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C2 verb /tæmp/

tamp

aplastar
Meaning
to press down tightly by packing
Example
He tamped the soil around the plant to secure it.
Él aplastó la tierra alrededor de la planta para asegurarlo.
C1 verb /prɪˈdɒmɪneɪt/

predominate

predominar
Meaning
To be the strongest, most common, or most influential element.
Example
Traditional values still predominate in the community.
Los valores tradicionales siguen predominando en la comunidad.
B2 noun /ˈfleɪ.vər/

Flavour

sabor
Meaning
the distinctive taste of a food or drink; a particular quality or atmosphere
Example
The soup had a rich flavour of herbs and spices from the garden.
La sopa tenía un rico sabor de hierbas y especias del jardín.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəˈteɪnəbl/

unattainable

inalcanzable
Meaning
impossible to achieve, reach, or accomplish
Example
For many, becoming a professional athlete remains an unattainable dream.
Para muchos, convertirse en un atleta profesional sigue siendo un sueño inalcanzable.
C2 noun /pæˈstiːʃ/

pastiche

pastiche
Meaning
a work of art, literature, or music that imitates the style of another artist, period, or genre
Example
The film was a clever pastiche of 1950s detective movies.
La película era un astuto pastiche de las películas de detectives de los años 50.
C2 adjective /hɪk/

Hick

campesino; paleto
Meaning
unsophisticated person from a rural area; country bumpkin
Example
He had a hick accent from growing up in a small town.
Él tenía un acento de campesino por haber crecido en un pueblo pequeño.
A1 verb /teɪk/

take

tomar, llevar
Meaning
to get possession of; to carry or bring with oneself
Example
Please take this book to the library.
Por favor, lleva este libro a la biblioteca.
B1 verb kənˈsjuːmz

consumes

consumir
Meaning
Use up (a resource); eat, drink, or ingest (food or drink).
Example
An individual consumes around 20 kg of plastic annually.
Una persona consume alrededor de 20 kg de plástico anualmente.
C1 noun /ˈhaɪdəweɪ/

hideaway

escondite
Meaning
A place used as a retreat or a place to hide.
Example
The cabin in the woods was their secret hideaway.
La cabaña en el bosque era su escondite secreto.
C1 adjective /ˈpræk.tɪ.kə.bəl/

practicable

practicable
Meaning
able to be done or put into practice successfully
Example
The plan is not practicable without more resources.
El plan no es práctico sin más recursos.
A1 adjective ˈdɪfɪkəlt

difficult

difícil
Meaning
Needing much effort or skill to accomplish, deal with, or understand; hard.
Example
Managing urban challenges has become increasingly difficult.
Gestionar los desafíos urbanos se ha vuelto cada vez más difícil.
B2 adjective /rɪˈspek.tə.bəl/

Respectable

respetable
Meaning
worthy of respect; having good reputation; decent
Example
He comes from a respectable family in the community.
Él viene de una familia respetable en la comunidad.
A2 noun /ˈdraɪ.vər/

Driver

conductor
Meaning
a person who operates a motor vehicle
Example
The taxi driver knew all the shortcuts through the busy city.
El conductor del taxi conocía todos los atajos de la ciudad concurrida.
C2 noun /pɪˈnɒlədʒi/

penology

penología
Meaning
The study of prison management and criminal rehabilitation.
Example
He decided to specialize in penology to help improve the prison system.
Decidió especializarse en penología para ayudar a mejorar el sistema penitenciario.
C1 adjective /ˈrʌs.tɪk/

Rustic

sencillo y no sofisticado; relacionado con áreas rurales
Meaning
simple and unsophisticated; relating to rural areas
Example
The rustic cottage had wooden beams and a thatched roof.
La cabaña rústica tenía vigas de madera y un techo de paja.
C1 noun

Kin

familia; parientes;
C1 noun əˈpreɪ.zəl

appraisal

evaluación
Meaning
An assessment or evaluation of performance or quality.
Example
The annual appraisal determines salary increments.
La evaluación anual determina los incrementos salariales.
C1 noun /ˈlɔːriət/

laureate

galardonado
Meaning
A person honored with an award for outstanding achievement in a field, especially the arts or sciences.
Example
The Nobel laureate gave an inspiring lecture on peace.
El laureado Nobel dio una conferencia inspiradora sobre la paz.
C1 noun /ˈhɪp.ə.krɪt/

Hypocrite

hipócrita; farsante; impostor
Meaning
a person who acts in contradiction to their stated beliefs or feelings; a pretender
Example
Don't be a hypocrite by demanding honesty from others while lying yourself.
No seas un hipócrita exigiendo honestidad de los demás mientras mientes tú mismo.
C2 adjective /ɒˈstɛnsɪv/

ostensive

ostensible
Meaning
clearly demonstrative or pointing out; explicitly shown
Example
The teacher gave an ostensive example to clarify the concept.
La maestra dio un ejemplo ostensible para aclarar el concepto.
B1 noun /leɪn/

lane

camino
Meaning
a narrow road or path, often in the countryside or for specific traffic
Example
They walked down a quiet country lane.
Ellos caminaron por un tranquilo camino rural.
C2 verb /bɪˈleɪ/

belay

asegurar una cuerda
Meaning
to secure a rope by winding it around an object; to stop or cancel an order (nautical/military use)
Example
The climber asked his partner to belay the rope tightly.
El escalador le pidió a su compañero que asegurara la cuerda fuertemente.
B2 noun /əˈpoʊ.nənt/

Opponent

oponente; rival
Meaning
a person who disagrees with or resists a proposal or practice; someone who competes against another
Example
The chess player defeated his strongest opponent.
El jugador de ajedrez derrotó a su oponente más fuerte.
A2 noun/verb /ˈsɜːrkəl/

circle

círculo
Meaning
a round shape; to move all the way around something
Example
The children sat in a circle.
Los niños se sentaron en un círculo.
A1 noun /ˈteɪbəl/

table

mesa
Meaning
A piece of furniture with a flat top and legs, used for working at or placing items on.
Example
They placed the documents on the table.
Colocaron los documentos sobre la mesa.
B2 adjective ˈwaɪdspred

widespread

generalizado
Meaning
Found or distributed over a large area or number of people.
Example
The effects of climate change are widespread across the globe.
Los efectos del cambio climático son generalizados en todo el mundo.
A2 verb /faʊnd/

found

fundar
Meaning
to establish or create something; to discover
Example
They founded the company in 1995.
Ellos fundaron la compañía en 1995.
C1 noun /məˈdɜːrnəti/

modernity

modernidad
Meaning
The quality or condition of being modern; up-to-date ideas, practices, or style.
Example
The city’s architecture reflects both tradition and modernity.
La arquitectura de la ciudad refleja tanto la tradición como la modernidad.
B2 noun /ˈɡræfɪks/

graphics

gráficos
Meaning
visual images, designs, or drawings used to convey information or artistic expression
Example
The website uses stunning graphics to attract visitors.
El sitio web utiliza gráficos impresionantes para atraer visitantes.
B1 noun əˈdɒp.ʃən

adoption

adopción
Meaning
The process of accepting, embracing, or taking up something new, such as a practice, technology, or idea.
Example
The adoption of electric vehicles is increasing worldwide.
La adopción de vehículos eléctricos está aumentando en todo el mundo.
C1 adverb /maɪˈnjuːtli/

Minutely

minuciosamente
Meaning
in very small detail; extremely carefully
Example
The detective examined the evidence minutely.
El detective examinó la evidencia minuciosamente.
C2 adjective /æbˈstiːmiəs/

abstemious

abstemio
Meaning
not allowing oneself much food or drink; marked by moderation
Example
She lived an abstemious life, avoiding all luxuries.
Ella vivió una vida abstemio, evitando todos los lujos.
B1 noun /ˈmʌs.əl/

Muscle

músculo
Meaning
a body tissue consisting of fibers that can contract to produce movement
Example
Regular exercise helps strengthen your muscle.
El ejercicio regular ayuda a fortalecer tu músculo.
C1 verb /dɪsˈsætɪsfaɪ/

dissatisfy

desacontentar
Meaning
to fail to please or meet expectations; to make someone unhappy
Example
The poor service dissatisfies many customers.
El mal servicio disatisface a muchos clientes.
B2 noun /ˈɡreɪt.fəl.nəs/

Gratefulness

gratitud
Meaning
the quality of being thankful; readiness to show appreciation for kindness
Example
She expressed her gratefulness to the doctors who saved her life.
ella expresó su gratitud a los médicos que salvaron su vida.
C2 noun/verb /ˈrɛkəmˌpɛns/

recompense

compensación
Meaning
to compensate someone for loss or harm suffered; compensation given for damage or injury
Example
The company offered financial recompense to the injured worker.
La compañía ofreció una compensación financiera al trabajador herido.
C1 noun /ˌpærəfəˈneɪliə/

paraphernalia

parafernalia
Meaning
Miscellaneous articles, especially equipment needed for a particular activity.
Example
The fisherman carried all his fishing paraphernalia in a large box.
El pescador llevó toda su parafernalia de pesca en una caja grande.
B1 noun /ɪˈlɛktrɪk ˈkɛtəl/

Electric Kettle

tetera eléctrica
Meaning
An electrical appliance that heats water quickly using electricity
Example
The electric kettle automatically turns off when the water starts boiling.
La tetera eléctrica se apaga automáticamente cuando el agua comienza a hervir.
C1 verb /dɪsˈfɪɡjər/

disfigure

desfigurar
Meaning
to spoil or damage the appearance of something
Example
The fire disfigured the old building.
El fuego desfiguró el viejo edificio.
B2 noun ɪnˈdev.ər

endeavor

esfuerzo
Meaning
An attempt to achieve a goal; a serious determined effort.
Example
The endeavor to innovate space tourism is ambitious.
El esfuerzo por innovar en el turismo espacial es ambicioso.
B2 verb /ˈælaɪ/

ally

aliado
Meaning
To unite or form a connection or partnership with another person, group, or nation.
Example
The two countries decided to ally against their common enemy.
Los dos países decidieron aliarse contra su enemigo común.
C2 noun /ˌpɒl.iˈsɪl.ə.bəl/

polysyllable

palabra polisílaba
Meaning
a word with more than one syllable
Example
The word 'elephant' is a polysyllable because it has three syllables.
La palabra 'elefante' es una palabra polisílaba porque tiene tres sílabas.
A2 noun/adjective /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

living

vida / sustento
Meaning
the state of being alive; or a way of earning money
Example
He makes his living as a teacher.
Él gana su sustento como maestro.
C1 noun ˌsætʃəˈreɪʃən

saturation

saturación
Meaning
The state of being saturated; the degree or extent to which something is dissolved or absorbed
Example
The saturation of the market with similar products reduced sales.
La saturación del mercado con productos similares redujo las ventas.
B1 abbreviation /ˌaɪˈiː/

ie

es decir
Meaning
That is to say; used to clarify or explain something more precisely.
Example
Many amphibians, i.e., frogs and salamanders, can live both in water and on land.
Muchos anfibios, es decir, ranas y salamandras, pueden vivir tanto en agua como en tierra.
B1 noun /ˌɡrædʒ.uˈeɪ.ʃən/

graduation

felicidad
Meaning
the act of receiving a degree or diploma after completing a course of study
Example
Her parents attended her graduation ceremony with pride.
Ella no pudo ocultar su felicidad cuando recibió el premio.
B1 adjective /əˈtætʃt/

attached

adjunto
Meaning
joined or fastened to something; emotionally connected or fond of someone or something
Example
The file is attached to the email.
El archivo está adjunto al correo electrónico.
A2 noun /ˈstreɪndʒər/

Stranger

extraño
Meaning
a person whom one does not know or with whom one is not familiar
Example
Never take candy from a stranger.
Nunca tomes dulces de un extraño.
C1 verb /mæʃ/

mash

machacar
Meaning
to crush or mix food into a soft mass, usually by pressing or beating
Example
She mashed the potatoes before serving dinner.
ella machó las papas antes de servir la cena.
C1 verb /ˌɪntəˈsɛkt/

intersect

intersectar
Meaning
to cross or pass through each other
Example
The two roads intersect at the city center.
Los dos caminos se intersectan en el centro de la ciudad.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛpərəbəl/

Irreparable

irreparable
Meaning
impossible to repair or fix; permanent damage that cannot be undone
Example
The accident caused irreparable damage to his spine.
El accidente causó daños irreparables en su columna vertebral.
B2 noun /ˈlaɪf.taɪm/

lifetime

vida / duración de la vida
Meaning
The duration of a person's life or the existence of something.
Example
She achieved more in her lifetime than most people dream of.
Ella logró más en su vida que la mayoría de las personas sueñan con lograr.
B1 noun /ˈvoʊtɪŋ/

voting

votación
Meaning
the act of making a choice in an election or decision by casting a vote
Example
Voting is an important part of a democratic society.
La votación es una parte importante de una sociedad democrática.
C1 noun /bɒɡ/

bog

pantano
Meaning
an area of wet, spongy ground; a swamp or marsh
Example
The hikers got stuck in a bog.
Los excursionistas se quedaron atrapados en un pantano.
C1 verb /ɛtʃ/

etch

grabar
Meaning
to cut or carve a design onto a surface
Example
The artist etched her initials into the glass.
La artista grabó sus iniciales en el vidrio.
B2 adverb /ɪkˈstɛnsɪvli/

extensively

extensivamente
Meaning
in a thorough or wide-ranging manner
Example
She traveled extensively across Europe for her research.
Ella viajó extensivamente por Europa para su investigación.
B2 noun /ˈmæstəri/

Mastery

habilidad; maestría;
Meaning
Great skill or expertise in a subject or activity
Example
His mastery of the violin impressed audiences around the world.
Su dominio del violín impresionó a audiencias de todo el mundo.
C1 noun ˈnuːkliəs

nucleus

núcleo
Meaning
The central core of an atom containing protons and neutrons.
Example
The nucleus consists of protons.
El núcleo consiste en protones.
C1 noun /sɪˈkriː.ʃən/

Secretion

secreción
Meaning
a process by which substances are produced and discharged from a cell or gland
Example
Insulin secretion is crucial for blood sugar regulation.
La secreción de insulina es crucial para la regulación del azúcar en sangre.
B1 noun ˈɪmpækt

impact

impacto
Meaning
A strong effect or influence; the action of one object coming forcibly into contact with another.
Example
The decision had great impact.
La decisión tuvo un gran impacto.
C2 noun /sneɪk ɡɔːrd/

Snake gourd

calabaza serpiente
Meaning
a long, curved vegetable that resembles a snake, commonly used in South Asian cuisine
Example
The snake gourd grows in a twisted, serpentine shape in the garden.
La calabaza serpiente crece en una forma retorcida y serpenteante en el jardín.
B2 verb /sweɪ/

sway

mecer
Meaning
To move or cause to move slowly or rhythmically back and forth; to influence someone's opinion or decision.
Example
The trees swayed gently in the breeze.
Los árboles se mecían suavemente en la brisa.
C1 adjective /ˌɪrɪˈspɛktɪv/

Irrespective

irrespetuoso; sin tener en cuenta
Meaning
without taking something into account; regardless of
Example
All students will be treated equally, irrespective of their background.
Todos los estudiantes serán tratados por igual, independientemente de su origen.
A2 adjective /ˈnɔɪ.zi/

Noisy

ruidoso
Meaning
making a lot of loud or unpleasant sound; clamorous
Example
The noisy construction work outside made it difficult to concentrate.
El ruido de la construcción afuera hacía difícil concentrarse.
A1 noun /'æn.ɪ.məl/

Animal

animal
Meaning
a living creature that feeds on organic matter, typically having specialized sense organs and nervous system and able to respond rapidly to stimuli
Example
The zoo has many different animals from around the world.
El zoológico tiene muchos animales diferentes de todo el mundo.
C2 adjective /ˈsloʊθfəl/

slothful

perezoso
Meaning
Lazy, idle, and unwilling to work.
Example
She was too slothful to get out of bed early.
Ella era demasiado perezosa para levantarse de la cama temprano.
C2 verb /diːˈpɒpjʊˌleɪt/

depopulate

despoblar
Meaning
To reduce the number of people living in a place.
Example
The war threatened to depopulate the once-thriving town.
La guerra amenazó con despoblar la ciudad que alguna vez prosperó.
B1 noun /ˈbreɪs.lət/

Bracelet

pulsera
Meaning
an ornamental band worn around the wrist
Example
She received a gold bracelet as a birthday gift.
Ella recibió una pulsera de oro como regalo de cumpleaños.
C1 noun /ɡaɪz/

guise

disfraz
Meaning
An external form, appearance, or manner of presentation, often hiding the true nature
Example
He approached in the guise of a friend.
Se acercó con el disfraz de amigo.
A2 preposition /ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/

including

incluido
Meaning
used to show that someone or something is part of a larger group
Example
Many people attended the event, including students and teachers.
Muchas personas asistieron al evento, incluidos estudiantes y maestros.
B2 verb /əˈstaʊnd/

astound

asombrar
Meaning
to greatly surprise or amaze someone
Example
The magician's final trick astounded the audience.
El truco final del mago asombró al público.
C2 noun /ɪˌkliːziˈæstɪk/

ecclesiastic

eclesiástico
Meaning
A member of the clergy or church official.
Example
The council was attended by several high-ranking ecclesiastics.
El consejo fue atendido por varios eclesiásticos de alto rango.
C2 noun /ˈbrɒŋkəs/

bronchus

bronquio
Meaning
either of the two main branches of the trachea that lead directly into the lungs
Example
The left bronchus carries air into the left lung.
El bronquio izquierdo lleva el aire al pulmón izquierdo.
B2 adjective /hɑːrʃ/

Harsh

duro; áspero; cruel; severo
Meaning
unpleasantly hard or rough in texture; cruel or severe
Example
The teacher gave harsh criticism about my work.
La maestra dio críticas duras sobre mi trabajo.
B1 adjective /roʊˈmæn.tɪk/

Romantic

romántico
Meaning
relating to love; idealistic; dreamy
Example
They enjoyed a romantic dinner by candlelight.
Disfrutaron de una cena romántica a la luz de las velas.
C2 adjective /məˈlɛfɪsənt/

maleficent

maléfico
Meaning
Causing harm or destruction, especially by supernatural means.
Example
The maleficent witch cursed the young princess.
La bruja maléfica maldijo a la joven princesa.
C2 verb /ɪnˈtɜːrpəˌleɪt/

interpolate

interpolar
Meaning
To insert something, often words, into a text or conversation; to estimate values between known data points.
Example
The editor interpolated a missing paragraph into the manuscript.
El editor interpoló un párrafo faltante en el manuscrito.
C2 noun /ˌtɛliˈɒlədʒi/

teleology

teleología
Meaning
the explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than by cause
Example
Aristotle is often associated with the concept of teleology in philosophy.
Aristóteles a menudo se asocia con el concepto de teleología en la filosofía.
B2 adjective /ˈmaɪti/

mighty

poderoso
Meaning
having great power or strength; very strong or impressive
Example
The mighty river flows through the heart of the country.
El poderoso río fluye por el corazón del país.
B1 verb /dɪsˈtrɪbjuːt/

distribute

distribuir
Meaning
to give out or spread something among several people or places
Example
The teacher will distribute the test papers.
El maestro distribuirá los exámenes.
C1 adverb /ɪnˈvɜːrs.li/

Inversely

inversamente; en sentido opuesto
Meaning
in a way that is opposite or contrary; in reverse order or manner
Example
The price of goods is inversely related to their availability in the market.
El precio de los productos está inversamente relacionado con su disponibilidad en el mercado.
C1 verb, noun /klɑːɡ/

clog

obstruir / zapato de madera
Meaning
to block or become blocked; a type of heavy wooden shoe
Example
The sink was clogged with food waste.
El fregadero estaba obstruido con desperdicios de comida.
B1 noun /ˈbæŋkər/

banker

banquero
Meaning
a person who works in or manages a bank
Example
The banker approved the loan after reviewing the documents.
El banquero aprobó el préstamo después de revisar los documentos.
B1 adjective /ˈsɔːlti/

Salty

salado
Meaning
having the taste of salt; containing salt; tasting of seawater
Example
The salty ocean water made her thirsty.
El agua salada del océano la hizo tener sed.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈlɛzbiən/

lesbian

lesbiana
Meaning
a woman who is romantically or sexually attracted to other women
Example
She is a proud lesbian and advocates for equal rights.
Ella es una lesbiana orgullosa y aboga por los derechos iguales.
B1 noun /ˈpɪ.ti/

Pity

piedad; simpatía;
Meaning
a feeling of sadness or sympathy for someone's misfortune; something that causes regret or disappointment
Example
I felt pity for the homeless man in the rain.
Sentí piedad por el hombre sin hogar bajo la lluvia.
C2 noun /ˈkʌstərd ˈæpəl/

Custard Apple

manzana de crema
Meaning
a tropical fruit with sweet creamy white flesh and black seeds
Example
The custard apple has a sweet and creamy texture.
La manzana de crema tiene una textura dulce y cremosa.
C2 noun /ˈtʃænsəri/

chancery

tribunal de chancillería
Meaning
A court of equity or the office of a chancellor.
Example
The case was taken to the chancery court for resolution.
El caso fue llevado al tribunal de chancillería para su resolución.
B2 adjective /ˈɒnərəbəl/

honourable

honorable
Meaning
deserving respect or admiration because of moral integrity; showing honesty and fairness
Example
She is known as an honourable leader who always keeps her promises.
Ella es conocida como una líder honorable que siempre cumple sus promesas.
C2 adjective /ɪnˈɛk.wɪ.tə.bəl/

inequitable

inequitativo
Meaning
Not fair or just; lacking in fairness or equality.
Example
The distribution of resources was inequitable among the workers.
La distribución de recursos fue inequitativa entre los trabajadores.
C1 adjective /ˈstɔːlwərt/

stalwart

firme, leal
Meaning
Loyal, reliable, and hardworking; strongly built or sturdy.
Example
She has always been a stalwart supporter of the community.
Ella siempre ha sido una firme defensora de la comunidad.
C1 noun /ˌstætʃuˈɛt/

statuette

estatuilla
Meaning
A small statue, usually decorative or artistic.
Example
The artist won a gold statuette for his work.
El artista ganó una estatuilla de oro por su trabajo.
B2 noun /ˈeɪlmənt/

ailment

enfermedad
Meaning
An illness, typically a minor one.
Example
He went to the doctor for a minor stomach ailment.
Fue al médico por una leve enfermedad estomacal.
C1 noun /rɪˈpraɪ.zəl/

Reprisal

venganza
Meaning
an act of retaliation; revenge taken for an injury or wrong
Example
The attack was carried out as a reprisal for the earlier bombing.
El ataque se realizó como una represalia por el bombardeo anterior.
C1 noun /ˌpɜːrspəˈreɪʃn/

perspiration

transpiración
Meaning
The process of sweating.
Example
Heavy exercise causes perspiration.
El ejercicio pesado causa transpiración.
C1 noun /ˈsɒlstɪs/

solstice

solsticio
Meaning
the two times in the year when the sun is at its greatest distance from the equator (summer and winter solstice)
Example
People celebrate the summer solstice with festivals and rituals.
La gente celebra el solsticio de verano con festivales y rituales.
C2 noun /sælv/

salve

ungüento
Meaning
An ointment used to promote healing of the skin or as protection.
Example
She applied a salve to the burn on her hand.
Ella aplicó un ungüento en la quemadura de su mano.
B2 noun /ˈpoʊ.di.əm/

Podium

podio
Meaning
a small platform on which a person may stand to be seen by an audience
Example
The winner stood on the podium to receive the gold medal.
El ganador se subió al podio para recibir la medalla de oro.
B1 noun /bɔɪl/

Boil

forúnculo; absceso
Meaning
a painful, pus-filled bump under the skin caused by infected hair follicles
Example
The painful boil on his neck required medical treatment.
El doloroso forúnculo en su cuello requirió tratamiento médico.
C1 noun /ˈpɛnɪtəns/

penitence

penitencia
Meaning
The action or feeling of showing sorrow and regret for having done wrong.
Example
His eyes were full of penitence after realizing his mistake.
Sus ojos estaban llenos de penitencia después de darse cuenta de su error.
A2 noun /ˈdɒŋ.ki/

Donkey

burro
Meaning
a domesticated animal related to the horse, with long ears and a braying call
Example
The donkey carried heavy bags up the mountain.
El burro llevó bolsas pesadas por la montaña.
C1 verb /ˈnuːtər/

neuter

esterilizar
Meaning
To remove the reproductive organs of an animal; or having no gender.
Example
They decided to neuter their cat to prevent more kittens.
Decidieron esterilizar a su gato para evitar más gatitos.
B2 noun /reɪdʒ/

rage

ira
Meaning
intense anger or fury
Example
She shouted in a fit of rage after hearing the news.
Ella gritó en un ataque de ira después de escuchar las noticias.
C1 verb /ˌʌndərˈlaɪ/

underlie

subyacer
Meaning
to be the hidden cause or basis of something
Example
Strong cultural traditions underlie the community's practices.
Las fuertes tradiciones culturales subyacen a las prácticas de la comunidad.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɒlvənt/

insolvent

insolvente
Meaning
unable to pay debts owed
Example
The insolvent firm could not meet its financial obligations.
La empresa insolvente no pudo cumplir con sus obligaciones financieras.
B2 adverb /ˈlaɪk.waɪz/

Likewise

de la misma manera; igualmente; de forma similar
Meaning
in the same way; also; similarly
Example
She studied hard for the exam, and her brother did likewise.
Ella estudió mucho para el examen, y su hermano hizo lo mismo.
C2 noun /ˈɑːbəlɪsk/

obelisk

obelisco
Meaning
A tall, four-sided, narrow tapering monument with a pyramid-shaped top.
Example
The ancient Egyptians built obelisks to honor their gods.
Los antiguos egipcios construyeron obeliscos para honrar a sus dioses.
B2 noun /ˈbæk.boʊn/

Backbone

columna vertebral
Meaning
the series of vertebrae extending from the skull to the pelvis; spine
Example
He injured his backbone in the accident.
Él se lesionó la columna vertebral en el accidente.
C1 noun /ˈrɪdəns/

riddance

liberación
Meaning
The action of getting rid of something unwanted or unpleasant.
Example
His departure was considered a welcome riddance by the team.
Su partida fue considerada una bienvenida liberación por el equipo.
B2 noun ˈbɛntʃˌmɑːr.kɪŋ

benchmarking

definición de estándares y análisis comparativo
Meaning
Comparing with a specific industry or competitor to set the best standards.
Example
Companies use benchmarking to assess their performance.
Las empresas utilizan el benchmarking para evaluar su rendimiento.
B2 noun /dɪˈpreʃ.ən/

Depression

depresión
Meaning
a mental health condition characterized by persistent sadness; a severe economic downturn
Example
The therapist helped her cope with depression through cognitive behavioral therapy.
El terapeuta la ayudó a lidiar con la depresión a través de terapia cognitivo-conductual.
C1 adjective /ˌmɒnəˈlɪθɪk/

monolithic

monolítico
Meaning
Massive, uniform, and indivisible; resembling a large single stone or structure.
Example
The company maintained a monolithic structure resistant to change.
La compañía mantuvo una estructura monolítica resistente al cambio.
C2 noun /ɒkˈteɪvoʊ/

octavo

octavo (tamaño de libro resultante de doblar una hoja en ocho partes)
Meaning
A size of book page resulting from folding a sheet of paper into eight leaves (sixteen pages).
Example
The old library contained rare octavo editions of Shakespeare.
La antigua biblioteca contenía ediciones raras de octavo de Shakespeare.
B2 noun /ˈfaʊn.dər/

Founder

fundador
Meaning
a person who establishes an institution or settlement; someone who starts or creates something
Example
Steve Jobs was the co-founder of Apple Inc. and revolutionized personal computing.
Steve Jobs fue el cofundador de Apple Inc. y revolucionó la computación personal.
C2 verb /ˌmɪsæprɪˈhɛnd/

misapprehend

malinterpretar
Meaning
to misunderstand or misinterpret something
Example
He misapprehended the teacher’s instructions and did the task incorrectly.
Él malinterpretó las instrucciones del profesor e hizo la tarea incorrectamente.
C2 adjective /fəˈsiːʃəs/

facetious

humerístico
Meaning
Treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor
Example
He was being facetious when he said he wanted to live on the moon.
Estaba siendo humerístico cuando dijo que quería vivir en la luna.
B2 noun /ˈdʒɜːrnəlɪzəm/

journalism

periodismo
Meaning
the activity or profession of collecting, writing, and publishing news and articles for newspapers, magazines, or broadcast media
Example
He studied journalism to become a news reporter.
Estudió periodismo para convertirse en reportero de noticias.
C1 adjective /ˈfjuː.dəl/

feudal

feudal
Meaning
relating to the system of feudalism, a medieval social system based on land ownership and obligations
Example
The castle is a remnant of the feudal era.
El castillo es un vestigio de la era feudal.
C2 verb /dɪˈtruːd/

detrude

empujar hacia abajo o hacia afuera
Meaning
To thrust or force something downward or outward.
Example
The violent waves detruded rocks from the cliff.
Las olas violentas empujaron las rocas desde el acantilado.
B2 noun ɪnˈdʒʌstɪs

injustice

injusticia
Meaning
Lack of fairness or justice; the practice of being unjust or unfair.
Example
The story portrays the injustices faced by the common people.
La historia retrata las injusticias que enfrentan las personas comunes.
B2 adverb /ˈædɪkwətli/

adequately

de manera adecuada
Meaning
in a satisfactory manner
Example
He completed the task adequately, but could improve next time.
Completó la tarea de manera adecuada, pero podría mejorar la próxima vez.