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B2 adjective /ʌnˈnætʃərəl/

Unnatural

antinatural
Meaning
not existing in nature; artificial; forced
Example
The actor's smile looked unnatural and forced.
La sonrisa del actor parecía antinatural y forzada.
B2 adjective /ˈneɪvəl/

naval

naval
Meaning
relating to a country's navy or military ships
Example
The country invested heavily in naval defense.
El país invirtió fuertemente en defensa naval.
C2 noun /ˈkæbəˌlɪzəm/

cabalism

cabalismo
Meaning
The doctrines, practices, or secretive dealings of a cabal.
Example
The historian wrote extensively about cabalism in the royal court.
El historiador escribió extensamente sobre el cabalismo en la corte real.
B2 adjective /ɪnˈfɪə.ri.ər/

inferior

inferior
Meaning
Of lower quality, rank, or status.
Example
This material is inferior to the one we used before.
Este material es inferior al que usamos antes.
B2 verb /ˈvɒmɪt/

vomit

vomitar
Meaning
to bring up food from the stomach through the mouth; to be sick
Example
The patient began to vomit after taking the medication.
El paciente comenzó a vomitar después de tomar el medicamento.
B2 adverb /ˈhev.ɪ.li/

Heavily

fuertemente; intensamente
Meaning
with great weight; to a great degree; intensely
Example
It rained heavily throughout the night.
Llovió fuertemente durante toda la noche.
B2 noun /ˌpiːdiəˈtrɪʃən/

pediatrician

pediatra
Meaning
a doctor who specializes in the medical care of children
Example
The pediatrician examined the child carefully.
El pediatra examinó al niño cuidadosamente.
C1 adjective /ɒmˈnɪv.ər.əs/

Omnivorous

omnívoro
Meaning
eating both plants and animals; feeding on various kinds of food
Example
Bears are omnivorous animals that eat both plants and meat.
Los osos son animales omnívoros que comen tanto plantas como carne.
C1 verb /ɪnˈsjuː/

ensue

suceder
Meaning
to happen as a result or consequence
Example
After the argument, silence ensued.
Después de la discusión, el silencio sucedió.
B2 verb /əˈstɒnɪʃ/

astonish

asombrar
Meaning
to surprise someone greatly; to fill with sudden wonder or amazement
Example
The magician’s final trick astonished the entire audience.
El truco final del mago asombró a todo el público.
C1 noun /slɪt/

Slit

rendija
Meaning
a long narrow opening or cut
Example
There was a small slit in the fabric.
Había una pequeña rendija en la tela.
A1 verb /kʌt/

cut

cortar
Meaning
to divide or separate with a sharp tool
Example
I cut the paper with scissors.
Corté el papel con tijeras.
C1 noun /ˈmɒn.ɑːk/

Monarch

monarca
Meaning
a sovereign ruler, especially a king or queen
Example
The monarch addressed the nation on television.
El monarca dirigió la nación en la televisión.
B2 noun ɪnˈsɛntɪvz

incentives

incentivos
Meaning
Things that motivate or encourage one to do something.
Example
Tax incentives are used to encourage investment in renewable energy.
Se utilizan incentivos fiscales para fomentar la inversión en energía renovable.
C2 noun /bænˈdænə/

bandanna

pañuelo grande y colorido
Meaning
A large, often brightly colored handkerchief, typically worn on the head or around the neck.
Example
He tied a red bandanna around his neck.
Se ató un pañuelo rojo alrededor del cuello.
C1 verb /ˈdrɪbəl/

dribble

goteo / driblar el balón con pequeños toques
Meaning
to let liquid flow slowly in drops or to move a ball skillfully with repeated small kicks or bounces
Example
The baby dribbled milk on his shirt.
El bebé derramó leche sobre su camisa.
A2 noun /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/

conversation

conversación
Meaning
an informal talk between two or more people, in which ideas, feelings, and thoughts are exchanged
Example
We had a long conversation about future plans.
Tuvimos una larga conversación sobre los planes futuros.
C2 noun /ˈbrɪmˌstoʊn/

brimstone

azufre
Meaning
Sulfur, especially when considered as fiery and associated with hell or divine punishment.
Example
The preacher spoke of fire and brimstone to warn the congregation.
El predicador habló de fuego y azufre para advertir a la congregación.
C2 adjective /ˈdæpər/

dapper

elegante y bien vestido
Meaning
Neat, stylish, and well-dressed in appearance.
Example
He looked very dapper in his new suit.
Él se veía muy elegante con su nuevo traje.
B1 adverb /səkˈsɛsfəli/

successfully

exitosamente
Meaning
in a way that achieves a desired result
Example
She passed the exam successfully after weeks of studying.
Ella aprobó el examen con éxito después de semanas de estudio.
C2 noun /ˈoʊvərlɔːrd/

overlord

señor
Meaning
A ruler, master, or person of great power and authority over others.
Example
The peasants were forced to pay taxes to their overlord.
Los campesinos fueron obligados a pagar impuestos a su señor.
C1 noun /ˈkɑːrdəməm/

Cardamom

cardamomo
Meaning
aromatic seeds from a plant in the ginger family, used as a spice
Example
The recipe calls for a pinch of ground cardamom.
La receta requiere un poco de cardamomo molido.
A2 noun /nɔɪz/

Noise

ruido
Meaning
a sound, especially one that is loud or unpleasant
Example
The noise from the construction site was very disturbing.
El ruido del sitio de construcción era muy molesto.
A1 noun /bɜːrd/

bird

pájaro
Meaning
a warm-blooded animal with feathers and wings that usually lays eggs and can often fly
Example
A bird was singing on the tree branch.
Un pájaro estaba cantando en la rama del árbol.
B1 verb /spaɪ/

spy

espía
Meaning
to secretly collect information about a person, group, or country
Example
He was caught spying on his neighbor through the window.
Lo atraparon espiando a su vecino a través de la ventana.
C1 adverb /ˈeɪ.mi.ə.bli/

Amiably

amistosamente, de manera amistosa
Meaning
in a friendly and pleasant manner
Example
They discussed the issue amiably without any arguments.
Ellos discutieron el tema amigablemente sin discusiones.
C2 noun /ɪnˈtɛmpərəns/

intemperance

intemperancia
Meaning
Lack of moderation or self-control, especially with drinking or eating.
Example
His intemperance in drinking ruined his health.
Su intemperancia al beber arruinó su salud.
C1 noun /ˈrɛnɪˌɡeɪd/

renegade

renegado
Meaning
a person who deserts or betrays an organization, country, or principles
Example
He was labeled a renegade after leaving the party and criticizing its policies.
Fue etiquetado como un renegado después de dejar el partido y criticar sus políticas.
B2 adverb /ˈkɒnsɪkwəntli/

consequently

por lo tanto
Meaning
as a result; therefore
Example
He didn’t study, and consequently he failed the exam.
Él no estudió, y por lo tanto reprobó el examen.
B2 noun/verb /ˈbʌfər/

buffer

amortiguador / absorbente de impacto
Meaning
Something that lessens or absorbs the impact of a shock; to act as a protective barrier.
Example
The organization acts as a buffer between workers and management.
La organización actúa como un amortiguador entre los trabajadores y la gerencia.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊn.tər kleɪm/

counter-claim

contrademanda
Meaning
a claim made to rebut a previous claim, often in legal contexts
Example
The defendant filed a counter-claim against the plaintiff.
El demandado presentó una contrademanda contra el demandante.
B2 noun /ˈkɒmɜːs/

commerce

comercio
Meaning
the activity of buying and selling goods and services
Example
International commerce has expanded significantly in recent years.
El comercio internacional ha crecido significativamente en los últimos años.
C1 adjective ˌkɒn.ʃiˈen.ʃəs

conscientious

consciente
Meaning
Wishing to do what is right, especially to do one's work or duty well and thoroughly.
Example
A conscientious worker always delivers high-quality results.
Un trabajador consciente siempre entrega resultados de alta calidad.
C1 verb /ˈpɜːrkəleɪt/

percolate

percolar
Meaning
To filter gradually through a porous surface or substance; to spread slowly.
Example
The rainwater percolated through the soil into the groundwater.
El agua de lluvia percoló a través del suelo hacia el agua subterránea.
C2 verb /ˈrævɪʃ/

ravish

embelesar
Meaning
To fill with intense delight; to captivate or enchant.
Example
The beauty of the sunset ravished the travelers.
La belleza del atardecer cautivó a los viajeros.
A2 noun /mɔːl/ or /mæl/

mall

centro comercial
Meaning
a large building or series of connected buildings containing shops and restaurants
Example
They went to the mall to buy new clothes.
Fueron al centro comercial para comprar ropa nueva.
C1 noun /ˈkaʊn.tə.nəns/

countenance

rostro, expresión; apoyo
Meaning
a person's face or expression; support or approval
Example
Her cheerful countenance brightened the room.
Su rostro alegre iluminó la habitación.
C2 adjective /dɪˈluːsəri/

delusory

ilusorio
Meaning
Based on illusion; not real.
Example
He was filled with delusory hopes of becoming famous overnight.
Estaba lleno de falsas esperanzas de hacerse famoso de la noche a la mañana.
C1 adjective /əˈmiːnəbl/

amenable

dispuesto
Meaning
willing to cooperate or be influenced; open to suggestions
Example
She was amenable to the idea of working longer hours.
Ella estaba dispuesta a la idea de trabajar más horas.
C1 verb /ˈwɪð.ər/

wither

marchitar
Meaning
to dry up and die, typically used for plants
Example
The flowers will wither without enough water.
Las flores se marchitarán sin suficiente agua.
C2 verb /frɪz/

frizz

encrespar el cabello o hacerlo desordenado
Meaning
to form into small, tight curls or cause hair to become fuzzy and tangled
Example
The humid weather caused her hair to frizz.
El clima húmedo hizo que su cabello se encrespara.
B2 noun /ˈkɒm.ɪt/

Comet

cometa
Meaning
a celestial object consisting of ice and dust that develops a tail when approaching the sun
Example
Halley's Comet appears in the sky every 76 years.
El cometa de Halley aparece en el cielo cada 76 años.
B1 adjective /ˈlaɪv.li/

Lively

animado; vivaz; alegre
Meaning
full of life and energy; animated; cheerful
Example
The children had a lively discussion about their favorite books.
Los niños tuvieron una discusión animada sobre sus libros favoritos.
C1 verb /ˈdɪs.ɪ.peɪt/

dissipate

desaparecer gradualmente
Meaning
To disappear or cause to disappear gradually.
Example
The tension in the room slowly dissipated.
La tensión en la sala desapareció lentamente.
C1 noun ˌmɪtɪˈɡeɪʃən ˈstrætədʒiz

mitigation strategies

estrategias de mitigación
Meaning
Plans and actions designed to reduce the severity or impact of problems or risks.
Example
Governments must adopt mitigation strategies for climate change.
Los gobiernos deben adoptar estrategias de mitigación para el cambio climático.
C2 noun /ɒkˈteɪvoʊ/

octavo

octavo (tamaño de libro resultante de doblar una hoja en ocho partes)
Meaning
A size of book page resulting from folding a sheet of paper into eight leaves (sixteen pages).
Example
The old library contained rare octavo editions of Shakespeare.
La antigua biblioteca contenía ediciones raras de octavo de Shakespeare.
C1 verb /ˈpɪlɪdʒ/

pillage

saquear
Meaning
to rob or plunder a place, especially during war
Example
The invading army pillaged the village and took all valuables.
El ejército invasor saqueó la aldea y se llevó todas las cosas valiosas.
C2 noun /ˈlæki/

lackey

lacayo
Meaning
a person who is overly willing to serve or obey someone else
Example
He treated his assistant like a mere lackey.
Trató a su asistente como un simple lacayo.
C1 adjective ˌmæk.roʊ.iː.kəˈnɒm.ɪk

macroeconomic

macroeconómico
Meaning
Relating to the large-scale or general economic factors, such as interest rates and national productivity.
Example
Government policies impact macroeconomic stability.
Las políticas gubernamentales impactan la estabilidad macroeconómica.
B2 adjective /ˈvɪʃ.əs/

Vicious

malévolo; cruel; salvaje
Meaning
deliberately cruel or violent; having a savage nature
Example
The vicious dog attacked anyone who came near its territory.
El perro maligno atacó a cualquiera que se acercara a su territorio.
C1 noun /ˈæŋɡwɪʃ/

anguish

angustia
Meaning
Severe mental or physical pain or suffering.
Example
She was in deep anguish after hearing the tragic news.
Ella estaba en profunda angustia después de escuchar la trágica noticia.
B2 noun /ˈɑː.mənd/

Almond

almendra
Meaning
edible seed of the almond tree
Example
Almonds are a healthy snack rich in protein and good fats.
Las almendras son un bocadillo saludable, rico en proteínas y grasas buenas.
C1 noun /ˌmaʊntəˈnɪə/

mountaineer

montañero
Meaning
A person who climbs mountains as a sport or profession.
Example
The mountaineer reached the summit after a long climb.
El montañero llegó a la cima después de una larga subida.
C1 noun /ˌkɒrəˈneɪʃən/

coronation

coronación
Meaning
the act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign or monarch
Example
The coronation of the new king was attended by thousands of people.
La coronación del nuevo rey fue presenciada por miles de personas.
C2 adjective /ˈsɪlieɪtɪd/

ciliated

con cilios
Meaning
Having minute hairlike projections (cilia) on the surface of cells or organisms.
Example
The ciliated cells in the respiratory tract help move mucus out of the lungs.
Las células ciliadas en el tracto respiratorio ayudan a mover el moco fuera de los pulmones.
C2 noun /ˈkænə/

Canna

canna
Meaning
a tropical flowering plant with large, colorful flowers and broad leaves
Example
The bright orange canna lilies grew tall beside the pond.
Los lirios de canna de color naranja brillante crecieron altos junto al estanque.
B2 noun /kɔːrd/

cord

cuerda
Meaning
a long, thin, flexible string or rope
Example
He tied the package with a strong cord.
Ató el paquete con una cuerda fuerte.
A1 preposition/adverb/conjunction /bɪˈfɔːr/

before

antes
Meaning
At an earlier time; in front of in order or place.
Example
She arrived before the meeting started.
Ella llegó antes de que comenzara la reunión.
C1 noun /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈniː/

Examinee

examinado
Meaning
a person who is being tested in an examination
Example
Each examinee was given two hours to complete the test.
Cada examinado recibió dos horas para completar la prueba.
B1 noun /ˈeɪ.dʒən.si/

Agency

agencia; oficina de agentes
Meaning
a business or organization that provides a particular service
Example
She works for a travel agency downtown.
Ella trabaja para una agencia de viajes en el centro de la ciudad.
C1 noun /ˈnɒnʃələns/

nonchalance

despreocupación
Meaning
A relaxed and calm state, showing lack of concern or interest.
Example
She answered the tough questions with surprising nonchalance.
Ella respondió las preguntas difíciles con sorprendente despreocupación.
C1 noun /fɪˈdɛl.ɪ.ti/

fidelity

fidelidad
Meaning
Faithfulness to a person, cause, or belief, demonstrated by continuing loyalty and support.
Example
A dog's fidelity to its owner is unmatched.
La fidelidad de un perro hacia su dueño es incomparable.
C1 adjective /prɪˈkoʊʃəs/

precocious

precoz
Meaning
Showing advanced development or maturity at an unusually early age.
Example
The precocious child was reading novels at the age of five.
El niño precoz estaba leyendo novelas a la edad de cinco años.
C1 noun /brɪm/

Brim

borde; ala; ribete
Meaning
the projecting edge of a hat; the edge or lip of something
Example
The wide brim of his hat protected him from the scorching sun.
El amplio borde de su sombrero lo protegió del sol abrasador.
C2 noun /ˌɪntərpəˈzɪʃən/

interposition

intervención
Meaning
The act of intervening or coming between two things, often to influence or prevent an outcome.
Example
The manager’s interposition prevented a heated argument from escalating.
La intervención del gerente evitó que una discusión acalorada se intensificara.
A2 noun /ˈpaɪnˌæpəl/

pineapple

piña
Meaning
a tropical fruit with a rough spiky skin, sweet yellow flesh, and a leafy crown
Example
She added fresh pineapple to the fruit salad.
Ella añadió piña fresca a la ensalada de frutas.
B2 noun ˈme.trɪks

metrics

métricas
Meaning
A system or standard of measurement; a set of numbers that give information about a particular process or activity.
Example
Metrics are crucial for evaluating performance.
Las métricas son cruciales para evaluar el rendimiento.
B2 noun /pætʃ/

Patch

parche
Meaning
a small piece of material used to mend a hole; a small area of something different
Example
She sewed a patch over the hole in her jeans.
Ella cosió un parche sobre el agujero en sus pantalones vaqueros.
C2 verb /ˈædjʊˌleɪt/

adulate

adular excesivamente
Meaning
to praise or flatter excessively
Example
The fans adulated the actor after his performance.
Los fans adulaban al actor después de su actuación.
C2 noun /ˈɛskwaɪər/

esquire

esquire
Meaning
A title of respect often used after a man's name, especially for lawyers in the United States.
Example
John Smith, Esquire, will be representing the client in court.
John Smith, Esquire, representará al cliente en la corte.
C2 noun /dɪˈbɛntʃər/

debenture

debentura
Meaning
a type of debt instrument not secured by physical assets or collateral
Example
The company raised capital by issuing debentures to investors.
La empresa recaudó capital emitiendo debenturas a los inversores.
B2 adjective ˌɒp.ərˈeɪ.ʃən.əl

operational

operativo
Meaning
In working order; ready for use.
Example
The space project will be operational by 2025.
El proyecto espacial estará operativo para 2025.
C1 noun /ˈtɛknɪk/

technic

técnica
Meaning
A method, skill, or art in a particular field, especially in the arts or sciences.
Example
The artist’s technic in watercolor impressed the judges.
La técnica del artista en acuarela impresionó a los jueces.
C1 noun /ˈpleɪdʒərɪzəm/

plagiarism

plagio
Meaning
the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off as one's own
Example
The student was expelled for committing plagiarism in his essay.
El estudiante fue expulsado por cometer plagio en su ensayo.
C1 noun /ˈmʌltɪplaɪər/

multiplier

multiplicador
Meaning
a number or factor by which another number is multiplied; something that increases the effect or value of something else
Example
In economics, government spending can act as a multiplier for economic growth.
En economía, el gasto público puede ser un multiplicador del crecimiento.
C1 noun /pæŋ/

pang

una sensación repentina de dolor o angustia emocional
Meaning
a sudden sharp feeling of pain or emotional distress
Example
She felt a pang of guilt after the argument.
Sintió un pang de culpa después de la discusión.
B1 adjective /ˌoʊvərˈweɪt/

overweight

sobrepeso
Meaning
heavier than is considered healthy or normal
Example
The doctor advised him to lose weight as he was overweight.
El doctor le aconsejó perder peso ya que tenía sobrepeso.
B2 adjective /ɪkˌsperɪˈmentl/

experimental

experimental
Meaning
based on untested ideas or techniques; relating to experiments or testing
Example
The scientists developed an experimental drug to treat cancer.
Los científicos desarrollaron un medicamento experimental para tratar el cáncer.
C2 verb /ˈkænənaɪz/

canonize

canonizar
Meaning
To officially declare a dead person a saint; to regard as great or significant.
Example
The church canonized the martyr after years of investigation.
La iglesia canonizó al mártir después de años de investigación.
C2 noun /tʃæf/

Chaff

cascarilla; cosas inútiles; bromas ligeras
Meaning
the husks of corn or other seed separated by winnowing; worthless things; light-hearted joking
Example
The farmer separated the wheat from the chaff using traditional methods.
El agricultor separó el trigo de la cascarilla utilizando métodos tradicionales.
C2 adjective /məˈnaɪəkəl/

maniacal

maniaco
Meaning
behaving like a maniac; showing excessive enthusiasm or madness
Example
He gave a maniacal laugh during the movie.
Él dio una risa maniaca durante la película.
C2 noun /ˌɡæskəˈneɪd/

gasconade

presunción exagerada, jactancia
Meaning
Extravagant boasting or bragging.
Example
His endless gasconade made him unpopular among his peers.
Su interminable presunción lo hizo impopular entre sus compañeros.
C1 verb /bɒmˈbɑːrd/

bombard

bombardear
Meaning
to attack continuously with bombs, questions, or other forces
Example
Reporters bombarded the minister with difficult questions.
Los reporteros bombardearon al ministro con preguntas difíciles.
A2 noun /fækt/

fact

hecho
Meaning
A thing that is known or proved to be true
Example
It is a fact that the Earth orbits the Sun.
Es un hecho que la Tierra orbita alrededor del Sol.
B2 adjective ɪnˈdɪdʒɪnəs

indigenous

indígena
Meaning
Originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native.
Example
Indigenous plants are well adapted to the local environment.
Las plantas indígenas están bien adaptadas al entorno local.
B2 adjective /ˈrek.ləs/

Reckless

imprudente; temerario; peligroso;
Meaning
acting without thinking about consequences; careless; dangerous;
Example
His reckless driving caused a serious accident.
Su conducción imprudente causó un accidente grave.
C2 noun /ˈbɒnəmi/

bonhomie

bonhomía
Meaning
Cheerful friendliness and geniality.
Example
The meeting was filled with laughter and bonhomie.
La reunión estaba llena de risas y bonhomía.
C2 adjective /ˌʌnɪmˈpiːtʃəbl/

unimpeachable

impecable
Meaning
Not able to be doubted, questioned, or criticized; completely trustworthy.
Example
She is known for her unimpeachable honesty.
Ella es conocida por su honestidad impecable.
C1 adjective /ˈsʌbstəntɪv/

substantive

importante
Meaning
Having a firm basis in reality; important, meaningful, or considerable.
Example
The company made substantive changes to its policy.
La compañía hizo cambios importantes en su política.
B2 noun ˌsɛlf.kənˈtrəʊl

self-control

autocontrol
Meaning
The ability to control one's emotions, behavior, and desires in order to obtain some reward, or avoid some punishment, typically in the longer term.
Example
Self-control is important for maintaining a balanced life.
El autocontrol es importante para mantener una vida equilibrada.
A2 noun /dɪˈziːz/

disease

enfermedad
Meaning
An illness or medical condition that affects the body or mind.
Example
The doctor is researching a cure for the disease.
El médico está investigando una cura para la enfermedad.
A2 noun /rɪˈlɪdʒ.ən/

religion

religión
Meaning
a system of faith and worship involving belief in a higher power
Example
Freedom of religion is a fundamental human right.
La libertad de religión es un derecho humano fundamental.
C1 noun /aɪ/

aye

sí
Meaning
an affirmative vote or expression of agreement
Example
The committee voted aye on the proposal.
El comité votó sí en la propuesta.
B1 adjective /ʌnˈlaɪk/

Unlike

diferente; no similar
Meaning
different from; not similar to
Example
Unlike his brother, he prefers quiet activities.
A diferencia de su hermano, él prefiere actividades tranquilas.
C2 noun /ˈnoʊzˌɡeɪ/

nosegay

ramillete de flores
Meaning
a small bunch of flowers, typically given as a gift or carried for decoration
Example
She carried a nosegay of fresh roses to the ceremony.
Ella llevaba un ramillete de rosas frescas a la ceremonia.
B1 adjective /ˈlʌv.ɪŋ/

Loving

afectuoso; cariñoso; que muestra amor y calidez
Meaning
affectionate; caring; showing love and warmth
Example
She is a loving mother who cares deeply for her children.
Ella es una madre cariñosa que se preocupa profundamente por sus hijos.
C2 adjective /ˈprɒɡnəθəs/

prognathous

prognatoide
Meaning
Having jaws that project forward beyond the rest of the face.
Example
The fossil displayed a distinctly prognathous skull structure.
El fósil mostraba una estructura de cráneo claramente prognatoide.
C1 verb, noun /ɡɔːrdʒ/

gorge

comer con avidez / valle estrecho entre montañas
Meaning
to eat greedily; a narrow valley between mountains or hills
Example
They gorged themselves on pizza after the hike.
Ellos se atiborraron de pizza después de la caminata.
C2 noun /ˈbælæst/

ballast

lastre
Meaning
heavy material used to stabilize a ship or vehicle
Example
The ship was loaded with ballast to remain steady in the storm.
El barco fue cargado con lastre para mantenerse estable en la tormenta.
C1 noun /ˈaʊtˌɡroʊθ/

outgrowth

desarrollo
Meaning
something that grows out of something else; a natural development or result
Example
The new policy was an outgrowth of years of debate.
La nueva política fue un desarrollo de años de debate.
B2 adjective /ˈduː.əl/

Dual

dual
Meaning
having two parts or consisting of two elements; double
Example
She has dual citizenship of both countries.
Ella tiene doble ciudadanía de ambos países.
C2 verb /ˈɑːskjʊleɪt/

osculate

besar
Meaning
To kiss.
Example
They osculated under the mistletoe during the party.
Ellos se besaron debajo del muérdago durante la fiesta.
A2 noun /ˈpoʊɪtri/

poetry

poesía
Meaning
a literary form that uses rhythmic and metaphorical language to express emotions or ideas
Example
She loves reading poetry in her free time.
A ella le encanta leer poesía en su tiempo libre.
B1 verb /spɛl/

spell

deletrear
Meaning
to write or name the letters of a word in order; to mean or result in something
Example
Can you spell your name for me?
¿Puedes deletrear tu nombre para mí?
C1 noun /ˈɪrɪtənt/

irritant

sustancia irritante
Meaning
something that causes irritation or discomfort
Example
Dust is a common irritant for people with allergies.
El polvo es un irritante común para las personas con alergias.
C1 verb /ɛtʃ/

etch

grabar
Meaning
to cut or carve a design onto a surface
Example
The artist etched her initials into the glass.
La artista grabó sus iniciales en el vidrio.
B2 adjective /kɔːrs/

coarse

áspero, rugoso
Meaning
Rough in texture or manner; not smooth or refined.
Example
The fabric felt coarse to the touch.
El tejido se sentía áspero al tacto.
B2 noun /ˌɪnəˈbɪləti/

inability

incapacidad
Meaning
the state of being unable to do something
Example
His inability to make decisions affected his career.
Su incapacidad para tomar decisiones afectó su carrera.
A1 noun /ˈrɛst(ə)rɒnt/

restaurant

restaurante
Meaning
a place where meals are prepared and served to customers
Example
We went to the restaurant for dinner.
Fuimos al restaurante para la cena.
B1 adjective /ˈsæt.ɪs.fæk.tər.i/

Satisfactory

satisfactorio
Meaning
acceptable; meeting requirements; adequate
Example
The test results were satisfactory.
Los resultados de la prueba fueron satisfactorios.
B2 noun /mjuːl/

Mule

mulo
Meaning
the offspring of a donkey and a horse, used as a working animal
Example
The farmer used a mule to carry heavy loads.
El agricultor usó un mulo para llevar cargas pesadas.
C2 adjective /ˌpɛstɪˈlɛnʃəl/

pestilential

pestilente
Meaning
Relating to or causing pestilence; very harmful, troublesome, or dangerous.
Example
The pestilential smell of the garbage filled the street.
El pestilente olor de la basura llenó la calle.
B1 noun /ˈsɪtɪzən/

citizen

ciudadano
Meaning
a legally recognized subject or national of a state
Example
Every citizen has the right to vote.
Cada ciudadano tiene el derecho de votar.
C1 verb /ˌpriːˈmɛdɪteɪt/

premeditate

premeditar
Meaning
to think about and plan something (especially a crime) beforehand
Example
The suspect was accused of premeditating the crime.
El sospechoso fue acusado de premeditar el crimen.
B1 noun/adjective /ˌæfrɪkən əˈmɛrɪkən/

african-american

afroamericano
Meaning
A person of African descent living in or originating from the United States; relating to such people.
Example
She is proud of her African-American heritage.
Ella está orgullosa de su herencia afroamericana.
B2 verb /ˌʌndərˈɡoʊ/

undergo

someterse
Meaning
to go through something, especially something unpleasant or difficult
Example
She had to undergo surgery to recover.
Tuvo que someterse a cirugía para recuperarse.
C2 noun /spɪˈlʌŋkər/

spelunker

espeleólogo
Meaning
A person who explores caves as a hobby.
Example
The spelunker carried ropes and lights into the dark cave.
El espeleólogo llevó cuerdas y luces a la cueva oscura.
C2 verb /ɪnˈskɒns/

ensconce

acurrucarse, esconderse
Meaning
to settle comfortably or securely in a place; to hide or shelter firmly
Example
She ensconced herself in a cozy armchair by the fireplace.
Ella se enroscó en una cómoda silla junto a la chimenea.
C2 adjective /ˌser.ɪˈməʊ.ni.əs/

ceremonious

ceremonioso y educado
Meaning
marked by formality, politeness, or strict observance of customs
Example
He gave her a ceremonious bow before entering the hall.
Le dio una reverencia ceremoniosa antes de entrar al salón.
C2 adjective /ɪˈnjʊərd/

inured

acostumbrado
Meaning
Accustomed to something, especially something unpleasant.
Example
After years of hardship, she was inured to suffering.
Después de años de sufrimiento, ella estaba acostumbrada al dolor.
B1 verb /skriːm/

scream

gritar
Meaning
to make a loud, high-pitched sound, usually because of fear, pain, or excitement
Example
She screamed when she saw the spider.
Ella gritó cuando vio la araña.