vow
All a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
All CEFR A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2
Content locale
EN English BN Bengali HI Hindi ES Español FR Francés DE Alemán RU Ruso ZH Chino JA Japonés
All Vocabulary Cards All Vocabularies
B2 verb /vaʊ/

vow

hacer un voto
Meaning
to make a serious promise; to pledge solemnly
Example
They vowed to love each other forever.
Ellos hicieron un voto de amarse por siempre.
C2 noun /troʊθ/

troth

promesa, fidelidad
Meaning
Faith or loyalty when pledged in a solemn agreement or vow, especially in marriage.
Example
He pledged his troth to her before the gathering.
Él le prometió su troth antes de la reunión.
C2 adjective /ˈhaɪndmoʊst/

hindmost

más trasero
Meaning
Farthest back; last in position.
Example
The hindmost car in the convoy broke down first.
El coche más trasero en el convoy se rompió primero.
C2 verb /əˈbreɪd/

abrade

desgastar por fricción
Meaning
to scrape or wear away the surface by friction or erosion
Example
The rough cloth can easily abrade the skin.
La tela rugosa puede fácilmente desgastar la piel.
C1 adverb /ˈnɔːθwədz/

Northwards

hacia el norte
Meaning
towards the north; in a northerly direction
Example
The birds migrate northwards in spring.
Los pájaros migran hacia el norte en primavera.
C1 noun /stɛntʃ/

stench

hedor
Meaning
A very strong and unpleasant smell.
Example
The stench of garbage filled the alley.
El hedor de la basura llenó el callejón.
C2 noun /ˈæsɪˌteɪt/

acetate

acetato
Meaning
a salt or ester of acetic acid; a synthetic material used in textiles and film
Example
The company produces acetate fibers for clothing.
La empresa produce fibras de acetato para ropa.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuː.trɪ.tɪv/

nutritive

nutritivo
Meaning
Relating to nutrition; having nourishing qualities.
Example
The nutritive value of the fruit is very high.
El valor nutritivo de la fruta es muy alto.
C1 verb /kənˈdʒɛst/

congest

congestionar
Meaning
To block or overcrowd a space, making movement or flow difficult.
Example
Heavy traffic can congest the city streets during rush hour.
El tráfico pesado puede congestionarse las calles de la ciudad durante la hora punta.
B1 noun /ˈpɑr.səl/

Parcel

paquete; paquete de tierra
Meaning
an object or collection of objects wrapped in paper for carrying or sending by mail; a piece of land
Example
The postman delivered a parcel to our door.
El cartero entregó un paquete en nuestra puerta.
B2 adverb /ˈsoʊʃəli/

socially

socialmente
Meaning
in a way that relates to society or social interaction
Example
He is very active socially and attends many events.
Él es muy activo socialmente y asiste a muchos eventos.
C1 noun /ˌɡræt.ɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/

gratification

satisfacción
Meaning
Pleasure, especially when gained from the satisfaction of a desire.
Example
The instant gratification of social media affects patience.
La gratificación instantánea de las redes sociales afecta la paciencia.
C1 noun /kənˈtɛnʃən/

contention

contienda, desacuerdo
Meaning
heated disagreement or argument; a point asserted in debate
Example
The main contention between the two parties was over tax reform.
La principal contienda entre las dos partes fue sobre la reforma fiscal.
C2 adjective /ˈnjuːmɪnəs/

numinous

numinoso
Meaning
having a strong spiritual or mysterious quality
Example
The temple had a numinous atmosphere that inspired awe.
El templo tenía una atmósfera numinosa que inspiraba asombro.
C1 verb /ˈveɪpəraɪz/

vaporize

vaporizar
Meaning
to turn into vapor or gas
Example
The heat of the sun can vaporize water from the surface.
El calor del sol puede vaporizar el agua de la superficie.
C1 verb /əˈluːd/

allude

aludir
Meaning
To refer to something indirectly or casually.
Example
The professor alluded to Shakespeare during the lecture.
El profesor aludió a Shakespeare durante la conferencia.
A2 verb /prɪˈpɛər/

prepare

preparar
Meaning
to make ready; to get something ready for use
Example
She needs to prepare dinner for her family.
Ella necesita preparar la cena para su familia.
C2 adjective /sɪˈlæbɪk/

syllabic

silábico
Meaning
Relating to or based on syllables.
Example
The teacher explained the syllabic structure of the word.
El maestro explicó la estructura silábica de la palabra.
A2 noun /roʊl/

role

papel
Meaning
a part or function of something
Example
Her role in the project was crucial.
Su rol en el proyecto fue crucial.
C1 noun ˈstræt.ə.sfɪər

stratosphere

estratósfera
Meaning
The layer of the earth's atmosphere above the troposphere, extending to about 50 km above the earth's surface.
Example
The stratosphere provides a unique environment.
La estratósfera proporciona un entorno único.
A1 noun /mʌnθ/

month

mes
Meaning
a period of about four weeks or one-twelfth of a year
Example
She visits her grandparents once a month.
Ella visita a sus abuelos una vez al mes.
B1 adjective /ˈsɛpəreɪtɪd/

separated

separado
Meaning
divided or disconnected from something else; not together
Example
They have been living in separated houses since the divorce.
Han estado viviendo en casas separadas desde el divorcio.
A1 noun /ˈtʃɪk.ən/

Chicken

pollo
Meaning
a domestic fowl kept for its eggs or meat; the meat of this bird used as food
Example
The chicken laid fresh eggs every morning.
El pollo puso huevos frescos todas las mañanas.
C2 noun /ɪnˈvɛktɪv/

invective

lenguaje insultante
Meaning
Insulting, abusive, or highly critical language.
Example
The politician’s speech was filled with invective against his opponents.
El discurso del político estaba lleno de invectivas contra sus oponentes.
C2 noun /ɛˌspriː də ˈkɔːr/

esprit de corps

sentimiento de grupo
Meaning
A feeling of pride, fellowship, and loyalty shared by members of a group.
Example
The team's esprit de corps was evident in their cooperative effort.
El sentimiento de grupo del equipo era evidente en su esfuerzo cooperativo.
C1 adjective /kɜːrt/

curt

ríspido
Meaning
Rudely brief in speech or manner.
Example
His curt reply made everyone uncomfortable.
Su respuesta ríspida hizo que todos se sintieran incómodos.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnədˈvaɪzəbl/

inadvisable

desaconsejable
Meaning
Not recommended; likely to have undesirable consequences.
Example
It is inadvisable to drive in such heavy rain.
No es recomendable conducir bajo tal lluvia intensa.
B2 noun /ˈɪnfənt/

infant

bebé
Meaning
A very young child or baby.
Example
The infant was sleeping peacefully in the cradle.
El bebé estaba durmiendo tranquilamente en la cuna.
C1 adjective /taɪˈtænɪk/

titanic

titanico
Meaning
Of exceptional strength, size, or power.
Example
The company made titanic efforts to expand into new markets.
La compañía hizo esfuerzos titánicos para expandirse a nuevos mercados.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɔːrmɪti/

enormity

enormidad
Meaning
The extreme scale, seriousness, or extent of something perceived as bad or morally wrong.
Example
The enormity of the crime shocked the entire community.
La enormidad del crimen sorprendió a toda la comunidad.
C1 noun /ˈtɜːrbjələns/

turbulence

turbulencia
Meaning
Violent or unsteady movement of air, water, or some other fluid; disorder or conflict.
Example
The plane experienced severe turbulence during the flight.
El avión experimentó una turbulencia severa durante el vuelo.
C2 noun /ʃiːt fɪʃ/

Sheat-fish

siluro
Meaning
A large freshwater catfish with a broad flat head and long barbels
Example
The sheat-fish is one of the largest freshwater fish in South Asia.
El siluro es uno de los peces de agua dulce más grandes del sur de Asia.
C1 adjective /tɔːt/

taut

tenso
Meaning
stretched or pulled tight; tense
Example
The rope was pulled taut between the two poles.
La cuerda estaba tensa entre los dos postes.
C2 adjective /prɪˈhɛnsaɪl/

prehensile

prensil
Meaning
adapted for seizing or grasping, especially by wrapping around an object
Example
The monkey used its prehensile tail to hang from the branch.
El mono usó su cola prensil para colgarse de la rama.
B2 adjective /ˈplen.tɪ.fəl/

Plentiful

abundante; en gran cantidad
Meaning
abundant; existing in large quantity
Example
The harvest was plentiful this year due to good weather.
La cosecha fue abundante este año debido al buen clima.
A2 noun /ˈbraʊzər/

browser

navegador
Meaning
a software application for accessing information on the World Wide Web.
Example
I use a web browser to search for information online.
Uso un navegador web para buscar información en línea.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

verdadero
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
La casa era un verdadero palacio comparado con la nuestra.
C2 adjective /ˌen.zɪˈmæt.ɪk/

enzymatic

relacionado con enzimas
Meaning
Relating to or involving enzymes, which are proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions in living organisms.
Example
Enzymatic reactions regulate metabolism in the human body.
Las reacciones enzimáticas regulan el metabolismo en el cuerpo humano.
B2 noun /slæŋ/

Slang

jerga; lenguaje informal
Meaning
very informal language that is usually spoken rather than written
Example
The teenagers used slang that their parents couldn't understand.
Los adolescentes usaron jerga que sus padres no pudieron entender.
B2 noun /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/

Animation

animación
Meaning
the technique of making inanimate objects appear to move; liveliness and enthusiasm
Example
The animation in this movie is incredibly detailed.
La animación en esta película es increíblemente detallada.
C1 noun /ˈpɜːʃən/

Persian

persona nacida en Irán o que habla persa
Meaning
a native or inhabitant of Iran; the language spoken in Iran (Farsi)
Example
The Persian language has a rich literary history.
El idioma persa tiene una rica historia literaria.
C2 adjective /rɪˈkʌmbənt/

recumbent

reclinado
Meaning
lying down or in a resting position
Example
He was found recumbent on the sofa after a long day.
Él fue encontrado recostado en el sofá después de un largo día.
C1 noun əˈɡrɛriən səˈsaɪətiz

agrarian societies

sociedades agrarias
Meaning
Societies based on agriculture and farming as the primary economic activity.
Example
Agrarian societies emerged from a need for stable food sources.
Las sociedades agrarias surgieron por la necesidad de fuentes estables de alimentos.
C2 noun /ˈæl.mɪ.rə/

Almirah

armario
Meaning
a large cupboard or wardrobe used for storing clothes and other items
Example
I keep all my clothes in the wooden almirah.
Guardo toda mi ropa en el armario de madera.
C1 verb /ˈɪnkjʊˌbeɪt/

incubate

incubar
Meaning
to keep eggs, cells, or organisms at the right conditions for development
Example
The hen will incubate the eggs until they hatch.
La gallina incubará los huevos hasta que eclosionen.
A2 noun /ɪˈkwɪpmənt/

equipment

equipo
Meaning
the necessary tools, machines, or other items needed for a particular purpose
Example
The laboratory bought new equipment for research.
El laboratorio compró nuevos equipos para la investigación.
C1 noun /ˈwiː.vər/

Weaver

tejedor
Meaning
a person who makes cloth by interlacing threads on a loom
Example
The skilled weaver created intricate patterns on the silk fabric.
El hábil tejedor creó patrones intrincados en la tela de seda.
C2 adjective rɪˈtɛn.tɪv

retentive

retentivo
Meaning
Having strong memory or the ability to retain information for a long time.
Example
Students with a retentive memory excel in academics.
Los estudiantes con una memoria retentiva sobresalen en los estudios.
C2 adverb /hərˈmɛtɪkli/

hermetically

de manera hermética
Meaning
In a way that is completely airtight or sealed off.
Example
The jars were hermetically sealed to preserve freshness.
Los tarros fueron sellados herméticamente para preservar la frescura.
C1 noun /kɔːr/

corps

rama del ejército, grupo
Meaning
a branch of the military or a group organized for a specific purpose
Example
He joined the army corps after graduation.
Se unió al cuerpo del ejército después de graduarse.
B2 noun /ˌdiː.haɪˈdreɪʃən/

dehydration

deshidratación
Meaning
A condition in which the body or tissue lacks adequate water content.
Example
Dehydration can lead to fatigue and confusion.
La deshidratación puede causar fatiga y confusión.
C2 verb /ˌɪmpɔːrˈtuːnd/

importuned

insistir persistentemente
Meaning
asked someone persistently and pressingly for something
Example
She importuned her boss for a raise until he finally gave in.
Ella insistió persistentemente a su jefe por un aumento hasta que finalmente accedió.
B2 verb /ˈreɡjəleɪt/

regulate

regular
Meaning
to control or maintain according to rules or laws
Example
The government regulates food safety.
El gobierno regula la seguridad alimentaria.
C1 adjective /ˈhɪd.i.əs/

Hideous

horrible; espantoso; grotesco
Meaning
extremely ugly or unpleasant; causing shock or disgust
Example
The monster in the movie had a hideous appearance.
El monstruo en la película tenía una apariencia espantosa.
C2 noun /vɪm/

vim

vigor
Meaning
energy and enthusiasm
Example
She performed the dance with great vim and vigor.
Ella realizó la danza con gran vigor y energía.
C2 adjective /əˈrækjələr/

oracular

oracular
Meaning
Resembling an oracle; giving wise, mysterious, or prophetic statements
Example
Her oracular words left the audience deep in thought.
Sus palabras oraculares dejaron a la audiencia profundamente pensativa.
C2 noun /ˌpɜː.spɪˈkæs.ɪ.ti/

perspicacity

perspicacia
Meaning
Sharp insight, keen understanding and discernment.
Example
Her perspicacity in business decisions led to success.
Su perspicacia en decisiones de negocio la llevó al éxito.
B1 verb অকার্স

occurs

sucede
Meaning
Happens or takes place, especially as a result of something.
Example
Snowfall occurs in regions with freezing temperatures.
La nieve ocurre en regiones con temperaturas bajo cero.
B1 noun tɪk mɑːrk

tick mark

marca de verificación
Meaning
A mark (✓) used to indicate that something is correct or has been chosen, checked, or dealt with.
Example
I put a tick mark on all the completed tasks.
Puse una marca de verificación en todas las tareas completadas.
C2 adjective /baɪˈkæmərəl/

bicameral

bicameral
Meaning
Having two branches or chambers, especially in a legislature.
Example
The United States has a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
Los Estados Unidos tienen una legislatura bicameral compuesta por el Senado y la Cámara de Representantes.
B2 verb /rɪˈvoʊlt/

revolt

rebelarse
Meaning
to rebel against authority; to feel disgust
Example
The people revolted against the corrupt government.
La gente se rebeló contra el gobierno corrupto.
A1 noun /ˈmʌn.deɪ/

monday

lunes
Meaning
the first day of the working week following Sunday
Example
I start my new job on Monday.
Empiezo mi nuevo trabajo el lunes.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈtɒl.ər.ə.bəl/

Intolerable

intolerable
Meaning
unable to be endured; extremely unpleasant or painful
Example
The noise from the construction site was intolerable.
El ruido de la obra de construcción era intolerable.
C2 noun /ˈstiː.vəˌdɔːr/

stevedore

estibador
Meaning
A person employed to load and unload cargo from ships.
Example
The stevedores worked tirelessly to unload the cargo before dawn.
Los estibadores trabajaron incansablemente para descargar la carga antes del amanecer.
C1 adjective ʌnˈpær.ə.leld

Unparalleled

incomparable
Meaning
Having no equal; unmatched, peerless, and supreme in quality or achievement.
Example
The unparalleled beauty of the Taj Mahal amazes visitors.
La belleza incomparable del Taj Mahal asombra a los visitantes.
B2 adjective /ˈɪrɪteɪtɪd/

irritated

irritado
Meaning
feeling annoyed or impatient; having inflamed or sore physical condition
Example
She felt irritated by the constant noise outside her window.
Se sintió irritada por el ruido constante afuera de su ventana.
A2 abbreviation /ɛtˈsɛtərə/

etc

etcétera
Meaning
Used to indicate additional, similar items in a list that are not mentioned.
Example
The shop sells fruits, vegetables, dairy, etc.
La tienda vende frutas, verduras, lácteos, etcétera.
C2 noun /rʌmp/

Rump

trasero; nalgas; parte baja de la espalda
Meaning
the hindquarters or buttocks; the lower back area
Example
The horse injured its rump during the fall.
El caballo se lastimó el trasero durante la caída.
C1 noun /ˈdek.ə.dəns/

decadence

decadencia
Meaning
Moral or cultural decline characterized by excessive indulgence in pleasure or luxury.
Example
The novel describes the decadence of the wealthy elite.
La novela describe la decadencia de la élite adinerada.
C2 noun /ˌdiːnəʊˈteɪʃən/

denotation

denotación
Meaning
The literal or primary meaning of a word, in contrast to the feelings or ideas that the word suggests.
Example
The denotation of the word 'rose' is a type of flower.
La denotación de la palabra 'rosa' es un tipo de flor.
C1 noun /rentʃ/

Wrench

llave inglesa
Meaning
a tool used for gripping and turning nuts, bolts, or pipes
Example
He used a wrench to tighten the bolt.
Usó una llave inglesa para apretar el perno.
B2 noun/verb /ˈtʃɑːrtər/

charter

chárter / alquilar
Meaning
a written document granting rights or privileges; to hire a vehicle or vessel for temporary use
Example
The company decided to charter a bus for the trip.
La empresa decidió charterizar un autobús para el viaje.
A2 noun /dʒiˈɒɡrəfi/

geography

geografía
Meaning
the study of the Earth’s physical features, climates, populations, and the relationships between people and their environments
Example
She studies geography to understand how landscapes and human societies interact.
Ella estudia geografía para comprender el mundo.
A2 verb /ɪkˈspleɪn/

explain

explicar
Meaning
to make something clear or easy to understand by describing it in more detail
Example
The teacher explained the difficult concept to the students.
El maestro explicó el concepto difícil a los estudiantes.
B2 verb kəˈlæbəreɪt

collaborate

colaborar
Meaning
To work jointly with others, especially in an intellectual endeavor; cooperate.
Example
Volunteers often collaborate with local organizations.
Los voluntarios a menudo colaboran con organizaciones locales.
C2 adjective /ˌɪndɪˈvɜːrtɪbəl/

indivertible

no desviable
Meaning
Not able to be turned aside or diverted.
Example
The judge's indivertible attention was on the case.
La atención del juez no podía desviarse del caso.
C2 verb /ˈmæk.jʊˌleɪt/

maculate

manchar
Meaning
To stain, spot, or pollute something.
Example
The white cloth was maculated by ink stains.
La tela blanca fue manchada por manchas de tinta.
C1 verb /kwɑːʃ/

quash

anular
Meaning
To reject or void something legally or to put an end to something forcefully.
Example
The court quashed the decision due to lack of evidence.
El tribunal anuló la decisión debido a la falta de pruebas.
C1 adjective /ˈsɛn.sər.i/

sensory

sensorial
Meaning
Related to the five human senses (sight, hearing, taste, touch, smell).
Example
Sensory feedback enhances the VR experience.
La retroalimentación sensorial mejora la experiencia de VR.
C2 noun /ɪnˈkʌmbrəns/

encumbrance

carga / obstáculo
Meaning
a burden or obstacle that makes progress or movement difficult
Example
Debt can become a serious encumbrance in life.
La deuda puede convertirse en una carga seria en la vida.
C1 noun /wɪm/

whim

capricho
Meaning
a sudden or unpredictable idea, desire, or decision
Example
She bought the dress on a whim.
Ella compró el vestido por capricho.
A2 adjective /ʃaɪ/

Shy

tímido; vergonzoso
Meaning
nervous or timid in the company of other people
Example
The shy student rarely spoke up in class discussions.
El estudiante tímido rara vez participaba en las discusiones de clase.
C2 adjective /ˈwɪnsəm/

winsome

atractivo
Meaning
pleasant and attractive in a fresh, innocent, or charming way
Example
Her winsome smile instantly put the nervous guests at ease.
Su sonrisa atractiva instantáneamente calmó a los invitados nerviosos.
A2 verb /ˈstɑːtɪŋ/

starting

comenzar
Meaning
beginning to do or experience something
Example
She is starting a new job next week.
Ella está comenzando un nuevo trabajo la próxima semana.
B1 noun /ˌrɛp.jʊˈteɪ.ʃən/

reputation

reputación, fama
Meaning
The opinion generally held about someone or something; fame or prestige.
Example
A good reputation is essential for business success.
Una buena reputación es esencial para el éxito empresarial.
C1 verb /lʌl/

lull

adormecer
Meaning
to soothe or calm; to cause to sleep or rest
Example
The gentle music lulled the baby to sleep.
La música suave hizo dormir al bebé.
C1 adjective /əˈɡæst/

aghast

estupefacto
Meaning
filled with shock or horror
Example
The audience was aghast at the tragic scene.
La audiencia estaba estupefacta ante la escena trágica.
C1 adjective /ˈʃɑːdi/

shoddy

de mala calidad
Meaning
badly made or done; of poor quality
Example
The contractor did a shoddy job on the repairs.
El contratista hizo un trabajo de mala calidad en las reparaciones.
B2 noun /ˌek.əˈnɒm.ɪk səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/

economic sustainability

sostenibilidad económica
Meaning
The ability of an economy to support a defined level of economic production indefinitely.
Example
Economic sustainability drives long-term growth.
La sostenibilidad económica impulsa el crecimiento a largo plazo.
A2 noun /ˈʌndərwɛr/

Under wear

ropa interior
Meaning
clothing worn under other clothes, next to the skin
Example
She bought new underwear from the department store.
Ella compró nuevo ropa interior en la tienda departamental.
B2 adjective /ˈfruːt.fəl/

Fruitful

fructífero; beneficioso; exitoso;
Meaning
productive; beneficial; successful;
Example
Our discussion was very fruitful and led to many new ideas.
Nuestra discusión fue muy fructífera y condujo a muchas ideas nuevas.
C1 noun /ˈɔːnɪŋ/

awning

toldo
Meaning
a sheet of canvas or material stretched on a frame to shelter a place from the sun or rain
Example
We sat under the awning to avoid the heavy rain.
Nos sentamos debajo del toldo para evitar la lluvia intensa.
C2 noun /ˈlʊŋ.gi/

Lungi

lungi
Meaning
a traditional garment worn around the waist in South Asia
Example
He wore a comfortable lungi while relaxing at home.
Llevaba un cómodo lungi mientras descansaba en casa.
B2 noun /ˈmænʃən/

mansion

felicidad
Meaning
a large, impressive house
Example
The billionaire lives in a luxurious mansion overlooking the ocean.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 verb /ˈkwɪkən/

quicken

acelerar
Meaning
to make or become faster; to accelerate
Example
His pulse began to quicken as he approached the finish line.
Su pulso empezó a acelerarse a medida que se acercaba a la meta.
C2 adjective /vəˈreɪʃəs/

veracious

veraz
Meaning
Truthful, honest; habitually speaking the truth.
Example
She gave a veracious account of what happened that day.
Ella dio un relato veraz de lo que sucedió ese día.
B2 noun, verb /bluːm/

bloom

florecer
Meaning
to produce flowers; to develop or flourish; a flower or the state of flowering
Example
The roses bloom beautifully every spring.
Las rosas florecen bellamente cada primavera.
B1 verb /ˈθretən/

threaten

amenazar
Meaning
to express an intention to harm or punish someone; to be likely to cause harm
Example
The storm clouds threaten to bring heavy rain tonight.
Las nubes de tormenta amenazan con traer lluvias fuertes esta noche.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈtɜːrmɪnəl/

terminal

terminal, final, enfermedad terminal
Meaning
As a noun: A place where transport routes begin or end. As an adjective: Relating to the end or final stage of something, often an illness.
Example
He waited for the bus at the central terminal.
Él esperó el autobús en la terminal central.
C1 noun ɪnˈsɛpʃən

inception

inicio
Meaning
The establishment or starting point of an institution or activity.
Example
The inception of the company marked a new era in the industry.
La incepción de la empresa marcó una nueva era en la industria.
C1 adjective /ɪˈmoʊbəl/

immobile

inmóvil
Meaning
unable to move or be moved
Example
After the accident, he was immobile for weeks.
Después del accidente, estuvo inmóvil durante semanas.
B1 noun /ˈempaɪər/

empire

imperio
Meaning
a group of countries or regions controlled by one ruler or government
Example
The Roman Empire lasted for centuries.
El Imperio Romano duró siglos.
B2 noun /stɑːr fɪʃ/

Star fish

estrella de mar
Meaning
a marine echinoderm with five or more radiating arms, typically found on the sea floor
Example
The starfish slowly moved across the ocean floor searching for food.
La estrella de mar se movía lentamente por el fondo del océano buscando comida.
C2 noun /seɪn/

seine

gran red
Meaning
A large fishing net that hangs vertically in the water.
Example
The fishermen cast their seine into the river.
Los pescadores echaron su gran red en el río.
C2 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈdjuːsəbl/

irreducible

irreducible
Meaning
impossible to reduce or simplify further
Example
The fraction 3/7 is irreducible.
La fracción 3/7 es irreducible.
C2 noun /bleɪn/

Blain

ampolla
Meaning
an inflammatory swelling or sore on the skin; a blister or pustule
Example
The doctor examined the blain on his arm.
El médico examinó la ampolla en su brazo.
C2 noun /ˌɛksɪˈkreɪʃən/

execration

maldición
Meaning
An act of cursing or denouncing someone or something with hatred.
Example
The dictator’s name was spoken with execration after his fall.
El nombre del dictador fue pronunciado con maldición después de su caída.
C1 noun /ˈpiː.hən/

Peahen

pava real hembra
Meaning
female peacock
Example
The peahen is less colorful than the male peacock.
La pava real hembra es menos colorida que el pavo real macho.
B2 noun /əˈdʒʌstmənt/

adjustment

ajuste
Meaning
a small change made to improve something or make it work better
Example
The doctor made an adjustment to the patient’s medication.
El doctor hizo un ajuste en la medicación del paciente.
C1 noun ˈpɑː.sɪŋ

parsing

análisis de la estructura de la oración
Meaning
The process of analyzing sentence structure to understand grammatical relationships.
Example
The AI model performs parsing to understand syntax.
El modelo de IA realiza el análisis de oraciones para entender la sintaxis.
C2 noun /ˈæbɪs/

abbess

abadesa (mujer al cargo de un convento)
Meaning
the woman in charge of a convent of nuns
Example
The abbess welcomed the visitors to the convent.
La abadesa dio la bienvenida a los visitantes al convento.
B2 adjective /ˈkwɑːn.tɪ.teɪ.tɪv/

Quantitative

cuantitativo
Meaning
relating to quantity or amount; expressed in terms of numbers or measurements
Example
The study provides quantitative evidence of climate change effects.
El estudio proporciona evidencia cuantitativa de los efectos del cambio climático.
B2 adjective /lʌɡˈʒʊəriəs/

luxurious

lujoso
Meaning
extremely comfortable, elegant, or enjoyable, often involving great expense
Example
They stayed in a luxurious hotel during their vacation.
Se hospedaron en un hotel lujoso durante sus vacaciones.
B1 verb /ˈsʌfər/

suffer

sufrir
Meaning
to experience pain, distress, or hardship
Example
She suffered from a severe headache all day.
Ella sufrió de un fuerte dolor de cabeza todo el día.
C1 adjective /ˌhaɪəˈrɑː.kɪ.kəl/

hierarchical

jerárquico
Meaning
arranged in order of rank or authority
Example
The company has a strict hierarchical structure.
La empresa tiene una estructura jerárquica estricta.
B1 noun, verb /bʌz/

buzz

zumbido
Meaning
to make a low continuous humming sound; a feeling of excitement or interest
Example
I could hear the phone buzz during the meeting.
Pude oír el zumbido del teléfono durante la reunión.
C1 adjective /ˈpraɪ.məl/

primal

primitivo, esencial
Meaning
Relating to the earliest stage of development; essential or fundamental.
Example
Fear is one of the most primal emotions humans experience.
El miedo es una de las emociones más primarias que los humanos experimentan.
C2 noun /rɪˌkrɪmɪˈneɪʃən/

recrimination

contrademanda
Meaning
an accusation made in response to an accusation; mutual blaming
Example
The debate quickly descended into mutual recriminations.
El debate rápidamente descendió en recriminaciones mutuas.
B1 noun /ruːt/

route

ruta
Meaning
a way or course taken to get from one place to another
Example
The best route to the airport is through the highway.
La mejor ruta al aeropuerto es por la autopista.
B1 noun /ˈlɪsənər/

listener

oyente
Meaning
a person who listens or pays attention to something, especially to a speaker or sound.
Example
She is a good listener who always understands others' problems.
Ella es una buena oyente que siempre entiende los problemas de los demás.
C2 noun /ɪnˈdɛntʃər/

indenture

contrato de servidumbre
Meaning
A formal legal agreement, contract, or document, often relating to work or service.
Example
In the 18th century, many workers came under indenture to work overseas.
En el siglo XVIII, muchos trabajadores estuvieron bajo un contrato de servidumbre para trabajar en el extranjero.