vivacious
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C1 adjective /vɪˈveɪʃəs/

vivacious

vivaz
Meaning
Attractively lively and animated.
Example
She was admired for her vivacious personality.
Ella fue admirada por su personalidad vivaz.
C1 noun /viˈoʊlə/ or /ˈvaɪələ/

viola

viola
Meaning
A stringed instrument slightly larger than a violin, with a deeper and mellower tone.
Example
She chose to play the viola in the school orchestra.
Ella eligió tocar la viola en la orquesta escolar.
C2 noun /ˈvɛrɪti/

verity

veracidad
Meaning
a true principle or belief; the state of being true
Example
The verity of his statement was confirmed by evidence.
La veracidad de su declaración fue confirmada por evidencia.
B1 preposition /ˈvaɪə/ or /ˈviːə/

via

a través de
Meaning
through, by way of, or using a particular route or means
Example
She sent the documents via email.
Ella envió los documentos a través de correo electrónico.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.sə.taɪl/

versatile

versátil
Meaning
Able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many uses or applications.
Example
He is a versatile musician who can play multiple instruments.
Él es un músico versátil que puede tocar múltiples instrumentos.
B2 adjective /veɪn/

Vain

vanidoso; inútil
Meaning
having excessive pride in one's appearance; futile or unsuccessful
Example
She spent hours in front of the mirror being quite vain.
Ella pasó horas frente al espejo siendo bastante vanidosa.
B2 noun /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/

Validity

validez
Meaning
the quality of being legally or officially acceptable; the quality of being logically or factually sound
Example
The validity of the contract expires next month.
La validez del contrato expira el próximo mes.
C1 noun /vərˈnækjələr/

vernacular

lengua vernácula
Meaning
the language or dialect spoken by ordinary people in a particular region
Example
He gave his speech in the local vernacular so everyone could understand.
Él dio su discurso en la lengua vernácula local para que todos pudieran entender.
B2 noun /vɜːrs/

verse

verso
Meaning
A line of writing in poetry; a section of a song or poem.
Example
She wrote a beautiful verse for the wedding ceremony.
Ella escribió un hermoso verso para la ceremonia de la boda.
A2 noun /vɔɪs/

voice

voz
Meaning
the sound produced by the vocal cords; the ability to speak or express oneself
Example
She has a beautiful voice that captivates the audience.
Ella tiene una voz hermosa que cautiva a la audiencia.
C1 noun /ˈves.tɪdʒ/

Vestige

vestigio
Meaning
a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing or no longer exists
Example
No vestige of the ancient city remains.
No queda ningún vestigio de la antigua ciudad.
C1 noun /ˈvælər/

valor

valor
Meaning
Great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle.
Example
The soldier was honored for his valor during the war.
El soldado fue honrado por su valor durante la guerra.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛndɪbəl/

vendible

vendible
Meaning
Capable of being sold; marketable.
Example
Only vendible products were displayed at the trade fair.
Solo los productos vendibles fueron exhibidos en la feria comercial.
C1 adjective /vɜːrˈboʊs/

verbose

verborroso
Meaning
Using or expressed in more words than are needed; wordy.
Example
His verbose explanation confused the audience instead of clarifying the issue.
Su explicación verborrosa confundió a la audiencia en lugar de aclarar el problema.
C1 adjective /ˈvendʒ.fəl/

Vengeful

vengativo
Meaning
seeking to harm someone in return for a perceived injury; vindictive
Example
She felt vengeful after her friend betrayed her trust.
Ella se sintió vengativa después de que su amiga traicionó su confianza.
B2 verb/noun /vɛnt/

vent

ventilar / agujero por donde pasa aire o gas
Meaning
to release air, gas, or strong emotions; an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass
Example
She vented her frustration after the long meeting.
Ella desahogó su frustración después de la larga reunión.
A2 verb /voʊt/

vote

votar
Meaning
to make a choice in an election; to express preference
Example
Citizens vote to choose their representatives.
Los ciudadanos votan para elegir a sus representantes.
B1 noun /ˈvɪərər/

viewer

espectador
Meaning
a person who watches something, especially television or video content
Example
The viewer is able to switch channels with the remote control.
El espectador puede cambiar de canal con el control remoto.
B1 noun /ˈvɪk.tɪm/

Victim

víctima
Meaning
a person who suffers harm, injury, or death as a result of an event or action
Example
The victim was taken to the hospital immediately.
La víctima fue llevada al hospital inmediatamente.
B2 verb /ˈvaɪəleɪt/

violate

violar
Meaning
to break or go against a rule or law; to disrespect
Example
Parking here violates the city regulations.
Estacionar aquí viola las regulaciones de la ciudad.
C2 noun /ˈveɪɡəri/

vagary

cambio inesperado
Meaning
An unexpected and inexplicable change in a situation or someone's behavior.
Example
The vagaries of the weather made planning difficult.
Los caprichos del clima hicieron que la planificación fuera difícil.
B2 adjective /ˈvɒl.ən.tər.i/

Voluntary

voluntario
Meaning
done willingly without being forced; given or done freely
Example
She made a voluntary donation to the charity.
Ella hizo una donación voluntaria a la caridad.
B2 noun /ˈvɪɡ.ər/

Vigour

fuerza física y buena salud; esfuerzo, energía y entusiasmo
Meaning
physical strength and good health; effort, energy, and enthusiasm
Example
She approached her work with renewed vigour after the vacation.
Después de las vacaciones, abordó su trabajo con renovado vigor.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːr.tʃu.əs/

Virtuous

virtuoso; recto; moralmente excelente;
Meaning
having high moral standards; righteous; morally excellent
Example
She is known for her virtuous character and honest dealings.
Ella es conocida por su carácter virtuoso y sus tratos honestos.
B1 adjective /ˈvɛəriəs/

Various

varios; diferentes tipos de
Meaning
several different; many different types of
Example
She has lived in various countries around the world.
Ella ha vivido en varios países alrededor del mundo.
A2 noun /ˈvɒlibɔːl/

volleyball

voleibol
Meaning
a team sport in which players hit a ball over a high net using their hands
Example
She plays volleyball with her friends every weekend.
Ella juega voleibol con sus amigos cada fin de semana.
C2 noun /vɛnˈdɪʃən/

vendition

venta
Meaning
The act of selling; sale.
Example
The auction was a formal vendition of the estate's assets.
La subasta fue una venta formal de los activos de la propiedad.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

vitamina
Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
Las frutas y verduras son fuentes ricas en vitaminas.
C1 verb /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

vindicate

justificar
Meaning
To clear someone of blame or suspicion; to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
Example
The new evidence helped vindicate the wrongly accused man.
La nueva evidencia ayudó a justificar al hombre injustamente acusado.
C2 adjective /ˌvɛrɪˈsɪmɪlər/

verisimilar

parecido a la verdad
Meaning
appearing to be true or real
Example
The story seemed verisimilar though it was entirely fictional.
La historia parecía parecida a la verdad aunque era completamente ficticia.
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.tʃuː/

Virtue

virtud; moralidad; calidad útil
Meaning
behavior showing high moral standards; a good or useful quality of a thing
Example
Honesty is considered the highest virtue in many cultures.
La honestidad se considera la más alta virtud en muchas culturas.
C1 noun vaɪˈtæləti

vitality

vitalidad, energía
Meaning
The state of being strong and active; energy.
Example
The vitality of the team helped them succeed in the competition.
La vitalidad del equipo les ayudó a tener éxito en la competencia.
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.dɪkt/

verdict

veredicto
Meaning
a decision made by a jury or judge in a court case
Example
The jury returned a guilty verdict after three hours of deliberation.
El jurado dictó un veredicto de culpabilidad tras tres horas de deliberación.
C2 noun vəˈlɪʃən

volition

volición
Meaning
The faculty or power of using one's will; the power of choosing or determining.
Example
She left the job of her own volition.
Ella dejó el trabajo por su propia volición.
C2 noun /ˈvɛstmənt/

vestment

vestimenta religiosa
Meaning
a garment, especially a ceremonial or official robe worn during religious services
Example
The priest wore a golden vestment during the ceremony.
El sacerdote usó una vestimenta dorada durante la ceremonia.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪ.ə.ləns/

Violence

violencia; brutalidad; intensidad extrema
Meaning
behavior involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; extreme force or intensity
Example
The government condemned all forms of violence against civilians.
El gobierno condenó todas las formas de violencia contra los civiles.
C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

vivificar
Meaning
to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven
Example
The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.
El entusiasmo del profesor ayudó a vivificar la aburrida conferencia.
C2 verb /vɔːnt/

vaunt

presumir
Meaning
to boast or brag about something, especially in an excessive way
Example
He would often vaunt his achievements in front of his colleagues.
A menudo alardeaba de sus logros frente a sus colegas.
B2 verb /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/

visualize

visualizar
Meaning
To form a mental image of something; to imagine.
Example
She tried to visualize her success before the big presentation.
Ella intentó visualizar su éxito antes de la gran presentación.
C2 adjective /vəˈreɪʃəs/

veracious

veraz
Meaning
Truthful, honest; habitually speaking the truth.
Example
She gave a veracious account of what happened that day.
Ella dio un relato veraz de lo que sucedió ese día.
C2 verb /voʊˈsɪfəˌreɪt/

vociferate

vociferar
Meaning
to shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently
Example
The protesters vociferated against the unfair law.
Los manifestantes vociferaron contra la ley injusta.
C2 noun /vɜːrˈtuː/

virtu

gusto por el arte
Meaning
a love of or taste for fine art, antiques, or curiosities
Example
The collector’s house was filled with objects of virtu.
La casa del coleccionista estaba llena de objetos de virtu.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛdʒɪtəl/

vegetal

vegetal
Meaning
relating to or consisting of plants or vegetation
Example
The soup had a distinct vegetal flavor.
La sopa tenía un sabor vegetal distintivo.
B1 noun ˈvɪktəri

victory

victoria
Meaning
The act of defeating an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition.
Example
The victory of Bangladesh on December 16 is a moment of pride.
La victoria de Bangladesh el 16 de diciembre es un momento de orgullo.
C1 verb /veks/

vex

molestar
Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
El ruido constante de la construcción molesta a los residentes.
C2 noun /viːˈnæləti/

venality

venalidad
Meaning
the quality of being open to bribery or corruption
Example
The scandal revealed the venality of several senior officials.
El escándalo reveló la venalidad de varios funcionarios de alto rango.
C2 noun /ˈvæləns/

valance

volante decorativo
Meaning
A decorative drapery hung across the top of a window or bed.
Example
She chose a floral valance to match the curtains in her bedroom.
Ella eligió un volante floral para combinar con las cortinas de su dormitorio.
C2 verb /ˈvaʊtʃ.seɪf/

vouchsafe

conceder
Meaning
to grant or give something in a gracious or condescending manner
Example
He vouchsafed them a rare smile.
Él les concedió una rara sonrisa.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛnərəbəl/

Venerable

venerable; respetado
Meaning
deserving respect due to age, wisdom, or character; revered
Example
The venerable professor has taught at the university for fifty years.
El venerable profesor ha enseñado en la universidad durante cincuenta años.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛntrəl/

ventral

ventral
Meaning
relating to the underside or abdominal part of an animal or organ
Example
The fish has a white ventral surface.
El pez tiene una superficie ventral blanca.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪnəri/

vinery

bodega de vino
Meaning
A place where vines are cultivated, especially a vineyard or greenhouse for vines.
Example
The old vinery was filled with grapevines.
La vieja bodega de vino estaba llena de vides.
B2 noun /ˈveɪ.kən.si/

Vacancy

vacante; un espacio o puesto vacío
Meaning
an unoccupied position or job; an empty space or room
Example
There is a vacancy for a software engineer in our company.
Hay una vacante para un ingeniero de software en nuestra empresa.
B1 adjective /ˈvælɪd/

Valid

válido; aceptable legal o oficialmente
Meaning
legally or officially acceptable; having a sound basis in logic or fact
Example
The passport is valid for ten years.
El pasaporte es válido por diez años.
C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

perdonable; no gravemente malo; menor
Meaning
forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor
Example
His late arrival was considered a venial offense.
Su llegada tarde fue considerada una ofensa venial.
B2 noun /ˌvɛrɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

verification

verificación
Meaning
The process of establishing the truth, accuracy, or validity of something.
Example
The bank requires verification of identity before opening an account.
El banco requiere verificación de identidad antes de abrir una cuenta.
C2 noun /ˌvɛəriəˈɡeɪʃən/

variegation

variegación
Meaning
The appearance of differently colored zones in the leaves, flowers, or stems of plants.
Example
Variegation makes the foliage look more attractive.
La variegación hace que el follaje sea más atractivo.
C1 noun /ˈvæntɪdʒ/

vantage

posición ventajosa
Meaning
a position or situation that gives an advantage or a good view
Example
From this vantage, we could see the entire valley.
Desde esta posición, pudimos ver todo el valle.
B2 verb /ˈvaɪbreɪt/

vibrate

vibrar
Meaning
To move or cause to move continuously and rapidly back and forth.
Example
The phone began to vibrate on the table.
El teléfono comenzó a vibrar sobre la mesa.
C1 noun /voʊɡ/

vogue

moda
Meaning
the prevailing fashion, style, or trend at a particular time
Example
Minimalist design is currently in vogue.
El diseño minimalista está actualmente de moda.
B2 noun /veɪn/

Vein

vena; nervio
Meaning
a blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart; a streak or marking of a different color
Example
The nurse found a vein in his arm to draw blood.
La enfermera encontró una vena en su brazo para sacar sangre.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛlvəti/

velvety

felicidad
Meaning
having a smooth, soft texture like velvet
Example
She spoke in a low, velvety voice.
No podía ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 verb /ˈvɛdʒɪteɪt/

vegetate

vegetar
Meaning
to live in a dull, inactive, or unchallenging way, often with little physical or mental effort
Example
He spent his vacation vegetating on the couch in front of the TV.
Él pasó sus vacaciones vegetando en el sofá frente a la televisión.
C1 noun /vɪˈvæsɪti/

vivacity

vivacidad
Meaning
The quality of being lively, animated, and full of energy.
Example
The child’s vivacity brightened the entire room.
La vivacidad del niño iluminó toda la habitación.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.bəl/

verbal

verbal, expresado a través de palabras
Meaning
Relating to or in the form of words; spoken rather than written.
Example
Verbal communication is essential in most situations.
La comunicación verbal es esencial en la mayoría de las situaciones.
C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

bóveda segura / saltar
Meaning
A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.
Example
The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.
El banco guardaba sus lingotes de oro en una bóveda segura.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪʃ.əs/

Vicious

malévolo; cruel; salvaje
Meaning
deliberately cruel or violent; having a savage nature
Example
The vicious dog attacked anyone who came near its territory.
El perro maligno atacó a cualquiera que se acercara a su territorio.
B2 noun /ˈvel.vɪt/

Velvet

terciopelo
Meaning
a soft, luxurious fabric with a thick, short pile on one side
Example
The royal curtains were made of rich red velvet.
Las cortinas reales estaban hechas de rico terciopelo rojo.
B2 adjective /ˈvɛərid/

Varied

variado; diverso
Meaning
showing differences; diverse; containing different types
Example
The museum has a varied collection of ancient artifacts.
El museo tiene una colección variada de artefactos antiguos.
C2 noun /ˈvæsəl/

vassal

vasallo
Meaning
A person or country in a subordinate position to another, especially in feudal times under a lord.
Example
The king granted land to his vassal in return for loyalty and service.
El rey otorgó tierras a su vasallo a cambio de lealtad y servicio.
C1 noun /væt/

vat

gran recipiente
Meaning
A large container used for holding liquids such as dye or wine.
Example
The workers filled the vat with freshly pressed grape juice.
Los trabajadores llenaron el gran recipiente con jugo de uva recién exprimido.
C1 noun ˈvɜːmɪn

vermin

animales o insectos pequeños y dañinos que son difíciles de controlar y transmiten enfermedades
Meaning
Small harmful animals or insects that are difficult to control and carry disease.
Example
The house was infested with vermin, requiring immediate action.
La casa estaba infestada de verman, requiriendo acción inmediata.
C2 noun /ˈvoʊtəri/

votary

devoto
Meaning
A devoted follower or admirer of someone or something.
Example
He is a votary of classical music and attends every concert.
Él es un devoto de la música clásica y asiste a cada concierto.
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrdɪɡriːs/

verdigris

cobertura verde o azulada
Meaning
A green or bluish deposit that forms on copper, brass, or bronze surfaces due to oxidation.
Example
The old statue was covered in verdigris after years of exposure to the rain.
La vieja estatua estaba cubierta de verdigris después de años de exposición a la lluvia.
C2 noun /vəˈliːɪti/

velleity

deseo débil
Meaning
A wish or inclination not strong enough to lead to action.
Example
His interest in painting never grew beyond a mere velleity.
Su interés en la pintura nunca creció más allá de un mero deseo débil.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

verdadero
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
La casa era un verdadero palacio comparado con la nuestra.
B2 noun /ˈveɪ.pər/

Vapour

vapor
Meaning
a substance in the form of a gas, especially when it has changed from a liquid or solid state
Example
Water vapour rose from the hot pavement after the rain.
El vapor de agua subió del pavimento caliente después de la lluvia.
A2 verb /ˈvɪzɪtɪŋ/

visiting

visitar
Meaning
Going to see and spend time with someone or at a place.
Example
The group is visiting islands during the expedition.
El grupo está visitando islas durante la expedición.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪskəs/

viscous

viscoso
Meaning
Having a thick, sticky consistency between solid and liquid.
Example
Honey is a viscous liquid that flows slowly.
La miel es un líquido viscoso que fluye lentamente.
B2 adjective /vɪkˈtɔː.ri.əs/

Victorious

victorioso
Meaning
having won a victory; successful in a struggle or contest
Example
The victorious team celebrated their championship win with great joy.
El equipo victorioso celebró su victoria del campeonato con gran alegría.
C2 adjective /ˈveɪpərəs/

Vaporous

vaporoso; vago
Meaning
consisting of vapor; vague or insubstantial
Example
The morning air was filled with vaporous mist.
El aire de la mañana estaba lleno de niebla vaporosa.
C2 adjective /vɛˈstɪdʒiəl/

vestigial

vestigial
Meaning
Relating to a small, undeveloped remnant of something that was once much larger or more functional.
Example
Humans have a vestigial tailbone that no longer serves its original purpose.
Los humanos tienen un hueso en la cola vestigial que ya no cumple su propósito original.
C1 noun /ˈvɜːrtɪˌɡoʊ/

vertigo

felicidad
Meaning
A sensation of spinning or dizziness, often caused by problems in the inner ear or brain.
Example
She felt a sudden vertigo when she looked down from the tall building.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 noun/verb ˈven.tʃər

venture

empresa arriesgada, aventura, emprender
Meaning
A risky or daring journey or undertaking; a business enterprise involving considerable risk.
Example
His new venture into e-commerce proved successful.
Su nueva aventura en el comercio electrónico fue exitosa.
C1 noun /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/

vertical farming

agricultura vertical
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
La agricultura vertical asegura la máxima utilización del espacio en las áreas urbanas.
B2 noun ˌvɒlənˈtɪər ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən

volunteer organization

organización voluntaria
Meaning
A nonprofit group of people who offer their services willingly without payment for a cause.
Example
BD Clean is a volunteer organization promoting recycling.
BD Clean es una organización voluntaria que promueve el reciclaje.
A1 verb /ˈvɪzɪt/

visit

visitar
Meaning
to go and see someone or somewhere; to pay a call
Example
We plan to visit the museum this weekend.
Planeamos visitar el museo este fin de semana.
C2 noun /ˈvɜːrbiɪdʒ/

verbiage

palabrería
Meaning
Excessive use of words, often with little content or meaning; wordiness.
Example
The contract was filled with unnecessary legal verbiage.
El contrato estaba lleno de palabrería legal innecesaria.
C1 noun /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

vanguard

vanguardia
Meaning
the forefront of an action, movement, or military force
Example
The company is at the vanguard of technological innovation.
La empresa está en la vanguardia de la innovación tecnológica.
C1 noun ˌvæljuˈeɪʃən

valuation

valoración
Meaning
An estimation of the worth of something.
Example
The valuation of the property was much higher than expected.
La valoración de la propiedad fue mucho más alta de lo esperado.
C1 noun /ˈvæɡ.ə.bɒnd/

Vagabond

vagabundo; nómada
Meaning
a person who has no home or job and travels from place to place
Example
The old vagabond wandered through the streets looking for food.
El viejo vagabundo caminaba por las calles buscando comida.
A2 noun /ˈvedʒtəbəl ɔɪl/

Vegetable oil

aceite vegetal
Meaning
Oil extracted from plants, seeds, or nuts used for cooking
Example
She heated vegetable oil in the pan before adding the vegetables.
Ella calentó aceite vegetal en la sartén antes de agregar las verduras.
C1 noun /ˌvəʊ.kəl.aɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/

vocalization

vocalización, expresión de pensamientos o sentimientos en palabras habladas
Meaning
The action of producing sounds with the voice; the expression of thoughts or feelings in spoken words.
Example
The vocalization of the singer captivated the audience.
La vocalización del cantante cautivó al público.
B2 adjective /ˈvʌl.nər.ə.bəl/

vulnerable

vulnerable
Meaning
susceptible to physical or emotional harm
Example
Children are often the most vulnerable in times of crisis.
Los niños son a menudo los más vulnerables en tiempos de crisis.
C1 noun ˈvæljuː beɪst ˌɛdjuːˈkeɪʃən

value-based education

educación basada en valores
Meaning
Education that emphasizes moral principles and ethical values.
Example
Value-based education shapes moral character.
La educación basada en valores moldea el carácter moral.
C2 noun /ˌvælɪˌtjuːdɪˈnɛəriən/

valetudinarian

persona hipocondríaca
Meaning
A person who is unduly anxious about their health or constantly concerned with minor ailments.
Example
He was regarded as a valetudinarian, always worrying about his health.
Se le consideraba un hipocondríaco, siempre preocupado por su salud.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

valor; precio; importancia
Meaning
the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth
Example
This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.
Este jarrón antiguo tiene un gran valor sentimental para nuestra familia.
B2 adverb /ˈvɜː.tʃu.ə.li/

Virtually

virtualmente; casi;
Meaning
nearly; almost; in effect though not in name
Example
The building was virtually destroyed in the earthquake.
El edificio fue virtualmente destruido en el terremoto.
A1 noun /ˈvɪlɪdʒ/

village

pueblo
Meaning
a small community or group of houses in a rural area
Example
They live in a small village surrounded by mountains.
Viven en un pequeño pueblo rodeado de montañas.
C2 noun /ˌviːələnsɛloʊ/

violoncello

chelo
Meaning
The full name of the cello, a large string instrument played with a bow and held between the knees.
Example
He practiced the violoncello for hours each day.
Practicó el violonchelo durante horas cada día.
B2 noun ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl ˈklɑːs.ruːmz

virtual classrooms

aulas virtuales
Meaning
An online learning environment where teachers and students interact via digital platforms.
Example
Virtual classrooms enable remote learning for students worldwide.
Las aulas virtuales permiten el aprendizaje remoto para los estudiantes de todo el mundo.
C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

venenoso; malicioso;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
La serpiente venenosa atacó rápidamente a su presa.
B1 noun /vɒlˈkeɪ.noʊ/

Volcano

felicidad
Meaning
a mountain with an opening through which lava, gas, and ash can escape
Example
The volcano erupted after being dormant for decades.
No pudo esconder su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈvɪntɪdʒ/

vintage

vintage / clásico
Meaning
Relating to high quality from the past; classic; also the year of a wine harvest.
Example
She wore a vintage dress from the 1950s.
Ella llevaba un vestido vintage de los años 50.
B1 preposition /ˈvɜːsəs/

versus

contra
Meaning
against (in a competition or conflict)
Example
The team is playing versus their biggest rivals.
El equipo está jugando contra sus mayores rivales.
B2 adjective /ˈveɪ.kənt/

Vacant

vacío; no ocupado; disponible
Meaning
empty; not occupied; available
Example
There is a vacant apartment on the second floor.
Hay un apartamento vacío en el segundo piso.
C2 noun /ˈveɪnɡlɔːri/

vainglory

vanidad
Meaning
Excessive vanity or boastfulness about one's achievements.
Example
His speech was filled with vainglory and self-praise.
Su discurso estaba lleno de vanidad y autocomplacencia.
C2 adjective /voʊˈsɪfərəs/

vociferous

vociferante
Meaning
expressing feelings or opinions in a loud and forceful way
Example
The vociferous crowd demanded justice.
La multitud vociferante exigió justicia.
C1 noun /ˈveɪpəraɪzər/

vaporizer

vaporizador
Meaning
a device that turns a liquid into vapor, often for inhalation
Example
She used a vaporizer to ease her cough.
Ella usó un vaporizador para aliviar su tos.
B2 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/

Violation

violación; infracción de reglas
Meaning
the action of violating someone or something; the action of breaking or failing to comply with a rule or formal agreement
Example
The company was fined for violation of environmental regulations.
La empresa fue multada por violar las regulaciones ambientales.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪrəs/

virus

virus
Meaning
A tiny infectious agent that can replicate only inside the living cells of an organism.
Example
The computer was infected with a dangerous virus.
El ordenador se infectó con un virus peligroso.
C1 adverb /ˈvælɪdli/

validly

válidamente
Meaning
in a legally, logically, or officially acceptable manner
Example
The contract was validly signed by both parties.
El contrato fue firmado válidamente por ambas partes.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪʒ.ən.er.i/

Visionary

visionario; imaginativo;
Meaning
having original ideas about what the future will bring; innovative; imaginative
Example
Steve Jobs was a visionary leader who revolutionized technology.
Steve Jobs fue un líder visionario que revolucionó la tecnología.
B1 noun /vəˈraɪəti/

Variety

variedad; diversidad
Meaning
the quality of being different or diverse; a number of things of the same general class that are distinct in character or quality
Example
The restaurant offers a wide variety of international dishes.
El restaurante ofrece una amplia variedad de platos internacionales.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lət/

Violet

color violeta
Meaning
of a bluish-purple color
Example
She wore a beautiful violet dress to the party.
Ella llevaba un hermoso vestido violeta a la fiesta.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl/

Virtual

virtual
Meaning
almost or nearly as described, but not completely or according to strict definition; existing in essence or effect, though not in fact
Example
The virtual meeting allowed participants from different countries to collaborate.
La reunión virtual permitió a los participantes de diferentes países colaborar.
C1 noun /ˈvendʒəns/

Vengeance

venganza
Meaning
punishment inflicted or retribution exacted for an injury or wrong; revenge
Example
He swore to seek vengeance against those who wronged him.
Él juró buscar venganza contra aquellos que lo perjudicaron.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lənt/

Violent

violento; agresivo
Meaning
using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; very forceful or powerful
Example
The violent storm caused significant damage to the coastal areas.
La tormenta violenta causó daños significativos en las áreas costeras.
B1 adjective /ˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Visible

visible; claro; aparente
Meaning
able to be seen; noticeable; apparent
Example
The mountain peak was clearly visible from our hotel room.
El pico de la montaña era claramente visible desde nuestra habitación del hotel.
B2 noun /ˈvendə(r)/

Vendor

vendedor
Meaning
a person or company offering something for sale, especially a trader in the street
Example
The street vendor sold fresh fruits and vegetables.
El vendedor ambulante vendió frutas y verduras frescas.
C2 adjective /ˈviːnəl/

venal

corrupto
Meaning
willing to do dishonest things in return for money; corrupt
Example
The politician was accused of being venal and corrupt.
El político fue acusado de ser venal y corrupto.
B1 noun /ˈvɒl.juːm/

volume

volumen
Meaning
the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container
Example
The volume of water in the tank increased after the rain.
El volumen de agua en el tanque aumentó después de la lluvia.