vale
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C1 noun /veɪl/

vale

valle
Meaning
A valley, often used in a poetic or literary sense.
Example
The village lay hidden in a quiet green vale.
El pueblo estaba oculto en un tranquilo valle verde.
C1 noun ˌvɛn.əˈreɪ.ʃən

veneration

veneración
Meaning
Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.
Example
Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.
Muchas culturas muestran veneración por sus antepasados.
C1 noun ˈdɪk.ʃən

diction

pronunciación y elección de palabras
Meaning
The style of pronunciation and word choice in speaking or writing.
Example
A strong diction enhances communication skills.
Una dicción fuerte mejora las habilidades de comunicación.
C1 verb /dɪsˈhɑːrtn/

dishearten

desanimar
Meaning
to cause someone to lose determination or confidence; to discourage
Example
The constant rejection letters began to dishearten the young writer.
Las cartas de rechazo constantes comenzaron a desanimar al joven escritor.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈkaʊntəbl/

unaccountable

inexplicable
Meaning
Not able to be explained or justified.
Example
She felt an unaccountable fear as she entered the dark room.
Ella sintió un miedo inexplicable al entrar en la habitación oscura.
C1 noun /poʊˈɛt.ɪks/

poetics

poética, teoría de la poesía
Meaning
the study or theory of poetry and its principles
Example
He wrote a book on poetics explaining the art of verse.
Escribió un libro sobre poética explicando el arte del verso.
C1 adjective /ˈtɪp.tɒp/

Tiptop

excelente; de primera calidad
Meaning
of the highest quality; excellent; in perfect condition
Example
The car is in tiptop condition.
El coche está en excelente estado.
C1 adjective /sɪˈmɛtrɪkəl/

symmetrical

simétrico
Meaning
having parts on either side that match or are the same in shape, size, or arrangement
Example
The artist designed a symmetrical pattern on the floor.
El artista diseñó un patrón simétrico en el suelo.
C1 verb /dɪˈspɜːrs/

disperse

dispersar
Meaning
To scatter or spread widely in different directions.
Example
The police used tear gas to disperse the crowd.
La policía usó gas lacrimógeno para dispersar a la multitud.
C1 adjective /ˈdaɪ.si/

dicey

arriesgado
Meaning
Risky or unpredictable; potentially dangerous.
Example
Investing in that company looks pretty dicey right now.
Invertir en esa empresa ahora parece bastante arriesgado.
C1 adjective /ɡɔːnt/

gaunt

demacrado
Meaning
extremely thin, bony, and haggard in appearance, often due to hunger or illness
Example
After weeks of illness, he looked pale and gaunt.
Después de semanas de enfermedad, se veía pálido y demacrado.
C1 noun /kənˈtɪn.dʒən.si/

contingency

plan de contingencia
Meaning
A provision for an unforeseen event or circumstance, especially in financial planning.
Example
The company has a contingency plan for economic downturns.
La empresa tiene un plan de contingencia para las recesiones económicas.
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɪə.ləs/

Cheerless

desolado; sombrío; triste; sin alegría
Meaning
lacking happiness or comfort; gloomy; depressing; without cheer
Example
The old house looked cheerless and abandoned in the winter rain.
La casa vieja se veía desolada y abandonada bajo la lluvia invernal.
C1 verb /səbˈsɪst/

subsist

subsistir
Meaning
To maintain or support oneself, especially at a minimal level.
Example
Many villagers still subsist on fishing and farming.
Muchos aldeanos todavía subsisten de la pesca y la agricultura.
C1 adjective /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/

Vindictive

vindictivo
Meaning
having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge
Example
His vindictive behavior towards his former colleagues was unprofessional.
Su comportamiento vengativo hacia sus antiguos colegas fue poco profesional.
C1 noun/verb /ˈslʌmbər/

slumber

sueño
Meaning
A state of sleep; to sleep lightly or rest.
Example
The child slumbered peacefully through the night.
El niño durmió pacíficamente durante la noche.
C1 noun /ˈwɜːkmənʃɪp/

workmanship

calidad del trabajo
Meaning
The skill with which something is made or the quality of something made.
Example
The workmanship of the handmade furniture was impeccable.
El trabajo artesanal de los muebles hechos a mano era impecable.
C1 noun /rɪˈdʒɪdəti/

Rigidity

rigidez
Meaning
inability to bend or be forced out of shape; unwillingness to change or compromise
Example
The rigidity of the old system prevented any innovation.
La rigidez del antiguo sistema impidió cualquier innovación.
C1 adjective eɪˈsɪŋ.krə.nəs

asynchronous

asíncrono
Meaning
Of or requiring a form of computer control timing protocol in which a specific operation begins upon receipt of an indication that the preceding operation has been completed.
Example
Asynchronous courses allow students to learn at their own pace.
Los cursos asincrónicos permiten a los estudiantes aprender a su propio ritmo.
C1 noun /mɪsˈɡɪv.ɪŋ/

Misgiving

duda; aprensión; inseguridad
Meaning
A feeling of doubt or apprehension about the outcome or consequences of something
Example
She had serious misgivings about accepting the job offer.
Ella tenía serias dudas sobre aceptar la oferta de trabajo.
C1 noun /ˈneb.jʊ.lə/

nebula

nebulosa
Meaning
A cloud of gas and dust in outer space, sometimes visible in the night sky.
Example
The Orion Nebula is one of the brightest in the sky.
La Nebulosa de Orión es una de las más brillantes en el cielo.
C1 noun ˌɪnfɛsˈteɪʃən

infestation

infestación, gran número de insectos o animales en un lugar
Meaning
The presence of an unusually large number of insects or animals in a place, causing damage or disease.
Example
The infestation of ants in the kitchen led to immediate pest control measures.
La infestación de hormigas en la cocina llevó a medidas inmediatas de control de plagas.
C1 noun /ɪɡˈzɜːr.ʃən/

exertion

esfuerzo físico o mental
Meaning
Using energy or effort to achieve something.
Example
Excessive exertion can lead to fatigue and burnout.
El exceso de exertión puede llevar a la fatiga y al agotamiento.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪtəm/ or /ˈdætəm/

datum

dato
Meaning
a single piece of information; a fact used as a basis for reasoning or calculation
Example
Each datum in the survey was carefully analyzed.
Cada dato en la encuesta fue cuidadosamente analizado.
C1 noun /ˌprɒpəˈɡeɪʃən/

propagation

propagación, difusión
Meaning
The action of spreading and promoting an idea, theory, etc.
Example
The propagation of ideas through social media is rapid.
La propagación de ideas a través de las redes sociales es rápida.
C1 verb /kənˈdʒɛst/

congest

congestionar
Meaning
To block or overcrowd a space, making movement or flow difficult.
Example
Heavy traffic can congest the city streets during rush hour.
El tráfico pesado puede congestionarse las calles de la ciudad durante la hora punta.
C1 adverb /ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənəli/

unconventionally

poco convencionalmente
Meaning
in a way that is not based on or conforming to accepted standards or norms
Example
She dresses unconventionally, mixing bold colors and patterns that surprise everyone.
Ella se viste de manera poco convencional, combinando colores y patrones audaces que sorprenden a todos.
C1 noun /meɪn/

mane

melena
Meaning
the long hair growing on the neck of a horse, lion, or other animal
Example
The lion shook its thick mane proudly.
El león sacudió su espesa melena con orgullo.
C1 adjective /dɪˈbɪl.ɪ.teɪ.tɪŋ/

debilitating

debilitante
Meaning
Making someone or something weak and infirm.
Example
The disease had a debilitating effect on his health.
La enfermedad tuvo un efecto debilitante en su salud.
C1 verb /ˌaʊtˈduː/

outdo

superar
Meaning
To do better than someone else; to surpass.
Example
She always tries to outdo her classmates in exams.
Ella siempre trata de superar a sus compañeros de clase en los exámenes.
C1 noun /ˈiːɡoʊˌɪzəm/

egoism

egoísmo
Meaning
An ethical theory that treats self-interest as the foundation of morality; also, excessive preoccupation with oneself.
Example
His decisions were often driven by egoism rather than concern for others.
Sus decisiones a menudo eran impulsadas por el egoísmo en lugar de por la preocupación por los demás.
C1 noun (plural) /kwɑːmz/

qualms

dudas
Meaning
feelings of doubt, worry, or uneasiness
Example
He had serious qualms about accepting the offer.
Él tenía serias dudas sobre aceptar la oferta.
C1 noun /ˈdaʊn.pɔːr/

Downpour

lluvia torrencial; tormenta repentina
Meaning
a heavy fall of rain; a sudden heavy rainfall
Example
The sudden downpour caught everyone off guard and soaked the outdoor event.
La repentina lluvia torrencial sorprendió a todos y empapó el evento al aire libre.
C1 adjective /ˈtæk.taɪl/

tactile

táctil
Meaning
Connected with the sense of touch; perceptible by touch or giving a sensation when touched.
Example
The tactile experience of the fabric was soft and smooth.
La experiencia táctil de la tela era suave y lisa.
C1 noun flɛər

flair

habilidad natural
Meaning
A natural ability to do something well.
Example
She has a flair for design, always creating visually stunning work.
Ella tiene una habilidad especial para el diseño, siempre creando trabajos visualmente impresionantes.
C1 noun /ɪnˈdaɪtmənt/

indictment

acusación formal
Meaning
a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime
Example
The indictment accused the company of multiple violations.
La acusación formal acusó a la empresa de múltiples violaciones.
C1 verb /ˈpætər/

patter

hacer un sonido repetido de golpecitos suaves / hablar rápidamente de manera mecánica
Meaning
to make a repeated light tapping sound; to talk quickly in a rehearsed or mechanical way
Example
Rain pattered softly on the window.
La lluvia golpeaba suavemente en la ventana.
C1 verb/noun /ˈkwɪbəl/

quibble

discutir sobre algo trivial
Meaning
To argue or raise objections about a trivial matter; a petty objection.
Example
They quibbled over who should pay the bill.
Ellos discutieron sobre quién debía pagar la cuenta.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋ/

Exceeding

excesivo; más allá
Meaning
going beyond; surpassing; extremely
Example
The project was completed with exceeding excellence.
El proyecto se completó con una excelencia excesiva.
C1 adjective ˈluː.sɪd

lucid

claro y fácil de entender
Meaning
Clear and easily understandable thoughts or explanations.
Example
His explanation was so lucid that everyone understood it.
Su explicación era tan clara que todos la entendieron.
C1 adjective /ˈnɒm.ɪ.nəl/

Nominal

nominal; muy pequeño
Meaning
very small in size or amount; existing in name only
Example
He paid only a nominal fee for the membership since he was a student.
Él pagó solo una tarifa nominal por la membresía porque era estudiante.
C1 noun /ˈfæk.ʃən/

Faction

facción
Meaning
a small organized dissenting group within a larger one
Example
Different factions within the party disagreed about the new policy.
Diferentes facciones dentro del partido no estuvieron de acuerdo sobre la nueva política.
C1 noun /ˈfɛləni/

felony

delito grave
Meaning
a serious crime, usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year
Example
He was convicted of a felony and sentenced to ten years in prison.
Fue condenado por un delito grave y sentenciado a diez años de prisión.
C1 adjective ˈsɒvrɪn

sovereign

soberano, supremo
Meaning
Possessing supreme or ultimate power; independent.
Example
The sovereign government has control over its currency.
El gobierno soberano tiene control sobre su moneda.
C1 noun /ˌtɒləˈreɪʃən/

toleration

tolerancia
Meaning
The practice of allowing something that one does not necessarily agree with.
Example
The government promoted religious toleration.
El gobierno promovió la tolerancia religiosa.
C1 noun /əˌsaɪˈniː/

assignee

persona asignada
Meaning
a person to whom a right or property is legally transferred
Example
The assignee of the contract is responsible for all future obligations.
El asignado del contrato es responsable de todas las obligaciones futuras.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsɪd.ju.əs/

deciduous

deciduo
Meaning
Referring to trees that shed their leaves seasonally, typically in autumn.
Example
Oak and maple trees are deciduous, shedding leaves in autumn.
Los árboles de roble y arce son deciduos, perdiendo sus hojas en otoño.
C1 noun /ˈɔːrdɪnəns/

ordinance

ordenanza
Meaning
An authoritative rule, law, or decree issued by a city, town, or authority.
Example
The city council passed an ordinance banning smoking in public parks.
El consejo municipal aprobó una ordenanza que prohíbe fumar en los parques públicos.
C1 noun/verb /ˈsaɪ.fər/

cipher

cifrado
Meaning
A secret or disguised way of writing; a code; to put a message into secret writing.
Example
Military messages are protected using a cipher.
Los mensajes militares están protegidos mediante un cifrado.
C1 adjective /dɪˈsperɪŋ/

Despairing

desesperante
Meaning
feeling hopeless; in despair
Example
She felt despairing after losing her job.
Se sintió desesperante después de perder su trabajo.
C1 noun /speɪt/

spate

oleada
Meaning
a large number of things occurring in quick succession
Example
There has been a spate of robberies in the city.
Ha habido una oleada de robos en la ciudad.
C1 adjective /əˈkɪn/

akin

similar
Meaning
Of similar character or related by blood.
Example
His reaction was akin to shock.
Su reacción fue similar a un shock.
C1 noun স্ক্রোলিং অ্যাডিকশন

scrolling addiction

adicción al desplazamiento
Meaning
A compulsive need to continuously scroll through content on digital devices, particularly smartphones and social media platforms.
Example
Scrolling addiction is a growing concern among smartphone users.
La adicción al desplazamiento es una preocupación creciente entre los usuarios de teléfonos inteligentes.
C1 noun /sɪˈtɑːr/

Sitar

sitar
Meaning
a traditional Indian stringed musical instrument with a long neck and resonating body
Example
The sitar creates beautiful ragas in Indian classical music.
El sitar crea hermosos ragas en la música clásica india.
C1 adjective ɪnˈkʌm.bənt

incumbent

obligatorio
Meaning
necessary for (someone) as a duty or responsibility.
Example
It is incumbent upon all citizens to obey the law.
Es obligatorio para todos los ciudadanos obedecer la ley.
C1 noun /ˈiːkwɪnɒks/

equinox

equilibrio entre el día y la noche
Meaning
The time or date when day and night are of equal length, occurring twice a year.
Example
The spring equinox marks the beginning of longer days.
El equinoccio de primavera marca el comienzo de los días más largos.
C1 noun, verb /ˈfɜːrloʊ/

furlough

licencia temporal
Meaning
temporary leave of absence from work, especially that granted to an employee or soldier
Example
Many workers were placed on furlough during the crisis.
Muchos trabajadores fueron puestos en furlough durante la crisis.
C1 noun /təˈlɛpəθi/

telepathy

telepatía
Meaning
the supposed communication of thoughts or ideas by means other than the known senses
Example
The twins claimed to share telepathy with each other.
Los gemelos afirmaron compartir telepatía entre sí.
C1 noun ɪnˈdʌldʒəns

indulgence

indulgencia
Meaning
The practice of allowing oneself to enjoy the pleasure of something.
Example
His indulgence in junk food affected his health.
La indulgencia en la comida chatarra afecto su salud.
C1 noun /ɪmˌpɒsəˈbɪlɪti/

impossibility

imposibilidad
Meaning
the state or fact of being impossible; something that cannot be done or achieved
Example
Finishing the project in one day was an impossibility.
Terminar el proyecto en un día fue una imposibilidad.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnstənsi/

constancy

constancia
Meaning
the quality of being faithful and dependable
Example
Her constancy in friendship is admirable.
Su constancia en la amistad es admirable.
C1 adjective /ˌmɒnəˈlɪθɪk/

monolithic

monolítico
Meaning
Massive, uniform, and indivisible; resembling a large single stone or structure.
Example
The company maintained a monolithic structure resistant to change.
La compañía mantuvo una estructura monolítica resistente al cambio.
C1 noun /ˌrɛpəˈreɪʃən/

reparation

reparación
Meaning
the making of amends for a wrong done by paying money or helping those who were wronged
Example
The government offered reparations to the victims of the conflict.
El gobierno ofreció reparaciones a las víctimas del conflicto.
C1 noun /ˈkɒnsjʊlət/

consulate

consulado
Meaning
the building or office where a consul works
Example
He went to the consulate to renew his visa.
Él fue al consulado para renovar su visa.
C1 noun /ˈæspɪrənt/

aspirant

aspirante
Meaning
a person who seeks or hopes to achieve a position of honor or advancement
Example
She is an aspirant for the university's top scholarship.
Ella es una aspirante a la beca más alta de la universidad.
C1 noun /ˈwɪmzi/

whimsy

capricho
Meaning
playful or fanciful behavior or humor
Example
Her stories were full of whimsy and imagination.
Sus historias estaban llenas de capricho e imaginación.
C1 verb /bɒtʃ/

botch

estropear
Meaning
to carry out a task badly or carelessly
Example
He completely botched the repair job.
Él estropeó completamente el trabajo de reparación.
C1 noun /prəˈdʒɛktaɪl/

projectile

proyectil
Meaning
An object fired, thrown, or propelled, especially from a weapon.
Example
The soldier dodged the incoming projectile.
El soldado esquivó el proyectil que venía.
C1 adjective /ˈbleɪtənt/

blatant

flagrante
Meaning
done openly and unashamedly; obvious and offensive
Example
The company's blatant disregard for safety regulations angered the public.
La flagrante indiferencia de la empresa hacia las normas de seguridad enfureció al público.
C1 noun /fjuːd/

feud

disputa, enemistad
Meaning
a prolonged and bitter quarrel or conflict, often between families or groups
Example
The two families have been in a feud for generations.
Las dos familias han estado en una disputa durante generaciones.
C1 noun /ˈmæk.rəʊˌnjuː.tri.ənts/

macronutrients

macronutrientes
Meaning
Nutrients that are needed in large amounts to provide energy and building materials for the body, including carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.
Example
Proteins, fats, and carbohydrates are vital macronutrients.
Las proteínas, las grasas y los carbohidratos son macronutrientes vitales.
C1 noun /əˈrɪs.tə.kræt/

Aristocrat

aristócrata; persona de nobleza
Meaning
a member of the aristocracy; a person of noble rank or birth
Example
The aristocrat lived in a magnificent castle.
El aristócrata vivía en un castillo magnífico.
C1 adjective draʊt rɪˈzɪs.tənt

drought-resistant

resistente a la sequía
Meaning
Able to survive and grow despite limited water availability or drought conditions.
Example
Drought-resistant crops can survive in arid conditions.
Los cultivos resistentes a la sequía pueden sobrevivir en condiciones áridas.
C1 adjective /ˈɡrɪz.li/

grisly

espantoso
Meaning
causing horror or disgust
Example
The police discovered a grisly scene at the crime site.
La policía descubrió una escena espantosa en el lugar del crimen.
C1 noun /ˈtriːtɪs/

treatise

tratado
Meaning
a formal and systematic written work dealing with a subject in detail
Example
He wrote a treatise on modern economic theory.
Escribió un tratado sobre la teoría económica moderna.
C1 verb /diːˈkoʊd/

decode

decodificar
Meaning
to convert a coded message into a readable form; to interpret meaning
Example
The software can decode the hidden message within seconds.
El software puede decodificar el mensaje oculto en segundos.
C1 noun /nɪˈɡeɪʃən/

negation

negación
Meaning
The act of denying something; the contradiction or absence of something.
Example
The theory is built on the negation of traditional beliefs.
La teoría se basa en la negación de las creencias tradicionales.
C1 verb /səbˈvɜːrt/

subvert

subvertir
Meaning
to undermine or overthrow an established system, authority, or institution
Example
The rebels tried to subvert the government.
Los rebeldes intentaron subvertir el gobierno.
C1 adjective /ɔːˈtɒn.ə.məs/

autonomous

autónomo
Meaning
Acting independently or having the freedom to do so.
Example
Autonomous systems ensure greater precision.
Los sistemas autónomos garantizan mayor precisión.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈhɪbɪtɪd/

inhibited

inhibido
Meaning
Unable to act in a relaxed and natural way, especially due to self-consciousness or restraint.
Example
He was too inhibited to express his true feelings.
Él estaba demasiado inhibido para expresar sus verdaderos sentimientos.
C1 verb /bæsk/

bask

tomar el sol
Meaning
to lie in warmth and light; to enjoy something pleasurable
Example
The cat basks in the sunny window.
El gato toma el sol en la ventana soleada.
C1 adjective /prəˈfɛtɪk/

prophetic

profético
Meaning
accurately predicting or describing what will happen in the future
Example
His prophetic words came true after many years.
Sus palabras proféticas se hicieron realidad después de muchos años.
C1 noun /blæk sɔːlt/

Black Salt

sal negra
Meaning
a type of rock salt with a distinctive sulfuric flavor, commonly used in Indian cuisine
Example
Add a pinch of black salt to enhance the flavor of the fruit salad.
Agregue una pizca de sal negra para mejorar el sabor de la ensalada de frutas.
C1 noun /ˈnjuːtrɪənt dɪˈfɪʃənsi/

nutrient deficiency

deficiencia de nutrientes
Meaning
A lack of essential nutrients required for healthy plant growth, which can result in poor crop development, reduced yields, and increased susceptibility to diseases.
Example
Nutrient deficiency in the soil can reduce crop productivity.
La deficiencia de nutrientes en el suelo puede reducir la productividad de los cultivos.
C1 noun /ˈtɛmptər/

tempter

tentador
Meaning
a person or thing that entices someone into doing something wrong
Example
The tempter whispered false promises into his ear.
El tentador susurró falsas promesas en su oído.
C1 noun /ˈvʌl.tʃər/

Vulture

buitre
Meaning
a large bird of prey that feeds mainly on carrion
Example
The vulture circled overhead, waiting for its prey.
El buitre volaba en círculos sobre su cabeza, esperando su presa.
C1 verb /dɪsˈtrʌst/

distrust

desconfiar
Meaning
to have no confidence or trust in someone or something
Example
Many people distrust politicians.
Muchas personas desconfían de los políticos.
C1 noun /ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/

antecedent

antecedente
Meaning
something that came before; a previous event, condition, or cause
Example
The cultural antecedents of this festival go back centuries.
Los antecedentes culturales de este festival datan de siglos atrás.
C1 verb /ˌriːˈtʌtʃ/

retouch

retocar
Meaning
To improve or repair a picture, photograph, or image by making small changes.
Example
The photographer retouched the image to remove blemishes.
El fotógrafo retocó la imagen para eliminar manchas.
C1 noun /tiˈɑː.rə/

Tiara

tiara
Meaning
a jeweled ornamental crown worn on formal occasions
Example
The princess wore a sparkling diamond tiara at the royal ball.
La princesa llevó una tiara de diamantes brillantes en el baile real.
C1 noun /prɪˈzʌmp.ʃən/

Presumption

presunción; suposición;
Meaning
an idea that is taken to be true without proof
Example
There is a presumption of innocence in the legal system.
Hay una presunción de inocencia en el sistema legal.
C1 verb /proʊˈtruːd/

protrude

sobresalir
Meaning
To stick out or extend beyond a surface.
Example
A nail was protruding from the wooden board.
Un clavo sobresalía desde la tabla de madera.
C1 noun /ˈmænər/

manor

mansión
Meaning
A large country house with lands; the main house of an estate.
Example
The old manor stood proudly on the hill for centuries.
La vieja mansión se erguía orgullosa sobre la colina durante siglos.
C1 noun /ˈmɔːr.ɡɪʤ/

Mortgage

hipoteca
Meaning
a legal agreement by which a bank lends money to buy property
Example
They took out a mortgage to buy their first house.
Tomaron una hipoteca para comprar su primera casa.
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrpənˌtiːn/

serpentine

serpenteante
Meaning
Having the shape, movement, or qualities of a serpent; winding or twisting.
Example
The road took a serpentine path through the mountains.
El camino tomaba una ruta serpenteante a través de las montañas.
C1 verb /bɪˈɡɛt/

beget

engendrar / procrear
Meaning
to bring about or give rise to; to father or produce
Example
Violence begets more violence.
La violencia engendra más violencia.
C1 verb /dɪˈteɪn/

detain

detener
Meaning
to keep someone from proceeding; to hold back, especially by official authority
Example
The police detained the suspect for questioning.
La policía detuvo al sospechoso para interrogarlo.
C1 adjective, noun, verb /ˈtrɛbəl/

treble

triplicado, tono alto
Meaning
triple; consisting of three parts; high-pitched sound in music
Example
The company's profits trebled in just two years.
Las ganancias de la empresa se triplicaron en solo dos años.
C1 adjective /ɪˈniː.bri.eɪ.tɪd/

inebriated

ebrio
Meaning
under the influence of alcohol; drunk
Example
He stumbled into the room completely inebriated.
Entró en la habitación completamente ebrio.
C1 noun rɪˈfaɪnmənt

refinement

refinamiento
Meaning
The process of removing impurities or unwanted elements from a substance.
Example
His manners showed a refinement that made him stand out in any crowd.
Sus modales mostraron un refinamiento que lo hizo destacar en cualquier multitud.
C1 noun /ˌtɛrəˈdæktɪl/

pterodactyl

reptil volador extinto
Meaning
An extinct flying reptile of the Jurassic period, with a long slender head and wings formed by a membrane stretching along the body.
Example
The museum displayed a fossil of a giant pterodactyl.
El museo exhibió un fósil de un pterodáctilo gigante.
C1 verb /ˈpɛtrɪfaɪ/

petrify

petrificar
Meaning
to make someone so frightened that they are unable to move or think; to turn into stone
Example
The loud noise petrified the little child.
El ruido fuerte petrificó al niño pequeño.
C1 adjective /ˈsɜːrvɪsəbl/

serviceable

utilizable
Meaning
fit for use; usable; in working order
Example
The old bicycle is still serviceable despite its age.
La bicicleta vieja sigue siendo utilizable a pesar de su edad.
C1 noun /ˈrʌp.tʃər/

Rupture

ruptura; quiebre de relaciones
Meaning
breaking or bursting apart; breakdown of relations
Example
The rupture in the pipeline caused a massive oil spill.
La ruptura en la tubería causó un gran derrame de petróleo.
C1 noun /djuːn/

dune

duna
Meaning
A hill or ridge of sand formed by the wind, usually found in deserts or near beaches.
Example
The children played on the sand dune by the beach.
Los niños jugaban en la duna de arena junto a la playa.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.floʊ/

inflow

flujo
Meaning
The movement of things such as money, people, or water into a place.
Example
The inflow of tourists boosted the local economy.
El flujo de turistas impulsó la economía local.
C1 noun ˌæp.əˈreɪ.təs

apparatus

aparato
Meaning
The technical equipment or machinery needed for a particular activity or purpose.
Example
The apparatus was designed to be eco-friendly.
El aparato fue diseñado para ser ecológico.
C1 noun /ˈmɛm.breɪn/

membrane

membrana
Meaning
A thin layer of tissue or material that covers, separates, or connects structures.
Example
The cell membrane controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.
La membrana celular controla el movimiento de las sustancias dentro y fuera de la célula.
C1 noun /ˈhɑː.mə.nɪm/

homonym

homónimo
Meaning
A word that is spelled and pronounced like another word but has a different meaning.
Example
The word 'bat' is a homonym because it can mean an animal or a sports tool.
La palabra 'murciélago' es un homónimo porque puede significar un animal o una herramienta deportiva.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌl.ki/

Sulky

malhumorado y taciturno; temperamental
Meaning
bad-tempered and sullen; moody
Example
The child became sulky when he couldn't get his favorite toy.
El niño se puso malhumorado cuando no pudo conseguir su juguete favorito.
C1 noun /krɪpt/

crypt

cripta
Meaning
an underground chamber, especially one beneath a church, used as a burial place
Example
The tourists explored the ancient crypt beneath the cathedral.
Los turistas exploraron la antigua cripta debajo de la catedral.
C1 adjective /ˌpɜːrpənˈdɪkjələr/

perpendicular

perpendicular
Meaning
At an angle of 90 degrees to a given line, plane, or surface.
Example
The ladder was placed perpendicular to the ground for safety.
La escalera fue colocada perpendicular al suelo por seguridad.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪ.ə.ti/

deity

deidad
Meaning
a god or goddess
Example
The temple is dedicated to a Hindu deity.
El templo está dedicado a una deidad hindú.
C1 adjective /ˈblʌdləs/

bloodless

sin sangre
Meaning
without bloodshed; lacking violence or vitality
Example
The revolution was surprisingly bloodless.
La revolución fue sorprendentemente sin sangre.
C1 noun /pəˈfjuː.mər.i/

perfumery

industria de perfumes
Meaning
the art, business, or products of making perfumes
Example
She works in a perfumery that creates luxury scents.
Ella trabaja en una perfumería que crea aromas de lujo.
C1 verb ɪˈmɜːrs

immerse

sumergir
Meaning
To involve oneself deeply in a particular activity or interest; to surround completely.
Example
Immerse yourself in the new language.
Sumérgete en el nuevo idioma.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈkrɛdjələs/

incredulous

incrédulo
Meaning
unwilling or unable to believe something
Example
He gave her an incredulous look when she claimed she could fly.
Le lanzó una mirada incrédula cuando afirmó que podría volar.
C1 adjective /ˈtɛlˌteɪl/

telltale

delator
Meaning
Revealing something that is usually hidden; giving away a secret or clue.
Example
The telltale signs of fatigue were visible on his face.
Los signos delatores de fatiga eran visibles en su rostro.
C1 adjective /pəˈdæntɪk/

pedantic

excesivamente preocupado por los detalles menores o reglas
Meaning
Excessively concerned with minor details or rules; overly academic or bookish.
Example
Her pedantic explanations made the lecture dull.
Sus explicaciones pedantes hicieron que la conferencia fuera aburrida.
C1 adjective /ˈfɜːrtɪv/

furtive

furtivo
Meaning
Attempting to avoid notice or attention, typically because of guilt or a belief that discovery would lead to trouble.
Example
He cast a furtive glance at the door before leaving.
Él echó una mirada furtiva a la puerta antes de salir.
C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

desordenar, molestar
Meaning
to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone
Example
The wind ruffled her hair.
El viento desordenó su cabello.