dogmatiser sur les questions politiques.
C2 noun /ɛmˈpɔːriəm/

emporium

grand magasin
Meaning
A large retail store selling a wide variety of goods.
Example
They visited the new emporium to buy furniture and home decor.
Ils ont visité le nouvel emporium pour acheter des meubles et de la décoration pour la maison.
C2 adjective, adverb /ˈsaɪdlɔːŋ/

sidelong

regard oblique
Meaning
Directed to the side; indirect, furtive, or not straightforward.
Example
She gave him a sidelong glance across the room.
Elle lui lança un regard oblique à travers la pièce.
C2 noun /prɪˈhɛnʃən/

prehension

action de saisir; capacité à saisir quelque chose
Meaning
the act of grasping or seizing; the ability to take hold of something
Example
Therapists assessed the patient's prehension during hand therapy.
Les thérapeutes ont évalué la préhension du patient pendant la thérapie manuelle.
C2 verb /ˌmɪsˈleɪ/

mislay

égarer temporairement
Meaning
to lose something temporarily by putting it in the wrong place
Example
I must have mislaid my keys somewhere in the house.
Je dois avoir égaré mes clés quelque part dans la maison.
C2 noun prɒkˈsiː.mɪks

proxemics

l'étude de l'utilisation de l'espace personnel
Meaning
The study of how people use space and distance to indicate relationships
Example
Understanding proxemics helps in improving interpersonal communication.
Comprendre la proxémique aide à améliorer la communication interpersonnelle.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnkɒntrəˈvɜːtəbl/

incontrovertible

incontournable
Meaning
impossible to deny or dispute; unquestionable
Example
The evidence was incontrovertible and proved his innocence.
La preuve était incontestable et a prouvé son innocence.
C2 phrase ˌdʒʊə.rɪs.pruːˈden.ʃəl ˈbentʃ.mɑːk

jurisprudential benchmark

repère juridique
Meaning
A legal standard or precedent that serves as a reference point for future legal decisions.
Example
The decision set a jurisprudential benchmark.
La décision a établi un repère juridique.
C2 noun /ˈfɜːrlɔːŋ/

furlong

unité de distance (220 yards ou environ 201 mètres)
Meaning
a unit of distance equal to 220 yards or about 201 meters
Example
The horse ran a furlong before slowing down.
Le cheval a couru un furlong avant de ralentir.
C2 noun /oʊd/

ode

ode
Meaning
a lyrical poem, often expressing praise or strong emotions
Example
The poet wrote an ode to the beauty of nature.
Le poète a écrit une ode à la beauté de la nature.
C2 adjective /ˈɑːsɪˌfaɪd/

ossified

transformé en os, rigide
Meaning
Turned into bone or become rigid; unwilling to change.
Example
The company had an ossified management structure that resisted innovation.
L'entreprise avait une structure de gestion rigide qui résistait à l'innovation.
C2 noun /neɪv/

nave

nef centrale de l'église
Meaning
the central part of a church building intended to accommodate the congregation
Example
The choir sang beautifully in the church nave.
Le chœur a chanté magnifiquement dans la nef de l'église.
C2 adjective /ˈstraɪ.eɪ.tɪd/

striated

striée
Meaning
marked with thin lines, grooves, or stripes
Example
The muscle fibers appeared striated under the microscope.
Les fibres musculaires apparaissaient striées sous le microscope.
C2 noun /ˈbɔːl.səm ˈæp.əl/

Balsam apple

melon amer
Meaning
a bitter gourd vegetable with a bumpy green skin, also known as bitter melon
Example
Balsam apple is cooked with spices to reduce its bitter taste.
Le melon amer est cuit avec des épices pour réduire son goût amer.
C2 noun /rʌmp/

Rump

postérieur; fesses; bas du dos
Meaning
the hindquarters or buttocks; the lower back area
Example
The horse injured its rump during the fall.
Le cheval s'est blessé le postérieur pendant la chute.
C2 verb /ˈræŋ.kəl/

rankle

agacer
Meaning
To cause continuing annoyance or resentment.
Example
His unfair criticism continued to rankle her for days.
Sa critique injuste a continué de la contrarier pendant des jours.
C2 noun /ˈbɛvi/

bevy

troupe, groupe
Meaning
A large group of people or things of a particular kind.
Example
A bevy of swans floated on the lake.
Un groupe de cygnes flottait sur le lac.
C2 noun /ˌdɛprɪˈdeɪʃən/

depredation

pillage
Meaning
An act of attacking or plundering; damage caused by such acts.
Example
The villagers feared the depredation of wild animals at night.
Les villageois craignaient le pillage des animaux sauvages la nuit.
C2 adjective /ˈbaɪ.fərˌkeɪ.tɪd/

bifurcated

divisé en deux parties
Meaning
Divided into two branches or parts.
Example
The river became bifurcated as it flowed around the island.
Le fleuve est devenu bifurqué en deux parties lorsqu'il a traversé l'île.
C2 verb /əˈlɪtəreɪt/

alliterate

répéter le même son consonantique au début des mots dans une phrase
Meaning
to repeat the same consonant sound at the beginning of words in a phrase or sentence
Example
The poet often alliterates words to create rhythm.
Le poète allite souvent les mots pour créer du rythme.
C2 verb /trænzˈmjuːt/

transmute

transmuter
Meaning
to change in form, nature, or substance
Example
Alchemy aimed to transmute lead into gold.
L'alchimie cherchait à transmuter le plomb en or.
C2 noun /ˈbɪɡ.ə.mi/

bigamy

bigamie
Meaning
The act of marrying one person while still legally married to another.
Example
He was charged with bigamy after his second marriage was discovered.
Il a été accusé de bigamie après que son second mariage ait été découvert.
C2 noun /ˌpæliˈeɪʃən/

palliation

soulagement
Meaning
relief of symptoms without curing the underlying disease or problem
Example
Palliation is often the focus of care for terminally ill patients.
Le soulagement est souvent l'objectif principal des soins pour les patients en phase terminale.
C2 noun /ˌdeɪnuːˈmɒ̃/

denouement

dénouement
Meaning
The final resolution or conclusion of a story, drama, or complicated situation.
Example
The novel's denouement was both surprising and satisfying.
Le dénouement du roman était à la fois surprenant et satisfaisant.
C2 verb /ˈʌndərˌmæn/

underman

manquer de personnel
Meaning
to supply with fewer workers or personnel than needed
Example
The hospital was undermanned during the flu outbreak.
L'hôpital était sous-effectif pendant l'épidémie de grippe.
C2 adjective /ˌdɪspjuːˈteɪʃəs/

disputatious

disputeur
Meaning
fond of or given to argument and debate
Example
His disputatious nature often led to heated conversations.
Sa nature disputée menait souvent à des conversations animées.
C2 verb /əˈmælɡəmeɪt/

amalgamate

fusionner
Meaning
to combine or unite to form one organization or structure; to merge
Example
The two companies decided to amalgamate their operations.
Les deux entreprises ont décidé de fusionner leurs opérations.
C2 noun /ɔːˈreɪʃən/

oration

discours
Meaning
A formal speech, especially one given on a ceremonial occasion
Example
The president delivered an inspiring oration.
Le président a prononcé un discours inspirant.
C2 noun /ˈdrɪvəl/

drivel

bêtise
Meaning
silly or nonsensical talk
Example
The politician’s speech was full of meaningless drivel.
Le discours du politicien était plein de bêtises inutiles.
C2 verb /məˈrɔːd/

maraud

piller
Meaning
to roam in search of things to steal or attack
Example
The bandits marauded through the village at night.
Les bandits ont pillé le village la nuit.
C2 noun /ˈbɒmbæst/

bombast

langage pompeux
Meaning
speech or writing that is overly pompous and inflated
Example
His campaign speech was full of bombast but lacked real substance.
Son discours de campagne était rempli de bombast mais manquait de véritable substance.
C2 adjective /ˈsɛrid/

serried

serré
Meaning
pressed or crowded together, often in rows or ranks
Example
The soldiers stood in serried ranks, ready for inspection.
Les soldats étaient en rangs serrés, prêts pour l'inspection.
C2 noun /ˈmeɪlstrəm/

maelstrom

tourbillon
Meaning
A powerful whirlpool in the sea or a situation of confused movement and turmoil.
Example
The ship was caught in a maelstrom of waves and wind.
Le navire a été pris dans un tourbillon de vagues et de vent.
C2 verb /ˈdʒæbər/

jabber

bavarder
Meaning
To talk quickly and excitedly but with little sense.
Example
The children jabbered happily after the show.
Les enfants bavardaient joyeusement après le spectacle.
C2 adjective /ɡlɪb/

glib

superficiel mais insincère
Meaning
speaking easily but without sincerity or depth
Example
The politician gave a glib answer to a serious question.
Le politicien a donné une réponse superficielle à une question sérieuse.
C2 noun /ˈpeɪpəsi/

papacy

papauté
Meaning
The office or authority of the Pope in the Roman Catholic Church.
Example
The papacy played a significant role in medieval European politics.
La papauté a joué un rôle important dans la politique médiévale européenne.
C2 noun /ˈeɪ.pi.ˌɛr.i/

apiary

ruche
Meaning
A place where beehives are kept, especially for commercial purposes.
Example
The farmer built a new apiary to produce organic honey.
L'agriculteur a construit une nouvelle ruche pour produire du miel biologique.
C2 adjective /ˈtræktəbəl/

tractable

facile à contrôler ou influencer
Meaning
easy to control or influence
Example
The child was surprisingly tractable during the long journey.
L'enfant était étonnamment facile à contrôler pendant le long voyage.
C2 verb /aɪˈdɒləˌtraɪz/

idolatrize

idolâtrer
Meaning
To worship idols; to regard with excessive devotion or admiration.
Example
They began to idolatrize the statue as a deity.
Ils ont commencé à idolâtrer la statue comme une divinité.
C2 noun ˌsɜːkəmˈspekʃən

circumspection

prudence, éviter les risques
Meaning
The quality of being wary and unwilling to take risks; prudence.
Example
His circumspection ensured no mistakes were made.
Sa prudence a garanti qu'aucune erreur n'a été commise.
C2 noun /ˈkɔːfər/

coffer

coffre
Meaning
A strongbox or small chest for holding valuables, often used metaphorically for funds or financial reserves.
Example
The city's coffers were drained after the costly project.
Les coffres de la ville ont été vidés après le projet coûteux.
C2 noun /ˈfaɪəl/

phial

petite fiole
Meaning
a small glass container for liquids, especially medicines
Example
The doctor gave her a phial of medicine.
Le médecin lui a donné un flacon de médicament.
C2 adjective /ˌɪnɪkˈspiːdiənt/

inexpedient

déconseillé
Meaning
Not advisable, suitable, or practical in the circumstances.
Example
It would be inexpedient to invest without proper research.
Il serait déconseillé d'investir sans une recherche appropriée.
C2 adjective /ˈæn.ə.daɪn/

anodyne

inoffensif, analgésique
Meaning
Not likely to cause offense; bland or harmless. Also refers to something that relieves pain.
Example
The speaker’s anodyne remarks avoided controversy.
Les remarques anodines de l'orateur ont évité la controverse.
C2 verb /ˈblækˌbɔːl/

blackball

exclure
Meaning
to exclude someone socially or vote against their membership in a group or club
Example
He was blackballed from the club after the controversy.
Il a été exclu du club après la controverse.
C2 noun /pəˈlæv.ər/

palaver

discussion inutile / agitation
Meaning
prolonged and idle discussion; fuss or unnecessary talk
Example
After much palaver, they finally agreed on the plan.
Après beaucoup de discussion inutile, ils ont finalement accepté le plan.
C2 noun /ˈɪntərˌveɪl/

intervale

terre basse le long d'une rivière, généralement fertile et plate
Meaning
A low-lying tract of land along a river, usually fertile and flat.
Example
The farmers cultivated crops on the lush intervale by the river.
Les agriculteurs ont cultivé des cultures dans l'intervalle fertile près de la rivière.
C2 noun /əˈdɛpt.nəs/

adeptness

aptitude et habileté
Meaning
Skill and dexterity in a task.
Example
His adeptness in negotiations helped close the deal successfully.
Son aptitude dans les négociations a permis de conclure l'accord avec succès.
C2 adjective /woʊnt/ or /wɔːnt/

wont

habitué
Meaning
accustomed or used to doing something
Example
She rose early, as she was wont to do.
Elle se leva tôt, comme elle en avait l'habitude.
C2 adjective /ˈkɒndʒʊɡəl/

conjugal

conyugal
Meaning
relating to marriage or the relationship between husband and wife
Example
They enjoyed a long life of conjugal happiness.
Ils ont vécu une longue vie de bonheur conjugal.
C2 adjective /ˈɔːrnəri/

ornery

irritable
Meaning
bad-tempered and combative; stubborn
Example
The ornery old man refused to leave his chair.
Le vieil homme irritable a refusé de quitter sa chaise.
C2 verb /ɛksˈhjuːm/

exhume

exhumer
Meaning
to dig out something buried, especially a body from the ground
Example
The archaeologists decided to exhume the ancient remains.
Les archéologues ont décidé d'exhumer les restes anciens.
C2 noun /ˈeɪʒən swɒmp iːl/

Asian swamp eel

anguille des marais asiatique
Meaning
a snake-like freshwater fish that can survive in muddy waters and is considered a delicacy in South Asian cuisine
Example
Asian swamp eel can breathe air and survive in shallow muddy waters.
L’anguille des marais asiatique peut respirer de l’air et survivre dans des eaux peu profondes et boueuses.
C2 noun /noʊl/

Knoll

petite colline; monticule
Meaning
a small rounded hill or mound
Example
The old oak tree stood majestically on top of the grassy knoll.
Le vieux chêne se dressait majestueusement au sommet de la petite colline herbeuse.
C2 adjective /ˌæpəˈplɛktɪk/

apoplectic

apoplectique
Meaning
Extremely angry; furious.
Example
He was apoplectic when he heard about the unfair decision.
Il était apoplectique lorsqu'il a entendu parler de la décision injuste.
C2 adjective /kəˈprɪʃəs/

capricious

capricieux
Meaning
given to sudden and unaccountable changes of mood or behavior
Example
The stock market can be capricious, shifting dramatically without warning.
Le marché boursier peut être capricieux, changeant de manière spectaculaire sans avertissement.
C2 adjective, noun /pləˈbiːən/

plebeian

personne commune
Meaning
common, ordinary, or belonging to the lower social classes
Example
The festival was enjoyed by both plebeian and noble citizens.
Le festival a été apprécié tant par les plébéiens que par les citoyens nobles.
C2 noun /ˈɔːrdʒi/

orgy

orgie
Meaning
A wild party involving excessive indulgence, especially of a sexual nature.
Example
The novel described a scandalous orgy in a wealthy mansion.
Le roman a décrit une orgie scandaleuse dans un manoir riche.
C2 noun /ˈteɪbər/

Tabour

tambour
Meaning
a small side drum or tambourine used especially in folk music
Example
The folk musician played a lively tune on his tabour.
Le musicien folklorique a joué une mélodie animée sur son tambour.
C2 noun /prɪˈzɛntmənt/

presentment

présentation formelle
Meaning
The act of presenting something formally or officially; a formal statement or document.
Example
The lawyer made a presentment of the evidence to the court.
L'avocat a fait une présentation des preuves devant le tribunal.
C2 noun /pɛlf/

pelf

argent malhonnête
Meaning
Money, especially when gained dishonorably.
Example
The corrupt official was motivated only by pelf.
Le fonctionnaire corrompu était motivé uniquement par l'argent malhonnête.
C2 verb /kwɒf/

quaff

boire d'un coup
Meaning
to drink something heartily or in large gulps, especially an alcoholic drink
Example
He quaffed a mug of ale after the long day.
Il a bu d'un coup une chope de bière après une longue journée.
C2 noun /ˈpɛrɪstaɪl/

peristyle

perronne entourée de colonnes
Meaning
A continuous porch formed by a row of columns surrounding the perimeter of a building or courtyard.
Example
The Roman villa featured a beautiful peristyle garden.
La villa romaine présentait un beau jardin péristyle.
C2 noun /luːˈbrɪsɪti/

lubricity

lubrification
Meaning
the quality of being slippery or smooth; sometimes also refers to lewdness
Example
The lubricity of the surface made it difficult to walk on.
La lubrification de la surface rendait la marche difficile.
C2 noun /əˈmɛrɪkəˌnɪzəm/

americanism

américanisme
Meaning
A word, phrase, or practice characteristic of American English or culture.
Example
The term 'sidewalk' is an Americanism, while 'pavement' is used in British English.
Le terme « sidewalk » est un américanisme, tandis que « pavement » est utilisé dans l'anglais britannique.
C2 noun ˌsaɪ.bəˈnet.ɪks

cybernetics

cybernétique
Meaning
The science of communications and automatic control systems in both machines and living things.
Example
Cybernetics plays a crucial role in artificial intelligence.
La cybernétique joue un rôle crucial dans l'intelligence artificielle.
C2 noun /ˈdoʊneɪtər/

donator

donateur
Meaning
A person who gives something, especially money or goods, as a donation.
Example
The donator wished to remain anonymous after contributing a large sum.
Le donateur souhaitait rester anonyme après avoir contribué une grande somme.
C2 verb /ˈkælvɪnaɪz/

calvinize

Imprégner avec les principes du calvinisme
Meaning
to imbue with the principles or doctrines of Calvinism
Example
The preacher sought to calvinize the community with strict teachings.
Le prédicateur chercha à calviniser la communauté avec des enseignements stricts.
C2 noun /ræŋˈɡuːn ˈkriːpər/

Rangoon creeper

Rangoon creeper
Meaning
A climbing vine with fragrant flowers that change color from white to pink to red
Example
The Rangoon creeper covered the entire fence with its sweet-smelling flowers.
Le Rangoon creeper a couvert toute la clôture avec ses fleurs parfumées.
C2 noun /ˈhaʊsˌbreɪkɪŋ/

housebreaking

infraction de domicile
Meaning
the crime of breaking into a house with intent to steal
Example
The thief was arrested for housebreaking.
Le voleur a été arrêté pour infraction de domicile.
C2 noun /əˈdʌltərənt/

adulterant

adulterant
Meaning
a substance added to something else, often food or drink, to reduce its quality or strength
Example
The laboratory found an adulterant in the milk samples.
Le laboratoire a trouvé un adulterant dans les échantillons de lait.
C2 noun əˌklaɪ.mə.tɪˈzeɪ.ʃən

acclimatization

acclimatation
Meaning
The process of adapting to a new environment or condition.
Example
The hikers needed time for acclimatization to high altitudes.
Les randonneurs ont eu besoin de temps pour l'acclimatation aux hautes altitudes.
C2 noun /ˈklærɪən/

Clarion

clairon
Meaning
a shrill narrow-tubed war trumpet; a medieval trumpet with a clear piercing tone
Example
The clarion sounded across the battlefield to signal the charge.
Le clairon a retenti à travers le champ de bataille pour signaler l'attaque.
C2 adjective /ˈɔːrəˌtʌnd/

orotund

voix profonde et claire
Meaning
full, rich, and clear in sound; pompous in style
Example
The actor's orotund voice filled the theater.
La voix profonde de l'acteur a rempli le théâtre.
C2 verb /ˌrɛprɪˈhɛnd/

reprehend

réprimander
Meaning
to express disapproval or criticism of someone or something
Example
The teacher reprehended the student for being dishonest.
L'enseignant a réprimandé l'élève pour avoir été malhonnête.
C2 noun /ˈnaɪəlɪst/

nihilist

nihiliste
Meaning
A person who rejects all religious and moral principles, often believing that life is meaningless.
Example
He was called a nihilist for rejecting all social norms.
Il a été qualifié de nihiliste pour avoir rejeté toutes les normes sociales.
C2 noun /kəˈraʊzl/

carousal

fête bruyante
Meaning
A noisy or lively drinking party or festivity.
Example
They were exhausted after a night of wild carousal.
Ils étaient épuisés après une nuit de fête bruyante.
C2 noun /məˈlɪŋɡərər/

malingerer

personne qui simule une maladie
Meaning
a person who pretends to be sick to avoid duty or work
Example
The manager suspected that John was a malingerer.
Le responsable soupçonnait que John était un malingerer.
C2 noun /ˈdʒæɡ.ər.i/

Jaggary

sucre de canne non raffiné
Meaning
unrefined sugar made from sugarcane or palm sap; a traditional sweetener
Example
My grandmother uses jaggery instead of white sugar in her recipes.
Ma grand-mère utilise du sucre de canne non raffiné à la place du sucre blanc dans ses recettes.
C2 verb /əˈreɪn/

arraign

inculper
Meaning
to formally accuse someone in a court of law and ask them to respond to the charges
Example
The suspect was arraigned before the judge this morning.
Le suspect a été inculpé devant le juge ce matin.
C2 adjective /ˌlækəˈdeɪzɪkəl/

lackadaisical

désinvolte ou paresseux
Meaning
lacking enthusiasm, energy, or determination; careless or lazy
Example
His lackadaisical attitude toward work annoyed his boss.
Son attitude désinvolte envers le travail agaçait son patron.
C2 noun, verb /ɡəˈrɒt/

garrote

étrangler
Meaning
A method of execution by strangulation, or to strangle someone with a cord or wire.
Example
The assassin attempted to garrote his target in the alley.
L'assassin a tenté de garroter sa cible dans la ruelle.
C2 adjective /ˈmɔːdlɪn/

maudlin

trop sentimental
Meaning
Overly sentimental, often tearfully or weakly emotional.
Example
He became maudlin after a few drinks.
Il est devenu trop sentimental après quelques verres.
C2 verb /əˈdʌltəreɪt/

adulterate

adulterer
Meaning
to make something poorer in quality by adding another substance, usually of lower quality
Example
The company was fined for adulterating its products with cheap chemicals.
L'entreprise a été condamnée à une amende pour avoir adultéré ses produits avec des produits chimiques bon marché.
C2 noun /ˈmædrɪɡəl/

madrigal

madrigal
Meaning
A short, lyrical poem set to music, typically from the Renaissance period.
Example
The choir performed a beautiful madrigal from the 16th century.
Le chœur a interprété un magnifique madrigal du XVIe siècle.
C2 noun /ˈmiːliərɪzəm/

meliorism

méliorisme
Meaning
The belief that the world tends to improve and that humans can aid its betterment.
Example
Her philosophy of meliorism kept her hopeful during difficult times.
Sa philosophie du méliorisme l'a maintenue pleine d'espoir pendant les moments difficiles.
C2 noun /ˈpraɪəri/

priory

prieuré
Meaning
a small monastery or convent governed by a prior or prioress
Example
The old priory was converted into a museum.
L'ancien prieuré a été transformé en musée.
C2 noun (plural) /ˈɔːspɪsɪz/

auspices

auspice
Meaning
Patronage, support, or guidance, often used in the phrase 'under the auspices of'.
Example
The conference was held under the auspices of the United Nations.
La conférence a eu lieu sous les auspices des Nations Unies.
C2 adjective /ɪmˈprɒvɪdənt/

improvident

imprudent
Meaning
Not having or showing foresight; spending wastefully or without thought for the future.
Example
His improvident habits left him with no savings.
Ses habitudes imprudentes l'ont laissé sans économies.