synergistic
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C1 adjective ˌsɪn.əˈdʒɪs.tɪk

synergistic

sinérgico
Meaning
Relating to the interaction of elements that when combined produce a greater effect than the sum of their individual effects.
Example
A synergistic effect occurs when nutrients work together.
Un efecto sinérgico ocurre cuando los nutrientes trabajan juntos.
C1 verb /dɪˈsɛləˌreɪt/

decelerate

desacelerar
Meaning
to reduce speed; to slow down
Example
The car began to decelerate as it approached the traffic light.
El coche comenzó a desacelerar al acercarse al semáforo.
C1 noun /ɡəˈrɪlə/

guerrilla

guerrillero
Meaning
a member of a small independent group taking part in irregular fighting, typically against larger forces
Example
The guerrilla fighters used ambushes to attack enemy positions.
Los combatientes guerrilleros usaron emboscadas para atacar las posiciones enemigas.
C1 noun /ˈpeɪθɒs/

pathos

patos
Meaning
a quality in speech, writing, or events that evokes pity or deep emotion
Example
The documentary balanced pathos with hope, making the audience both weep and think.
El documental equilibró el pathos con la esperanza, haciendo que la audiencia llorara y pensara.
C1 noun /ˈdɛspɒt/

despot

déspota
Meaning
a ruler with absolute power, often ruling in a cruel or oppressive way
Example
The despot ruled the nation with fear and violence.
El déspota gobernó la nación con miedo y violencia.
C1 noun /ˈprɒvənəns/

provenance

origen
Meaning
The origin or source of something.
Example
The museum verified the provenance of the ancient manuscript.
El museo verificó el origen del antiguo manuscrito.
C1 noun /bʊk ˈbaɪn.dər/

Book binder

encuadernador de libros
Meaning
a person whose job is to fasten the pages of books together and put covers on them
Example
The old book binder carefully restored the antique manuscript.
El viejo encuadernador restauró cuidadosamente el antiguo manuscrito.
C1 adjective /ˈɡrʌdʒɪŋ/

grudging

renuente
Meaning
Reluctant or unwilling; given or allowed only with hesitation.
Example
She gave him a grudging smile after the argument.
Le dio una sonrisa renuente después de la discusión.
C1 adjective /ˈpæs.ə.bəl/

passable

aceptable
Meaning
good enough to be accepted, though not excellent
Example
The road is barely passable after the storm.
El camino es apenas aceptable después de la tormenta.
C1 noun /ˈæmpɛər/

ampere

ámper
Meaning
A unit of electric current in the International System of Units (SI), symbolized as A.
Example
The current flowing through the wire is measured in amperes.
La corriente que fluye a través del cable se mide en amperios.
C1 noun /ˌædəˈreɪʃən/

adoration

adoración / amor profundo
Meaning
deep love and respect; worship
Example
The fans showed their adoration for the singer.
Los fanáticos mostraron su adoración por el cantante.
C1 noun /ˈtiːdiəm/

tedium

tedio
Meaning
the state of being tedious; monotony or boredom
Example
The tedium of long meetings often drains motivation.
El tedio de las largas reuniones a menudo drena la motivación.
C1 noun /ɒpˈtɒmətri/

optometry

optometría
Meaning
The practice or profession of examining the eyes and prescribing corrective lenses.
Example
She studied optometry at the university to become an eye specialist.
Estudió optometría en la universidad para convertirse en especialista en ojos.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈsɪdiəs/

insidious

insidioso
Meaning
Proceeding in a gradual, subtle way but with harmful effects.
Example
The insidious spread of misinformation can damage trust.
La propagación insidiosa de la desinformación puede dañar la confianza.
C1 noun /ˈsɪvɪks/

civics

educación cívica
Meaning
the study of the rights and duties of citizens and how government works
Example
Civics helps students understand their responsibilities as citizens.
La educación cívica ayuda a los estudiantes a entender sus deberes como ciudadanos.
C1 noun /oʊˈmɪʃ.ən/

Omission

omisión; exclusión
Meaning
the action of excluding or leaving out someone or something; a failure to include
Example
The omission of his name from the list was intentional.
La omisión de su nombre de la lista fue intencional.
C1 noun /rɪˌtæl.iˈeɪ.ʃən/

Retaliation

represalia
Meaning
the action of returning a military attack; counterattack; revenge for an injury or wrong
Example
The country threatened retaliation against any act of aggression.
El país amenazó con represalias contra cualquier acto de agresión.
C1 adjective /ˈmɔːrn.fəl/

mournful

triste
Meaning
feeling, expressing, or causing sadness or grief
Example
The mournful song reminded her of lost loved ones.
La triste canción le recordó a sus seres queridos perdidos.
C1 verb /ˈtæmpər/

tamper

interferir
Meaning
To interfere with something in a harmful, unauthorized, or improper way.
Example
The evidence was tampered with before the trial.
La evidencia fue manipulada antes del juicio.
C1 noun /rɪt/

writ

auto judicial
Meaning
A formal written order issued by a court.
Example
The judge issued a writ of habeas corpus.
El juez emitió un auto de habeas corpus.
C1 phrase ˈiː.kəʊˌsɪs.təm kəˈlæps

ecosystem collapse

colapso del ecosistema
Meaning
The complete breakdown of an ecological system, resulting in the inability to maintain its structure and function.
Example
Unchecked deforestation can lead to ecosystem collapse.
La deforestación incontrolada puede llevar al colapso del ecosistema.
C1 noun /tiˈɑː.rə/

Tiara

tiara
Meaning
a jeweled ornamental crown worn on formal occasions
Example
The princess wore a sparkling diamond tiara at the royal ball.
La princesa llevó una tiara de diamantes brillantes en el baile real.
C1 noun /ˈpɪl.fər.ɪdʒ/

Pilferage

hurto
Meaning
the theft of small amounts or items, especially from one's workplace
Example
The company installed cameras to prevent pilferage.
La empresa instaló cámaras para prevenir el hurto.
C1 verb /ˈtɛðər/

tether

atar
Meaning
To tie an animal with a rope or chain so it cannot move far.
Example
The farmer tethered the goat to a post.
El granjero ató la cabra a un poste.
C1 verb /ˈdɛprɪˌkeɪt/

deprecate

desaprobar
Meaning
to express disapproval of something
Example
The teacher deprecated the use of slang in academic essays.
El maestro desaprobó el uso de jerga en ensayos académicos.
C1 noun /liːs/

Lease

arrendamiento; contrato de alquiler
Meaning
a contract by which one party conveys land, property, services, etc. to another for a specified time, usually in return for a periodic payment
Example
They signed a two-year lease for the apartment.
Ellos firmaron un contrato de arrendamiento de dos años para el apartamento.
C1 noun /ˈtuːsəm/

twosome

pareja
Meaning
A pair of people considered together, often in a romantic or competitive context.
Example
They entered the dance competition as a twosome.
Entraron a la competencia de baile como una pareja.
C1 verb /lætʃ/

latch

cerrar con pestillo
Meaning
to fasten or close something with a latch
Example
She latched the door before leaving the house.
Ella cerró la puerta con el pestillo antes de salir de la casa.
C1 adjective /rɪˈtaɪərɪŋ/

retiring

tímido
Meaning
Shy and reserved; avoiding social contact.
Example
She is a quiet, retiring woman who avoids attention.
Ella es una mujer tranquila y tímida que evita la atención.
C1 noun /ˈnoʊ.və/

Nova

nova
Meaning
a star that suddenly increases greatly in brightness
Example
Astronomers discovered a new nova in the constellation.
Los astrónomos descubrieron una nueva nova en la constelación.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈmɒdɪfaɪd/

unmodified

sin modificar
Meaning
not changed from its original form or state
Example
The data was used in its unmodified form for analysis.
Los datos se usaron en su forma sin modificar para el análisis.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈflɛksəbl/

inflexible

inflexible
Meaning
Not able to bend or change; unwilling to change ideas or behavior.
Example
His inflexible attitude made negotiations difficult.
Su actitud inflexible dificultó las negociaciones.
C1 noun /ˈhɪpnətɪzəm/

hypnotism

hipnotismo
Meaning
The practice or act of inducing hypnosis.
Example
He studied hypnotism as part of his psychology degree.
Estudió el hipnotismo como parte de su carrera en psicología.
C1 noun /krʌks/

crux

el núcleo
Meaning
the most important or decisive point of an issue
Example
The crux of the problem lies in poor communication.
El núcleo del problema radica en la mala comunicación.
C1 adjective /ɪˈrɛfjʊtəbəl/

Irrefutable

irrefutable
Meaning
impossible to deny or disprove; undeniable
Example
The evidence against him was irrefutable.
La evidencia en su contra era irrefutable.
C1 adverb /ˈduːli/

Duly

puntualmente, debidamente
Meaning
in accordance with what is required or appropriate; at the proper time
Example
The documents were duly signed and submitted.
Los documentos fueron debidamente firmados y enviados.
C1 verb /əˈbeɪt/

abate

disminuir
Meaning
to become less intense or widespread
Example
The storm began to abate after midnight.
La tormenta comenzó a disminuir después de la medianoche.
C1 noun /ˈdeɪtəm/ or /ˈdætəm/

datum

dato
Meaning
a single piece of information; a fact used as a basis for reasoning or calculation
Example
Each datum in the survey was carefully analyzed.
Cada dato en la encuesta fue cuidadosamente analizado.
C1 noun trəˈdʒek.tər.i

trajectory

trayectoria
Meaning
The path followed by a projectile flying or an object moving under the action of given forces.
Example
The satellite followed its intended trajectory.
El satélite siguió su trayectoria prevista.
C1 noun /ˈdʒɪŋ.ɡəl/

Jingle

un sonido metálico ligero, como el que hacen los objetos metálicos cuando se agitan; una canción corta y pegadiza
Meaning
a light ringing sound such as that made by metal objects being shaken together; a short catchy song
Example
The jingle of keys could be heard as she walked down the hallway.
El sonido de las llaves se podía escuchar mientras caminaba por el pasillo.
C1 verb /ˈwɒd.əl/

waddle

caminar de manera torpe
Meaning
to walk with short steps and a clumsy swaying motion, like a duck
Example
The duck waddled across the yard.
El pato caminó de manera torpe a través del jardín.
C1 adjective /ˌdɪsɪnˈdʒɛnjʊəs/

disingenuous

falso
Meaning
not candid or sincere; giving a false appearance of honesty or openness
Example
She gave a disingenuous excuse for missing the meeting.
Ella dio una excusa falsa por no asistir a la reunión.
C1 noun /ruːz/

Ruse

artimaña; truco
Meaning
an action intended to deceive someone; a trick or stratagem
Example
The thief used a clever ruse to distract the guard.
El ladrón usó una artimaña astuta para distraer al guardia.
C1 verb, noun /lɜːrtʃ/

lurch

tambalear, dar un brusco movimiento
Meaning
to make an abrupt, unsteady, or uncontrolled movement; a sudden movement or stagger
Example
The bus lurched forward as the driver hit the brakes.
El autobús se tambaleó hacia adelante cuando el conductor presionó los frenos.
C1 adjective ˈfjuː.taɪl

futile

fútil
Meaning
Incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
Example
His attempts to change the situation were futile.
Sus intentos de cambiar la situación fueron inútiles.
C1 adjective /ˌʌnəkˈnɒlɪdʒd/

unacknowledged

no reconocido
Meaning
Not recognized, admitted, or accepted; ignored or unnoticed
Example
Her contributions to the project went unacknowledged.
Sus contribuciones al proyecto pasaron desapercibidas.
C1 adjective ˈwɛðərpruːf

weatherproof

resistente a la intemperie
Meaning
Able to resist or be unaffected by weather, especially rain and wind.
Example
The materials used are weatherproof, ensuring longevity.
Los materiales utilizados son resistentes a la intemperie, asegurando longevidad.
C1 noun /ˈmætrəˌmoʊni/

matrimony

matrimonio
Meaning
The state of being married; marriage.
Example
They entered into matrimony after years of friendship.
Entraron en el matrimonio después de años de amistad.
C1 verb /kənˈtraɪv/

contrive

idear
Meaning
to plan or devise cleverly or skillfully
Example
She contrived a clever plan to surprise her friends.
Ella ideó un plan ingenioso para sorprender a sus amigos.
C1 noun /ˈɪn.fən.tri/

Infantry

infantería
Meaning
soldiers marching or fighting on foot; foot soldiers collectively
Example
The infantry advanced across the battlefield on foot.
La infantería avanzó a través del campo de batalla a pie.
C1 adjective /əˈmiːnəbl/

amenable

dispuesto
Meaning
willing to cooperate or be influenced; open to suggestions
Example
She was amenable to the idea of working longer hours.
Ella estaba dispuesta a la idea de trabajar más horas.
C1 verb /ɪɡˈzæspəˌreɪt/

exasperate

exasperar
Meaning
to irritate or annoy intensely
Example
His constant complaints began to exasperate his coworkers.
Sus constantes quejas comenzaron a exasperar a sus compañeros de trabajo.
C1 noun/verb /snɛər/

snare

trampa
Meaning
a trap for catching animals; to catch or trap
Example
The hunter set a snare to catch rabbits.
El cazador puso una trampa para atrapar conejos.
C1 noun kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət

conglomerate

conglomerado
Meaning
A large corporation formed by the merging of separate and diverse firms.
Example
The company grew into a multinational conglomerate.
La compañía se convirtió en un conglomerado multinacional.
C1 noun ˌdɪs.æmˌbɪɡ.juˈeɪ.ʃən

disambiguation

desambiguación
Meaning
The removal of ambiguity by making something clear and unambiguous.
Example
The AI system applies disambiguation to refine text understanding.
El sistema de IA aplica la disambiguación para refinar la comprensión del texto.
C1 verb /ɔːrˈdeɪn/

ordain

ordenar
Meaning
To officially make someone a priest or minister; to decree or order something officially.
Example
The bishop will ordain three new priests this Sunday.
El obispo ordenará tres nuevos sacerdotes este domingo.
C1 adjective /stjuːˈpɛndəs/

stupendous

asombroso
Meaning
extremely impressive; amazing in size, degree, or excellence
Example
The magician’s performance was simply stupendous.
La actuación del mago fue simplemente asombrosa.
C1 noun /ˈtraɪ.pɒd/

tripod

trípode
Meaning
A three-legged stand used to support a camera, telescope, or other object.
Example
The photographer set up his camera on a tripod.
El fotógrafo colocó su cámara en un trípode.
C1 adjective /ˈstɪndʒi/

stingy

tacaño
Meaning
unwilling to spend or give; miserly
Example
He is too stingy to buy a gift for his friend.
Es demasiado tacaño para comprar un regalo para su amigo.
C1 verb /ˌsuːpərɪmˈpoʊz/

superimpose

superponer
Meaning
to place one thing on top of another so that both can be seen
Example
The editor superimposed text over the image.
El editor superpuso texto sobre la imagen.
C1 adjective /rɪˈvɜː.sə.bəl/

Reversible

reversible
Meaning
able to be turned the other way around; able to be undone or changed back
Example
This jacket is reversible and can be worn on both sides.
Esta chaqueta es reversible y se puede usar por ambos lados.
C1 noun /ˈskæf.əld/

Scaffold

andamio
Meaning
a temporary structure used by workers to stand on when building or repairing something high; a platform for execution
Example
The workers erected a scaffold to paint the building's exterior.
Los trabajadores erigieron un andamio para pintar el exterior del edificio.
C1 noun /ˈmʌs.tərd siːdz/

Mustard seeds

semillas de mostaza
Meaning
small round seeds from the mustard plant, used as a spice and for making mustard condiment
Example
Mustard seeds are often tempered in hot oil to release their nutty flavor before adding to dishes.
Las semillas de mostaza a menudo se temperan en aceite caliente para liberar su sabor a nuez antes de agregarlas a los platos.
C1 noun /ˈbrɛvɪti/

brevity

breviedad
Meaning
Concise and exact use of words in writing or speech.
Example
The brevity of the speech kept the audience engaged.
La brevedad del discurso mantuvo a la audiencia comprometida.
C1 noun /njʊəˈrəʊ.sɪs/

neurosis

trastorno neurótico
Meaning
A relatively mild mental illness that is not caused by organic disease, involving symptoms of stress.
Example
His neurosis made social interactions difficult.
Su neurosis hizo que las interacciones sociales fueran difíciles.
C1 verb /ˈwɪtl/

whittle

tallar
Meaning
to carve or shape something by cutting off small pieces; to gradually reduce
Example
He spent the afternoon whittling a piece of wood into a toy.
Él pasó la tarde tallando un trozo de madera en un juguete.
C1 noun/adjective /ˈmɒnəkrəʊm/

monochrome

monocromo
Meaning
A photograph, painting, or screen image in black and white or varying tones of one color.
Example
The old film was shot entirely in monochrome.
La película antigua fue rodada enteramente en monocromo.
C1 adjective /ɪnˈɔːdəbl/

inaudible

ininteligible
Meaning
Unable to be heard.
Example
Her voice was almost inaudible over the noise.
Su voz era casi ininteligible sobre el ruido.
C1 verb /ʌpˈruːt/

uproot

desarraigar
Meaning
To pull something out of the ground; to remove or displace completely.
Example
They uprooted the old tree from the garden.
Ellos desenterraron el viejo árbol del jardín.
C1 adjective /ˈwɔːrˌlaɪk/

warlike

bélico
Meaning
Having an aggressive or militant nature; inclined to fight or engage in war.
Example
The tribe was known for its warlike traditions.
La tribu era conocida por sus tradiciones bélicas.
C1 noun /ˈɛstjʊəri/

estuary

estuario
Meaning
the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide meets the stream
Example
The city is located near the estuary of the river.
La ciudad está ubicada cerca del estuario del río.
C1 adjective /pəˈroʊkiəl/

parochial

parroquial
Meaning
Having a limited or narrow outlook; relating to a parish.
Example
His parochial view prevented him from understanding global issues.
Su visión parroquial le impidió entender los problemas globales.
C1 noun /nɔːrm/

Norm

norma; estándar; regla; tradición
Meaning
a standard of behavior; what is typical or expected
Example
Working late has become the norm in this company.
Trabajar hasta tarde se ha convertido en la norma en esta empresa.
C1 verb /ˈdʒepərdaɪz/

jeopardize

poner en peligro
Meaning
to put something at risk of being damaged or destroyed
Example
His reckless behavior could jeopardize his career.
Su comportamiento imprudente podría poner en peligro su carrera.
C1 adjective /sliːk/

sleek

elegante y brillante
Meaning
smooth, shiny, and stylish
Example
She drove a sleek black sports car.
Ella condujo un coche deportivo brillante y elegante.
C1 noun /rɪˌsɛptɪˈvɪti/

receptivity

receptividad
Meaning
The ability or willingness to receive something, especially signals or stimuli.
Example
Her receptivity to new ideas helped improve the project.
Su receptividad a nuevas ideas ayudó a mejorar el proyecto.
C1 verb /smɜrk/

smirk

sonreír con suficiencia
Meaning
to smile in a self-satisfied, smug, or silly way
Example
He smirked when he won the argument.
Él sonrió cuando ganó la discusión.
C1 noun /ˈvælər/

valor

valor
Meaning
Great courage in the face of danger, especially in battle.
Example
The soldier was honored for his valor during the war.
El soldado fue honrado por su valor durante la guerra.
C1 noun /ˈpɒlɪɡɒn/

polygon

polígono
Meaning
a flat shape with three or more straight sides
Example
The artist drew a colorful polygon on the canvas.
El artista dibujó un polígon colorido en el lienzo.
C1 noun /ˌdʒʌkstəpəˈzɪʃən/

juxtaposition

yuxtaposición
Meaning
The fact of two things being seen or placed close together with contrasting effect.
Example
The juxtaposition of light and dark colors created a dramatic effect.
La yuxtaposición de los colores claros y oscuros creó un efecto dramático.
C1 adverb /ˈæm.ɪ.kə.bli/

Amicably

amistosamente
Meaning
in a friendly way without anger or resentment
Example
The divorce was settled amicably between both parties.
El divorcio se resolvió amistosamente entre ambas partes.
C1 verb /bɪˈɡɛt/

beget

engendrar / procrear
Meaning
to bring about or give rise to; to father or produce
Example
Violence begets more violence.
La violencia engendra más violencia.
C1 adjective /ˈlɪvɪd/

livid

furioso
Meaning
Extremely angry; furious.
Example
She was livid when she found out about the betrayal.
Ella estaba furiosa cuando descubrió la traición.
C1 adjective /fəˈnɛtɪk/

phonetic

fonético
Meaning
relating to the sounds of speech or pronunciation
Example
The teacher taught the students the phonetic spelling of difficult words.
El maestro enseñó a los estudiantes la ortografía fonética de las palabras difíciles.
C1 noun ˌvɛn.əˈreɪ.ʃən

veneration

veneración
Meaning
Great respect; reverence; the action of regarding with great respect or reverence.
Example
Many cultures show veneration for their ancestors.
Muchas culturas muestran veneración por sus antepasados.
C1 noun /ˌɪnkwɪˈzɪʃən/

inquisition

inquisición
Meaning
A prolonged and intense questioning or investigation, often harsh in nature.
Example
The journalist faced an inquisition from the panel about his sources.
El periodista enfrentó una inquisición del panel sobre sus fuentes.
C1 adverb /ˈɡeɪ.li/

Gaily

alegremente; con alegría
Meaning
in a cheerful and lively manner
Example
The children danced gaily at the festival.
Los niños bailaron alegremente en el festival.
C1 verb /ˈkʌvət/

covet

codiciar
Meaning
to desire something belonging to someone else
Example
He coveted his neighbor's new car.
Él codició el coche nuevo de su vecino.
C1 noun /ˈkrɒkəri/

crockery

vajilla
Meaning
Dishes, plates, cups, and other items made of earthenware or china.
Example
The hotel provided clean crockery for the guests.
El hotel proporcionó vajilla limpia para los huéspedes.
C1 noun /ɪˈmɜː.ʃən/

immersion

inmersión
Meaning
Complete engagement in an environment or experience.
Example
Immersion in VR games makes users feel like they are inside the virtual world.
La inmersión en juegos de VR hace que los usuarios sientan como si estuvieran dentro del mundo virtual.
C1 adjective ˈbɜːdʒənɪŋ

burgeoning

en expansión
Meaning
Beginning to grow or increase rapidly; flourishing.
Example
The burgeoning tech industry has attracted many investors.
La industria tecnológica en expansión ha atraído a muchos inversores.
C1 noun /ɪnˈsɒm.ni.ə/

Insomnia

insomnio
Meaning
habitual sleeplessness; inability to sleep; the condition of being unable to sleep
Example
Her chronic insomnia made it difficult for her to concentrate during work hours.
Su insomnio crónico le dificultaba concentrarse durante las horas de trabajo.
C1 noun/verb /ˈɡlɪmər/

glimmer

un resplandor débil
Meaning
A faint or wavering light; to shine with a faint light.
Example
A glimmer of hope shone in her eyes.
Un resplandor de esperanza brilló en sus ojos.
C1 noun /deɪˈtɑːnt/

detente

distensión
Meaning
the easing of hostility or strained relations, especially between countries
Example
The two nations worked toward detente after decades of conflict.
Las dos naciones trabajaron hacia la distensión después de décadas de conflicto.
C1 adjective /ˈdɪs.ə.plɪ.ner.i/

Disciplinary

disciplinario
Meaning
relating to discipline; intended to correct behavior
Example
The company took disciplinary action against the employee.
La empresa tomó medidas disciplinarias contra el empleado.
C1 adjective /pəˈrɪfərəl/

peripheral

periférico
Meaning
Relating to or situated on the edge or outer parts of something.
Example
The town is located on the peripheral area of the city.
La ciudad está situada en el área periférica de la ciudad.
C1 adjective /ʌnˈtʌtʃəbəl/

Untouchable

intocable; más allá de la crítica o el ataque
Meaning
not able to be touched or affected; beyond criticism or attack
Example
The CEO seemed untouchable despite the scandal.
El CEO parecía intocable a pesar del escándalo.
C1 noun /dɪˈfaɪəns/

defiance

desobediencia
Meaning
Open resistance or bold disobedience.
Example
The protest was an act of defiance against injustice.
La protesta fue un acto de desobediencia contra la injusticia.
C1 adjective /ˈɡɑːrdɪd/

guarded

reservado
Meaning
Cautious and careful in speech or action, often to avoid giving too much away.
Example
He gave a guarded reply to the journalist.
Él dio una respuesta reservada al periodista.
C1 adjective; noun /ɪˈmɔːrtl/

immortal

inmortal
Meaning
living forever; never dying; lasting forever in fame or memory
Example
Legends often describe heroes as immortal beings who never die.
Las leyendas describen a los héroes como inmortales.
C1 noun ˌdiːˌrɛɡ.jʊˈleɪ.ʃən

deregulation

desregulación
Meaning
The removal or reduction of government regulations in an economic sector.
Example
Deregulation has increased competition in the telecommunications sector.
La desregulación ha aumentado la competencia en el sector de las telecomunicaciones.
C1 verb /ˈrʌf.l̩/

ruffle

desordenar, molestar
Meaning
to disturb the smoothness of something; to annoy or upset someone
Example
The wind ruffled her hair.
El viento desordenó su cabello.
C1 adjective /vɪnˈdɪk.tɪv/

Vindictive

vindictivo
Meaning
having or showing a strong or unreasoning desire for revenge
Example
His vindictive behavior towards his former colleagues was unprofessional.
Su comportamiento vengativo hacia sus antiguos colegas fue poco profesional.
C1 noun /fiːnd/

fiend

demonio, persona malvada
Meaning
an evil spirit or demon; a wicked or cruel person; someone obsessed with a particular thing
Example
He is a real fiend when it comes to solving puzzles.
Él es un verdadero demonio cuando se trata de resolver rompecabezas.
C1 noun /kɑːrˈtɒɡrəfər/

cartographer

cartógrafo
Meaning
A person who makes maps.
Example
The cartographer carefully drew the map of the new territory.
El cartógrafo dibujó cuidadosamente el mapa del nuevo territorio.
C1 noun /ˈdɪsənˌtɛri/

dysentery

enfermedad intestinal (diarrea con sangre y moco)
Meaning
An infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhea with blood and mucus.
Example
Many soldiers suffered from dysentery during the war.
Muchos soldados sufrieron de disentería durante la guerra.
C1 exclamation /juˈriːkə/

eureka

¡Eureka!
Meaning
An exclamation used to express a sudden discovery or realization.
Example
When the solution finally came to him, he shouted, 'Eureka!'
Cuando finalmente encontró la solución, gritó, '¡Eureka!'
C1 verb /əˈdʒɔɪn/

adjoin

unirse
Meaning
To be next to and joined with something.
Example
Their house adjoins the park.
Su casa está unida al parque.
C1 noun /streɪt/

strait

estrecho
Meaning
A narrow passage of water connecting two seas or two large areas of water.
Example
The Strait of Gibraltar connects the Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.
El estrecho de Gibraltar conecta el océano Atlántico y el mar Mediterráneo.
C1 adjective /ˈheɪ.zi/

Hazy

brumoso; vago; borroso
Meaning
covered with haze; unclear or vague; lacking clarity
Example
The mountain tops were hazy in the morning mist.
Las cumbres de las montañas estaban brumosas por la niebla de la mañana.
C1 adjective /ˌɪnsɪˈdɛntəl/

incidental

incidental
Meaning
happening as a minor part or in connection with something else
Example
Incidental expenses like snacks and tips were included in the bill.
Gastos incidentales como bocadillos y propinas fueron incluidos en la factura.
C1 verb /dɪsˈpleɪs/

displace

desplazar
Meaning
to force someone or something out of their usual or original position; to replace or substitute
Example
The new technology will displace many traditional manufacturing jobs.
La nueva tecnología desplazará muchos trabajos tradicionales de manufactura.
C1 verb /pərˈspaɪər/

perspire

sudar
Meaning
To give out sweat through the pores of the skin as a result of heat, physical exertion, or stress.
Example
He began to perspire after running for 10 minutes.
Él comenzó a sudar después de correr por 10 minutos.
C1 adverb /əˈnjuː/

anew

de nuevo
Meaning
In a new or different way; once more.
Example
After the failure, she decided to start her life anew.
Después del fracaso, decidió comenzar su vida de nuevo.
C1 noun /ɪˈnɪɡ.mə/

enigma

enigma
Meaning
A person or thing that is mysterious, puzzling, or difficult to understand.
Example
Life remains an enigma to many.
La vida sigue siendo un enigma para muchos.
C1 noun /stents/

stents

stents
Meaning
Small mesh tubes used to treat narrow or blocked arteries.
Example
Stents were successfully placed using robotic techniques.
Los stents fueron colocados con éxito utilizando técnicas robóticas.
C1 noun /ˈsɪmətri/

symmetry

simetría
Meaning
the quality of having balanced proportions or identical parts facing each other
Example
The building’s symmetry impressed the visitors.
La simetría del edificio impresionó a los visitantes.
C1 adjective /ˈbuːzi/

boozy

alcohólico
Meaning
containing or involving a lot of alcohol; slightly drunk from alcohol
Example
The party became boozy as the night went on.
La fiesta se volvió alcohólica a medida que avanzaba la noche.
C1 noun /ˈpɛndjələm/

pendulum

péndulo
Meaning
A weight suspended from a pivot so that it swings freely, often used to regulate clocks.
Example
The pendulum swung back and forth inside the clock.
El péndulo oscilaba hacia adelante y hacia atrás dentro del reloj.
C1 noun, verb /əˈsɛnt/

assent

asentimiento
Meaning
To agree to something, especially after careful consideration; an expression of approval.
Example
She nodded her head in silent assent.
Ella asintió con la cabeza en silencio.
C1 verb /ˌriː.ɪˈstæblɪʃ/

reestablish

restablecer
Meaning
to set up or restore something again after it has been disrupted
Example
The government worked hard to reestablish peace in the region.
El gobierno trabajó arduamente para restablecer la paz en la región.