Venturous
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C2 adjective /ˈven.tʃər.əs/

Venturous

aventurero; audaz
Meaning
willing to take risks; adventurous; bold
Example
The venturous explorer climbed the dangerous mountain.
El explorador aventurero subió la peligrosa montaña.
C2 noun /ˈvɛrɪti/

verity

veracidad
Meaning
a true principle or belief; the state of being true
Example
The verity of his statement was confirmed by evidence.
La veracidad de su declaración fue confirmada por evidencia.
C1 adjective /vɜːrˈboʊs/

verbose

verborroso
Meaning
Using or expressed in more words than are needed; wordy.
Example
His verbose explanation confused the audience instead of clarifying the issue.
Su explicación verborrosa confundió a la audiencia en lugar de aclarar el problema.
B2 noun /vɜːrs/

verse

verso
Meaning
A line of writing in poetry; a section of a song or poem.
Example
She wrote a beautiful verse for the wedding ceremony.
Ella escribió un hermoso verso para la ceremonia de la boda.
C2 adjective /vəˈreɪʃəs/

veracious

veraz
Meaning
Truthful, honest; habitually speaking the truth.
Example
She gave a veracious account of what happened that day.
Ella dio un relato veraz de lo que sucedió ese día.
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.tʃu.əl riˈæl.ɪ.ti/

virtual reality

realidad virtual
Meaning
Computer technology that creates an artificial three-dimensional environment where users can feel like they are in a real environment.
Example
Virtual reality (VR) is widely used in gaming and training simulations.
La realidad virtual (VR) se usa ampliamente en juegos y simulaciones de entrenamiento.
C2 adjective /ˈvæpɪd/

vapid

insípido
Meaning
lacking liveliness, flavor, or interest; dull and uninspired
Example
The lecture was so vapid that half the audience fell asleep.
La conferencia fue tan insípida que la mitad de la audiencia se quedó dormida.
B1 noun /ˈvɪərər/

viewer

espectador
Meaning
a person who watches something, especially television or video content
Example
The viewer is able to switch channels with the remote control.
El espectador puede cambiar de canal con el control remoto.
C2 adjective /ˈvɔːntɪd/

vaunted

excesivamente elogiado
Meaning
praised or boasted about, especially excessively
Example
The vaunted technology failed to deliver the expected results.
La tecnología excesivamente elogiada no logró entregar los resultados esperados.
B2 adjective /veɪn/

Vain

vanidoso; inútil
Meaning
having excessive pride in one's appearance; futile or unsuccessful
Example
She spent hours in front of the mirror being quite vain.
Ella pasó horas frente al espejo siendo bastante vanidosa.
C2 verb /voʊˈsɪfəˌreɪt/

vociferate

vociferar
Meaning
to shout, complain, or argue loudly or vehemently
Example
The protesters vociferated against the unfair law.
Los manifestantes vociferaron contra la ley injusta.
B2 verb /ˈvɒmɪt/

vomit

vomitar
Meaning
to bring up food from the stomach through the mouth; to be sick
Example
The patient began to vomit after taking the medication.
El paciente comenzó a vomitar después de tomar el medicamento.
C1 noun /ˈvɪdʒ.ɪ.ləns/

vigilance

vigilancia
Meaning
The action or state of keeping careful watch for possible danger or difficulties.
Example
Constant vigilance is required in cybersecurity.
Se requiere vigilancia constante en ciberseguridad.
C2 noun vəˈlɪʃən

volition

volición
Meaning
The faculty or power of using one's will; the power of choosing or determining.
Example
She left the job of her own volition.
Ella dejó el trabajo por su propia volición.
B2 noun/adjective /ˈvɪntɪdʒ/

vintage

vintage / clásico
Meaning
Relating to high quality from the past; classic; also the year of a wine harvest.
Example
She wore a vintage dress from the 1950s.
Ella llevaba un vestido vintage de los años 50.
B1 adjective /ˈvælɪd/

Valid

válido; aceptable legal o oficialmente
Meaning
legally or officially acceptable; having a sound basis in logic or fact
Example
The passport is valid for ten years.
El pasaporte es válido por diez años.
B1 noun /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/

Voyage

viaje; travesía por mar
Meaning
a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
Example
The ship's voyage across the Atlantic took two weeks.
El viaje del barco a través del Atlántico duró dos semanas.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪndɪkeɪtɪv/

vindicative

vindicatorio
Meaning
showing a tendency to vindicate or justify; inclined to defend
Example
Her vindicative tone showed that she strongly believed in her innocence.
Su tono vindicatorio mostró que creía firmemente en su inocencia.
C2 noun /vəˈliːɪti/

velleity

deseo débil
Meaning
A wish or inclination not strong enough to lead to action.
Example
His interest in painting never grew beyond a mere velleity.
Su interés en la pintura nunca creció más allá de un mero deseo débil.
B2 adjective /ˈveɪ.kənt/

Vacant

vacío; no ocupado; disponible
Meaning
empty; not occupied; available
Example
There is a vacant apartment on the second floor.
Hay un apartamento vacío en el segundo piso.
B2 noun /ˈvæljuː ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃən/

value proposition

una declaración que explica los beneficios únicos o el valor que un producto o servicio ofrece a los clientes
Meaning
A statement that explains the unique benefits or value that a product or service offers to customers.
Example
A clear value proposition attracts more customers.
Una clara propuesta de valor atrae más clientes.
C1 noun /ˈvaɪ.pər/

Viper

víbora
Meaning
a venomous snake with large hinged fangs that typically has a thick body and gives birth to live young
Example
The viper coiled up when it sensed danger.
La víbora se enrolló cuando sintió el peligro.
C2 noun /ˈvɪntnər/

vintner

vinatero / vendedor de vino
Meaning
A person who makes or sells wine.
Example
The vintner explained the process of making red wine.
El vinatero explicó el proceso de hacer vino tinto.
C1 verb /vɪə(r)/

veer

cambiar de dirección
Meaning
to change direction suddenly
Example
The car veered off the road to avoid the accident.
El coche viró fuera de la carretera para evitar el accidente.
C1 adjective /ˈven.ə.məs/

Venomous

venenoso; malicioso;
Meaning
secreting venom; full of malice or spite; extremely hostile
Example
The venomous snake struck quickly at its prey.
La serpiente venenosa atacó rápidamente a su presa.
C1 noun /ˈvænɡɑːrd/

vanguard

vanguardia
Meaning
the forefront of an action, movement, or military force
Example
The company is at the vanguard of technological innovation.
La empresa está en la vanguardia de la innovación tecnológica.
B2 verb /ˈvænɪʃ/

vanish

desaparecer
Meaning
to disappear suddenly; to become invisible
Example
The magician made the rabbit vanish from the hat.
El mago hizo desaparecer al conejo del sombrero.
C2 adjective /ˈvoʊtɪv/

votive

dedicado
Meaning
Offered or dedicated in fulfillment of a vow.
Example
She lit a votive candle in the church as a prayer.
Ella encendió una vela votiva en la iglesia como una oración.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lət/

Violet

color violeta
Meaning
of a bluish-purple color
Example
She wore a beautiful violet dress to the party.
Ella llevaba un hermoso vestido violeta a la fiesta.
C1 adjective vəˈreɪ.ʃəs

voracious

voraz
Meaning
Having a very eager approach to an activity; wanting or devouring great quantities of food or having an insatiable appetite.
Example
He has a voracious appetite for knowledge.
Él tiene un apetito voraz por el conocimiento.
C1 adjective /ˈvɪrjʊlənt/

virulent

sumamente dañino
Meaning
Extremely severe or harmful in its effects.
Example
The virulent disease spread rapidly across the region.
La enfermedad virulenta se extendió rápidamente por la región.
B1 noun /ˈvaɪtəmɪn/

vitamin

vitamina
Meaning
a natural substance needed by the body to stay healthy
Example
Fruits and vegetables are rich sources of vitamins.
Las frutas y verduras son fuentes ricas en vitaminas.
C2 noun /ˌvɪvɪˈsɛkʃən/

vivisection

la práctica de realizar operaciones en animales vivos para la investigación científica
Meaning
the practice of performing operations on live animals for scientific research
Example
Vivisection has long been a controversial topic among scientists and animal rights activists.
La vivisección ha sido durante mucho tiempo un tema controvertido entre científicos y activistas por los derechos de los animales.
A2 noun /væn/

van

furgoneta
Meaning
a large vehicle used for transporting goods or people
Example
The delivery van stopped in front of our house.
La furgoneta de entrega se detuvo frente a nuestra casa.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈkɛəriəs/

vicarious

felicidad
Meaning
experienced through the feelings or actions of another person
Example
She felt vicarious excitement watching her son win the award.
No pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 noun /vɜːrˈtuː/

virtu

gusto por el arte
Meaning
a love of or taste for fine art, antiques, or curiosities
Example
The collector’s house was filled with objects of virtu.
La casa del coleccionista estaba llena de objetos de virtu.
B2 noun /ˈvɜː.dɪkt/

verdict

veredicto
Meaning
a decision made by a jury or judge in a court case
Example
The jury returned a guilty verdict after three hours of deliberation.
El jurado dictó un veredicto de culpabilidad tras tres horas de deliberación.
C2 verb /ˈvɪʃieɪt/

vitiate

viciar
Meaning
to spoil, weaken, or make something less effective
Example
One careless remark can vitiate the entire argument.
Un comentario imprudente puede viciar todo el argumento.
C1 noun /ˈvæntɪdʒ/

vantage

posición ventajosa
Meaning
a position or situation that gives an advantage or a good view
Example
From this vantage, we could see the entire valley.
Desde esta posición, pudimos ver todo el valle.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜː.sə.taɪl/

versatile

versátil
Meaning
Able to adapt or be adapted to many different functions or activities; having many uses or applications.
Example
He is a versatile musician who can play multiple instruments.
Él es un músico versátil que puede tocar múltiples instrumentos.
B2 verb /ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz/

visualize

visualizar
Meaning
To form a mental image of something; to imagine.
Example
She tried to visualize her success before the big presentation.
Ella intentó visualizar su éxito antes de la gran presentación.
C2 adjective /ˈvɒkətɪv/

vocative

caso vocativo
Meaning
relating to a case in grammar used for directly addressing someone
Example
In Latin, the vocative case is used when directly calling someone by name.
En latín, el caso vocativo se usa para llamar directamente a alguien por su nombre.
C1 verb /ˈvɪn.dɪ.keɪt/

vindicate

justificar
Meaning
To clear someone of blame or suspicion; to show or prove to be right, reasonable, or justified.
Example
The new evidence helped vindicate the wrongly accused man.
La nueva evidencia ayudó a justificar al hombre injustamente acusado.
A2 noun /ˈvedʒtəbəl ɔɪl/

Vegetable oil

aceite vegetal
Meaning
Oil extracted from plants, seeds, or nuts used for cooking
Example
She heated vegetable oil in the pan before adding the vegetables.
Ella calentó aceite vegetal en la sartén antes de agregar las verduras.
C1 noun/verb /vɔːlt/

vault

bóveda segura / saltar
Meaning
A secure room for storing valuables; also to leap or spring over something.
Example
The bank kept its gold bars in a secure vault.
El banco guardaba sus lingotes de oro en una bóveda segura.
B2 noun /ˈvæmpaɪər/

vampire

felicidad
Meaning
a mythical creature that sucks blood from the living; metaphorically, a person who exploits others
Example
In folklore, a vampire rises at night to drink human blood.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 noun /vɛnˈdɪʃən/

vendition

venta
Meaning
The act of selling; sale.
Example
The auction was a formal vendition of the estate's assets.
La subasta fue una venta formal de los activos de la propiedad.
B2 adjective /veɪɡ/

Vague

vago; incierto
Meaning
unclear or uncertain in meaning; not clearly expressed
Example
His explanation was too vague for me to understand.
Su explicación fue demasiado vaga para que yo pudiera entenderla.
C2 noun /ˈvɪtrioʊl/

vitriol

crítica mordaz
Meaning
harsh and bitter criticism
Example
The politician faced vitriol from the public.
El político enfrentó críticas mordaces del público.
B2 noun /ˈvæn.ɪ.ti/

Vanity

vanidad
Meaning
excessive pride in one's appearance or achievements; the quality of being worthless or pointless
Example
Her vanity made her spend hours looking at herself in the mirror.
Su vanidad la hizo pasar horas mirándose en el espejo.
B1 adjective /ˈvaɪə.lənt/

Violent

violento; agresivo
Meaning
using or involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill; very forceful or powerful
Example
The violent storm caused significant damage to the coastal areas.
La tormenta violenta causó daños significativos en las áreas costeras.
C2 noun /vɛkˈseɪʃən/

vexation

exasperación
Meaning
the state of being annoyed, frustrated, or worried
Example
She could not hide her vexation after the repeated delays.
Ella no pudo esconder su exasperación después de los repetidos retrasos.
B2 noun /ˈvjuːpɔɪnt/

viewpoint

punto de vista
Meaning
a particular attitude or way of considering a matter
Example
From his viewpoint, the situation was hopeless.
Desde su punto de vista, la situación era desesperada.
C2 verb /ˈvɪvɪfaɪ/

vivify

vivificar
Meaning
to give life or energy to something; to animate or enliven
Example
The teacher’s enthusiasm helped vivify the boring lecture.
El entusiasmo del profesor ayudó a vivificar la aburrida conferencia.
A1 verb /ˈvɪzɪt/

visit

visitar
Meaning
to go and see someone or somewhere; to pay a call
Example
We plan to visit the museum this weekend.
Planeamos visitar el museo este fin de semana.
B2 noun /ˌvaɪ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/

Violation

violación; infracción de reglas
Meaning
the action of violating someone or something; the action of breaking or failing to comply with a rule or formal agreement
Example
The company was fined for violation of environmental regulations.
La empresa fue multada por violar las regulaciones ambientales.
B2 verb/noun /vɛnt/

vent

ventilar / agujero por donde pasa aire o gas
Meaning
to release air, gas, or strong emotions; an opening that allows air, gas, or liquid to pass
Example
She vented her frustration after the long meeting.
Ella desahogó su frustración después de la larga reunión.
B2 noun /ˌvæk.sɪˈneɪ.ʃən/

Vaccination

vacunación
Meaning
the process of giving a vaccine to a person or animal to protect them against a disease
Example
Children receive vaccination against measles at an early age.
Los niños reciben la vacunación contra el sarampión a una edad temprana.
C2 verb /ˈvæsɪleɪt/

vacillate

felicidad
Meaning
to waver between different opinions or actions; be indecisive
Example
He vacillated between studying law and becoming a writer.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 noun /vaɪs/

Vice

vicio; mala costumbre; defecto moral
Meaning
an immoral or wicked behavior; a moral failing or fault
Example
Smoking is his only vice.
Fumar es su único vicio.
B2 verb /ˈvæksɪneɪt/

vaccinate

vacunar
Meaning
to give a vaccine to protect against a disease
Example
Children are usually vaccinated before starting school.
Los niños generalmente son vacunados antes de comenzar la escuela.
C1 adjective /ˈvæljuːləs/

valueless

inútil
Meaning
having no worth, importance, or usefulness
Example
The old broken phone was considered valueless.
El viejo teléfono roto fue considerado inútil.
B1 noun ˈvɪktəri

victory

victoria
Meaning
The act of defeating an enemy or opponent in a battle, game, or other competition.
Example
The victory of Bangladesh on December 16 is a moment of pride.
La victoria de Bangladesh el 16 de diciembre es un momento de orgullo.
C1 noun /ˈvaɪəˌleɪtər/

violator

infractor
Meaning
A person who breaks or disregards a law, rule, or agreement.
Example
The police caught the traffic violator at the intersection.
La policía atrapó al infractor de tráfico en la intersección.
C2 noun /ˈvaɪəl/

viol

un tipo de instrumento de cuerdas antiguo
Meaning
A stringed musical instrument of the Renaissance and Baroque periods, played with a bow and similar to but distinct from the violin family.
Example
The musician played an old viol in the chamber music concert.
El músico tocó un viejo váil en el concierto de música de cámara.
B1 noun /ˈvɪk.tɪm/

Victim

víctima
Meaning
a person who suffers harm, injury, or death as a result of an event or action
Example
The victim was taken to the hospital immediately.
La víctima fue llevada al hospital inmediatamente.
B2 noun /ˈves.əl/

vessel

buque
Meaning
A ship or large boat.
Example
The vessel carried critical supplies.
El buque transportó suministros críticos.
C2 adjective /vɜːrˈtɪdʒɪnəs/

vertiginous

vertiginoso
Meaning
Causing dizziness due to great height or steepness.
Example
The tourists looked down from the vertiginous cliffs with awe.
Los turistas miraron hacia abajo desde los acantilados vertiginosos con asombro.
B2 noun /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/

Validity

validez
Meaning
the quality of being legally or officially acceptable; the quality of being logically or factually sound
Example
The validity of the contract expires next month.
La validez del contrato expira el próximo mes.
C2 adjective /ˈvɜːrdənt/

verdant

verdeante
Meaning
Green with grass or other rich vegetation; lush and fertile.
Example
The hills looked verdant after the monsoon rains.
Las colinas se veían verdes después de las lluvias del monzón.
C1 adjective /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/

Vindictive

vindictivo
Meaning
having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge
Example
His vindictive behavior towards his former colleagues was unprofessional.
Su comportamiento vengativo hacia sus antiguos colegas fue poco profesional.
C1 noun ˌvæljuˈeɪʃən

valuation

valoración
Meaning
An estimation of the worth of something.
Example
The valuation of the property was much higher than expected.
La valoración de la propiedad fue mucho más alta de lo esperado.
C1 adverb/adjective /vɜːˈbeɪ.tɪm/

verbatim

palabra por palabra o literalmente
Meaning
In exactly the same words as were used originally; word for word repetition.
Example
She repeated his instructions verbatim to avoid errors.
Ella repitió sus instrucciones palabra por palabra para evitar errores.
C2 adjective /ˈvjuː.ləs/

Viewless

invisible; sin opiniones
Meaning
invisible; having no views or opinions
Example
The ghost remained viewless to most people in the haunted house.
El fantasma permaneció invisible para la mayoría de las personas en la casa encantada.
B1 preposition /ˈvɜːsəs/

versus

contra
Meaning
against (in a competition or conflict)
Example
The team is playing versus their biggest rivals.
El equipo está jugando contra sus mayores rivales.
C2 verb /ˈvaʊtʃ.seɪf/

vouchsafe

conceder
Meaning
to grant or give something in a gracious or condescending manner
Example
He vouchsafed them a rare smile.
Él les concedió una rara sonrisa.
C1 noun /vɛnˈdɛtə/

vendetta

venganza
Meaning
a prolonged bitter quarrel or campaign of revenge
Example
The two families were caught in a bitter vendetta for generations.
Las dos familias estuvieron atrapadas en una amarga venganza durante generaciones.
C2 noun /vɪˈsɪsɪtjuːd/

vicissitude

vicisitudes de la vida
Meaning
A natural change or succession of one thing to another; the ups and downs of life.
Example
The vicissitude of life often teaches resilience.
Las vicisitudes de la vida a menudo enseñan resiliencia.
B1 noun /ˈvæk.siːn/

Vaccine

vacuna
Meaning
a substance that is put into the body to prevent a disease
Example
The COVID-19 vaccine has helped reduce severe illness.
La vacuna contra el COVID-19 ha ayudado a reducir enfermedades graves.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛlvəti/

velvety

felicidad
Meaning
having a smooth, soft texture like velvet
Example
She spoke in a low, velvety voice.
No podía ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 adjective /ˈvɪtriəs/

vitreous

vítreo
Meaning
having a glass-like appearance or quality
Example
The mineral has a vitreous shine.
El mineral tiene un brillo vítreo.
B2 noun /vɒlˈkæn.ɪk ɪˈrʌp.ʃən/

volcanic eruption

erupción volcánica
Meaning
The discharge of lava, ash, and gases from a volcano.
Example
The volcanic eruption covered the town in ash.
La erupción volcánica cubrió la ciudad con cenizas.
A1 noun /ˈvɛdʒ.tə.bəl/

vegetable

felicidad
Meaning
a plant or part of a plant used as food
Example
I eat vegetables every day for health.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C2 adjective /ˈviː.ni.əl/

Venial

perdonable; no gravemente malo; menor
Meaning
forgivable; not seriously wrong; minor
Example
His late arrival was considered a venial offense.
Su llegada tarde fue considerada una ofensa venial.
C2 verb /ˈvaɪtəlaɪz/

vitalize

vitalizar
Meaning
To give life, energy, or strength to something.
Example
Fresh air and exercise can vitalize the body and mind.
El aire fresco y el ejercicio pueden vitalizar el cuerpo y la mente.
C2 verb /ˈvɪlɪfaɪ/

vilify

felicidad
Meaning
to speak or write about someone in an abusive or disparaging manner
Example
The politician was vilified in the media for his controversial remarks.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun ˈvæljuː beɪst ˌɛdjuːˈkeɪʃən

value-based education

educación basada en valores
Meaning
Education that emphasizes moral principles and ethical values.
Example
Value-based education shapes moral character.
La educación basada en valores moldea el carácter moral.
C2 noun /voʊˈsɪfərəns/

vociferance

gritar fuerte
Meaning
the act of shouting or making a loud outcry
Example
The vociferance of the protesters filled the streets.
La vociferancia de los manifestantes llenó las calles.
B1 adjective /ˈvɪz.ə.bəl/

Visible

visible; claro; aparente
Meaning
able to be seen; noticeable; apparent
Example
The mountain peak was clearly visible from our hotel room.
El pico de la montaña era claramente visible desde nuestra habitación del hotel.
A1 noun /ˈvɪdiəʊ/

video

vídeo
Meaning
a recording of moving visual images made digitally or on film
Example
She watched the video of her favorite concert online.
Ella vio el video de su concierto favorito en línea.
C1 verb /ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/

victimize

victimizar
Meaning
To make someone a victim, often by treating them unfairly or cruelly.
Example
The corrupt officials victimized the poor villagers.
Los funcionarios corruptos victimizaron a los pobres aldeanos.
C2 noun /viːˈnæləti/

venality

venalidad
Meaning
the quality of being open to bribery or corruption
Example
The scandal revealed the venality of several senior officials.
El escándalo reveló la venalidad de varios funcionarios de alto rango.
B1 noun /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/

voting

votación
Meaning
the act of making a choice in an election or decision by casting a vote
Example
Voting is an important part of a democratic society.
La votación es una parte importante de una sociedad democrática.
C1 verb /veks/

vex

molestar
Meaning
to annoy or frustrate someone; to cause trouble
Example
The constant noise from construction vexes the residents.
El ruido constante de la construcción molesta a los residentes.
C1 noun /vəˈnɪər/

veneer

felicidad
Meaning
A thin decorative covering of fine wood applied to a coarser wood or other material; a superficially attractive appearance.
Example
The table was covered with a thin veneer of mahogany.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
C1 noun /ˈvɔːrtɛks/

vortex

vórtice
Meaning
A mass of whirling fluid or air, especially a whirlpool or whirlwind.
Example
The plane was caught in a dangerous vortex of air.
El avión fue atrapado en un peligroso vórtice de aire.
B1 adjective /ˈvɪʒuəl/

visual

visual
Meaning
Relating to seeing or sight.
Example
The movie was praised for its stunning visual effects.
La película fue elogiada por sus impresionantes efectos visuales.
C2 noun /ˈvɔːdəvɪl/

vaudeville

vaudeville
Meaning
A type of entertainment popular in the early 20th century, featuring a mixture of comedy, song, dance, and variety acts.
Example
The vaudeville show included comedians, magicians, and dancers.
El espectáculo de vaudeville incluía comediantes, magos y bailarines.
C2 adjective /voʊˈsɪfərəs/

vociferous

vociferante
Meaning
expressing feelings or opinions in a loud and forceful way
Example
The vociferous crowd demanded justice.
La multitud vociferante exigió justicia.
C2 noun /ˈvoʊtəri/

votary

devoto
Meaning
A devoted follower or admirer of someone or something.
Example
He is a votary of classical music and attends every concert.
Él es un devoto de la música clásica y asiste a cada concierto.
C1 noun /vʌlˈɡær.ɪ.ti/

Vulgarity

vulgaridad
Meaning
the quality of being rude, offensive, or indecent; lack of sophistication or good taste
Example
The comedian's jokes were criticized for their vulgarity.
Los chistes del comediante fueron criticados por su vulgaridad.
B2 noun ˈvaɪtəl rɪˈsɔːrsɪz

vital resources

recursos vitales
Meaning
Essential assets or supplies that are crucial for survival and development.
Example
Water is one of Bangladesh's vital resources.
El agua es uno de los recursos vitales de Bangladesh.
B1 noun /ˈvæl.juː/

Value

valor; precio; importancia
Meaning
the importance or worth of something; the amount of money that something is worth
Example
This antique vase has great sentimental value to our family.
Este jarrón antiguo tiene un gran valor sentimental para nuestra familia.
C1 adjective /ˈvɛrɪtəbl/

veritable

verdadero
Meaning
used to emphasize that something is genuine or true
Example
The house was a veritable palace compared to ours.
La casa era un verdadero palacio comparado con la nuestra.
B2 adverb /ˈvɜː.tʃu.ə.li/

Virtually

virtualmente; casi;
Meaning
nearly; almost; in effect though not in name
Example
The building was virtually destroyed in the earthquake.
El edificio fue virtualmente destruido en el terremoto.
C2 adjective /vəˈlʌptʃuəs/

voluptuous

voluptuoso
Meaning
Relating to or characterized by luxury and sensual pleasure; sexually attractive.
Example
The artist painted a voluptuous figure reclining on the couch.
El artista pintó una figura voluptuosa reclinada en el sofá.
B2 adjective /ˈvɜːr.tʃu.əs/

Virtuous

virtuoso; recto; moralmente excelente;
Meaning
having high moral standards; righteous; morally excellent
Example
She is known for her virtuous character and honest dealings.
Ella es conocida por su carácter virtuoso y sus tratos honestos.
B2 noun ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃən

ventilation

ventilación
Meaning
The provision of fresh air to a room, building, etc.
Example
Proper ventilation is essential for maintaining air quality.
La ventilación adecuada es esencial para mantener la calidad del aire.
C2 adjective /vaɪˈtjuːpərəbl̩/

vituperable

digno de reproche
Meaning
Deserving of blame, censure, or harsh criticism.
Example
His reckless actions made him vituperable in the eyes of his colleagues.
Sus acciones imprudentes lo hicieron digno de reproche a los ojos de sus colegas.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛndɪbəl/

vendible

vendible
Meaning
Capable of being sold; marketable.
Example
Only vendible products were displayed at the trade fair.
Solo los productos vendibles fueron exhibidos en la feria comercial.
B1 noun /ˈvæk.juːm/

vacuum

vacío
Meaning
A space entirely devoid of matter; an absence of atmosphere or content.
Example
The scientist created a vacuum chamber for the experiment.
El científico creó una cámara de vacío para el experimento.
B2 noun /ˈven.juː/

Venue

lugar
Meaning
a place where an event or activity takes place
Example
The wedding venue was beautifully decorated.
El lugar de la boda estaba bellamente decorado.
C2 adjective /ˈvɛntrəl/

ventral

ventral
Meaning
relating to the underside or abdominal part of an animal or organ
Example
The fish has a white ventral surface.
El pez tiene una superficie ventral blanca.
C1 noun /ˈvɪɡər/

vigor

vigor
Meaning
Physical strength, energy, or enthusiasm.
Example
She tackled the project with great vigor and determination.
Ella abordó el proyecto con gran vigor y determinación.
C2 noun /ˈvɪzɪdʒ/

visage

felicidad
Meaning
A person's face or facial expression.
Example
Her stern visage intimidated the children.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B1 noun /ˈviːzə/

visa

visa
Meaning
an official authorization or permission to enter, leave, or stay in a country
Example
She applied for a visa to study abroad.
Ella solicitó una visa para estudiar en el extranjero.
C1 noun /ˈvɜː.tɪ.kəl ˈfɑː.mɪŋ/

vertical farming

agricultura vertical
Meaning
The practice of growing crops in vertically stacked layers, often incorporating controlled-environment agriculture.
Example
Vertical farming ensures maximum space utilization in urban areas.
La agricultura vertical asegura la máxima utilización del espacio en las áreas urbanas.
B2 adjective /ˈvɒl.ən.tər.i/

Voluntary

voluntario
Meaning
done willingly without being forced; given or done freely
Example
She made a voluntary donation to the charity.
Ella hizo una donación voluntaria a la caridad.
C2 adjective /ˌvælɪˈdɪktəri/

valedictory

de despedida
Meaning
Serving as a farewell or parting; relating to a valediction.
Example
He delivered a valedictory speech at the conference.
Él dio un discurso de despedida en la conferencia.
A2 noun /ˈvɒlibɔːl/

volleyball

voleibol
Meaning
a team sport in which players hit a ball over a high net using their hands
Example
She plays volleyball with her friends every weekend.
Ella juega voleibol con sus amigos cada fin de semana.
C2 adjective /ˈviːnəl/

venal

corrupto
Meaning
willing to do dishonest things in return for money; corrupt
Example
The politician was accused of being venal and corrupt.
El político fue acusado de ser venal y corrupto.