abdicate
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C1 verb /ˈæbdɪkeɪt/

abdicate

abdiquer
Meaning
To give up a position of power or responsibility, especially a throne.
Example
The king decided to abdicate the throne.
Le roi a décidé d'abdiquer du trône.
C1 noun /ˈves.tɪdʒ/

Vestige

vestige
Meaning
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
Example
No vestige of the ancient city remains.
Aucun vestige de l'ancienne ville ne reste.
C1 noun /ɪmˈbɑː.ɡoʊ/

embargo

embargo commercial
Meaning
A trade ban, restriction, or prohibition imposed by a government or international organization on a country.
Example
The UN imposed an embargo on arms exports.
L'ONU a imposé un embargo sur les exportations d'armes.
C1 noun /dɪsˈɪntrəst/

disinterest

désintérêt
Meaning
lack of interest or concern
Example
His disinterest in the project was obvious.
Son désintérêt pour le projet était évident.
C1 noun/verb /liːʃ/

leash

la laisse
Meaning
a strap or cord used to control or guide an animal; to restrain or control
Example
The dog was on a leash during the walk.
Le chien était en laisse pendant la promenade.
C1 noun /ˌtes.tɪˈmoʊ.ni.əl/

Testimonial

témoignage
Meaning
a formal statement testifying to someone's character and qualifications
Example
The professor wrote a glowing testimonial for her former student.
Le professeur a écrit un témoignage élogieux pour son ancienne élève.
C1 noun /njʊˈrɑːlədʒi/

neurology

Meaning
The branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the nervous system.
Example
She specializes in neurology and treats patients with brain diseases.
C1 noun ɪnˈdʌldʒəns

indulgence

indulgence
Meaning
The practice of allowing oneself to enjoy the pleasure of something.
Example
His indulgence in junk food affected his health.
Son indulgence pour la malbouffe a nui à sa sante.
C1 adjective /prəˈfɛtɪk/

prophetic

prophétique
Meaning
accurately predicting or describing what will happen in the future
Example
His prophetic words came true after many years.
Ses paroles prophétiques se sont réalisées après de nombreuses années.
C1 adjective /ˈstɒdʒi/

stodgy

lourd, vieilli
Meaning
Dull, uninspired, or old-fashioned; also heavy and hard to digest when referring to food.
Example
The lecture was so stodgy that many students struggled to stay awake.
La conférence était si lourde que de nombreux étudiants ont eu du mal à rester éveillés.
C1 adjective /fəˈroʊ.ʃəs/

Ferocious

féroce, sauvage, cruel
Meaning
savagely fierce, cruel, or violent; extremely aggressive
Example
The ferocious storm destroyed many houses in the coastal area.
La tempête féroce a détruit de nombreuses maisons dans la zone côtière.
C1 verb /nɪp/

nip

pincer
Meaning
to pinch or bite lightly; to move quickly
Example
The cold wind nipped at my face.
Le vent froid m’a pincé le visage.
C1 noun /rɑk sɔlt/

Rock Salt

sel de roche
Meaning
natural salt crystals formed from evaporated ancient seas; unrefined salt
Example
Rock salt is considered healthier than table salt.
Le sel de roche est considéré comme plus sain que le sel de table.
C1 adverb /əˈlɜːrtli/

alertly

attentivement
Meaning
in a watchful, attentive, and quick-to-notice manner
Example
She listened alertly to every sound in the dark forest.
Elle écoutait attentivement chaque bruit dans la forêt sombre.
C1 noun/verb /ˈskɜːrmɪʃ/

skirmish

escarmouche
Meaning
a small or brief fight between groups of soldiers; to engage in such a fight
Example
The soldiers got into a skirmish near the border.
Les soldats se sont engagés dans une escarmouche près de la frontière.
C1 verb /məˈtɪərɪəlaɪz/

materialize

se matérialiser
Meaning
To become real or actual; to appear suddenly or in a physical form.
Example
The opportunity he had been waiting for finally materialized.
L'opportunité qu'il attendait est enfin matérialisée.
C1 adjective /dʒəˈnɛrɪk/

generic

générique
Meaning
characteristic of or relating to a whole group or class; not specific
Example
This medicine is available in generic form.
Ce médicament est disponible sous forme générique.
C1 noun /ˌeɪ.li.əˈneɪ.ʃən/

alienation

aliénation
Meaning
The state of being isolated or estranged from a group or activity.
Example
The new policies created a sense of alienation among employees.
Les nouvelles politiques ont créé un sentiment d'aliénation parmi les employés.
C1 adjective /ˈstɛlər/

stellar

exceptionnel
Meaning
Relating to stars; outstanding or excellent.
Example
She gave a stellar performance in the play.
Elle a donné une performance exceptionnelle dans la pièce.
C1 adjective /ˈflɪmzi/

flimsy

fragile
Meaning
weak, fragile, or lacking in strength; not convincing
Example
The chair was too flimsy to support his weight.
La chaise était trop fragile pour supporter son poids.
C1 verb /ɪnˈdʒen.dər/

engender

engendrer
Meaning
To cause or give rise to a feeling, situation, or condition.
Example
The speech engendered hope among the people.
Le discours a engendré de l'espoir parmi les gens.
C1 adjective /ˈʃeɪm.ləs/

Shameless

impudique
Meaning
having no shame; bold and rude; impudent
Example
The shameless politician refused to apologize for his mistakes.
Le politicien sans honte a refusé de s'excuser pour ses erreurs.
C1 adjective /ˌɒmnɪˈprezənt/

omnipresent

omniprésent
Meaning
(of God) present everywhere at the same time.
Example
Social media has become an omnipresent force in modern society.
Les médias sociaux sont devenus une force omniprésente dans la société moderne.
C1 noun /ˈkɜːrfjuː/

curfew

couvre-feu
Meaning
a rule requiring people to stay indoors after a certain time, usually at night
Example
The city imposed a curfew during the unrest.
La ville a imposé un couvre-feu pendant les troubles.
C1 noun/verb /ˈɪnsɛns/

incense

encens / irriter
Meaning
a substance burned for its sweet smell (noun); to make very angry (verb)
Example
The smell of incense filled the temple, but his rude words incensed her.
L'odeur de l'encens remplissait le temple, mais ses mots impolis l'ont mise en colère.
C1 verb /əˈfɪks/

affix

fixer / coller
Meaning
to attach or stick something firmly to another thing
Example
Please affix the stamp to the envelope.
Veuillez apposer le timbre sur l'enveloppe.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈfæləbl̩/

infallible

infaillible
Meaning
incapable of making mistakes or being wrong
Example
Her judgment seemed infallible in matters of finance.
Son jugement semblait infaillible en matière de finances.
C1 noun /ˈmæk.rəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts/

macronutrients

macronutriments
Meaning
Nutrients that are needed in large amounts to provide energy and building materials for the body, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Example
Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are vital macronutrients.
Les protéines, les graisses et les glucides sont des macronutriments essentiels.
C1 verb /ɔːˈθɛntɪkeɪt/

authenticate

authentifier
Meaning
To prove or show that something is genuine or true.
Example
The bank uses advanced technology to authenticate online transactions.
La banque utilise une technologie avancée pour authentifier les transactions en ligne.
C1 adjective /ˌɔːtəˈkrætɪk/

autocratic

autocratique
Meaning
Relating to a ruler who has absolute power and does not consult others.
Example
The manager’s autocratic style discouraged employees from sharing their ideas.
Le style autocratique du gestionnaire décourageait les employés de partager leurs idées.
C1 noun /rɪˈsaɪtl/

recital

récital
Meaning
A performance of music, dance, or poetry, usually by a soloist.
Example
She gave a piano recital at the concert hall.
Elle a donné un récital de piano dans la salle de concert.
C1 noun/verb ˈfɒr.ɪdʒ

forage

fourrage, chercher de la nourriture
Meaning
Food for horses and cattle, especially dried hay or feed; to search for food.
Example
Animals forage for food during the winter months.
Les animaux cherchent leur nourriture pendant les mois d'hiver.
C1 adjective ˌnɒnˈvɜːr.bəl

nonverbal

non verbal
Meaning
Communication using body language, facial expressions, or gestures instead of words
Example
Nonverbal cues play a crucial role in effective communication.
Les indices non verbaux jouent un rôle crucial dans la communication efficace.
C1 adjective /ˈfræɡməntɪd/

fragmented

fragmenté, divisé, incomplet
Meaning
Having been broken into fragments; disjointed or incomplete.
Example
The information was fragmented and difficult to understand.
L'information était fragmentée et difficile à comprendre.
C1 noun /ˈpɪl.fər.ɪdʒ/

Pilferage

vol mineur
Meaning
the theft of small amounts or items, especially from one's workplace
Example
The company installed cameras to prevent pilferage.
L'entreprise a installé des caméras pour prévenir le vol.
C1 verb /per/

pare

éplucher
Meaning
to cut away the outer covering or reduce something gradually
Example
She pared the apple before eating it.
Elle a pelé la pomme avant de la manger.
C1 verb /ɪˈlæps/

elapse

s'écouler
Meaning
to pass or go by, usually referring to time
Example
Several hours elapsed before he finally returned home.
Plusieurs heures se sont écoulées avant qu'il ne revienne finalement à la maison.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈtʌtʃ/

retouch

retoucher
Meaning
To improve or repair a picture, photograph, or image by making small changes.
Example
The photographer retouched the image to remove blemishes.
Le photographe a retouché l'image pour enlever les imperfections.
C1 noun /ˈfɔːrˌbɛərz/

forebears

ancêtres
Meaning
Ancestors or people in previous generations from whom one is descended.
Example
We must honor the traditions of our forebears.
Nous devons honorer les traditions de nos ancêtres.
C1 adjective /ˈdwɪndlɪŋ/

dwindling

diminution
Meaning
Gradually reducing in number, size, or strength.
Example
The villagers relied on dwindling water supplies.
Les villageois dépendaient des réserves d'eau en diminution.
C1 noun /kəˈluːʒən/

collusion

collusion
Meaning
A secret agreement or cooperation, especially for an illegal or dishonest purpose.
Example
There was evidence of collusion between the officials and the contractors.
Il y avait des preuves de collusion entre les fonctionnaires et les entrepreneurs.
C1 noun /əˌlɪtəˈreɪʃən/

alliteration

allitération
Meaning
the occurrence of the same consonant sound at the beginning of words in close succession
Example
She used alliteration in her poem to add musicality.
Elle a utilisé l'alliteration dans son poème pour ajouter de la musicalité.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɪd.ju.əs/

deciduous

décidu
Meaning
Referring to trees that shed their leaves seasonally, typically in autumn.
Example
Oak and maple trees are deciduous, shedding leaves in autumn.
Les chênes et les érables sont des arbres décidues, perdant leurs feuilles en automne.
C1 noun /ˈdʒʌŋk.tʃər/

Juncture

moment crucial
Meaning
a particular point in events or time; a critical moment when important decisions must be made
Example
At this juncture, we need to make a crucial decision about our future.
À ce moment crucial, nous devons prendre une décision importante pour notre avenir.
C1 verb /zæɡ/

zag

faire un virage brusque
Meaning
to make a sharp change in direction, especially in a zigzag pattern
Example
The rabbit zagged quickly to escape the fox.
Le lapin a tourné brusquement pour échapper au renard.
C1 verb /paʊt/

pout

faire la moue
Meaning
to push one's lips forward as an expression of annoyance or sulkiness
Example
The child began to pout when he didn’t get the toy.
L'enfant a commencé à faire la moue lorsqu'il n'a pas eu le jouet.
C1 verb ɪˈræd.ɪ.keɪt

eradicate

éradiquer
Meaning
To destroy completely; to put an end to something undesirable.
Example
Vaccination programs help eradicate infectious diseases.
Les programmes de vaccination aident à éradiquer les maladies infectieuses.
C1 noun /ɑːrˈmɑːdə/

armada

flotte de guerre
Meaning
A large fleet of warships.
Example
The Spanish Armada sailed against England in 1588.
L'Armada espagnole a navigué contre l'Angleterre en 1588.
C1 noun daɪˈkɒtəmi

dichotomy

dichotomie
Meaning
A division or contrast between two things that are or are represented as being opposed or entirely different.
Example
The dichotomy between tradition and modernity is often debated.
La dichotomie entre la tradition et la modernité est souvent débattue.
C1 adjective /ˈpɛnsɪv/

pensive

pensif/pensive
Meaning
Engaged in deep or serious thought.
Example
She looked pensive as she stared out of the window.
Elle avait l'air pensive en regardant par la fenêtre.
C1 adverb ɪkˌsperɪˈmentəli

experimentally

expérimentalement
Meaning
In a way that is based on or derived from experiment and observation rather than theory.
Example
Bose demonstrated findings experimentally.
Bose a démontré les résultats expérimentalement.
C1 adjective, verb /sɪˈdeɪt/

sedate

sédater
Meaning
calm, quiet, and composed; or to administer a drug to make someone calm or sleep
Example
The nurse sedated the patient before the operation.
L'infirmière a sédaté le patient avant l'opération.
C1 verb /ˈɛkskəˌveɪt/

excavate

bonheur
Meaning
to dig out or remove earth carefully, often for building or archaeological purposes
Example
The workers excavated the site to prepare for construction.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur quand elle a reçu le prix.
C1 adjective ˌsəʊsɪəʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl

sociopolitical

sociopolitique
Meaning
Combining social and political factors.
Example
Sociopolitical factors often influence public policy decisions.
Les facteurs sociopolitiques influencent souvent les décisions de politique publique.
C1 adjective /ˈpəʊtəbl/

potable

potable
Meaning
safe to drink; drinkable
Example
The villagers did not have access to potable water.
Les villageois n'avaient pas accès à l'eau potable.
C1 noun /ˈprɛsɪdəns/ or /prɪˈsiːdəns/

precedence

prédominance
Meaning
the condition of being considered more important than someone or something else; priority
Example
Safety takes precedence over speed in this factory.
La sécurité prime sur la vitesse dans cette usine.
C1 noun /ˈhɛzɪtənsi/

hesitancy

hésitation
Meaning
The tendency to pause or delay due to uncertainty or fear.
Example
His hesitancy in answering made everyone doubt his confidence.
Son hésitation en répondant a fait douter tout le monde de sa confiance.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

inquisition
Meaning
A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.
Example
The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.
Le journaliste a fait face à une inquisition de la part du panel sur ses sources.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnɑːrˈtɪkjʊlət/

inarticulate

inaudible
Meaning
Unable to express oneself clearly or effectively in speech or writing.
Example
She became inarticulate with emotion during the speech.
Elle est devenue inaudible avec émotion pendant le discours.
C1 noun /ɪˈvændʒəlɪst/

evangelist

évangéliste
Meaning
A person who seeks to convert others to the Christian faith, especially by public preaching.
Example
The evangelist traveled across the country spreading his message.
L'évangéliste a voyagé à travers le pays en diffusant son message.
C1 noun /ˈsɑːri/

Saree

sari
Meaning
a garment consisting of a length of cotton or silk elaborately draped around the body, traditionally worn by women from South Asia
Example
She looked elegant in her red silk saree at the festival.
Elle avait l'air élégante dans son sari en soie rouge lors du festival.
C1 noun /ˈpreɪsiː/

precis

résumé
Meaning
A concise summary of a text or speech.
Example
The student submitted a précis of the long article.
L'étudiant a soumis un résumé de l'article long.
C1 adjective ʌnˈpær.ə.leld

Unparalleled

incomparable
Meaning
Having no equal; unmatched, peerless, and supreme in quality or achievement.
Example
The unparalleled beauty of the Taj Mahal amazes visitors.
La beauté incomparable du Taj Mahal émerveille les visiteurs.
C1 noun /ˈlɪrɪk/

lyric

paroles de chanson
Meaning
the words of a song or a short poem that expresses personal feelings
Example
She memorized every lyric of her favorite song.
Elle a mémorisé chaque parole de sa chanson préférée.
C1 noun dɛkˈstɛr.ɪ.ti

dexterity

dextérité
Meaning
Skill in performing tasks, especially with the hands; mental skill or adroitness.
Example
His dexterity in playing the piano amazed the audience.
Sa dextérité à jouer du piano a étonné le public.
C1 adjective /ˌret.rəˈspek.tɪv/

Retrospective

rétrospective
Meaning
looking back on or dealing with past events or situations
Example
The museum held a retrospective exhibition of the artist's work.
Le musée a organisé une exposition rétrospective de l'œuvre de l'artiste.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪˌbreɪk/

daybreak

aurore
Meaning
The time in the morning when daylight first appears; dawn.
Example
They set out on their journey at daybreak.
Ils ont commencé leur voyage à l'aube.
C1 adjective /ˈæʃən/

ashen

pâle
Meaning
Very pale in appearance, often due to shock, fear, or illness.
Example
His face turned ashen when he heard the terrible news.
Son visage est devenu pâle lorsqu'il a entendu la terrible nouvelle.
C1 adjective /ˈperɪʃəbəl/

Perishable

périssable
Meaning
liable to decay quickly; short-lived
Example
Store perishable foods in the refrigerator.
Conservez les aliments périssables dans le réfrigérateur.
C1 noun dɪˈfleɪʃən

deflation

déflation
Meaning
Reduction of the general level of prices in an economy.
Example
Deflation often leads to decreased consumer spending.
La déflation entraîne souvent une diminution des dépenses des consommateurs.
C1 noun kənˈsɔː.ti.əm

consortium

consortium
Meaning
An association of several companies or organizations formed to undertake an enterprise beyond the resources of any one member.
Example
The consortium worked collaboratively to build the cable.
Le consortium a travaillé de manière collaborative pour construire le câble.
C1 noun /ˌdɛtəˈneɪʃən/

detonation

détonation
Meaning
The act of exploding or causing something to explode.
Example
The sudden detonation shook the entire building.
La détonation soudaine a secoué tout le bâtiment.
C1 verb /eɪl/

ail

être malade
Meaning
to be ill or suffer from a physical or mental problem; to trouble or afflict
Example
She has been ailing since last winter.
Elle est malade depuis l’hiver dernier.
C1 noun /krəˈʃɛndoʊ/

crescendo

augmentation progressive du volume
Meaning
a gradual increase in loudness or intensity, especially in music
Example
The orchestra built to a powerful crescendo before the finale.
L'orchestre a construit un puissant crescendo avant la fin.
C1 noun ˈsɒl.vən.si

solvency

la possession d'actifs supérieurs aux passifs; capacité à rembourser les dettes
Meaning
The possession of assets in excess of liabilities; ability to pay debts.
Example
The company's solvency improved after restructuring.
La solvabilité de l'entreprise s'est améliorée après la restructuration.
C1 adverb /ˈwɪmzɪkli/

Whimsically

de manière capricieuse
Meaning
In a playful, fanciful, or capricious manner; with sudden changes of mind
Example
She decorated her room whimsically with colorful balloons.
Elle a décoré sa chambre de manière fantaisiste avec des ballons colorés.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈkɛmpt/

unkempt

désordonné
Meaning
Having an untidy or disheveled appearance.
Example
He looked unkempt after sleeping outdoors all night.
Il avait l'air désordonné après avoir dormi dehors toute la nuit.
C1 noun /ˈiːdɪkt/

edict

édit
Meaning
An official order, proclamation, or decree issued by an authority.
Example
The king issued an edict banning smoking in public places.
Le roi a émis un édit interdisant de fumer dans les lieux publics.
C1 noun /kwɔːrˈtɛt/

quartet

quatuor
Meaning
A group of four people playing music or singing together.
Example
The string quartet performed beautifully at the concert.
Le quatuor à cordes a magnifiquement joué au concert.
C1 verb /ˌaʊtˈduː/

outdo

surpasser
Meaning
To do better than someone else; to surpass.
Example
She always tries to outdo her classmates in exams.
Elle essaie toujours de surpasser ses camarades de classe lors des examens.
C1 verb/noun /stuːp/

stoop

bonheur
Meaning
To bend one's body forward and downward; also a small porch or staircase at the entrance of a house
Example
He had to stoop to pick up the coin.
Elle n'a pas pu cacher son bonheur lorsqu'elle a reçu le prix.
C1 noun ˈfɜːr.vɚ

fervor

passion ou enthousiasme
Meaning
Strong passion or enthusiasm for something.
Example
He spoke with great fervor about his vision for the company.
Il a parlé avec beaucoup de ferveur de sa vision pour l'entreprise.
C1 noun /ʌnkənˈsɜːrn/

Unconcern

désintérêt
Meaning
lack of worry or interest; indifference
Example
She showed complete unconcern about the criticism.
Elle a montré un total désintérêt face à la critique.
C1 noun /bɑːm/

balm

baume
Meaning
A soothing ointment or something that provides comfort or relief.
Example
The balm helped relieve the pain from her sunburn.
Le baume a aidé à soulager la douleur de son coup de soleil.
C1 adjective /pəˈfʌŋk.tər.i/

perfunctory

superficiel
Meaning
done without much effort, interest, or thought
Example
He gave a perfunctory nod and walked away.
Il a donné un signe de tête superficiel et est parti.
C1 noun /ˈkwɔːrəm/

quorum

quorum
Meaning
The minimum number of members needed to conduct official business in a meeting.
Example
The board meeting was postponed because there was no quorum.
La réunion du conseil a été reportée car il n'y avait pas de quorum.
C1 verb/noun /ɡraʊl/

growl

grogner
Meaning
To make a low, guttural sound, often in anger (by animals or humans).
Example
The dog growled at the stranger.
Le chien a grogné à l'inconnu.
C1 noun /ˈstætʃər/

stature

stature, prestige
Meaning
A person's natural height or their reputation and importance.
Example
Her intellectual stature made her a respected figure in academia.
Sa stature intellectuelle a fait d'elle une figure respectée dans le monde académique.
C1 verb /ˈstrætɪfaɪ/

stratify

stratifier
Meaning
to arrange or divide into layers, classes, or categories
Example
The researchers plan to stratify the data based on age groups.
Les chercheurs prévoient de stratifier les données en fonction des groupes d'âge.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈfɔːltərɪŋ/

unfaltering

inébranlable
Meaning
Steady and resolute; not weakening or hesitating
Example
She continued with unfaltering determination.
Elle a continué avec une détermination inébranlable.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪˌraɪt/

playwright

dramaturge
Meaning
a person who writes plays
Example
Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of all time.
Shakespeare est considéré comme le plus grand dramaturge de tous les temps.
C1 noun /əˈsem.bli ˈseʃ.ən/

assembly session

séance d'assemblée
Meaning
A formal meeting where representatives gather to discuss and make decisions on important matters.
Example
The assembly session discussed global challenges.
La séance d'assemblée a discuté des défis mondiaux.
C1 noun /ˈledʒ.ər/

Ledger

grand livre
Meaning
a book or other collection of financial accounts of a particular type
Example
The accountant updated the company ledger daily.
Le comptable a mis à jour le grand livre de l'entreprise tous les jours.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛnʃuəl/

sensual

sensuel
Meaning
Relating to or involving gratification of the senses and physical pleasure.
Example
The painting had a sensual quality that captivated viewers.
La peinture avait une qualité sensuelle qui captivait les spectateurs.
C1 noun /ˈsɪlk.wɜːrm/

Silk-worm

ver à soie
Meaning
the caterpillar of a moth that produces silk fibers used to make silk fabric
Example
Silkworms feed on mulberry leaves to produce silk.
Les vers à soie se nourrissent de feuilles de mûrier pour produire de la soie.
C1 noun /moʊld/

Mould

moule / moisissure
Meaning
a hollow container used to give shape to molten material; fungus
Example
She poured chocolate into the mould to make candies.
Elle a versé du chocolat dans le moule pour fabriquer des bonbons.
C1 adjective /ˈnjuː.tri.ənt dɛns/

nutrient-dense

riche en nutriments
Meaning
Rich in nutrients and high nutritional value.
Example
Organic food is often more nutrient-dense than processed food.
Les aliments biologiques sont souvent plus riches en nutriments que les aliments transformés.
C1 noun /ˈhɛzɪtəns/

hesitance

hésitation
Meaning
The quality or state of being reluctant or uncertain.
Example
Her hesitance to speak up delayed the decision.
Son hésitation à parler a retardé la décision.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈkɔːrdənt/

discordant

discordant
Meaning
disagreeing or clashing; harsh and jarring in sound
Example
The discordant notes of the band hurt our ears.
Les notes discordantes du groupe ont blessé nos oreilles.
C1 noun /ˈtriːzən/

Treason

trahison
Meaning
the crime of betraying one's country, especially by attempting to kill or overthrow the sovereign or government
Example
He was accused of treason against the state.
Il a été accusé de trahison contre l'état.
C1 verb /daʊs/

douse

éteindre / verser
Meaning
to pour liquid over; to extinguish a fire or light
Example
Firefighters doused the flames with water.
Les pompiers ont éteint les flammes avec de l'eau.
C1 adjective /ˈsnɒbɪʃ/

snobbish

prétentieux
Meaning
having or showing the attitude of people who think they are better than others
Example
She seemed snobbish because she avoided talking to the waiters.
Elle semblait prétentieuse parce qu'elle a évité de parler aux serveurs.
C1 noun /ˈdaʊri/

dowry

dot
Meaning
Property or money brought by a bride to her husband at marriage.
Example
The dowry tradition is still followed in some cultures.
La tradition du dot est encore suivie dans certaines cultures.
C1 adjective ɪn ˈfleɪ.ʃə.ner.i

inflationary

inflationniste
Meaning
Characterized by or tending to cause monetary inflation; relating to rising prices.
Example
The government took measures to control inflationary pressures.
Le gouvernement a pris des mesures pour contrôler les pressions inflationnistes.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

véritable
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
La maison était un véritable palais comparé à la nôtre.
C1 adjective ˈkrɪp.tɪk

cryptic

cryptique, énigmatique, obscure
Meaning
Having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure; difficult to understand.
Example
The message was cryptic and hard to decipher.
Le message était cryptique et difficile à déchiffrer.
C1 noun ˈprɛvələns

prevalence

prévalence
Meaning
The fact or condition of being widespread; the extent to which something exists or occurs
Example
The prevalence of aging issues requires immediate attention.
La prévalence des problèmes liés au vieillissement nécessite une attention immédiate.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/

plagiarism

plagiat
Meaning
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own
Example
The student was expelled for committing plagiarism in his essay.
L'étudiant a été expulsé pour avoir commis du plagiat dans son essai.
C1 adjective /ˈlɔː.fəl/

Lawful

légal; légitime; valide; juste;
Meaning
legal; legitimate; valid; just
Example
The judge confirmed that their actions were lawful and proper.
Le juge a confirmé que leurs actions étaient légales et appropriées.
C1 adjective /maɪˈkroʊ.bi.əl/

microbial

microbien
Meaning
Related to bacteria, fungi, and other microscopic organisms.
Example
Microbial activity in the soil improves fertility.
L'activité microbienne dans le sol améliore la fertilité.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdɪɡ.nə.ti/

Indignity

indignité; humiliation; déshonneur;
Meaning
treatment or circumstances that cause one to feel shame or loss of dignity; humiliation
Example
She refused to suffer the indignity of being searched without proper cause.
Elle a refusé de subir l'indignité d'être fouillée sans raison valable.
C1 adverb /ˌhɛdˈfɜrst/

headfirst

tête en avant
Meaning
With the head leading; in a reckless or hasty manner.
Example
He dived headfirst into the pool.
Il s'est jeté tête la première dans la piscine.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈkæst/

recast

recast
Meaning
To present or change something in a different form or style.
Example
The director decided to recast the role with a younger actor.
Le réalisateur a décidé de recaster le rôle avec un acteur plus jeune.
C1 noun /ˌfæb.rɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

fabrication

invention fausse
Meaning
The invention of false or misleading information; a lie or falsehood.
Example
The article was full of fabrication and misleading claims.
L'article était plein d'inventions fausses et de réclamations trompeuses.
C1 noun /stents/

stents

stents
Meaning
Small mesh tubes used to treat narrow or blocked arteries.
Example
Stents were successfully placed using robotic techniques.
Les stents ont été placés avec succès en utilisant des techniques robotiques.
C1 verb /kəmˈprɛs/

compress

compresser
Meaning
to press or squeeze something so that it becomes smaller
Example
The file was compressed to save storage space.
Le fichier a été compressé pour économiser de l'espace de stockage.
C1 noun /traɪˈbjuːnəl/

tribunal

tribunal
Meaning
a court of justice or body established to settle disputes
Example
The case was heard in an international tribunal.
L'affaire a été entendue dans un tribunal international.
C1 noun /ˈhɪpnətɪzəm/

hypnotism

hypnotisme
Meaning
The practice or act of inducing hypnosis.
Example
He studied hypnotism as part of his psychology degree.
Il a étudié l'hypnotisme dans le cadre de son diplôme en psychologie.
C1 adjective /dɪsˈpæʃənət/

dispassionate

impartial
Meaning
not influenced by strong emotion; impartial
Example
The judge remained dispassionate throughout the trial.
Le juge est resté impartial pendant tout le procès.
C1 noun /səˈrɛn.ɪ.ti/

serenity

sérénité
Meaning
The state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled.
Example
Meditation helps in achieving inner serenity.
La méditation aide à atteindre la sérénité intérieure.
C1 adverb /ˈpiːs.miːl/

Piecemeal

par morceaux; en petits morceaux
Meaning
done or made gradually, one piece at a time; fragmentary; unsystematic
Example
The renovation was done piecemeal over several years due to budget constraints.
La rénovation a été faite petit à petit sur plusieurs années en raison des contraintes budgétaires.