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A2 verb /ʌpˈdeɪt/

update

actualizar
Meaning
to make something more modern or current; to provide new information
Example
Please update your software regularly.
Por favor, actualice su software regularmente.
B2 noun /bætʃ/

batch

una cantidad de elementos producidos o procesados a la vez
Meaning
a quantity of items produced or processed at one time
Example
She baked a fresh batch of cookies this morning.
Ella horneó un lote fresco de galletas esta mañana.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli/

extensively

extensivamente
Meaning
in a thorough or wide-ranging manner
Example
She traveled extensively across Europe for her research.
Ella viajó extensivamente por Europa para su investigación.
C2 adjective /kəˈpeɪ.ʃəs/

Capacious

espacioso; grande; amplio;
Meaning
having a lot of space inside; roomy and spacious
Example
The capacious hall can accommodate five hundred people.
El salón espacioso puede acomodar a quinientas personas.
B2 adjective /ˈbʌmpi/

Bumpy

irregular; lleno de baches
Meaning
having an uneven surface; rough; jolting
Example
The bumpy road made the car ride very uncomfortable.
La carretera bumpy hizo que el viaje en coche fuera muy incómodo.
C1 noun /bɒɡ/

bog

pantano
Meaning
an area of wet, spongy ground; a swamp or marsh
Example
The hikers got stuck in a bog.
Los excursionistas se quedaron atrapados en un pantano.
B2 noun /lʌŋ/

Lung

pulmón
Meaning
either of the two organs in the chest that you use for breathing
Example
Smoking can cause serious damage to your lungs.
Fumar puede causar daños graves a tus pulmones.
B1 adjective /ˈfrʌstreɪtɪŋ/

frustrating

frustrante
Meaning
causing annoyance or dissatisfaction
Example
The slow internet connection was really frustrating.
La conexión de internet lenta fue realmente frustrante.
C1 adjective /prəˈlɪf.ɪk/

prolific

prolífico
Meaning
Present in large numbers or quantities; plentiful; producing many works, results, or offspring.
Example
The author is prolific, having written over 30 books.
El autor es prolífico, ha escrito más de 30 libros.
C1 noun /ˈmɛrɪɡoʊld/

Marigold

caléndula
Meaning
a bright orange or yellow flower of the daisy family, often used in gardens and ceremonies
Example
The vibrant marigold flowers added a splash of color to the festival decorations.
Las vibrantes flores de caléndula añadieron un toque de color a las decoraciones del festival.
B2 adjective, noun /ˈɛəriəl/

aerial

aéreo / antena
Meaning
As an adjective: existing or happening in the air. As a noun: an antenna for receiving radio or television signals.
Example
The pilot performed an amazing aerial maneuver.
El piloto realizó una increíble maniobra aérea.
B2 adjective /ˌtɛrɪˈtɔːriəl/

territorial

territorial
Meaning
Relating to the ownership or control of land or territory.
Example
The two countries had a territorial dispute over the island.
Los dos países tuvieron una disputa territorial sobre la isla.
C1 adjective /ˈɜːrksəm/

irksome

molesto
Meaning
annoying or irritating
Example
Waiting in a long line is one of the most irksome tasks.
Esperar en una larga fila es una de las tareas más molestas.
B2 verb /ˈkɒmprəmaɪz/

compromise

comprometer
Meaning
To expose or make vulnerable to danger, suspicion, or disrepute.
Example
Excessive sharing can compromise your privacy.
Compartir en exceso puede comprometer tu privacidad.
C1 adjective /ˌəʊ.vərˈɑː.tʃɪŋ/

overarching

global, abarcante, integral
Meaning
Comprehensive or all-embracing; forming an arch over something.
Example
The overarching theme of the book is human resilience.
El tema global del libro es la resistencia humana.
C2 verb /ˌriːkruːˈdɛs/

recrudesce

recrudecer
Meaning
to break out or appear again after a period of dormancy or decline
Example
After months of calm, violence recrudesced in the region.
Después de meses de calma, la violencia recrudeció en la región.
B2 noun /kəˈkeɪn/

cocaine

cocaína (una droga)
Meaning
a powerful and addictive illegal drug made from coca leaves
Example
He was arrested for possessing cocaine.
Fue arrestado por poseer cocaína.
B2 noun /ˈkjuː.bɪ.kəl/

cubicle

cubículo
Meaning
A small partitioned-off area of a room, typically in an office.
Example
She works in a cubicle with three other colleagues.
Ella trabaja en un cubículo con tres compañeros de trabajo.
B2 noun /ˈvæmpaɪər/

vampire

felicidad
Meaning
a mythical creature that sucks blood from the living; metaphorically, a person who exploits others
Example
In folklore, a vampire rises at night to drink human blood.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B1 adverb /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

Absolutely

totalmente; completamente; sin excepción
Meaning
completely; totally; without exception
Example
I absolutely agree with your decision.
Estoy completamente de acuerdo con tu decisión.
A2 noun, verb /ˈriːzən/

reason

razón, motivo
Meaning
A cause, explanation, or justification for an action or event; to think or argue logically.
Example
There is no reason to be upset.
No hay razón para estar molesto.
B2 noun /əkˈnɒlɪdʒmənt/

acknowledgment

reconocimiento
Meaning
the act of accepting, admitting, or recognizing something
Example
He received an acknowledgment of his application.
Él recibió un reconocimiento por su solicitud.
B2 noun /hʌt/

hut

choza
Meaning
a small simple shelter or house
Example
They lived in a small wooden hut near the river.
Vivían en una pequeña choza de madera cerca del río.
C1 noun ˈhaɪ.drə.dʒən ˈpaʊ.əd bʌsɪz

hydrogen-powered buses

autobuses impulsados por hidrógeno
Meaning
Buses powered by hydrogen fuel cells that produce only water vapor as emission.
Example
Hydrogen-powered buses reduce air pollution.
Los autobuses impulsados por hidrógeno reducen la contaminación del aire.
B1 noun /ˈlɪsənər/

listener

oyente
Meaning
a person who listens or pays attention to something, especially to a speaker or sound.
Example
She is a good listener who always understands others' problems.
Ella es una buena oyente que siempre entiende los problemas de los demás.
B2 noun, verb /nɜːrv/

nerve

nervio; coraje
Meaning
A bundle of fibers in the body that transmits signals between the brain and other parts; also courage or audacity.
Example
She gathered the nerve to speak in front of the large audience.
Ella reunió el valor para hablar frente a la gran audiencia.
B2 verb /dɪˈstɔːrt/

distort

distorsionar
Meaning
to twist or change the shape, appearance, or meaning of something so it is not true or accurate
Example
The mirror distorted her reflection.
El espejo distorsionó su reflejo.
B2 noun /ˈɡræfɪks/

graphics

gráficos
Meaning
visual images, designs, or drawings used to convey information or artistic expression
Example
The website uses stunning graphics to attract visitors.
El sitio web utiliza gráficos impresionantes para atraer visitantes.
C2 noun /ˈkruːɪt/

cruet

pequeño recipiente
Meaning
a small container, especially for salt, pepper, oil, or vinegar, used at a dining table
Example
She filled the cruet with olive oil for the salad.
Ella llenó el cruet con aceite de oliva para la ensalada.
A2 noun /reɪt/

rate

tarifa
Meaning
the cost or price of something, or the amount at which something happens
Example
The rate of inflation is increasing every year.
La tasa de inflación está aumentando cada año.
B2 noun /ˈfræɡ.mənt/

Fragment

fragmento; trozo;
Meaning
a small part broken or separated off something; an incomplete or isolated portion
Example
Archaeologists found fragments of ancient pottery buried in the soil.
Los arqueólogos encontraron fragmentos de cerámica antigua enterrados en el suelo.
C2 noun /ˌkɒl.əˈneɪd/

colonnade

columnata
Meaning
A row of evenly spaced columns supporting a roof, often in classical architecture.
Example
The visitors admired the grand colonnade at the entrance of the temple.
Los visitantes admiraron la gran columnata en la entrada del templo.
B2 adjective /veɪn/

Vain

vanidoso; inútil
Meaning
having excessive pride in one's appearance; futile or unsuccessful
Example
She spent hours in front of the mirror being quite vain.
Ella pasó horas frente al espejo siendo bastante vanidosa.
C2 noun /ˈæpəˌθɛm/

apothegm

máxima, dicho
Meaning
A short, witty, and instructive saying or maxim.
Example
His speech was filled with apothegms about life and success.
Su discurso estaba lleno de máximas sobre la vida y el éxito.
C1 adjective /ˈpɜːrsənəbl/

personable

agradable
Meaning
having a pleasant appearance and manner; attractive and friendly
Example
The new teacher is very personable and easy to talk to.
El nuevo maestro es muy agradable y fácil de hablar.
C1 adverb /ˈɪnwərdli/

inwardly

por dentro
Meaning
In the mind or spirit; not outwardly visible.
Example
She smiled outwardly but inwardly she was worried.
Ella sonrió por fuera, pero por dentro estaba preocupada.
B1 noun /ˈkwɒl.ɪ.ti taɪm/

quality time

tiempo de calidad
Meaning
Time spent giving someone your full attention in order to strengthen your relationship with them.
Example
Spending quality time with family enhances relationships.
Pasar tiempo de calidad con la familia mejora las relaciones.
B2 verb /koʊp/

cope

hacer frente a
Meaning
to deal effectively with something difficult
Example
She had to cope with a lot of pressure at work.
Ella tuvo que hacer frente a mucha presión en el trabajo.
C1 verb /ˈteɪpər/

taper

afinar
Meaning
To gradually decrease in width, thickness, or intensity.
Example
The road tapers off as it reaches the mountains.
La carretera se estrecha a medida que llega a las montañas.
A2 adverb /ɪˈspeʃəli/

Especially

especialmente; particularmente; sobre todo
Meaning
particularly; in particular; above all
Example
I love all fruits, especially mangoes.
Me gustan todas las frutas, especialmente los mangos.
C2 noun /ˈvoʊtəri/

votary

devoto
Meaning
A devoted follower or admirer of someone or something.
Example
He is a votary of classical music and attends every concert.
Él es un devoto de la música clásica y asiste a cada concierto.
B1 adverb /ˈɔːfəli/

awfully

terriblemente
Meaning
in a very great degree; extremely; in a way that is very bad or unpleasant
Example
I am awfully glad to see you again.
Estoy terriblemente contento de verte otra vez.
B2 noun kəˈmɪʃ.ən

commission

comisión
Meaning
An official group of people entrusted by a government with a particular function.
Example
The commission recommends constitutional reforms.
La comisión recomienda reformas constitucionales.
C2 adjective /ɪkˌstɛmpəˈreɪniəs/

extemporaneous

hecho sin preparación
Meaning
Spoken or done without preparation.
Example
He gave an extemporaneous speech at the meeting.
Él dio un discurso extemporáneo en la reunión.
B2 adjective /ˈlɪt.ər.ət/

Literate

alfabetizado; educado; bien educado
Meaning
able to read and write; educated; well-educated
Example
She is a very literate person who reads extensively.
Ella es una persona muy alfabetizada que lee extensamente.
C2 noun /ˈlʊŋ.gi/

Lungi

lungi
Meaning
a traditional garment worn around the waist in South Asia
Example
He wore a comfortable lungi while relaxing at home.
Llevaba un cómodo lungi mientras descansaba en casa.
B2 verb /ˈvæksɪneɪt/

vaccinate

vacunar
Meaning
to give a vaccine to protect against a disease
Example
Children are usually vaccinated before starting school.
Los niños generalmente son vacunados antes de comenzar la escuela.
B2 adjective /ɪmˈper.ə.tɪv/

imperative

imperativo
Meaning
Of vital importance; crucial; giving or expressing a command.
Example
It is imperative to address the climate crisis immediately.
Es imperativo abordar la crisis climática de inmediato.
A2 noun; gerund /ˈwɒʃɪŋ/

washing

lavado
Meaning
the act of cleaning with water or other liquid; clothes or items that are being washed
Example
Washing clothes regularly helps maintain hygiene.
Lavar la ropa con regularidad ayuda a mantener la higiene.
B2 noun /mɪnt/

Mint

menta; casa de la moneda
Meaning
An aromatic plant used for flavoring; also a place where money is manufactured
Example
She added fresh mint leaves to the tea for a refreshing taste.
Ella agregó hojas frescas de menta al té para un sabor refrescante.
C1 noun ɪˌməʊ.ʃəˈnæl.ɪ.ti

emotionality

emocionalidad
Meaning
The quality of being driven by emotions rather than reason; emotional responsiveness.
Example
His emotionality often influenced his decisions.
Su emocionalidad a menudo influía en sus decisiones.
C1 adjective /kəmˈplaɪənt/

compliant

conforme
Meaning
Willing to agree with or follow rules, requests, or demands.
Example
She was compliant with all the safety requirements.
Ella estaba conforme con todos los requisitos de seguridad.
C1 adjective /ˌtɒpsi ˈtɜːvi/

topsy-turvy

desordenado
Meaning
in a state of confusion, disorder, or upside down
Example
The sudden announcement left the office in a topsy-turvy state.
El anuncio repentino dejó la oficina en un estado completamente desordenado.
C1 verb /mɔːl/

maul

mutilar
Meaning
To wound or injure someone by scratching or tearing; to handle roughly.
Example
The bear mauled the camper in the forest.
El oso mutiló al campista en el bosque.
B2 noun /ˈheɪ.trəd/

Hatred

odio
Meaning
intense dislike or ill will; a feeling of strong aversion
Example
His hatred for injustice motivated him to become a human rights lawyer.
Su odio por la injusticia lo motivó a convertirse en abogado de derechos humanos.
B2 noun /ˈdʒes.tʃər/

Gesture

gesto
Meaning
a movement of part of the body, especially a hand or the head, to express an idea or meaning
Example
She made a welcoming gesture with her hands to invite the guests inside.
Ella hizo un gesto de bienvenida con las manos para invitar a los invitados a entrar.
C1 noun /ˈdɛmənˌstreɪtər/

demonstrator

demostrador, manifestante
Meaning
a person who shows how something works or takes part in a public protest
Example
The demonstrators marched peacefully through the city streets.
Los manifestantes marcharon pacíficamente por las calles de la ciudad.
A2 noun /hɒt drɪŋk/

Hot-drink

bebida caliente
Meaning
a warm or heated beverage consumed for refreshment or comfort
Example
I prefer a hot drink like tea or coffee in the morning.
Prefiero una bebida caliente como té o café por la mañana.
C1 verb /ɪmˈpiːtʃ/

impeach

impeachar
Meaning
To charge a public official with misconduct while in office.
Example
The parliament voted to impeach the president.
El parlamento votó para impugnar al presidente.
A1 adjective /ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/

excited

emocionado
Meaning
very enthusiastic and eager about something
Example
The children were excited to open their presents.
Los niños estaban emocionados por abrir sus regalos.
B2 verb /ɡriːv/

grieve

afligirse
Meaning
To feel or cause deep sorrow, especially due to someone's death.
Example
She continues to grieve the loss of her best friend.
Ella continúa de luto por la pérdida de su mejor amiga.
A2 noun /ˈmærɪdʒ/

marriage

felicidad
Meaning
The legally or formally recognized union of two people as partners in a personal relationship.
Example
Their marriage lasted for over thirty years.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B2 noun, verb /steɪk/

stake

participación, riesgo
Meaning
A share or interest in a business or venture; to risk or support something of value.
Example
He has a major stake in the new company.
Él tiene una participación importante en la nueva empresa.
B1 verb /kənˈsɪst/

consist

consistir
Meaning
to be made up or composed of certain parts or elements
Example
The committee consists of five members.
El comité consiste en cinco miembros.
C1 noun /fɪlθ/

filth

suciedad
Meaning
dirty or disgusting matter; moral corruption
Example
The streets were full of filth after the storm.
Las calles estaban llenas de suciedad después de la tormenta.
B2 noun /kənˈtroʊlər/

controller

controlador
Meaning
a person or device that manages, directs, or regulates something
Example
The game controller made it easy to play the video game.
El controlador de juegos facilitó jugar el videojuego.
C2 adjective /ˈek.wə.bəl/

Equable

ecuánime
Meaning
calm and even-tempered; not easily disturbed
Example
He maintained an equable temperament throughout the crisis.
Él mantuvo un temperamento ecuánime durante la crisis.
A2 verb /ˈmɪsɪŋ/

missing

desaparecido
Meaning
Being without or lacking; failing to be present or included.
Example
Many youths are missing economic opportunities.
Muchos jóvenes están perdiendo oportunidades económicas.
A2 adjective /ˈhɛl.θi/

healthy

saludable
Meaning
Good physical and mental condition, free from disease or illness.
Example
Regular exercise and a balanced diet keep the body healthy.
El ejercicio regular y una dieta equilibrada mantienen el cuerpo saludable.
B1 noun /ɪkˈspres treɪn/

Express Train

tren expreso
Meaning
a fast train that travels between major stations with few or no intermediate stops
Example
The express train reached the destination in half the usual time.
El tren expreso llegó a su destino en la mitad del tiempo habitual.
C2 adjective /ɔːˈɡʌst/

august

augusto
Meaning
Respected and impressive; inspiring reverence or admiration.
Example
The king entered the hall with an august presence.
El rey entró al salón con una presencia augusto.
C1 noun /twɪndʒ/

twinge

dolor agudo
Meaning
a sudden, sharp pain or an emotional pang
Example
He felt a twinge of guilt after lying to his friend.
Sintió un dolor agudo de culpa después de mentirle a su amigo.
C1 adjective /dɪˈstrɔːt/

distraught

desconcertado
Meaning
extremely upset and anxious, often to the point of being unable to think clearly
Example
She was distraught after losing her pet.
Ella estaba desconcertada después de perder su mascota.
C2 adjective /ˈpɪrɪk/

pyrrhic

victoria pírrica
Meaning
A victory won at such a great cost that it is almost equivalent to defeat.
Example
The general declared the battle a pyrrhic victory due to heavy losses.
El general declaró la batalla una victoria pírrica debido a las grandes pérdidas.
B1 adverb /ˈrel.ə.tɪv.li/

Relatively

relativamente
Meaning
in comparison to something else; quite; fairly
Example
The weather is relatively warm today.
El clima está relativamente cálido hoy.
B2 adjective /kəmˈpoʊzd/

composed

sereno
Meaning
calm and in control of oneself; made up of or formed from
Example
He remained composed even under pressure.
Él permaneció sereno incluso bajo presión.
B2 adjective /ˈpɛti/

petty

insignificante
Meaning
Of little importance or trivial; also describes a person overly concerned with small or unimportant matters.
Example
She often gets upset over the most petty things.
A menudo se molesta por las cosas más insignificantes.
C2 noun /ˌdeɪnuːˈmɒ̃/

denouement

desenlace
Meaning
The final resolution or conclusion of a story, drama, or complicated situation.
Example
The novel's denouement was both surprising and satisfying.
El desenlace de la novela fue tanto sorprendente como satisfactorio.
B2 noun /ˈkrɪstəl/

crystal

cristal
Meaning
a clear, transparent mineral or glass that forms a solid structure with regular patterns
Example
She wore a necklace made of sparkling crystal.
Ella llevaba un collar hecho de cristal brillante.
C1 noun /ˌɪn.trəˈvɜːr.ʒən/

introversion

introversión
Meaning
The tendency to be inward-looking and shy, preferring solitary activities.
Example
Her introversion made it difficult for her to enjoy large parties.
Su introversión le dificultaba disfrutar de las grandes fiestas.
B2 noun ˈkæp.sjuːl

capsule

Cápsula. Un pequeño estuche soluble de gelatina que contiene una dosis de medicina, que se traga entero.
Meaning
A small soluble case of gelatin containing a dose of medicine, swallowed whole.
Example
Capsules contain controlled environments.
Las cápsulas contienen ambientes controlados.
C1 adjective /ˈtɜːrbjələnt/

turbulent

turbulento
Meaning
Characterized by conflict, disorder, or confusion; not stable or calm.
Example
The country went through a turbulent period of political change.
El país pasó por un período turbulento de cambio político.
C2 noun /əˌɡlɒməˈreɪʃən/

agglomeration

aglomeración
Meaning
A mass or collection of things, sometimes clustered together.
Example
The city is an agglomeration of diverse cultures and communities.
La ciudad es una aglomeración de diversas culturas y comunidades.
B2 noun /ˈraɪvəlri/

Rivalry

rivalidad; competencia
Meaning
competition for the same objective or for superiority in the same field; the state of being rivals
Example
The rivalry between the two teams made the match exciting.
La rivalidad entre los dos equipos hizo que el partido fuera emocionante.
C1 adjective /ˈræmpənt/

rampant

rampante
Meaning
existing or spreading unchecked, often in an undesirable way
Example
Corruption was rampant in the city administration.
La corrupción estaba rampante en la administración de la ciudad.
C1 adjective /ɪkˈstɛnjueɪtɪŋ/

extenuating

atenuante
Meaning
serving to make a fault or an offense seem less serious
Example
She asked for leniency due to extenuating circumstances.
Ella pidió indulgencia debido a las circunstancias atenuantes.
B1 noun /ˈhev.ən/

Heaven

cielo
Meaning
a place regarded in various religions as the abode of God and the angels; a place of eternal happiness
Example
Many people believe that good souls go to heaven after they pass away from this world.
Muchas personas creen que las buenas almas van al cielo despues de que pasan de este mundo.
A2 noun /ˈtrævələr/

traveller

viajero
Meaning
A person who is on a journey or frequently travels to different places.
Example
The traveller set out early in the morning to explore new lands.
El viajero salió temprano por la mañana para explorar nuevas tierras.
A2 adjective /ɡreɪ/

Grey

gris
Meaning
having a color between black and white
Example
The grey clouds indicated that rain was coming.
Las nubes grises indicaron que la lluvia venía.
B2 noun/verb /hɜːrd/

herd

rebaño
Meaning
a large group of animals of the same type that live and feed together; or to gather animals into a group.
Example
The shepherd herded the sheep into the pen.
El pastor llevó las ovejas al corral.
C1 verb /kənˈspaɪər/

conspire

conspirar
Meaning
to secretly plan with others to do something harmful or illegal
Example
They conspired to overthrow the government.
Ellos conspiraron para derrocar al gobierno.
C1 adjective /ˈreɪ.kɪʃ/

Rakish

despreocupado
Meaning
having a dashing, jaunty, or slightly disreputable quality or appearance
Example
He wore his hat at a rakish angle that gave him a charming appearance.
Él llevaba su sombrero en un ángulo despreocupado que le daba una apariencia encantadora.
B2 verb /ɪnˈkaʊntər/

encounter

encontrar / enfrentarse a
Meaning
to unexpectedly meet someone or experience something, especially something difficult or new
Example
During the hike, we encountered a wild bear.
Durante la caminata, nos encontramos con un oso salvaje.
C2 noun /ˈprɛlət/

prelate

miembro de alto rango del clero
Meaning
A high-ranking member of the clergy, especially a bishop or abbot.
Example
The prelate delivered a sermon to the congregation.
El prelado dio un sermón a la congregación.
B2 noun /ˌhɪp.əˈpɒt.ə.məs/

Hippopotamus

hipopótamo
Meaning
a large, mostly herbivorous mammal that lives in and around water in Africa
Example
The hippopotamus spends most of its day in the water.
El hipopótamo pasa la mayor parte de su día en el agua.
B1 noun /kəˌmjunɪˈkeɪʃən/

communication

comunicación
Meaning
The act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviors to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc.
Example
Effective communication is crucial for any successful project.
La comunicación efectiva es crucial para cualquier proyecto exitoso.
C2 verb /sleɪk/

slake

calmar la sed
Meaning
To satisfy thirst or desire.
Example
She drank cold water to slake her thirst.
Ella bebió agua fría para calmar su sed.
C2 adjective /əˈkjuː.zəˌtɔːr.i/

accusatory

acusatorio
Meaning
Suggesting blame or indicating someone has done wrong.
Example
He gave her an accusatory glance.
Él le dio una mirada acusatoria.
B2 noun/verb /bruːz/

bruise

moretón / contusión
Meaning
As a noun: an injury appearing as a purple or blue mark on the skin; As a verb: to injure without breaking the skin
Example
He got a bruise on his arm after falling.
Él consiguió un moretón en su brazo después de caerse.
C1 adjective /ˈsiː.di/

Seedy

lleno de semillas; sucio y despreciable; en mal estado
Meaning
squalid and disreputable; shabby and run-down; full of seeds
Example
They avoided walking through the seedy part of town at night.
Ellos evitaban caminar por la parte sucia y despreciable de la ciudad por la noche.
C2 adjective /ˌnɒnkəˈmɪtl̩/

noncommittal

reticente
Meaning
Not expressing or showing a clear opinion, decision, or commitment.
Example
She gave a noncommittal reply when asked about her future plans.
Ella dio una respuesta reticente cuando se le preguntó sobre sus planes futuros.
B2 verb /straɪd/

stride

caminar con pasos largos y decisivos; hacer progresos
Meaning
to walk with long, decisive steps; to make progress
Example
She strode confidently across the stage.
Ella caminó con confianza por el escenario.
C2 noun /dʒuːt/

jute

yute
Meaning
a long, soft, shiny plant fiber used to make rope, bags, sacks, and coarse cloth
Example
Jute is widely used to make eco-friendly bags and ropes.
El yute se utiliza para fabricar bolsas y cuerdas.
A2 adjective /ˈsʌn.i/

Sunny

soleado; optimista
Meaning
bright with sunlight; cheerful and optimistic
Example
It's a beautiful sunny day perfect for a picnic.
Es un hermoso día soleado, perfecto para un picnic.
C1 noun /ˈfæk.ʃən/

Faction

facción
Meaning
a small organized dissenting group within a larger one
Example
Different factions within the party disagreed about the new policy.
Diferentes facciones dentro del partido no estuvieron de acuerdo sobre la nueva política.
C2 adverb /ˈɡeɪmli/

gamely

valientemente
Meaning
in a brave, spirited, or determined manner
Example
She gamely accepted the challenge despite the difficulties.
Ella aceptó valientemente el desafío a pesar de las dificultades.
C1 adjective /ˈlɑːpˌsaɪdɪd/

lopsided

desigual, torcido
Meaning
with one side lower, larger, or different from the other; uneven or imbalanced
Example
The cake looked lopsided after being decorated in a hurry.
El pastel se veía desigual después de ser decorado rápidamente.
B1 noun /ˈwɜːrkʃɒp/

workshop

taller
Meaning
a room or building where people engage in work or creative activities
Example
The workshop focused on improving technical skills for young professionals.
El taller se centró en mejorar las habilidades técnicas para jóvenes profesionales.
B2 noun /dʒet/

Jet

avión a chorro
Meaning
a rapid stream of liquid, gas, or flame; an aircraft powered by jet engines
Example
The jet took off smoothly and reached cruising altitude quickly.
El jet despegó suavemente y alcanzó rápidamente la altitud de crucero.
C1 verb ɪˈluː.sɪ.deɪt

elucidate

elucidar, aclarar
Meaning
make (something) clear; explain.
Example
The professor elucidated the theory with simple examples.
El profesor elucidó la teoría con ejemplos sencillos.
C1 noun /ˈstjuːpər/

stupor

estupor
Meaning
a state of near-unconsciousness or insensibility
Example
He remained in a stupor after hearing the shocking news.
Él permaneció en un estupor después de escuchar la noticia impactante.
A2 noun /ˈsen.tʃər.i/

Century

siglo; centuria
Meaning
a period of one hundred years; a score of one hundred in cricket
Example
The ancient castle has stood for more than five centuries.
El antiguo castillo ha estado en pie durante más de cinco siglos.
C1 adjective /ˌeɪθiˈɪstɪk/

atheistic

ateísta
Meaning
Relating to or characteristic of atheists or atheism.
Example
She grew up in an atheistic household with no religious rituals.
Ella creció en un hogar ateo sin rituales religiosos.
B2 noun rɪˈpʌb.lɪk

republic

república
Meaning
A state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, with an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.
Example
A republic is governed by representatives of the people.
Una república es gobernada por los representantes del pueblo.
B1 adjective əkˈsep.tɪd

accepted

aceptado
Meaning
Generally believed or recognized to be valid or correct.
Example
The accepted terms were discussed in detail.
Los términos aceptados fueron discutidos en detalle.
B2 noun /ˈset.əl.mənt/

Settlement

asentamiento; acuerdo
Meaning
a place where people establish a community; an agreement that ends a dispute
Example
The early settlement was built near the river for easy access to water.
El primer asentamiento fue construido cerca del río para un acceso fácil al agua.
C1 adjective /ˈtʃɛk.ərd/

checkered

a cuadros
Meaning
Having a pattern of alternating squares of different colors; also describing a past full of ups and downs or varied experiences.
Example
He had a checkered career with many highs and lows.
Él tuvo una carrera a cuadros con muchos altibajos.
C1 noun ˌflʌk.tʃuˈeɪ.ʃən

fluctuation

fluctuación
Meaning
An irregular rising and falling in number or amount; a variation.
Example
The stock market experiences frequent fluctuation.
El mercado de valores experimenta frecuentes fluctuaciones.
A2 noun /ˈaɪ.lənd/

Island

isla
Meaning
a piece of land completely surrounded by water
Example
We visited a beautiful island during our vacation.
Visitamos una hermosa isla durante nuestras vacaciones.
B2 verb /dʌmp/

dump

dejar caer o desechar algo descuidadamente
Meaning
to drop or dispose of something carelessly; to end a relationship suddenly
Example
He dumped all the trash into the bin.
Él tiró toda la basura en el bote.
C1 noun ˈkiː.stəʊn ˈspiː.ʃiːz

keystone species

especie clave
Meaning
A species on which other species in an ecosystem largely depend, such that if it were removed the ecosystem would change drastically.
Example
Wolves are a keystone species that regulate prey populations.
Los lobos son una especie clave que regula las poblaciones de presas.