alley
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B2 noun /ˈæli/

alley

ruelle
Meaning
a narrow passageway between or behind buildings
Example
They walked through a dark alley to reach the main road.
Ils ont traversé une ruelle sombre pour atteindre la rue principale.
B2 adjective /aɪˈdentɪkəl/

Identical

identique; exactement pareil
Meaning
exactly the same; not different in any way
Example
The twins look completely identical to each other.
Les jumeaux se ressemblent complètement identiques.
C2 adjective /dɪˈmɒtɪk/

demotic

relatif au langage populaire
Meaning
relating to ordinary people or everyday language
Example
The poet used demotic language to connect with common readers.
Le poète a utilisé un langage relatif au langage populaire pour se connecter avec les lecteurs ordinaires.
A1 interjection /ʌ/

uh

euh
Meaning
a sound people make when they hesitate or are unsure what to say next.
Example
Uh, I’m not sure if that’s the right answer.
Euh, je ne suis pas sûr si c'est la bonne réponse.
C2 noun /ænˈtɪstrəfi/

antistrophe

antistrophé (un dispositif rhétorique)
Meaning
A rhetorical device in which a word or phrase is repeated at the end of successive clauses; in Greek choral poetry, the part of the ode sung by the chorus in return movement.
Example
The poet used antistrophe to emphasize the repeated phrase.
Le poète a utilisé l'antistrophé pour souligner la phrase répétée.
B1 noun /θʌm/

Thumb

pouce
Meaning
the short thick finger of the human hand
Example
She gave me a thumbs up to show her approval.
Elle m'a fait un pouce en l'air pour montrer son approbation.
B2 adjective /ˈmɒdɪst/

modest

modeste
Meaning
Having or showing a humble estimate of one’s importance; simple and not extravagant.
Example
She lives in a modest house in the countryside.
Elle vit dans une maison modeste à la campagne.
A1 adjective /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/

boring

ennuyeux
Meaning
not interesting or exciting; dull.
Example
The lecture was so boring that several students fell asleep.
La conférence était tellement ennuyeuse que plusieurs étudiants se sont endormis.
C1 adjective /ˈheɪt.fəl/

Hateful

Haineux
Meaning
causing or deserving hatred; extremely unpleasant or offensive
Example
His hateful comments hurt everyone's feelings.
Ses commentaires haineux ont blessé les sentiments de tout le monde.
B2 noun, verb /bəˈfeɪ/ (noun), /ˈbʌfɪt/ (verb)

buffet

Meaning
A meal where guests serve themselves from a variety of dishes arranged on a table; also means to strike repeatedly (as a verb).
Example
We enjoyed a large buffet at the wedding reception.
B2 noun /əˈsɛnt/

ascent

ascension, élévation
Meaning
The act of rising or climbing to a higher position or level.
Example
The climbers began their ascent to the mountain peak at dawn.
Les alpinistes ont commencé leur ascension vers le sommet de la montagne à l'aube.
B1 noun /ˈkætl/

cattle

bonheur
Meaning
large domesticated animals such as cows and bulls that are kept on a farm for their milk, meat, or hides
Example
The farmer owns a herd of cattle that graze near the river.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun /ˈtoʊɡə/

toga

toge
Meaning
A loose outer garment worn in ancient Rome, typically draped over the shoulders and body.
Example
The senator wore a white toga during the ceremony.
Le sénateur portait une toge blanche pendant la cérémonie.
C2 noun /ˈtʃɜː.nɪŋ stɪk/

Churning stick

bâton de barattage
Meaning
a wooden stick used for stirring and churning butter, milk, or other liquids
Example
Grandmother used a churning stick to make fresh butter.
La grand-mère a utilisé un bâton de barattage pour faire du beurre frais.
C1 noun /ˈkʌntrɪmən/

countryman

compatriote
Meaning
a person from one's own country or rural area
Example
He was proud to meet a fellow countryman at the international conference.
Il était fier de rencontrer un compatriote à la conférence internationale.
C1 adjective /əˈɡæst/

aghast

stupéfait
Meaning
filled with shock or horror
Example
The audience was aghast at the tragic scene.
Le public était stupéfait devant la scène tragique.
C2 noun /vɪm/

vim

vigueur
Meaning
energy and enthusiasm
Example
She performed the dance with great vim and vigor.
Elle a exécuté la danse avec une grande vigueur et énergie.
C1 verb ɪˈmɜːrs

immerse

plonger
Meaning
To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest; to surround completely.
Example
Immerse yourself in the new language.
Plongez-vous dans la nouvelle langue.
A1 noun /koʊld drɪŋk/

Cold drink

boisson froide
Meaning
A chilled beverage; a refreshing drink served cold
Example
I ordered a cold drink to beat the summer heat.
J'ai commandé une boisson froide pour échapper à la chaleur de l'été.
C1 adjective /ˌæl.ɡəˈrɪð.mɪk/

algorithmic

basé sur des algorithmes
Meaning
Based on or using algorithms; relating to mathematical rules or procedures.
Example
Algorithmic processes power artificial intelligence systems.
Les processus algorithmiques alimentent les systèmes d'intelligence artificielle.
B2 noun /ɪkˈskluːʒən/

exclusion

exclusion
Meaning
The process or state of being left out or denied access.
Example
The policy led to the exclusion of certain groups.
La politique a conduit à l'exclusion de certains groupes.
C2 adjective /ˌæd.vɛnˈtɪʃ.əs/

adventitious

accidentel
Meaning
Happening by chance or accident, not planned.
Example
His success was partly due to adventitious circumstances.
Son succès était en partie dû à des circonstances accidentelles.
B2 adjective /trɔːˈmætɪk/

traumatic

traumatique
Meaning
Deeply distressing or disturbing, often related to emotional or physical injury.
Example
The accident was a traumatic experience for the entire family.
L'accident a été une expérience traumatique pour toute la famille.
A1 verb /peɪnt/

paint

peindre
Meaning
to apply a colored substance to a surface
Example
She loves to paint landscapes in her free time.
Elle aime peindre des paysages pendant son temps libre.
C1 verb /kənˈfleɪt/

conflate

fusionner / combiner
Meaning
To combine two or more things, often confusingly, into one.
Example
The article tends to conflate facts with opinions.
L'article a tendance à fusionner les faits avec les opinions.
A2 verb kriˈeɪts

creates

créer
Meaning
To bring something into existence or to cause something to happen
Example
Pollution creates environmental and health issues.
La pollution crée des problèmes environnementaux et de santé.
C1 noun /ˈstəʊ.ɪ.sɪ.zəm/

stoicism

stoïcisme
Meaning
The endurance of pain or hardship without the display of feelings and without complaint.
Example
His stoicism during hardship was admirable.
Son stoïcisme pendant les épreuves était admirable.
C1 adjective prəˈvɪnʃəl

provincial

provincial
Meaning
Of or concerning a province of a country or empire.
Example
Bengali was not just a provincial language.
Le bengali n'était pas juste une langue provinciale.
C2 noun /ɪˌluːmɪˈnɑːti/

illuminati

illuminati
Meaning
a group of people claiming to have special enlightenment or secret knowledge, often linked to conspiracies
Example
Many conspiracy theories involve the Illuminati as a secret world-controlling group.
De nombreuses théories du complot impliquent les Illuminati comme un groupe secret contrôlant le monde.
B1 noun /ˈkɒnflɪkt/

conflict

conflit
Meaning
A serious disagreement or argument, often a prolonged one.
Example
The two countries are trying to resolve the conflict through negotiations.
Les deux pays essaient de résoudre le conflit par des négociations.
A2 noun /səˈluː.ʃən/

Solution

solution; réponse; mélange liquide
Meaning
an answer to a problem; a liquid mixture
Example
We need to find a solution to this problem.
Nous devons trouver une solution à ce problème.
C2 noun /ˈmɔːreɪz/

mores

mœurs
Meaning
the essential or characteristic customs and conventions of a community
Example
Social mores often dictate how people behave in public.
Les mœurs sociales dictent souvent comment les gens se comportent en public.
C1 noun /ɛkˈspeɪtriət/

expatriate

expatrié
Meaning
a person who lives outside their native country
Example
Many expatriates gather in the city’s international community.
De nombreux expatriés se rassemblent dans la communauté internationale de la ville.
A2 pronoun /huːm/

whom

à qui
Meaning
used to refer to the person or people that something is done to
Example
The man whom I met yesterday is my friend.
L'homme à qui j'ai parlé hier est mon ami.
B2 adjective /ˈteɪst.fəl/

Tasteful

savoureux; élégant; de bon goût
Meaning
showing good judgment in matters of style and beauty
Example
She decorated her home in a very tasteful manner.
Elle a décoré sa maison de manière très élégante.
C1 verb /ˈmɛdəl/

meddle

mélanger là où ça ne vous regarde pas
Meaning
to interfere in something that is not one's concern
Example
He always tries to meddle in other people’s business.
Il essaie toujours de se mêler des affaires des autres.
B2 adverb /hɛns/

hence

donc
Meaning
for this reason; as a result
Example
She was the best candidate, hence she was chosen for the job.
Elle était la meilleure candidate, donc elle a été choisie pour le travail.
C1 noun /ˈɡæm.ət/

gamut

gamme complète
Meaning
The complete range or scope of something.
Example
Her emotions ran the gamut from joy to sorrow in just a few minutes.
Ses émotions sont passées de la joie à la tristesse en quelques minutes.
C1 verb /fɔrˈstɔl/

forestall

prévenir à l'avance
Meaning
to prevent by acting in advance; to anticipate and counter
Example
They forestalled the crisis by taking immediate action.
Ils ont évité la crise en prenant des mesures immédiates.
B2 noun rɪˈzentmənt

resentment

ressentiment
Meaning
Bitter indignation at having been treated unfairly.
Example
Resentment grew among the students.
Le ressentiment a grandi parmi les étudiants.
B1 noun /ˈviː.ɪ.kəlz/

Vehicles

véhicules
Meaning
machines used for transporting people or goods from one place to another
Example
There are many different types of vehicles on the road today.
Il y a beaucoup de types de véhicules sur la route aujourd'hui.
C1 noun /ˈtɜː.mɔɪl/

turmoil

tourmente
Meaning
A state of great disturbance, confusion, or uncertainty.
Example
The political turmoil led to mass protests.
Le turmoil politique a conduit à des manifestations de masse.
C1 adjective /ˈsæljʊˌtɛri/

salutary

salutaire
Meaning
Producing good effects; beneficial, especially after something unpleasant.
Example
The accident was a salutary reminder to drive carefully.
L'accident a été un rappel salutaire de conduire prudemment.
C2 verb /ˈhɑːbəl/

hobble

boiter
Meaning
to walk awkwardly with difficulty, usually due to injury
Example
He hobbled across the room after twisting his ankle.
Il boitait à travers la pièce après s'être tordu la cheville.
B1 verb /dɪˈvaɪd/

divide

diviser
Meaning
to separate into parts; to split or break apart
Example
Please divide the cake into eight pieces.
S'il vous plaît, divisez le gâteau en huit morceaux.
C1 verb /reɪv/

rave

aduler
Meaning
to speak or write about something with great enthusiasm or admiration
Example
Critics rave about the new movie.
Les critiques adulent le nouveau film.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈspek.ʃən/

introspection

introspection
Meaning
The examination or observation of one's own mental and emotional processes; self-reflection.
Example
Through introspection, she gained insight into her emotions.
Grâce à l'introspection, elle a acquis une profonde compréhension de ses émotions.
B2 noun /ˈfɪʃ.ɪŋ/

phishing

vol d'informations par fraude
Meaning
The fraudulent practice of sending emails purporting to be from reputable companies in order to induce individuals to reveal personal information.
Example
Phishing emails often trick people into revealing passwords.
Les e-mails de phishing trompent souvent les gens pour qu'ils révèlent leurs mots de passe.
C1 verb /ˈkwɪkən/

quicken

accélérer
Meaning
to make or become faster; to accelerate
Example
His pulse began to quicken as he approached the finish line.
Son pouls a commencé à s'accélérer à mesure qu'il s'approchait de la ligne d'arrivée.
C2 noun /ˈflæt.ər.ər/

Flatterer

flatteur
Meaning
a person who lavishes praise, often insincerely and in order to gain advantage
Example
The king was surrounded by flatterers who only told him what he wanted to hear.
Le roi était entouré de flatteurs qui lui disaient seulement ce qu'il voulait entendre.
C2 adjective /ˈluːpi/

loopy

fou
Meaning
crazy, silly, or eccentric
Example
After working all night, he felt a little loopy.
Après avoir travaillé toute la nuit, il se sentait un peu fou.
B2 noun /æʃ/

ash

cendre
Meaning
the powdery residue left after the burning of a substance
Example
After the fire, only ash remained of the house.
Après l'incendie, il ne restait que des cendres de la maison.
C2 adjective /ˌpærəˈdɪɡmətɪk/

paradigmatic

paradigmatique
Meaning
Serving as a typical example or model of something.
Example
Her success story is paradigmatic of the opportunities education can provide.
Son histoire de succès est paradigmatique des opportunités que l'éducation peut offrir.
C1 noun ˌpriːˌɒkjʊˈpeɪʃən

preoccupation

préoccupation
Meaning
The state of being absorbed in thought; mental distraction.
Example
His preoccupation with work led to neglecting his personal life.
Sa préoccupation pour le travail a conduit à négliger sa vie personnelle.
C1 noun /ˈsʌnˌdaʊn/

sundown

coucher du soleil
Meaning
the time in the evening when the sun goes below the horizon
Example
We planned to reach the village before sundown.
Nous avions prévu d'arriver au village avant le coucher du soleil.
C2 adjective /ˈsɜːrkəmskraɪbd/

circumscribed

circonscrit
Meaning
restricted or limited in scope or freedom
Example
Her freedom of choice was circumscribed by social rules.
Sa liberté de choix était circonscrite par les règles sociales.
B2 adjective /hɑːrˈmoʊ.ni.əs/

harmonious

harmonieux, cohérent, accordé
Meaning
Characterized by agreement or concord; forming a pleasing or consistent whole.
Example
A harmonious work environment boosts productivity.
Un environnement de travail harmonieux augmente la productivité.
B2 noun ˌkɒn.ekˈtɪv.ɪ.ti

connectivity

connectivité
Meaning
The state of being connected or interconnected; the capacity for the interconnection of platforms, systems, and applications.
Example
Improved connectivity boosts economic development.
Une connectivité améliorée stimule le développement économique.
A2 adverb /æz ˈjuː.ʒu.əl/

As usual

comme d'habitude
Meaning
in the way that is normal or typical; customarily
Example
As usual, he arrived late to the meeting.
Comme d'habitude, il est arrivé en retard à la réunion.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkjʊˈbeɪʃən/

incubation

le processus de maintenir des œufs, des cellules ou des organismes dans les conditions appropriées pour leur développement
Meaning
the process of keeping eggs, cells, or organisms in the right conditions for development
Example
The incubation of the eggs lasted for three weeks.
L'incubation des œufs a duré trois semaines.
C1 noun /kriːd/

creed

crédo, principe
Meaning
A system of religious or spiritual beliefs or a guiding principle.
Example
Freedom of speech is part of his personal creed.
La liberté d'expression fait partie de son crédo personnel.
B2 adjective /ˈspeɪ.ʃəs/

Spacious

spacieux; vaste
Meaning
having a lot of space; roomy and comfortable
Example
The house has a spacious living room with high ceilings.
La maison a un salon spacieux avec des plafonds hauts.
B2 adjective /ˌʌn.kəʊˈɒp.ər.ə.tɪv/

uncooperative

non coopératif
Meaning
not willing to help or work with others; unhelpful
Example
The witness was uncooperative and refused to answer questions.
Le témoin était non coopératif et a refusé de répondre aux questions.
A2 noun /ˈlɜrnɪŋ/

learning

apprentissage
Meaning
The process of gaining knowledge or skills through study or experience.
Example
Learning a new language can be exciting.
Apprendre une nouvelle langue peut être excitant.
C1 noun /bruːˈtæləti/

brutality

brutalité
Meaning
extreme cruelty or violence; savage or inhumane treatment
Example
The brutality of the attack shocked the entire community.
La brutalité de l'attaque a choqué toute la communauté.
B2 noun, verb /steɪk/

stake

part, risque
Meaning
A share or interest in a business or venture; to risk or support something of value.
Example
He has a major stake in the new company.
Il a une grande part dans la nouvelle entreprise.
C1 adverb /ˈduːli/

Duly

correctement, ponctuellement
Meaning
in accordance with what is required or appropriate; at the proper time
Example
The documents were duly signed and submitted.
Les documents ont été dûment signés et soumis.
C2 adjective /əˈkwɪzətɪv/

acquisitive

Meaning
excessively interested in acquiring money or material things
Example
The acquisitive businessman bought every piece of land he could find.
C2 noun /ˈdɛrɪk/

derrick

tour de forage
Meaning
A framework or tower used for supporting a crane, especially for oil drilling or lifting heavy loads.
Example
The workers assembled a derrick at the oil drilling site.
Les ouvriers ont assemblé une tour de forage sur le site de forage de pétrole.
C2 noun /ˈpɑr.bəl/

Parbal

courge pointue
Meaning
A green vegetable also known as pointed gourd, commonly used in South Asian cuisine
Example
Mother prepared parbal curry with fish.
Maman a préparé du curry de courge pointue avec du poisson.
B2 noun /əˌveɪləˈbɪləti/

availability

disponibilité
Meaning
the state of being able to be used or obtained
Example
The availability of clean water is crucial for health.
La disponibilité de l'eau potable est cruciale pour la santé.
C2 noun /ˈdiːɪst/

deist

déiste
Meaning
a person who believes in the existence of a supreme being but rejects organized religion
Example
The philosopher identified himself as a deist.
Le philosophe s'est identifié comme un déiste.
C2 adjective /ˌsuː.pɚˈsɪl.i.əs/

supercilious

arrogant
Meaning
Behaving or looking as though one thinks one is superior to others; arrogant and disdainful.
Example
She gave him a supercilious smile as if he was beneath her.
Elle lui a fait un sourire arrogant comme s'il était en dessous d'elle.
B2 noun /ˌdɪsɪnˈfɛktənt/

disinfectant

désinfectant
Meaning
a chemical substance used to kill harmful microorganisms on surfaces
Example
The cleaner sprayed disinfectant on the table.
Le nettoyeur a pulvérisé un désinfectant sur la table.
A2 adjective /ɪl/

Ill

malade; en mauvaise santé
Meaning
sick; unwell; in poor health
Example
He felt ill and decided to stay home from work.
Il se sentait malade et a décidé de rester à la maison du travail.
B1 noun /ˈɔːtəmoʊbiːl/

automobile

voiture
Meaning
a road vehicle powered by an engine, typically with four wheels
Example
He bought a new automobile last week.
Il a acheté une nouvelle voiture la semaine dernière.
C1 verb /ˈrætɪfaɪ/

ratify

ratifier
Meaning
to approve or confirm something officially, usually by law or formal consent
Example
The government ratified the trade agreement.
Le gouvernement a ratifié l'accord commercial.
B2 verb /hætʃ/

hatch

éclore
Meaning
to emerge from an egg; to devise or create a plan
Example
The bird will hatch from its egg soon.
L'oiseau va éclore de son œuf bientôt.
A2 noun tuːlz

Tools

outils
Meaning
A device or implement used to carry out a particular function.
Example
You can use online tools like FamilySearch to create a family tree.
Vous pouvez utiliser des outils en ligne comme FamilySearch pour créer un arbre généalogique.
A2 verb /taɪp/

type

taper
Meaning
to write using a keyboard or typewriter
Example
She can type very fast on the computer.
Elle peut taper très vite sur l'ordinateur.
A1 verb /seɪv/

save

sauver, économiser
Meaning
to rescue from danger; to keep for future use
Example
It's important to save money for emergencies.
Il est important de sauver de l'argent pour les urgences.
B2 verb /ɪɡˈzædʒəˌreɪt/

exaggerate

exagérer
Meaning
to describe something as better, worse, or more important than it really is
Example
He tends to exaggerate his achievements.
Il a tendance à exagérer ses réalisations.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɡreɪnd/

ingrained

enraciné
Meaning
Firmly fixed or established; deeply rooted and difficult to change.
Example
His ingrained habits were hard to break.
Ses habitudes enracinées étaient difficiles à briser.
B1 verb /ɪnˈvɛnt/

invent

inventer
Meaning
to create or design something that has not existed before
Example
Thomas Edison invented the electric bulb.
Thomas Edison a inventé l'ampoule électrique.
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

bonheur
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
B2 noun /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃən/

accusation

accusation
Meaning
A statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal.
Example
She made an accusation of theft against her colleague.
Elle a fait une accusation de vol contre son collègue.
C1 adverb, adjective /ˌɪnkɑːɡˈniːtoʊ/

incognito

incognito
Meaning
In disguise or with one's identity concealed.
Example
The celebrity traveled incognito to avoid the paparazzi.
La célébrité a voyagé incognito pour éviter les paparazzis.
C2 verb /əˈsweɪdʒ/

assuage

apaiser
Meaning
To make an unpleasant feeling less intense; to ease or relieve.
Example
The kind words helped assuage her anxiety.
Les mots gentils ont aidé à apaiser son anxiété.
C2 noun /ˈæltruɪst/

altruist

altruiste
Meaning
a person who has an unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Example
He is an altruist who always puts others' needs before his own.
Il est un altruiste qui met toujours les besoins des autres avant les siens.
B1 verb /ˈmɛʒər/

measure

mesurer
Meaning
to determine the size, amount, or degree of something
Example
She measured the length of the table.
Elle a mesuré la longueur de la table.
B2 noun /ˈkɒn.flɪkt ˌrez.əˈluː.ʃən/

conflict resolution

résolution de conflits
Meaning
The process of finding peaceful solutions to disputes or disagreements between parties.
Example
Conflict resolution is vital for global peace.
La résolution des conflits est essentielle pour la paix mondiale.
B1 noun /wɪtʃ/

Witch

sorcière
Meaning
a woman thought to have magic powers, especially evil ones; a practitioner of witchcraft
Example
The old witch cast a spell on the prince.
La vieille sorcière a jeté un sort sur le prince.
C2 noun /ˈpoʊ.ɪˌtæs.tər/

poetaster

un poète inférieur ou trivial
Meaning
an inferior or trivial poet
Example
He was mocked as a poetaster by the literary critics.
Il a été moqué comme un poétasteur par les critiques littéraires.
B1 adjective, preposition, noun /mɪd/

mid

milieu
Meaning
being in the middle of something; the central part or point
Example
She joined the project in mid June.
Elle a rejoint le projet à la mi-juin.
B1 adjective /ˈæŋk.ʃəs/

Anxious

anxieux; préoccupé
Meaning
feeling worried or nervous; eager with concern
Example
She felt anxious about her upcoming job interview.
Elle se sentait anxieuse à propos de son prochain entretien d'embauche.
A1 verb /raɪt/

write

écrire
Meaning
to mark letters, words, or symbols on a surface
Example
I write letters to my grandmother every month.
J'écris des lettres à ma grand-mère tous les mois.
C2 adjective /ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl/

immemorial

immémorial
Meaning
Extending back beyond memory or record; ancient.
Example
The tradition has been followed since time immemorial.
La tradition est suivie depuis des temps immémoriaux.
C1 verb /ˈfɔːlsɪfaɪ/

falsify

falsifier
Meaning
to make something false or to misrepresent
Example
He tried to falsify the documents to avoid taxes.
Il a essayé de falsifier les documents pour éviter les impôts.
B2 noun /ˈɡɑː.mənt/

garment

vêtement
Meaning
An item of clothing.
Example
She bought a new garment for the party.
Elle a acheté un nouveau vêtement pour la fête.
B1 noun sɪˈkjʊə.rɪ.ti

security

sécurité
Meaning
The state of being free from danger, threat, or loss.
Example
Food security is essential for human survival.
La sécurité alimentaire est essentielle pour la survie humaine.
C2 noun /ˈdɛkəˌpɒd/

decapod

décapode
Meaning
An arthropod with ten limbs, such as crabs, lobsters, and shrimps.
Example
The lobster is a well-known decapod.
Le homard est un décapode bien connu.
C1 noun /kənˈtʃɛrtoʊ/

concerto

composition musicale
Meaning
a musical composition for one or more solo instruments accompanied by an orchestra
Example
She played a Mozart concerto with the orchestra.
Elle a joué un concerto de Mozart avec l'orchestre.
A2 adjective, noun, verb /ˈtoʊ.təl/

total

total
Meaning
the whole amount; complete
Example
The total cost was too high.
Le coût total était trop élevé.
B1 noun/verb /ˌɡærənˈtiː/

guarantee

garantie
Meaning
a formal promise or assurance, especially about the quality or durability of a product
Example
The company guarantees a refund if the product is faulty.
L'entreprise garantit un remboursement si le produit est défectueux.
C1 adjective /ˈækʃənəbl̩/

actionable

exécutable
Meaning
Able to be acted on or giving sufficient reason for legal action.
Example
The lawyer confirmed that the evidence was actionable in court.
L'avocat a confirmé que la preuve était exécutable devant le tribunal.
C1 noun /səˈlaɪ.və/

Saliva

salive
Meaning
the watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
Example
The dentist asked her to rinse the saliva from her mouth.
Le dentiste lui a demandé de rincer la salive de sa bouche.
B1 noun /dɪˈzɜːrts/ (noun: reward or punishment deserved)

deserts

ce que quelqu'un mérite, en particulier une punition ou une récompense
Meaning
what someone deserves, especially punishment or reward
Example
He finally got his just deserts for cheating in the exam.
Il a enfin eu ce qu'il méritait pour avoir triché à l'examen.
A2 adjective ˈpɒzətɪv

positive

positif
Meaning
Having an electric charge opposite to that of an electron.
Example
Protons have a positive charge.
Les protons ont une charge positive.
C2 adjective /ˈkrɒtʃ.ə.ti/

crotchety

grincheux
Meaning
bad-tempered, easily annoyed, and often complaining
Example
The crotchety old man yelled at the children for playing near his house.
Le vieux grincheux a crié sur les enfants pour avoir joué près de sa maison.
C2 noun /ˈlɪtəni/

litany

litanie
Meaning
a long, repetitive, or tedious account or list; originally a form of prayer
Example
The politician gave a litany of promises during the campaign.
Le politicien a donné une longue liste de promesses pendant la campagne.
C1 verb /ʃɪə/

shear

couper
Meaning
to cut the wool off a sheep or to cut something with sharp tools like scissors or shears
Example
The farmer will shear the sheep in the spring.
L'agriculteur shear le mouton au printemps.
B2 noun pərˈsɛpʃən

perception

perception, compréhension
Meaning
The ability to see, hear, or become aware of something through the senses
Example
Our perception of the situation was shaped by our prior experiences.
Notre perception de la situation a été façonnée par nos expériences antérieures.
B2 noun /ˈkɪdni/

Kidney

rein
Meaning
either of a pair of organs that filter waste products from the blood and produce urine
Example
Drinking plenty of water helps keep your kidneys healthy.
Boire suffisamment d'eau aide à garder vos reins en bonne santé.
A2 adjective /ʃaɪ/

Shy

timide; réservé
Meaning
nervous or timid in the company of other people
Example
The shy student rarely spoke up in class discussions.
L'étudiant timide parlait rarement en classe.
C2 adjective /ˈɡlɑːbjələr/

globular

sphérique
Meaning
Having the shape of a globe; spherical.
Example
The scientist studied the globular cluster of stars.
Le scientifique a étudié le groupe globulaire d'étoiles.
C2 adjective /bɪˈfʌdld/

befuddled

dérouté
Meaning
confused, unable to think clearly
Example
He looked befuddled after hearing the complex instructions.
Il avait l'air dérouté après avoir entendu les instructions complexes.
C1 noun /ˈfɒdər/

fodder

fourrage
Meaning
food for livestock such as cattle, horses, or sheep; also something considered of little value but used to supply a demand
Example
The farmer stored enough fodder for the cattle to last through winter.
Le fermier a stocké suffisamment de fourrage pour que le bétail ait de quoi se nourrir pendant l'hiver.
C2 adjective /pərˈfɪdiəs/

perfidious

traître
Meaning
deceitful and untrustworthy
Example
The spy was executed for his perfidious actions.
L'espion a été exécuté pour ses actions perfides.
B1 verb /rɪˈspɒnd/

respond

répondre
Meaning
to give an answer or reply; to react to something
Example
Please respond to my email as soon as possible.
Veuillez répondre à mon e-mail dès que possible.
B2 adverb /ˈwɪl.ɪŋ.li/

Willingly

volontairement
Meaning
in a willing manner; voluntarily; with free will
Example
She willingly helped her neighbors during the emergency.
Elle a aidé volontairement ses voisins pendant l'urgence.
C1 verb /ɪnˈlɪst/

enlist

s'enrôler
Meaning
to join or sign up, especially for military service; to secure someone's support or help
Example
He decided to enlist in the army after graduation.
Il a décidé de s'enrôler dans l'armée après l'obtention de son diplôme.